Blog of Signaling Pathways

Ouabain isolated from plants is widely used by scientists in in vitro studies

2794 views | May 30 2013

In many non rodent species, low concentrations of this substance (i.e., in the subnanomolar range) may stimulate the Na-K-ATPase. The mechanism of the stimulatory effect is not understood and remains controversial. Further, the issue in rodents is more complicated because there are different isoforms of the Na-K-ATPase - some of which are very sensitive to ouabain while others are not. [Read the Full Post]

INK 128 is a potent and selective mTOR inhibitor with IC50 of 1 nM

2391 views | May 28 2013

INK 128 exhibits an enzymatic inhibition activity against mTOR and more than 100-fold selectivity to PI3K kinases. [Read the Full Post]

Learn about the prescription medication Methazolamide

2372 views | May 26 2013

Methazolamide is a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor with Ki of 50 nM, 14 nM and 36 nM for hCA I, hCA II and bCA IV isoforms, respectively. [Read the Full Post]

Effects of oral administration of methazolamide on intraocular pressure

2280 views | May 22 2013

In vitro characterization of the erythrocyte distribution of methazolamide: a model of erythrocyte transport and binding kinetics [Read the Full Post]

Rucaparib is a PARP inhibitor being investigated as a potential anticancer agent

3002 views | May 20 2013

Rucaparib also reduces the migration of some cancer and normal cells in culture.It can be taken orally in tablet form. [Read the Full Post]

Motesanib is an experimental drug candidate

2630 views | May 16 2013

Motesanib Diphosphate has broad activity against the human VEGFR family, and displays >1000 selectivity against EGFR, Src, and p38 kinase. [Read the Full Post]

Ouabain is found in the ripe seeds of African plants

2953 views | May 14 2013

It is well understood that the classical mechanism of action of ouabain involves its binding to and inhibition of the plasma membrane Na+/K+-ATPase (sodium pump) especially at the higher concentrations attainable in vitro or with intravenous dosage. [Read the Full Post]

MK 801 has a great deal of potential to be used in research in creating animal models of schizophrenia

3149 views | May 10 2013

MK-801 has a great deal of potential to be used in research in creating animal models of schizophrenia. Unlike dopaminergic agonists, which mimic only the positive symptoms of schizophrenia, a single injection of MK801 was successful in modelling both the positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia. [Read the Full Post]

Selumetinib is a drug being investigated for the treatment of various types of cancer

1967 views | May 08 2013

AZD6244 also inhibits the growth of primary HCC cells through inhibition of ERK1/2 and p90RSK phosphorylation, accompanied with elevation of the cleavage of caspase-3 and caspase-7, and cleaved poly(ADP)ribose polymerase. [Read the Full Post]

Taxol is a mitotic inhibitor used in cancer chemotherapy

2320 views | May 06 2013

Paclitaxel is a mitotic inhibitor used in cancer chemotherapy. It was discovered in a US National Cancer Institute program at the Research Triangle Institute in 1967 when Monroe E. Wall and Mansukh C. Wani isolated it from the bark of the Pacific yew tree, Taxus brevifolia and named it taxol. Later it was discovered that endophytic fungi in the bark synthesize paclitaxel. [Read the Full Post]

LY2484595 is one of two CETP inhibitors currently being evaluated

2334 views | May 02 2013

LY2484595 results in 98.4%, 98.6%, and 18.4% inhibition of CETP activity at 4 hours, 8 hours and 24 hours post dose respectively in human ApoAI and CETP double transgenic mice. [Read the Full Post]

Tubastatin A was substantially more selective than the known HDAC6 inhibitor

3440 views | Apr 28 2013

Tubastatin A is substantially selective for all 11 HDAC isoforms and maintains over 1000-fold selectivity against all isoforms excluding HDAC8, where it has approximately 57-fold selectivity. [Read the Full Post]

SP600125 is supplied as a lyophilized powder

2823 views | Apr 26 2013

SP600125 is originally characterized as a selective ATP-competitive inhibitor of c-Jun N-terminal kinase JNK. In Jurkat T cells, SP600125 inhibits the phosphorylation of c-Jun with IC50 of 5 μM to 10 μM. [Read the Full Post]

Nilotinib was approved as Tasigna in the America

2759 views | Apr 24 2013

Nilotinib inhibits proliferation, migration, and actin filament formation, as well as the expression of α-SMA and collagen in activated HSCs. Nilotinib induces apoptosis of HSCs, which is correlated with reduced bcl-2 expression, increases p53 expression, cleavage of PARP, as well as increases expression of PPARγ and TRAIL-R. Nilotinib also induces cell cycle arrest, accompanied by increased expression of p27 and downregulation of cyclin D1. [Read the Full Post]

MG132 is a specific potent reversible and cell permeable proteasome inhibitor

3130 views | Apr 22 2013

MG-132 displays >1000 times more activity than ZLLal in inhibiting the ZLLL-MCA-degrading activity of 20S proteasome with IC50 of 100 nM versus 110 μM. MG-132 also inhibits calpain with IC50 of 1.2 μM. MG-132 induces neurite outgrowth in PC12 cells at an optimal concentration of 20 nM. [Read the Full Post]

MDV3100 was found clinically active for metastatic

2519 views | Apr 18 2013

MDV3100 is an androgen receptor antagonist drug developed by the pharmaceutical company Medivation for the treatment of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. [Read the Full Post]

IOX2 is a potent inhibitor of HIF1with IC50 of 21 nM

3957 views | Apr 16 2013

IOX2 potently inhibits PHD2 (IC50 of 21 nM) with over 100-fold selectivity compared to inhibition of JMJD2A, JMJD2C, JMJD2E, JMJD3, or the 2OG oxygenase FIH (IC50s <100 μM). IOX2 is active in cells, inhibiting HIF-1α hydroxylation in RCC4 cells at 50 μM. [Read the Full Post]

PD98059 is a potent and selective inhibitor of MAP kinase

1980 views | Apr 10 2013

PD98059 inhibits either basal MEK1 or a partially activated MEK produced by mutation of serine at residues 218 and 222 to glutamate (MEK-2E) with IC50 of 2 μM. PD98059 does not inhibit the MAPK homologues JNK and P38. PD98059 is highly selective against MEK, as it does not inhibit a number of other kinase activities including Raf kinase, cAMP-dependent kinase, protein kinase C, v-Src, epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor kinase, insulin receptor kinase, PDGF receptor kinase, and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase. [Read the Full Post]

Sunitinib inhibits cellular signaling by targeting multiple receptor tyrosine kinases

2640 views | Apr 08 2013

These include all receptors for platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF-Rs) and vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFRs), which play a role in both tumor angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation. [Read the Full Post]

Quizartinib is currently under development for the treatment of acute myeloid leukaemia

3738 views | Apr 03 2013

Quizartinib (AC220) is a small molecule receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor that is currently under development for the treatment of acute myeloid leukaemia. Its molecular target is FLT3, also known as CD135 which is a proto-oncogene. [Read the Full Post]

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