Blog of Signaling Pathways

Melatonin activates mitochondrial unfolded protein response to preserve osteogenic potential of senescent BMSCs via upregulating PDI-6

97 views | Feb 06 2023

PDI-6, a regulator of mitochondrial homeostasis, is a target for melatonin in the treatment of age-related osteoporosis due to its ability to enhance osteogenic differentiation in senescent BMSCs, which has decreased function, by rescuing mitochondrial function and being a downstream effector of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. [Read the Full Post]

Insights into the antioxidative mechanisms of melatonin in ameliorating chromium-induced oxidative stress-mediated hepatic and renal tissue injuries in male Wistar rats

125 views | Feb 06 2023

Melatonin has been shown to protect against chromium-induced oxidative damage in liver and kidney tissues by preserving organ weight, intracellular antioxidant enzymes, and reducing tissue chromium content, oxidative stress biomarkers, and pro-oxidant enzyme activities through its antioxidant and metal-chelating activity. [Read the Full Post]

Small Bowel Lipomatosis: An Unusual Radiological Finding in Patients With Renal Cell Cancer on Pazopanib

38 views | Feb 06 2023

The study found that small bowel lipomatosis is a unique finding in patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma receiving pazopanib, but is not seen with other tyrosine kinase inhibitors. [Read the Full Post]

[Single-center study of different treatment for advanced or unresectable angiosarcoma patients]

125 views | Feb 06 2023

This study found that doxorubicin-based and paclitaxel-based chemotherapy are the most common treatments for advanced angiosarcoma, and combined targeted therapy with anti-PD-1 immunotherapy showed potential efficacy in some patients with long duration of response and moderate adverse events. [Read the Full Post]

Novel carboxymethyl cellulose-halloysite-polyethylene glycol nanocomposite for improved 5-FU delivery

114 views | Feb 06 2023

This study synthesized a pH-responsive nanocomposite based on halloysite nanotube (HNT) coated with carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/polyethylene glycol (PEG) hydrogel for controlled delivery of 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU), a hydrophobic chemotherapy drug, using the W/O/W technique, achieving high drug entrapment and loading and showing improved and sustained 5-FU delivery in acid environment and considerable cytotoxicity on MCF-7 breast cancer cells. [Read the Full Post]

The effect of cladribine on immunoglobulin levels compared to B cell targeting therapies in multiple sclerosis

77 views | Feb 05 2023

Cladribine therapy for RRMS does not significantly reduce immunoglobulin subset levels, unlike ocrelizumab and natalizumab which showed a statistically significant reduction in IgG and IgM levels. [Read the Full Post]

Real-world experience of cladribine treatment in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: A Danish nationwide study

66 views | Feb 05 2023

A registry-based observational cohort study of all Danish patients starting cladribine tablets for relapsing multiple sclerosis showed the treatment was safe with a significant reduction in annualized relapse rate, but a longer follow-up period is needed to fully assess the long-term benefit and risk. [Read the Full Post]

Decitabine enhances the tumoricidal potential of TRAIL via the epigenetic regulation of death receptor 4 in gastric cancer

84 views | Feb 05 2023

Decitabine enhances the anti-tumor effect of TRAIL by upregulating DR4 expression through epigenetic modification, acting as a sensitizing agent, and providing a novel idea for gastric cancer treatment when used in combination. [Read the Full Post]

Mechanisms of response and resistance to combined decitabine and ipilimumab for advanced myeloid disease

103 views | Feb 05 2023

The study of combining decitabine and ipilimumab for AML/MDS showed that the clinical response to the combination therapy is primarily driven by decitabine-induced cytoreduction, but evidence of immune activation was only observed after ipilimumab exposure, and long-lasting responses require elimination of leukemic progenitor cells. [Read the Full Post]

[Androgens and Parkinson's disease: the role in humans and in experiment]

57 views | Feb 05 2023

Parkinson's disease is more common in men than women and studies suggest a role of sex hormones in its pathogenesis, but current drug therapy with androgens, androgen precursors, antiandrogens and drugs that modify androgen metabolism have not shown sufficient effectiveness and 5α-reductase inhibitors show promise for neuroprotection and anti-dyskinetic properties, but more research is needed. [Read the Full Post]

Addressing adherence to guidelines on prevention of acute chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting in pediatric patients

75 views | Feb 04 2023

Guideline adherence for prevention of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting improved significantly, particularly in the high emetogenic chemotherapy group, with education, addition of anti-emetics to formulary, and implementation of a standardized guideline tool, but further improvement is needed in the moderately emetogenic chemotherapy group. [Read the Full Post]

Antiemetic use and chemotherapy induced nausea and vomiting related hospitalization costs after highly or moderately emetogenic chemotherapy

64 views | Feb 04 2023

PrecisionQ's database analysis found lower CINV related hospitalization costs among patients receiving netupitant/fosnetupitant with palonosetron (NEPA) compared to aprepitant/fosaprepitant with ondansetron (APON) or aprepitant/fosaprepitant with palonosetron (APPA) during highly emetogenic chemotherapy or moderately emetogenic chemotherapy. [Read the Full Post]

Anti-Androgenic Therapies Targeting the Luminal Androgen Receptor of a Typical Triple-Negative Breast Cancer

82 views | Feb 04 2023

A review of literature shows a need for anti-androgenic strategies against luminal androgen receptor (LAR) triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) to improve the treatment and prognosis of TNBC by targeting the androgen receptor, with bicalutamide and enzalutamide being currently assessed as potential treatments. [Read the Full Post]

A trio of tumor suppressor miRNA downregulates CREB5 dependent transcription to modulate neoadjuvant hormonal therapy sensitivity

35 views | Feb 04 2023

MicroRNAs 142-3p, 150-5p, and 342-3p can contribute to neoadjuvant hormonal therapy resistance in prostate cancer by targeting CREB5 and inhibit cell proliferation in vitro, according to a study. [Read the Full Post]

On-treatment derived neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and survival with palbociclib and endocrine treatment: analysis of a multicenter retrospective cohort and the PALOMA-2/3 study with immune correlates

24 views | Feb 04 2023

On-treatment derived neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (dNLR) is a significant predictor of progression-free survival (PFS) in postmenopausal women with HR-positive, HER2-negative advanced breast cancer (ABC) receiving palbociclib and endocrine treatment, with reduction in dNLR after treatment predictive of a survival benefit and evidence of systemic immune responses elicited by palbociclib. [Read the Full Post]

Ostarine-Induced Myogenic Differentiation in C2C12, L6, and Rat Muscles

14 views | Feb 03 2023

Ostarine stimulates muscle tissue proliferation and differentiation via the androgen receptor, as shown in studies of C2C12 and L6 cells, and 30-day administration of ostarine increased myogenin, MyoD, and MyH expression and muscle mass in rats. [Read the Full Post]

Analysis of Circulating DNA to Assess Prognoses for Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Patients Treated with Regorafenib Dose-Escalation Therapy: A Retrospective, Exploratory Analysis of the RECC Trial

63 views | Feb 03 2023

A study of 45 patients with metastatic colorectal cancer treated with regorafenib found that KRAS mutations in tissue or plasma did not impact its efficacy, but higher levels of circulating cell-free DNA were associated with poorer prognoses. [Read the Full Post]

Effectiveness of different treatment regimens on patients with COVID-19, hospitalized in Sanandaj hospitals: a retrospective cohort study

37 views | Feb 03 2023

The study found that the drug regimen 2 (Interferons (ReciGen/Ziphron) or Interferon Vectra (lopinavir/ritonavir)) increased the days of hospitalization and hospitalization in ICU, while other drug regimens had no significant effect on mortality, use of a ventilator, or reducing mortality compared to the others. [Read the Full Post]

Awareness on current status of usage of ritonavir in the management of covid among dental students

49 views | Feb 03 2023

A survey of 100 dental students in Chennai showed that postgraduate students had greater knowledge of the current use of Ritonavir in the management of COVID-19, but the study highlights the need for regular education and training programs for all healthcare workers on COVID-19 infection control procedures. [Read the Full Post]

A combination of telomerase inhibition and NK cell therapy increased breast cancer cell line apoptosis

44 views | Feb 03 2023

Inhibiting telomerase with BIBR1532 increased the cytotoxicity of natural killer cells against breast cancer and synergistically enhanced cell death by suppressing hTERT and upregulating apoptotic-related genes, making breast cancer cells more sensitive to NK cell therapy and potentially useful in the treatment of breast cancer. [Read the Full Post]