Blog of Signaling Pathways

Epithelial-mesenchymal transition confers resistance to selective FGFR inhibitors in SNU-16 gastric cancer cells

4216 views | Oct 09 2017

Grygielewicz P et al. provide experimental evidence that EMT-mediated resistance might emerge in gastric cancer patients following treatment with FGFR inhibitors, and mubritinib or AUY922 treatment may be an alternative therapeutic strategy for these patients. [Read the Full Post]

Diverse, Biologically Relevant, and Targetable Gene Rearrangements in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer and Other Malignancies

1715 views | Oct 08 2017

Shaver TM et al. identified a diverse array of novel and known hybrid transcripts, including rearrangements between noncoding regions and clinically relevant genes such as ALK, CSF1R, and CD274/PD-L1 The over 1,000 genetic alterations we identified highlight the importance of considering noncoding gene rearrangement partners, and the targetable gene fusions identified in TNBC demonstrate the need to advance gene fusion detection for molecularly heterogeneous cancers. [Read the Full Post]

Shh mediates PDGF-induced contractile-to-synthetic phenotypic modulation in vascular smooth muscle cells through regulation of KLF4

0 views | Oct 08 2017

Zeng Q et al. provided critical insights into the newly discovered role of Shh in phenotypic modulation of VSMCs which depends on KLF4. [Read the Full Post]

Tetrandrine has anti-adipogenic effect on 3T3-L1 preadipocytes through the reduced expression and/or phosphorylation levels of C/EBP-α, PPAR-γ, FAS, perilipin A, and STAT-3

1189 views | Oct 07 2017

Jang BC et al. show that tetrandrine has strong anti-adipogenic effect on 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and the effect is largely attributable to the reduced expression and/or phosphorylation levels of C/EBP-α, PPAR-γ, FAS, perilipin A, and STAT-3. [Read the Full Post]

MEK inhibitor CI-1040 induces apoptosis in acute myeloid leukemia cells in vitro

988 views | Oct 07 2017

Wei CR et al. demonstrated that CI-1040 induce apoptosis of U-937 cells and might be a new therapeutic option for the treatment of AML. [Read the Full Post]

Cannabinoid receptor-2 stimulation suppresses neuroinflammation by regulating microglial M1/M2 polarization through the cAMP/PKA pathway in an experimental GMH rat model.

0 views | Oct 06 2017

Tao Y et al. proposed that promotion of microglial M2 polarization through the cAMP/PKA pathway participates in the CB2R-mediated anti-inflammatory effects after GMH induction. [Read the Full Post]

Prolonged mitotic arrest induces a caspase-dependent DNA damage response at telomeres that determines cell survival

0 views | Oct 06 2017

Hain KO et al. demonstrated that mitotic stress is characterised by the sub-apoptotic activation of a classical caspase pathway, which promotes telomere deprotection, activates DNA damage signalling, and determines cell fate in response to a prolonged delay in mitosis. [Read the Full Post]

tRNA modification profiles of the fast-proliferating cancer cells

0 views | Oct 06 2017

Dong C et al. indicated that tRNA is a actively regulated RNA species in the fast-proliferating cancer cells, and suggest that they may play a more active role in biological process than expected. [Read the Full Post]

Inhibition of Extracellular Calcium Influx Results in Enhanced IL-12 Production in LPS-Treated Murine Macrophages by Downregulation of the CaMKKβ-AMPK-SIRT1 Signaling Pathway

1372 views | Oct 05 2017

Liu X et al. demonstrated a new role of transmembrane calcium mobilization in immunity modulation such that inhibition of calcium influx leads to impaired activation of CaMKKβ-AMPK-SIRT1 signaling pathway which lifts restriction on NF-κB activation and results in enhanced IL-12 production. [Read the Full Post]

STAT1 as a downstream mediator of ERK signaling contributes to bone cancer pain by regulating MHC II expression in spinal microglia

1866 views | Oct 04 2017

Song Z et al. suggested that STAT1 contributes to bone cancer pain as a downstream mediator of ERK signaling by regulating MHC II expression in spinal microglia. [Read the Full Post]

Improved fluorescence assays to measure the defects associated with F508del-CFTR allow identification of new active compounds

1234 views | Oct 04 2017

Langron E et al. showed that most known potentiators have a negative influence on F508del-CFTR biogenesis/stability, which means membrane exposure needs to be monitored early during the development of drugs targeting CFTR. The combined use of the two fluorescence assays described here provides a useful tool for the identification of improved potentiators and correctors. The assays could also prove useful for basic scientific investigations on F508del-CFTR, and other CF-causing mutations. [Read the Full Post]

Cabozantinib is selectively cytotoxic in acute myeloid leukemia cells with FLT3-internal tandem duplication (FLT3-ITD)

1622 views | Oct 03 2017

Lu JW et al. showed that Clinical trials evaluating the efficacy of cabozantinib in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with FLT3-ITD are warranted. [Read the Full Post]

In Vivo Visualization and Characterization of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Breast Tumors

1384 views | Oct 03 2017

Zhao Z et al. provided a novel opportunity for visualizing tumor EMT at the single-cell level and may help to reveal the intricacies underlying tumor dynamics and treatment responses. [Read the Full Post]

An FGFR inhibitor converts the tumor promoting effect of TGF-β by the induction of fibroblast-associated genes of hepatoma cells

0 views | Oct 02 2017

Zhang HR et al. indicated that FGFR inhibitor treatment converts the effect of TGF-β on the hepatocellular carcinoma cells from tumor promotion into tumor inhibition by enhancing the induction effect of TGF-β on some fibroblast-associated genes. Converting human liver cancer cells into less malignant fibroblast-like cells and inducing tumor parenchyma cell fibrosis provides an alternative strategy for limiting tumor progression. [Read the Full Post]

PARP inhibitor increases chemosensitivity by upregulating miR-664b-5p in BRCA1-mutated triple-negative breast cancer

1012 views | Oct 02 2017

Song W et al. showed that miR-664b-5p functions as a tumour suppressor and has an important role in the regulation of PARP inhibitors to increase chemosensitivity by targeting CCNE2. This may be one of the possible mechanisms by which PARP inhibitors increase chemosensitivity in BRCA1-mutated TNBC. [Read the Full Post]

Effect of earthworm active protein on fibroblast proliferation and its mechanism

0 views | Oct 01 2017

Song S et al. demonstrated that EAP is effective in promoting effects on proliferation and migration activity of NIH3T3 cell, and the proliferation activity of EAP on NIH3T3 cell may be achieved through the PI3K→Rac→PAK→MEK signaling pathway. [Read the Full Post]

Heterogeneity of macrophage infiltration and therapeutic response in lung carcinoma revealed by 3D organ imaging

1221 views | Sep 30 2017

Cuccarese MF et al. revealed that TAM density was heterogeneous across tumours in the same animal, overall TAM density is different among separate pulmonary tumour models, nanotherapeutic drug delivery correlated with TAM heterogeneity, and successful response to CSF-1R blockade is characterized by enhanced TAM penetration throughout and within tumours. [Read the Full Post]

Anticancer sulfonamides target splicing by inducing RBM39 degradation via recruitment to DCAF15

2996 views | Sep 30 2017

Here Han T et al. showed that indisulam promotes the recruitment of RBM39 (RNA binding motif protein 39) to the CUL4-DCAF15 E3 ubiquitin ligase, leading to RBM39 polyubiquitination and proteasomal degradation. [Read the Full Post]

Malignant gliomas induce and exploit astrocytic mesenchymal-like transition by activating canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling

1676 views | Sep 29 2017

Lu P et al. established that glioma cells remarkably activated astrocytes via upregulating Wnt/β-catenin signaling, with obviously mesenchymal-like transition and increased migration and invasion ability, indicating that glioma cells may stimulate adjacent astrocytes to degrade extracellular matrix and thereby promoting tumor invasiveness. [Read the Full Post]

Ultrasound Enhances the Expression of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor in Astrocyte Through Activation of TrkB-Akt and Calcium-CaMK Signaling Pathways

0 views | Sep 29 2017

Liu SH et al. found that LIPUS stimulation might play a crucial and beneficial role in neurodegenerative diseases. [Read the Full Post]