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12-O-Methylcarnosic acid (12-Methoxycarnosic acid), a diterpene carnosic acid isolated from the acetone extract of <i>Salvia microphylla</i>, is an active constituent of 5α-reductase inhibition with an IC⁵⁰ value of 61.7 μM. 12-O-Methylcarnosic acid inhibits proliferation in LNCaP cells. 12-O-Methylcarnosic acid has antioxidant, anti-cancer and antimicrobial activity.

2"-O-Galloylhyperin, an active compound isolated from Pyrola incarnate Fisch., possesses anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory activities. 2"-O-Galloylhyperin has hepatoprotective effect against oxidative stress-induced liver damage.

2"-O-beta-L-galactopyranosylorientin is extracted from the flowers of Trollius ledebouri. 2"-O-beta-L-galactopyranosylorientin involves transporter mediated efflux in addition to passive diffusion and is the substrate of multidrug resistance protein 2 (MRP2).

2''-O-Rhamnosylicariside II is a flavonoid glycoside compound and might be beneficial for improving postmenopausal osteoporosis.

2-O-β-D-Glucopyranosyl-L-ascorbic acid (AA-2βG), a bioactive compound isolated from Lycium fruit, is a stable vitamin C analog with anti-tumor activity.

3-O-Acetyl-11-hydroxy-beta-boswellic acid is a potent 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) inhibitor.

4-O-galloylalbiflorin discovered from Paeonia lactiflora Pall, is a potential β-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1) inhibitor.4-O-GA could selectively inhibit the activity of BACE1 with IC50 5.11 ± 0.73 µM.

5-O-Caffeoylshikimic acid can be used in the study for non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

5-Feruloylquinic acid (5-FQA) possesses antioxidative effects and <b>tyrosinase</b> inhibitory activities.

5-O-Methylvisamminol, a (furo) chromone identified in the extract of <i>T. glauca</i>, has a limited occurrence in the plant kingdom. 

6''-O-apiosyl-5-O-Methylvisammioside is one of the components of the traditional Chinese medicine Kang-Jing.

6''-O-Malonylgenistin is an isoflavone derivative.

7-O-Methylmangifer is isolated from the cortexes of <i>Polygala tenuifolia</i>.

8-Oxoepiberberine is an alkaloid metabolite in the plasma after oral administration of Zuojin formula, a traditional chinese medicine used to treat gastrointestinal disease.

O-Acetyl-L-serine (OAS, O-Acetylserine, O-Acetyl-L-serine) hydrochloride (HCl) is an intermediate in the biosynthesis of the amino acid cysteine in bacteria and plants that displays a signalling function leading to changes in transcript levels of a specific gene set irrespective of the sulfur status of the plant.

O-acetylgalanthamine, one of acetylated alkaloids, is reported for the first time as a natural product isolated from <i>Narcissus pseudonarcissus</i> in 1995.

O-Demethylgalanthamine is galanthamine-type alkaloid, which is an acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor.

Obatoclax (GX15-070) is an antagonist of Bcl-2 with an Ki of 0.22 μM in a cell-free assay, can assist in overcoming MCL-1 mediated resistance to apoptosis.

Obestatin(human) is a 23-amino acid amidated peptide that regulates appetite and gastrointestinal motility via its interaction with GPR39. Obestatin(human) can be used for weight loss.

Obestatin(rat), encoded by the Ghrelin gene, is a cpeptide, comprised of 23 amino acids. Obestatin(rat) suppresses food intake, inhibits jejunal contraction, and decreases body-weight gain. Obestatin is an endogenous ligand of G-protein coupled receptor 39 (GPR39). Obestatin(rat) has anti-inflammatory, anti-myocardial infarction and antioxidant activities.

Obtusifoliol is a natural product found in <i>Euphorbia chamaesyce</i> or <i>Euphorbia nicaeensis</i>.

Octahydrocurcumin is a hydrogenated derivatives of curcumin. Octahydrocurcumin can inhibit OKT3-induced PBMC proliferation with IC50 of 82 μM. Octahydrocurcumin has a strong effect on radical scavenging with IC50 values of 12.3 mM.

OJV-VI is isolated from <i>ophiopogonis</i>.

Okanin, the effective constituent of the flower tea Coreopsis tinctoria, attenuates LPS-induced microglial activation through inhibition of the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathways.

Okra fruit extract (Abelmoschus esculentus fruit extract), isolated from the fruits of <i>Abelmoschus esculentus</i>, is used as an alternative treatment because of its various medicinal properties, such as antidiabetic, antioxidant, antiplasmodial, antibacterial, anticancer, analgesic, antidiarrheal, and anti-inflammatory properties.

Olesoxime (TRO19622) is a novel, orally active and CNS-penetrant mitochondrial-targeted neuroprotective compound.

Ombuin, an active ingredient isolated from <i>Zanthoxylum armatum</i>, displays broad spectrum antibacterial effect with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) ranges from 125 to 500 μg/mL.

Omiganan pentahydrochloride is a cidal cationic peptide with a broad antimicrobial spectrum, including yeast.

Ophiopogonin D', isolated from the tubers of <i>Ophiopogon japonicus</i>, is a rare naturally occurring C29 steroidal glycoside, showing cytotoxic activity against two human tumor cell lines MG-63 and SNU387.

Orientin-2''-O-p-trans-coumarate is a flavonoid found in </i>Trigonella foenum-graecum</i>, with potent antioxidant activity.

Oroxyloside inhibits angiogenesis through suppressing internalization of VEGFR2/Flk-1 in endothelial cells. Oroxyloside prevents dextran sulfate sodium-induced experimental colitis in mice by inhibiting NF-κB pathway through PPARγ activation. Oroxyloside ameliorates acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity by inhibiting JNK related apoptosis and necroptosis.

Osmundacetone ((E)-Osmundacetone) significantly suppresses the phosphorylation of MAPKs, including JNK, ERK, and p38 kinases. Osmundacetone has a neuroprotective effect against oxidative stress.

Oxyimperatorin ((±)-Heraclenin) is a coumarin isolated from Angelica dahurica.

Oyster peptide is derived from oyster meat by modern bio-enzymatic hydrolysis technology, and further separation, purification, deodorization and spray drying process.