Blog of Signaling Pathways

Activity of the Hsp90 inhibitor luminespib among non-small-cell lung cancers harboring EGFR exon 20 insertions

683 views | Dec 18 2019

Piotrowska Z et al.showed that this study met its primary end point, suggesting that luminespib may be an active therapy for advanced NSCLC patients with EGFR ins20. Luminespib is generally well-tolerated, though reversible low-grade ocular toxicity is common. Further study of luminespib and other hsp90 inhibitors in this population is warranted. [Read the Full Post]

miR-193b-Regulated Signaling Networks Serve as Tumor Suppressors in Liposarcoma and Promote Adipogenesis in Adipose-Derived Stem Cells

562 views | Dec 16 2019

Mazzu YZ et al. indicated that miR-193b not only functions as a tumor suppressor in liposarcoma but also promotes adipogenesis in ASC. Furthermore, this study reveals key tyrosine kinase and DNA methylation pathways in liposarcoma, some with immediate implications for therapeutic exploration. [Read the Full Post]

Histological effects of givinostat in boys with Duchenne muscular dystrophy

645 views | Dec 16 2019

Bettica P et al. showed that treatment with Givinostat for more than 1 year significantly counteracted histological disease progression in ambulant DMD boys aged 7 to 10 years. [Read the Full Post]

First-in-Human Phase I Study of GSK2126458, an Oral Pan-Class I Phosphatidylinositol-3-Kinase Inhibitor, in Patients with Advanced Solid Tumor Malignancies

308 views | Dec 15 2019

Munster P et al. indicated although the MTD of GSK458 was 2.5 mg once daily, twice-daily dosing may increase duration of target inhibition. Fasting insulin and glucose levels served as pharmacodynamic markers of drug exposure. Select patients achieved durable responses; however,PIK3CAmutations were neither necessary nor predictive of response. Combination treatment strategies and novel biomarkers may be needed to optimally target PI3K. [Read the Full Post]

One Hundred Faces of Cyclopamine

495 views | Dec 15 2019

Iovine V et al. indicated that the aim of the present work is to review the main synthetic strategies to cyclopamine and its derivatives, with particular emphasis on the challenging chemical modifications aimed at improving the biological activity of the molecule. [Read the Full Post]

Quizartinib (AC220) reverses ABCG2-mediated multidrug resistance: In vitro and in vivo studies

0 views | Dec 14 2019

Li J et al. demonstrated that quizartinib potentiates the antineoplastic activity of wild-type and R482T mutant ABCG2 substrates. These findings may be useful in clinical practice for cancer combination therapy with quizartinib. [Read the Full Post]

A randomized, open-label study of the efficacy and safety of AZD4547 monotherapy versus paclitaxel for the treatment of advanced gastric adenocarcinoma with FGFR2 polysomy or gene amplification

0 views | Dec 14 2019

Van Cutsem E et al. showed that AZD4547 did not significantly improve PFS versus paclitaxel in gastric cancer FGFR2 amplification/polysomy patients. Considerable intratumor heterogeneity for FGFR2 gene amplification and poor concordance between FGFR2 amplification/polysomy and FGFR2 expression indicates the need for alternative predictive biomarker testing. AZD4547 was generally well tolerated. [Read the Full Post]

CDK5 Inhibitor Downregulates Mcl-1 and Sensitizes Pancreatic Cancer Cell Lines to Navitoclax

321 views | Dec 13 2019

Kour S et al. reported the discovery of an aminopyrazole, 2-([1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)-N-(5-cyclobutyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)acetamide (analog 24), which selectively inhibited cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) 5 over CDK2 in cancer cell lines. [Read the Full Post]

Reactive oxygen species generation and increase in mitochondrial copy number: new insight into the potential mechanism of cytotoxicity induced by aurora kinase inhibitor, AZD1152-HQPA

494 views | Dec 13 2019

Zekri A et al. showed a functional relationship between the aurora kinase inhibition, an increase in mitochondrial copy number, and ROS generation in therapeutic modalities of cancer. This study suggests that the excessive ROS generation may be a novel mechanism of cytotoxicity induced by the aurora kinase inhibitor, AZD1152-HQPA. [Read the Full Post]

PI3K inhibition reduces murine and human liver fibrogenesis in precision-cut liver slices

316 views | Dec 12 2019

Gore E et al. showed that omipalisib has antifibrotic properties in ex vivo mouse and human liver PCTS, but higher concentrations showed toxicity in jejunum PCTS. While the PI3K/mTOR pathway appears to be a promising target for the treatment of liver fibrosis, PCTS revealed likely side effects in the intestine at higher doses. [Read the Full Post]

Exploration of a potent PI3 kinase/mTOR inhibitor as a novel anti-fibrotic agent in IPF

412 views | Dec 12 2019

Mercer PF et al. indicated the data define PI3K as a promising therapeutic target in IPF and provide a scientific and dosing framework for progressing GSK2126458 to clinical testing in this disease setting. A proof-of-mechanism trial of this agent is currently underway. [Read the Full Post]

LKB1 deficiency renders non-small-cell lung cancer cells sensitive to ERK inhibitors.: ERK inhibitors in LKB1 mutated NSCLC

435 views | Dec 11 2019

Caiola E et al. showed that ERK inhibitors are effective in LKB1 and LKB1/KRAS mutated tumors, thus offering a therapeutic strategy for this prognostically unfavorable subgroup of patients. Since ERK inhibitors are already in clinical development, our findings could be easily translatable to the clinic. Importantly, the lack of effect in cells expressing wild-type LKB1, predicts that treatment of LKB1 mutated tumors with ERK inhibitors should have a favorable toxicity profile. [Read the Full Post]

In Silico Screening Reveals Histone Deacetylase 7 and ERK1/2 as Potential Targets for Artemisinin Dimer and Artemisinin Dimer Hemisuccinate

427 views | Dec 11 2019

Ishola AA et al. suggested that artemisinin dimer and artemisinin dimer hemisuccinate could be promising anticancer drug agents, with better therapeutic efficacy than ulixertinib and apicidin in the treatment of cancer via inhibition of HDAC7, ERK1 and ERK2. [Read the Full Post]

Targeting mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation eradicates therapy-resistant chronic myeloid leukemia stem cells

950 views | Dec 10 2019

Kuntz EM et al. provided a strong rationale for investigation of the use of TKIs in combination with tigecycline to treat patients with CML with minimal residual disease. [Read the Full Post]

Raloxifene inhibits adipose tissue inflammation and adipogenesis through Wnt regulation in ovariectomized rats and 3 T3-L1 cells

491 views | Dec 10 2019

Shen HH et al. showed that distinct activation of canonical β-catenin on inhibition of adipogenesis and non-canonical SFRP5 on suppression of WAT inflammation may contribute to the beneficial effects of RAL. Therefore, this study provides a rationale for the therapeutic potential of RAL for postmenopausal obesity. [Read the Full Post]

Effect of A-769662, a direct AMPK activator, on Tlr-4 expression and activity in mice heart tissue

658 views | Dec 09 2019

Rameshrad M et al. demonstrated that activation of AMPK, by A-769662 agent, could inhibit Tlr-4 expression and activity, suggesting a link between AMPK and Tlr-4 in heart tissue. [Read the Full Post]

Fludarabine-PET in a murine model of multiple myeloma

921 views | Dec 08 2019

Hovhannisyan N et al. suggested that [18F]fludarabine-PET might represent an alternative and perhaps more specific modality for MM imaging when compared to [18F]FDG. Nevertheless, more investigations are required to extend this conclusion to humans. [Read the Full Post]

A natural compound, aristoyagonine, is identified as a potent bromodomain inhibitor by mid-throughput screening

0 views | Dec 08 2019

Kim YH et al. tested Brd4 inhibitors in gastric cancer cell lines, and found that aristoyagonine exerted cytotoxicity not only in I-BET-762-sensitive cancer cells, but also in I-BET-762-resistant cancer cells. This is the first paper to describe a natural compound as a Brd4 bromodomain inhibitor. [Read the Full Post]

JNK-IN-8, a c-Jun N-terminal kinase inhibitor, improves functional recovery through suppressing neuroinflammation in ischemic stroke

591 views | Dec 08 2019

Zheng J et al. demonstrated that JNK-IN-8 inhibits neuroinflammation and improved neurological function by inhibiting JNK/NF-κB and is a promising agent for the prevention of ischemic brain injury. [Read the Full Post]

Inhibitory Activities of Blasticidin S Derivatives on Aflatoxin Production by Aspergillus Flavus

0 views | Dec 06 2019

Yoshinari T et al. indicated that the inhibitory activity of BcS against aflatoxin production was enhanced by esterification of its carboxyl group and that the carboxymethyl ester derivative might be more suitable for practical use than BcS because of the specificity of the carboxymethyl ester derivative, which inhibited aflatoxin production more than BcS. [Read the Full Post]