NF-κB

Signaling Pathway Map

Research Area

Inhibitory Selectivity

NF-κB Products

Catalog No.	Information	Product Use Citations	Product Validations
S1013	Bortezomib (PS-341) Bortezomib (PS-341, LDP-341, MLM341) is a potent 20S proteasome inhibitor with K_i of 0.6 nM. It exhibits favorable selectivity towards tumor cells over normal cells. Bortezomib (PS-341) inhibits NF-κB and induces ERK phosphorylation to suppress cathepsin B and inhibit the catalytic process of autophagy in ovarian cancer and other solid tumors.	Cell Stem Cell, 2020, 7;26(5):755-765 e7 Cancer Cell, 2020, 37(3):371-386 Blood, 2020, 18 pii: blood	Effect of different proteasome inhibitors on dysferlin expression and on membrane resealing in cultured primary myoblasts. Primary myoblasts from patient 2 harboring a homozygous Arg555Trp DYSF mutation that were treated with the indicated amounts of bortezomib for 24 hours. Western blots of protein extracts were stained with anti-dysferlin antibodies and with anti–a-tubulin antibody as loading control.
S2824	TPCA-1 TPCA-1 is an inhibitor of IKK-2 with IC50 of 17.9 nM in a cell-free assay, inhibits NF-κB pathway, exhibits 22-fold selectivity over IKK-1. TPCA-1 is also an inhibitor of STAT3 and enhances apoptosis.	Cell Death Dis, 2020, 24;11(4):282 Cells, 2020, 9(2) Eur J Pharmacol, 2020, 873:172981	AGS cells were treated with cwith IL-1β in the presence of the IKK inhibitor TPCA-1, the p38 MAPK inhibitor BIX02188 and the JNK inhibitor SP600125. Cell lysates were obtained 24 h after IL-1β treatment and immunoblotted with PTEN antibodies.
S4902	QNZ (EVP4593) QNZ (EVP4593) shows potent inhibitory activity toward both NF-κB activation and TNF-α production with IC50 of 11 nM and 7 nM in Jurkat T cells, respectively.	J Immunol, 2020, 20 pii: ji1901089 Int J Mol Sci, 2020, 16;21(10):E3527 J Biol Chem, 2020, 10.1074/jbc.RA119.010734	TE7 cells (2 × 10⁵) were pretreated with PD98059 (20 μM), QNZ (EVP4593; 20 μM), AZD5363 (20 μM), S1155 (20 μM) and Tra (40 ng/ml) for 1 h and stimulated with IL6 (40 ng/ml) for 48 h.
S1623	Acetylcysteine(N-acetylcysteine) Acetylcysteine(N-acetyl-l-cysteine, NAC) is a ROS(reactive oxygen species) inhibitor that antagonizes the activity of proteasome inhibitors. It is also a tumor necrosis factor production inhibitor. Acetylcysteine(N-acetyl-l-cysteine) suppresses TNF-induced NF-κB activation through inhibition of IκB kinases. Acetylcysteine(N-acetyl-l-cysteine) induces apoptosis via the mitochondria-dependent pathway. Acetylcysteine(N-acetyl-l-cysteine) inhibits ferroptosis and virus replication.Solutions of Acetylcysteine are best fresh-prepared.	Nat Immunol, 2020, 21(7):727-735 Cell Death Differ, 2020, 10.1038/s41418-020-0496-1 J Hazard Mater, 2020, 5;391:122203	(C) Double immunolabeling showed CK-labeled cells (green) co-expressed with 40, 6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) (blue), scale bars are 50 μm.
S1848	Curcumin Curcumin (Diferuloylmethane) is the principal curcuminoid of the popular Indian spice turmeric, which is a member of the ginger family (Zingiberaceae). It is an inhibitor of p300 histone acetylatransferase（IC50~25 μM） and Histone deacetylase (HDAC); activates Nrf2 pathway and supresses the activation of transcription factor NF-κB. Curcumin induces mitophagy, autophagy, apoptosis, and cell cycle arrest with antitumor activity. Curcumin reduces renal damage associated with rhabdomyolysis by decreasing ferroptosis-mediated cell death. Curcumin exhibits anti-infective properties against various human pathogens like the influenza virus, hepatitis C virus, HIV and so on.	Front Microbiol, 2020, 15;10:3016 Protein Sci, 2020, 29(6):1366-1372 Pharm Biol, 2020, 58(1):25-34
S3256^New	Tectochrysin Tectochrysin (Techtochrysin, NSC 80687) is one of the major flavonoids of Alpinia oxyphylla Miquel. Tectochrysin significantly increases the expression of DR3, DR4 and Fas and inhibits activity of NF-κB. Tectochrysin induces apoptotic cell death.
S3261^New	Myrislignan Myrislignan, a lignan isolated from Myristica fragrans Houtt, possesses anti-inflammatory activities. Myrislignan inhibits interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). Myrislignan significantly inhibits the expressions of inducible NO synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) dose-dependently in LPS-stimulated macrophage cells. Myrislignan inhibits the NF-κB signalling pathway activation.
S3299^New	Demethyleneberberine Demethyleneberberine (DMB), a component of Cortex Phellodendri Chinensis (CPC), significantly alleviates the weight loss and diminishes myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, while significantly reduces the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin (IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and inhibits the activation of NF-κB signaling pathway. Demethyleneberberine (DMB) potentially ameliorates NAFLD (Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease) by activating AMPK pathways.
S3293^New	Gardenoside Gardenoside is a natural compound extracted from Gardenia fruits, with hepatoprotective properties. Gardenoside inhibits TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and NFκB activation. Gardenoside also has an inhibitory effect on free fatty acids (FFA)-induced cellular steatosis. Gardenoside suppresses the pain in rats model of chronic constriction injury by regulating the P2X3 and P2X7 receptors.
S0949^New	Cucurbitacin IIb Cucurbitacin IIb (CuIIb, Dihydrocucurbitacin F, 25-deacetyl hemslecin A) inhibits phosphorylation of STAT3, JNK and Erk1/2, enhances the phosphorylation of IκB and NF-κB, blocks nuclear translocation of NF-κB and decreases mRNA levels of IκBα and TNF-α. Cucurbitacin IIb exhibits anti-inflammatory activity and induces apoptosis. Cucurbitacin IIb is isolated from Hemsleya amabilis.
S8587^New	Withaferin A Withaferin A potently inhibits NF-κB activation by preventing the tumor necrosis factor-induced activation of IκB kinase β via a thioalkylation-sensitive redox mechanism. Withaferin A binds to the intermediate filament (IF) protein, vimentin with antitumor and antiangiogenesis activity. Withaferin A is a steroidal lactone isolated from Withania somnifera.
S0507^New	CBL0137 CBL0137 is an inhibitor of the histone chaperone FACT (facilitates chromatin transcription) that simultaneously suppresses NF-κB and activates p53 with EC50 of 0.47 μM and 0.37 μM, respectively.	Cells, 2020, 9(6):1423
S6671^New	SN50 SN50, a cell-permeable NF-κB inhibitory peptide, is composed of the signal peptide of Kaposi fibroblast growth factor.SN50 inhibits the activation of NF-κB and attenuates ventilator-induced lung injury.
S8941^New	NIK SMI1 NIK SMI1 is a highly potent and selective NF-κB-inducing kinase (NIK) inhibitor with Ki of 0.23 nM for NIK-catalyzed hydrolysis of ATP to ADP.
S6714^New	INH14 INH14 is an inhibitor of TLR2-mediated NF-kB activation with IC50 values of 8.975 μM and 3.598 μM for IKKα and IKKβ, respectively.
S4073	Sodium 4-Aminosalicylate Sodium 4-Aminosalicylate is an antibiotic used to treat tuberculosis via NF-κB inhibition and free radical scavenging.	In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim, 2019, 55(5):368-375 PLoS One, 2016, 11(3):e0149754	A. Raw264.7 cells were pretreated with NAC (1 mM), SB202190 (10 μM) and Sodium 4-aminosalicylate (10 μM), respectively, for 30 min prior to 10 μg/ml ConA treatment for 24 h. Cell viability was measured by an MTT assay and ROS production detected by H2DCF-DA.
S7351	JSH-23 JSH-23 is an inhibitor of NF-κB transcriptional activity with IC50 of 7.1 μM in RAW 264.7 cell line.	Nat Commun, 2020, 11;11(1):2345 Mol Neurodegener, 2020, 15;15(1):26 Oncogene, 2020, 39(18):3754-3773	CD10+GPR77+ CAFs were transduced without (-) or with GFP-shRNA or p65 shRNA or pretreated with inhibitors of NF-kB nuclear translocation. Quantitation of the percentage of CD10+GPR77+ CAFs (D) and the IL-6 and IL-8 levels (E) were shown.
S1576	Sulfasalazine Sulfasalazine (Azulfidine, Salazopyrin, Sulphasalazine) is a sulfa derivative of mesalazine, used as an anti-inflammatory agent to treat bowel disease and rheumatoid arthritis. Sulfasalazine is a potent and specific inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), TGF-β and COX-2. Sulfasalazine induces ferroptosis, apoptosis and autophagy.	PLoS Pathog, 2020, 16;16(3):e1008341 Platelets, 2019, 10.1080/09537104.2019.1609665
S7414	Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester Caffeic acid phenethyl ester is a potent and specific inhibitor of NF-κB activation, and also displays antioxidant, immunomodulatory and antiinflammatory activities.	Theranostics, 2020, 27;10(13):5687-5703 Hum Reprod, 2020, deaa118 Int J Oncol, 2020, 57(1):161-170	The protein expression alteration of p-NF-κB, NF-κB, PD-L1 in NP-69-LMP1 or NP-69 cell lines treated with 0, 0.5, and 1.0 μM Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester (CAPE) for 72 hours. β-actin was used to verify equal loading.
S3137	Sodium salicylate Sodium salicylate is used in medicine as an analgesic and antipyretic.	Theranostics, 2020, 10(17):7747-7757
S3939	4'-Methoxyresveratrol 4-Methoxyresveratrol is a stibenoid found in the Chinese herb Gnetum cleistostachyum. 4'-Methoxyresveratrol alleviates AGE-induced inflammation through suppressing RAGE-mediated MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathway and NLRP3 inflammasome activation.
S4798	Benfotiamine Benfotiamine (S-Benzoylthiamine O-monophosphate) is a synthetic S-acyl derivative of thiamine (vitamin B1) and has been investigated for the treatment and prevention of Diabetic Nephropathy and Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2. Benfotiamine suppresses oxidative stress-induced NF-κB activation and prevents the bacterial endotoxin-induced inflammation.
S8279	Shikonin Shikonin, a potent and specific Pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) inhibitor, is a major component of zicao (purple gromwell, the dried root of Lithospermum erythrorhizon), a Chinese herbal medicine with various biological activities. It is also an inhibitor of TMEM16A chloride channel activity using cell-based fluorescent-quenching assay. Shikonin exerts an anti-inflammatory effect by inhibiting tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and prevents activation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway via proteasome inhibition.	Front Pharmacol, 2020, 11:861 Phytomedicine, 2020, 68:153189 Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai), 2020, 52(1):9-17
S7672	Omaveloxolone (RTA-408) Omaveloxolone (RTA-408) is a synthetic triterpenoid that activates the cytoprotective transcription factor Nrf2 and inhibits NF-κB signaling. Phase 2.	Int J Neurosci, 2020, 7:1-16 Biochem Pharmacol, 2019, 170:113642
S3998	(+)-α-Lipoic acid R(+)-α-lipoic acid, a physiological form of thioctic acid, is a strong antioxidant that relieves diabetic neuropathic symptoms. It shows superior antioxidative effects to its racemate. α-Lipoic Acid is an antioxidant, which is an essential cofactor of mitochondrial enzyme complexes. α-Lipoic Acid inhibits NF-κB-dependent HIV-1 LTR activation.
S5144	Neferine Neferine ((R)-1,2-Dimethoxyaporphine), a natural component of Nelumbo nucifera, has antitumor efficiency. Neferine induces apoptosis in renal cancer cells. Neferine prevents autophagy through activation of Akt/mTOR pathway and Nrf2 in muscle cells. Neferine induces autophagy-dependent cell death in apoptosis-resistant cancers. Neferine possesses a number of therapeutic effects such as anti-diabetic, anti-aging, anti-microbial, anti-thrombotic, anti-arrhythmic, anti-inflammatory and even anti-HIV.	Oncol Rep, 2020, 44(3):1116-1126
S9208	Ginsenoside Rb3 Ginsenoside Rb3, extracted from the plant Panax ginseng, plays important roles in cardiovascular diseases, including myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. Ginsenoside Rb3 (0.1-10 μM) is tested for inhibition of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF)-induced nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) luciferase reporter activity using a human kidney 293T cell-based assay. Ginsenoside Rb3 shows the significant activity with an IC50 of 8.2 μM. Ginsenoside Rb3 also inhibits the induction of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) messenger Ribonucleic acid (mRNA) in a dose-dependent manner after HepG2 cells have been treated with TNF-α (10 ng/mL).
S3633	Pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate ammonium Ammonium pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC) is a potent nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) inhibitor that inhibits IκB phosphorylation, blocks NF-κB translocation to the nucleus and reduces the expression of downstream cytokines.	Nat Commun, 2020, 2;11(1):1146 Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, 2020, 40(3):751-765 Immunology, 2020, 159(3):309-321
S3816	Dehydroevodiamine Dehydroevodiamine (DHED), a constituent of Evodia rutaecarpa, has various biological effects such as hypotensive, negative chronotropic, ion channel depressant, inhibition of nitric oxide production and cerebral blood flow enhancing activities. Dehydroevodiamine inhibits LPS-induced iNOS, COX-2, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) expression in murine macrophage cells.
S9244	8-O-acetyl shanzhiside methyl ester 8-O-acetyl shanzhiside methyl ester, isolated from the leaves of Lamiophlomis rotata Kudo, promotes angiogenesis, which leads to the improvement of functional outcome after stroke.8-O-Acetyl shanzhiside methyl ester can inhibts NF-κB
S8642	GSK'963 GSK'963 is a chiral small-molecule inhibitor of RIP1 kinase (RIPK1) with an IC50 of 29 nM in FP binding assays. It is >10 000-fold selective for RIP1 over 339 other kinases.
S2261	Andrographolide Andrographolide is a labdane diterpenoid that is the main bioactive component of the medicinal plant Andrographis paniculata.	Int J Oncol, 2020, 56(6):1417-1428 Eur J Pharmacol, 2020, 873:172981 ACS Omega, 2020, 5(26):15911-15921
S2382	Evodiamine Evodiamine (Isoevodiamine), an alkaloid extract from the fruit of Evodiae Fructus exhibits antitumor activities against the human tumor cells. It is shown to inhibit NF-kB activation through suppression of IkB kinase activity.	Life Sci, 2020, 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117424 Anticancer Drugs, 2019, 30(6):611-617 Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 2018, 498(3):481-486	Evodiamine ameliorates PDGF‑BB‑induced oxidative stress in VSMCs. VSMCs were pretreated with 0.1 or 0.5 μM evodiamine for 24 h, and then stimulated with 10 ng/ml PDGF‑BB for 1 h. (A) ROS detection using 2' 7' dichlorofluorescin diacetate staining. Magnification, x200. (B) Quantitative data of five independent experiments, expressed as the fold increase, compared with the control. (C‑F) mRNA expression levels of antioxidant genes were assessed using reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis. Data are presented as the mean+ standard deviation of three independent experiments. P<0.05 and *P<0.01, compared with the control group; ##P<0.01, compared with the PDGF‑BB‑stimulated group. Evo, evodiamine; PDGF‑BB, platelet‑derived growth factor‑BB; VSMCs, vascular smooth muscle cells; ROS, reactive oxygen species; HO‑1, heme oxygenase‑1; GPx‑1, glutathione peroxidase 1; SOD, superoxide dismutase.
S5771	sulforaphane Sulforaphane is a naturally occurring isothiocyanate derived from the consumption of cruciferous vegetables, such as broccoli, cabbage, and kale. It is an inducer of Nrf2. Sulforaphane is also an inhibitor of histone deacetylase (HDAC) and NF-κB. Sulforaphane increases heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and reduces the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Sulforaphane induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis.	Int Immunopharmacol, 2019, 74:105646
S4937	4'-Hydroxychalcone 4'-Hydroxychalcone, found in herbs and spices and tea, is a member of the class of compounds known as retrochalcones. It has diverse biological activities, inhibiting TNFα-induced NF-κB pathway activation in a dose-dependent manner and activating BMP signaling.
S9295	Dauricine Dauricine, a plant metabolite isolated from the Asian vine Menispermum dauricum, plays a variety of biological roles in the human body, from inhibiting cancer cell growth to blocking cardiac transmembrane Na+, K+, and Ca2+ ion currents.Dauricine induces apoptosis, inhibits proliferation and invasion through inhibiting NF‐κB signaling pathway in colon cancer cells.
S5343	Vanillic acid Vanillic acid (4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzoic acid) is a flavoring agent which is also an intermediate in the production of vanillin from ferulic acid. Vanillic acid inhibits NF-κB activation. Anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and chemopreventive effects.
S2290	Dihydroartemisinin (DHA) Dihydroartemisinin (DHA) is a semi-synthetic derivative of artemisinin and isolated from the traditional Chinese herb Artemisia annua. Dihydroartemisinin induces autophagy and apoptosis by suppressing NF-κB activation.	ACS Infect Dis, 2020, 10.1021/acsinfecdis.0c00522 Front Aging Neurosci, 2020, 12:47 Ann Transl Med, 2019, 7(22):651	(D) Western Blot analysis of TCTP in cell lysates of MDA cells after 24, 48 and 72 h of exposition to DHA. β-actin was used as loading control.
S9193	Aristolochic acid A Aristolochic acid A is a carcinogenic, mutagenic, and nephrotoxic agent extracted from the flowering plant family Aristolochiaceae.Aristolochic acid A significantly reduces both activator protein 1 (AP-1) and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activities.	Mol Ther Nucleic Acids, 2020, 6;19:1276-1289
S7445	E3330 E3330 is a potent and selective APE1(Ref-1) inhibitor, which suppressed NF-kappa B DNA-binding activity.
S2313	Indole-3-carbinol Indole-3-carbinol is produced by the breakdown of the glucosinolate glucobrassicin, which can be found at relatively high levels in cruciferous vegetables. Indole-3-carbinol suppresses NF-κB and IκBα kinase activation.		CON+ -positive control (with FBS as chemoattractant); CON- - negative control (without chemoattractant); DOX -doxorubicin; WZ -WZ811; PF- PF-573228; * -significant difference compared to positive control: p<0.05; ** -significant difference compared to positive control: p<0.01; # -significant difference between combination and inhibitor only: p<0.05. Cancer cell invasion was analyzed using Transwell membranes assembled in 24-well plates and covered with a layer of Matrigel. COR-L23 cells were treated for 24 h with 50 nM DOX, 10 uM WZ811, 5 uM PF-573228 and combinations of inhibitors with 50 nM DOX. Similarly, RH460 cells were treated for 24 h with 1 uM DOX, 10 uM WZ811, 2.5 uM PF-573228 and combinations of inhibitors with 1 uM DOX. Applied doses were the ones that exerted the most pronounced synergistic effect on cytotoxicity level. After the incubation period, cells that invaded through matrigel and membranes were fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde-PBS and stained with Hoechst 33342 nuclear stain. Cells were visualized and counted under a fluorescent microscope at 10x magnification.
S9040	Maslinic acid Maslinic Acid, a Natural Triterpene, exerts a wide range of biological activities, i.e. antitumor, antidiabetic, antioxidant, cardioprotective, neuroprotective, antiparasitic and growth-stimulating. MA significantly suppresses the DNA-binding activity of NF-κB p65 in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells.
S7273	SC75741 SC75741 is a potent NF-κB inhibitor with EC50 of 200 nM. SC75741 efficiently blocks influenza virus propagation.	J Neurochem, 2020, 10.1111/jnc.14963 J Invest Surg, 2020, 10.1080/08941939.2019.1705941 Elife, 2020, 9:e53367	Immunofluorescence of NF-κB (p65) (200×). SK-OV-3 and A2780S cells were treated with different compounds (vehicle, 5 μM JSH-23, 5 μM SC75741, 5 μM CAPE, 4 μM MIL, 4 μM MIL combined with pre-treated 5 μM JSH-23, 4 μM MIL combined with pre-treated 5 μM SC75741, 4 μM MIL combined with pre-treated 5 μM CAPE) for 48 h. NF-κB(p65) was detected by a fluorescence microscopy. The nuclei were stained with Hoechst 33258.
S3760	Stachydrine hydrochloride Stachydrine is isolated from seed husk and the pulp of the fruit of C. Leonurus, and many other Asian plants and fruits. It has potent anti-metastatic activity and cardioprotective effects. Stachydrine hydrochloride is the major active constituent of Herba Leonuri, which is a potential therapy for cardiovascular diseases. Stachydrine can inhibit the NF-κB signal pathway. Anti-hypertrophic activities.
S3770	Sodium Aescinate Sodium Aescinate (SA, Escin Sodium Salt) is a widely-applied triterpene saponin product derived from horse chestnut seeds, possessing vasoactive and organ-protective activities with oral or injection administration in the clinic. Sodium aescinate is a triterpene saponin derived from Aesculus hippocastanum seeds, with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. Sodium aescinate inhibits hepatocellular carcinoma growth by targeting CARMA3/NF-κB pathway.
S3771	Stachydrine Stachydrine, also known as N,N-dimethylproline or proline betaine, is a quaternary ammonium derivative of proline that occurs widely in Medicago species. It is an osmoprotective compound found in urine. Stachydrine is a major constituent of Chinese herb leonurus heterophyllus sweet used to promote blood circulation and dispel blood stasis. Stachydrine can inhibit the NF-κB signal pathway.	J Cell Mol Med, 2019, 10.1111/jcmm.14551
S3773	Tyrosol Tyrosol is an antioxidant that is naturally present in several foods such as wines and green tea and is present most abundantly in olives. Tyrosol is a derivative of phenethyl alcohol. Tyrosol attenuates pro-inflammatory cytokines from cultured astrocytes and NF-κB activation. Anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects.
S8483	CBL0137 HCl (CBL-0137 HCl) CBL0137 (Curaxin 137) activates p53 and inhibits NF-kB with EC50s of 0.37 μM and 0.47 μM in the cell-based p53 and NF-kB reporter assays, respectively. It also inhibits histone chaperone FACT (facilitates chromatin transcription complex).	Mol Cell, 2020, S1097-2765(20)30193-3 Cells, 2020, 9(6):1423
S9374	2',5'-Dihydroxyacetophenone 2',5'-Dihydroxyacetophenone is a mixture of dihydroxyacetophenone isomers is used in food flavouring. 2',5'-Dihydroxyacetophenone significantly inhibits NO production via the suppression of iNOS expression. 2',5'-Dihydroxyacetophenone significantly decreases levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-6 by blocking the ERK1/2 and NF-κB signaling pathways.
S3871	Muscone Muscone, a flavouring ingredient, is an organic compound that is the primary contributor to the odor of musk and also a potent anti-inflammatory agent. Muscone significantly downregulats the levels of LPS-induced inflammatory cytokines and inhibits NF-κB and NLRP3 inflammasome activation in BMDMs. Muscone remarkably decreases the levels of inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-6).	J Pharm Pharmacol, 2019, 71(11):1706-1713
S9388	(+)-Praeruptorin A Praeruptorin A is a coumarin compound naturally occurring in the roots of Peucedanum praeruptorum Dunn., a commonly used traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of certain respiratory diseases and hypertension. (+)-Praeruptorin A is one of enantiomers that shows more potent relaxant effects than (−)-praeruptorin A in rat aorta rings and may be an activator of eNOS.
S9075	Mulberroside A Mulberroside A, isolated from the ethanol extract of Morus alba roots, is widely employed as an active ingredient in cosmetic products due to its anti-tyrosinase and anti-oxidant activities. Mulberroside A decreases the expressions of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 and inhibits the activation of NALP3, caspase-1 and NF-κB and the phosphorylation of ERK, JNK and p38.
S2321	Magnolol Magnolol (NSC 293099) is a bioactive lignin found in the bark of the Houpu magnolia (Magnolia officinalis) which shows antifungal properties. It can block TNF-α-induced NF-KB activation.	J Chromatogr A, 2020, 1625:461230 Micromachines, 2018, 9(6) Inflamm Res, 2016, 65(1):81-93	Magnolol reduces RNV areas and avascular areas in OIR mice. Mice retinas from OIR group (a, b) and OIR + Magnolol (25 mg/kg) group (c, d) were harvested at P17 and subjected to wholemount immunostaining with IB4 (red), showing neovascular areas (green) and avascular areas (yellow).
S7637	DTP3 DTP3 is a selective GADD45β/MKK7 (growth arrest and DNA-damage-inducible β/mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 7) inhibitor and is able to restore MKK7/JNK activation. DTP3 inhibits cancer-selective NF-κB survival pathway.
S3874	Curcumenol Curcumenol, a sesquiterpene isolated from Curcuma zedoaria, is known to possess a variety of health and medicinal values which includes neuroprotection, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor and hepatoprotective activities. It inhibits NF-κB activation by suppressing the nuclear translocation of the NF-κB p65 subunit and blocking IκBα phosphorylation and degradation.
S1825	Erdosteine Erdosteine is a mucolytic which is used in treatment of excessive viscous mucus. Erdosteine inhibits lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced NF-κB activation.
S3880	Schisantherin A Schisantherin A, also known as Gomisin C, is a dibenzocyclooctadiene that exhibits anti-tussive, sedative, anti-inflammatory, anti-osteoporotic, neuroprotective, cognition enhancing, and cardioprotective activities. Schisantherin A inhibits p65-NF-κB translocation into the nucleus by IκBα degradation.
S8341	TAK-243 (MLN7243) TAK-243 (MLN7243) is a potent, mechanism-based small-molecule inhibitor of the ubiquitin activating enzyme (UAE) with an IC50 of 1 ± 0.2 nM in the UBCH10 E2 thioester assay. It has minimal inhibitory activity in a panel of kinase and receptor assays, as well as on human carbonic anhydrase type I and type II. TAK-243 (MLN7243) induces ER stress, abrogates NFκB pathway activation and promotes apoptosis.	PLoS One, 2020, 15(2):e0229036 Transl Oncol, 2020, 13(11):100834
S9417	Homoplantaginin Homoplantaginin, a main flavonoid from a traditional Chinese medicine Salvia plebeia, has anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties. Homoplantaginin inhibits TNF-α and IL-6 mRNA expression, IKKβ and NF-κB phosphorylation.
S4763	4-Hydroxychalcone 4-Hydroxychalcone (P-Cinnamoylphenol) is a chalcone metabolite with diverse biological activities. It inhibits TNFα-induced NF-κB pathway activation in a dose-dependent manner and also activates BMP signaling.
S9106	Eleutheroside E Eleutheroside E, a principal component of Eleutherococcus senticosus (ES), has anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting NF-κB and protecting against myocardial infarction.
S3808	Mangiferin Mangiferin is a bioactive compound that demonstrates many health perspectives and has been used to prepare medicinal and food supplements. Mangiferin is a Nrf2 activator. Mangiferin suppresses nuclear translocation of the NF-κB subunits p65 and p50.
S5579	Chelidonic acid Chelidonic acid (Jerva acid, Jervaic acid, γ-Pyrone-2,6-dicarboxylic acid) is a secondary metabolite found in several plants with therapeutic potential in allergic disorders in experimental animals. Chelidonic acid inhibits IL-6 production by blocking NF-κB and caspase-1 in HMC-1 cells. Chelidonic acid is also an inhibitor of glutamate decarboxylase with Ki of 1.2 μM.
S2341	(-)-Parthenolide (-)-Parthenolide, an inhibitor of the Nuclear Factor-κB Pathway, specifically depletes HDAC1 protein without affecting other class I/II HDACs; Also promotes the ubiquitination of MDM2 and activates p53 cellular functions.	J Biol Chem, 2020, 295(11):3576-3589 G3 (Bethesda), 2020, 4;10(5):1585-1597 Onco Targets Ther, 2020, 13:7447-7458	G. To evaluate effects of IKBKE/TBK1 inhibition on NF-κB signaling in Ewing, TC32 cells were incubated with CYT387 for six hours prior to stimulation with TNF-α (30 ng/mL). IκBα degradation was measured by harvesting TC32 cells thirty minutes after stimulation with TNF-α. TNF-α stimulation resulted in degradation of IκBα, and this effect was attenuated with CYT387 treatment. Parthenolide, an inhibitor of IκBα phosphorylation was used as a positive control. Similar effects of CYT387 activity were seen in HEK-293T cells which also express IKBKΕ. Nuclear extracts were prepared from TC32 cells harvested following forty-five minutes of TNF-α stimulation. Treatment with CYT387 resulted in decreased nuclear localization of NF-κB family proteins RelA/p65 and c-Rel. There was a modest impairment of p50 nuclear localization as compared to parthenolide and DMSO controls and no change in p52 nuclear localization. RelB (not shown) is not expressed in TC32 cells
S3604	Triptolide (PG490) Triptolide (PG490) is a diterpene triepoxide, immunosuppresive agent extracted from the Chinese herb Tripterygium wilfordii. It functions as a NF-κB inhibitor with dual actions by disruption of p65/CBP interaction and by reduction of p65 protein. Triptolide (PG490) abrogates the transactivation function of heat shock transcription factor 1 (HSF1). Triptolide inhibits MDM2 and induces apoptosis through a p53-independent pathway.	Cell Commun Signal, 2020, 18(1):30 J Cell Physiol, 2020, 4 Front Oncol, 2020, 10;10:331	Spironolactone (sp.) and triptolide inhibit NER in myeloma cells. RPMI8226 cells were incubated with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), spironolactone (10 μm) or triptolide (1 μm) for 6 h before NER evaluation. The figure represents the persistence of DNA-damage signal 150 min after exposure to UV (AFU: arbitrary fluorescent unit). Figure 4a shows representative merged pictures of DAPI and DDB2 proteo-probe signal (b).
S3607	Sarsasapogenin Sarsasapogenin (SAR) is a steroidal sapogenin. It can provoke the generation of reactive oxygen species and activate unfolded protein response (UPR) signaling pathways. SAR potently inhibits NF-κB and MAPK activation, as well as IRAK1, TAK1, and IκBα phosphorylation in LPS-stimulated macrophages.
S3811	Ginsenoside Re Ginsenoside Re (Ginsenoside B2), an extract from Panax notoginseng, is a major ginsenoside in ginseng and belongs to 20(S)-protopanaxatriol group. It has diverse in vitro and in vivo effects, including vasorelaxant, antioxidant, antihyperlipidemic, and angiogenic actions. Ginsenoside Re decreases the β-amyloid protein (Aβ). Ginsenoside Re plays a role in antiinflammation through inhibition of JNK and NF-κB.
S3138	Methylthiouracil Methylthiouracil (NSC-193526, NSC-9378) is an antithyroid agent. Methylthiouracil suppresses the production TNF-α and IL-6, and the activation of NF-κB and ERK1/2.
S3899	Hederagenin Hederagenin (Caulosapogenin, Hederagenol, Hederagenic acid, Astrantiagenin E) is a highly water insoluble triterpenoid compound that can be found in various plants including Hedera helix and Chenopodium quinoa. It exhibits a variety of biological activities, including potent antitumor properties both in vitro and in vivo.
S9502	Madecassic acid Madecassic acid, a natural triterpene first isolated from C. asiatica, has diverse anti-inflammatory and anti-diabetic effects, blocking NF-κB activation in macrophages and causing by iNOS, COX-2, TNF-alpha, IL-1beta and IL-6 inhibition.
S5453	Hyperoside Hyperoside (Hyperin, Quercetin 3-galactoside), a naturally occuring flavonoid compound, exerts multiple bioactivities, including myocardial protection, anti-redox, and anti-inflammatory activities.Hyperoside can inhibit activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway.	Anticancer Res, 2018, 38(4):2161-2167
S3867	(E)-Cardamonin (E)-Cardamonin (Alpinetin chalcone, cardamomin) is a naturally occurring chalcone with strong anti-inflammatory activity. It is a novel TRPA1 antagonist with IC50 of 454 nM and also a NF-kB inhibitor.
S3872	Guaiacol Guaiacol (O-methoxyphenol, 2-hydroxyanisole, O-methylcatechol) is a phenolic natural product first isolated from Guaiac resin and the oxidation of lignin. It is a precursor to various flavorants, such as eugenoland vanillin. Guaiacol, a phenolic compound isolated from Guaiac resin, inhibits LPS-stimulated COX-2 expression and NF-κB activation. Anti-inflammatory activity.
S4712	Diethylmaleate Diethylmaleate (Diethyl ester, Maleic acid diethyl ester) is the diethyl ester of maleic acid and a glutathione-depleting compound that inhibits NF-kB.
S9170	Engeletin Engeletin, a bioactive flavonoid, has multiple biological activities such as anti-diabetic and anti-inflammatory effects. engeletin againsts LPS-stimulated endometritis in mice via negative regulation of pro-inflammatory mediators via the TLR4-regulated NF-κB pathway.	Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 2020, 526(2):497-504
S3923	Ginsenoside Rg1 Ginsenoside Rg1, one of the major active components of ginseng, is identified as a protopanaxatriol-type and has pharmacological actions such as neuroprotective and anti-tumor effects on various cancer types. Ginsenoside Rg1 reduces cerebral Aβ levels and NF-κB nuclear translocation.
S3924	Ginsenoside Rb1 Ginsenoside Rb1 (Gypenoside Ⅲ) is a protopanaxadiol that has diverse in vitro and in vivo effects, including neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, and anti-obesity actions. Ginsenoside Rb1, a main constituent of the root of Panax ginseng, inhibits Na+, K+-ATPase activity with an IC50 of 6.3±1.0 μM. Ginsenoside also inhibits IRAK-1 activation and phosphorylation of NF-κB p65.
S3603	Betulinic acid Betulinic acid (ALS-357), a pentacyclic triterpenoid from Syzigium claviflorum, is a inhibitor of HIV-1 with EC50 of 1.4 μ M. Betulinic acid acts as a new activator of NF-kB.Phase 1/2.	Eur J Pharmacol, 2020, 873:172981 Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai), 2020, 10.1093/abbs/gmz148 Ann N Y Acad Sci, 2020, 1467(1):77-93
S3298^New	Caulophylline (N-Methylcytisine) Caulophylline (N-Methylcytisine, Caulophyllin, NMC) is a tricyclic quinolizidine alkaloid with anti-inflammatory activities. Caulophylline binds to nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChR) from squid optical ganglia with Kd of 50 nM. Caulophylline significantly reduces myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, blocks the activation of NF-κB by inhibiting IκB and IKK phosphorylation.
S5804	N-Acetylcysteine amide N-acetylcysteine amide is a membrane penetrating antioxidant with anti-inflamatory activity through regulation of activation of NF-κB and HIF-1α as well as modulation of ROS.	Int J Biochem Cell Biol, 2020, 121:105703 Pancreatology, 2019, 19(2):258-265 Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 2019, 508(4):1271-1278
S9184	Forsythoside B Forsythoside B is a phenylethanoid glycoside isolated from the leaves of Lamiophlomis rotata Kudo, a Chinese folk medicinal plant. Forsythoside B has potent neuroprotective effects and has anti-inflammation, antioxidant, and antisepsis properties. Forsythoside B could inhibit TNF-alpha, IL-6, IκB and modulate NF-κB.
S2371	Vanillylacetone Vanillylacetone (NSC 15335) is similar in chemical structure to other flavor chemicals such as vanillin and eugenol and is used as a flavor additive in spice oils and in perfumery to introduce spicy aromas. Vanillylacetone (Zingerone) alleviates oxidative stress and inflammation, down-regulates NF-κB mediated signaling pathways. Zingerone acts as an anti-mitotic agent, and inhibits the growth of neuroblastoma cells.

Catalog No.	Information	Product Use Citations	Product Validations
S1013	Bortezomib (PS-341) Bortezomib (PS-341, LDP-341, MLM341) is a potent 20S proteasome inhibitor with K_i of 0.6 nM. It exhibits favorable selectivity towards tumor cells over normal cells. Bortezomib (PS-341) inhibits NF-κB and induces ERK phosphorylation to suppress cathepsin B and inhibit the catalytic process of autophagy in ovarian cancer and other solid tumors.	Cell Stem Cell, 2020, 7;26(5):755-765 e7 Cancer Cell, 2020, 37(3):371-386 Blood, 2020, 18 pii: blood	Effect of different proteasome inhibitors on dysferlin expression and on membrane resealing in cultured primary myoblasts. Primary myoblasts from patient 2 harboring a homozygous Arg555Trp DYSF mutation that were treated with the indicated amounts of bortezomib for 24 hours. Western blots of protein extracts were stained with anti-dysferlin antibodies and with anti–a-tubulin antibody as loading control.
S2824	TPCA-1 TPCA-1 is an inhibitor of IKK-2 with IC50 of 17.9 nM in a cell-free assay, inhibits NF-κB pathway, exhibits 22-fold selectivity over IKK-1. TPCA-1 is also an inhibitor of STAT3 and enhances apoptosis.	Cell Death Dis, 2020, 24;11(4):282 Cells, 2020, 9(2) Eur J Pharmacol, 2020, 873:172981	AGS cells were treated with cwith IL-1β in the presence of the IKK inhibitor TPCA-1, the p38 MAPK inhibitor BIX02188 and the JNK inhibitor SP600125. Cell lysates were obtained 24 h after IL-1β treatment and immunoblotted with PTEN antibodies.
S4902	QNZ (EVP4593) QNZ (EVP4593) shows potent inhibitory activity toward both NF-κB activation and TNF-α production with IC50 of 11 nM and 7 nM in Jurkat T cells, respectively.	J Immunol, 2020, 20 pii: ji1901089 Int J Mol Sci, 2020, 16;21(10):E3527 J Biol Chem, 2020, 10.1074/jbc.RA119.010734	TE7 cells (2 × 10⁵) were pretreated with PD98059 (20 μM), QNZ (EVP4593; 20 μM), AZD5363 (20 μM), S1155 (20 μM) and Tra (40 ng/ml) for 1 h and stimulated with IL6 (40 ng/ml) for 48 h.
S1623	Acetylcysteine(N-acetylcysteine) Acetylcysteine(N-acetyl-l-cysteine, NAC) is a ROS(reactive oxygen species) inhibitor that antagonizes the activity of proteasome inhibitors. It is also a tumor necrosis factor production inhibitor. Acetylcysteine(N-acetyl-l-cysteine) suppresses TNF-induced NF-κB activation through inhibition of IκB kinases. Acetylcysteine(N-acetyl-l-cysteine) induces apoptosis via the mitochondria-dependent pathway. Acetylcysteine(N-acetyl-l-cysteine) inhibits ferroptosis and virus replication.Solutions of Acetylcysteine are best fresh-prepared.	Nat Immunol, 2020, 21(7):727-735 Cell Death Differ, 2020, 10.1038/s41418-020-0496-1 J Hazard Mater, 2020, 5;391:122203	(C) Double immunolabeling showed CK-labeled cells (green) co-expressed with 40, 6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) (blue), scale bars are 50 μm.
S1848	Curcumin Curcumin (Diferuloylmethane) is the principal curcuminoid of the popular Indian spice turmeric, which is a member of the ginger family (Zingiberaceae). It is an inhibitor of p300 histone acetylatransferase（IC50~25 μM） and Histone deacetylase (HDAC); activates Nrf2 pathway and supresses the activation of transcription factor NF-κB. Curcumin induces mitophagy, autophagy, apoptosis, and cell cycle arrest with antitumor activity. Curcumin reduces renal damage associated with rhabdomyolysis by decreasing ferroptosis-mediated cell death. Curcumin exhibits anti-infective properties against various human pathogens like the influenza virus, hepatitis C virus, HIV and so on.	Front Microbiol, 2020, 15;10:3016 Protein Sci, 2020, 29(6):1366-1372 Pharm Biol, 2020, 58(1):25-34
S3256^New	Tectochrysin Tectochrysin (Techtochrysin, NSC 80687) is one of the major flavonoids of Alpinia oxyphylla Miquel. Tectochrysin significantly increases the expression of DR3, DR4 and Fas and inhibits activity of NF-κB. Tectochrysin induces apoptotic cell death.
S3261^New	Myrislignan Myrislignan, a lignan isolated from Myristica fragrans Houtt, possesses anti-inflammatory activities. Myrislignan inhibits interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). Myrislignan significantly inhibits the expressions of inducible NO synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) dose-dependently in LPS-stimulated macrophage cells. Myrislignan inhibits the NF-κB signalling pathway activation.
S3299^New	Demethyleneberberine Demethyleneberberine (DMB), a component of Cortex Phellodendri Chinensis (CPC), significantly alleviates the weight loss and diminishes myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, while significantly reduces the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin (IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and inhibits the activation of NF-κB signaling pathway. Demethyleneberberine (DMB) potentially ameliorates NAFLD (Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease) by activating AMPK pathways.
S3293^New	Gardenoside Gardenoside is a natural compound extracted from Gardenia fruits, with hepatoprotective properties. Gardenoside inhibits TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and NFκB activation. Gardenoside also has an inhibitory effect on free fatty acids (FFA)-induced cellular steatosis. Gardenoside suppresses the pain in rats model of chronic constriction injury by regulating the P2X3 and P2X7 receptors.
S0949^New	Cucurbitacin IIb Cucurbitacin IIb (CuIIb, Dihydrocucurbitacin F, 25-deacetyl hemslecin A) inhibits phosphorylation of STAT3, JNK and Erk1/2, enhances the phosphorylation of IκB and NF-κB, blocks nuclear translocation of NF-κB and decreases mRNA levels of IκBα and TNF-α. Cucurbitacin IIb exhibits anti-inflammatory activity and induces apoptosis. Cucurbitacin IIb is isolated from Hemsleya amabilis.
S8587^New	Withaferin A Withaferin A potently inhibits NF-κB activation by preventing the tumor necrosis factor-induced activation of IκB kinase β via a thioalkylation-sensitive redox mechanism. Withaferin A binds to the intermediate filament (IF) protein, vimentin with antitumor and antiangiogenesis activity. Withaferin A is a steroidal lactone isolated from Withania somnifera.
S0507^New	CBL0137 CBL0137 is an inhibitor of the histone chaperone FACT (facilitates chromatin transcription) that simultaneously suppresses NF-κB and activates p53 with EC50 of 0.47 μM and 0.37 μM, respectively.	Cells, 2020, 9(6):1423
S6671^New	SN50 SN50, a cell-permeable NF-κB inhibitory peptide, is composed of the signal peptide of Kaposi fibroblast growth factor.SN50 inhibits the activation of NF-κB and attenuates ventilator-induced lung injury.
S8941^New	NIK SMI1 NIK SMI1 is a highly potent and selective NF-κB-inducing kinase (NIK) inhibitor with Ki of 0.23 nM for NIK-catalyzed hydrolysis of ATP to ADP.
S6714^New	INH14 INH14 is an inhibitor of TLR2-mediated NF-kB activation with IC50 values of 8.975 μM and 3.598 μM for IKKα and IKKβ, respectively.
S4073	Sodium 4-Aminosalicylate Sodium 4-Aminosalicylate is an antibiotic used to treat tuberculosis via NF-κB inhibition and free radical scavenging.	In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim, 2019, 55(5):368-375 PLoS One, 2016, 11(3):e0149754	A. Raw264.7 cells were pretreated with NAC (1 mM), SB202190 (10 μM) and Sodium 4-aminosalicylate (10 μM), respectively, for 30 min prior to 10 μg/ml ConA treatment for 24 h. Cell viability was measured by an MTT assay and ROS production detected by H2DCF-DA.
S7351	JSH-23 JSH-23 is an inhibitor of NF-κB transcriptional activity with IC50 of 7.1 μM in RAW 264.7 cell line.	Nat Commun, 2020, 11;11(1):2345 Mol Neurodegener, 2020, 15;15(1):26 Oncogene, 2020, 39(18):3754-3773	CD10+GPR77+ CAFs were transduced without (-) or with GFP-shRNA or p65 shRNA or pretreated with inhibitors of NF-kB nuclear translocation. Quantitation of the percentage of CD10+GPR77+ CAFs (D) and the IL-6 and IL-8 levels (E) were shown.
S1576	Sulfasalazine Sulfasalazine (Azulfidine, Salazopyrin, Sulphasalazine) is a sulfa derivative of mesalazine, used as an anti-inflammatory agent to treat bowel disease and rheumatoid arthritis. Sulfasalazine is a potent and specific inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), TGF-β and COX-2. Sulfasalazine induces ferroptosis, apoptosis and autophagy.	PLoS Pathog, 2020, 16;16(3):e1008341 Platelets, 2019, 10.1080/09537104.2019.1609665
S7414	Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester Caffeic acid phenethyl ester is a potent and specific inhibitor of NF-κB activation, and also displays antioxidant, immunomodulatory and antiinflammatory activities.	Theranostics, 2020, 27;10(13):5687-5703 Hum Reprod, 2020, deaa118 Int J Oncol, 2020, 57(1):161-170	The protein expression alteration of p-NF-κB, NF-κB, PD-L1 in NP-69-LMP1 or NP-69 cell lines treated with 0, 0.5, and 1.0 μM Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester (CAPE) for 72 hours. β-actin was used to verify equal loading.
S3137	Sodium salicylate Sodium salicylate is used in medicine as an analgesic and antipyretic.	Theranostics, 2020, 10(17):7747-7757
S3939	4'-Methoxyresveratrol 4-Methoxyresveratrol is a stibenoid found in the Chinese herb Gnetum cleistostachyum. 4'-Methoxyresveratrol alleviates AGE-induced inflammation through suppressing RAGE-mediated MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathway and NLRP3 inflammasome activation.
S4798	Benfotiamine Benfotiamine (S-Benzoylthiamine O-monophosphate) is a synthetic S-acyl derivative of thiamine (vitamin B1) and has been investigated for the treatment and prevention of Diabetic Nephropathy and Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2. Benfotiamine suppresses oxidative stress-induced NF-κB activation and prevents the bacterial endotoxin-induced inflammation.
S8279	Shikonin Shikonin, a potent and specific Pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) inhibitor, is a major component of zicao (purple gromwell, the dried root of Lithospermum erythrorhizon), a Chinese herbal medicine with various biological activities. It is also an inhibitor of TMEM16A chloride channel activity using cell-based fluorescent-quenching assay. Shikonin exerts an anti-inflammatory effect by inhibiting tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and prevents activation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway via proteasome inhibition.	Front Pharmacol, 2020, 11:861 Phytomedicine, 2020, 68:153189 Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai), 2020, 52(1):9-17
S7672	Omaveloxolone (RTA-408) Omaveloxolone (RTA-408) is a synthetic triterpenoid that activates the cytoprotective transcription factor Nrf2 and inhibits NF-κB signaling. Phase 2.	Int J Neurosci, 2020, 7:1-16 Biochem Pharmacol, 2019, 170:113642
S3998	(+)-α-Lipoic acid R(+)-α-lipoic acid, a physiological form of thioctic acid, is a strong antioxidant that relieves diabetic neuropathic symptoms. It shows superior antioxidative effects to its racemate. α-Lipoic Acid is an antioxidant, which is an essential cofactor of mitochondrial enzyme complexes. α-Lipoic Acid inhibits NF-κB-dependent HIV-1 LTR activation.
S5144	Neferine Neferine ((R)-1,2-Dimethoxyaporphine), a natural component of Nelumbo nucifera, has antitumor efficiency. Neferine induces apoptosis in renal cancer cells. Neferine prevents autophagy through activation of Akt/mTOR pathway and Nrf2 in muscle cells. Neferine induces autophagy-dependent cell death in apoptosis-resistant cancers. Neferine possesses a number of therapeutic effects such as anti-diabetic, anti-aging, anti-microbial, anti-thrombotic, anti-arrhythmic, anti-inflammatory and even anti-HIV.	Oncol Rep, 2020, 44(3):1116-1126
S9208	Ginsenoside Rb3 Ginsenoside Rb3, extracted from the plant Panax ginseng, plays important roles in cardiovascular diseases, including myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. Ginsenoside Rb3 (0.1-10 μM) is tested for inhibition of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF)-induced nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) luciferase reporter activity using a human kidney 293T cell-based assay. Ginsenoside Rb3 shows the significant activity with an IC50 of 8.2 μM. Ginsenoside Rb3 also inhibits the induction of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) messenger Ribonucleic acid (mRNA) in a dose-dependent manner after HepG2 cells have been treated with TNF-α (10 ng/mL).
S3633	Pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate ammonium Ammonium pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC) is a potent nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) inhibitor that inhibits IκB phosphorylation, blocks NF-κB translocation to the nucleus and reduces the expression of downstream cytokines.	Nat Commun, 2020, 2;11(1):1146 Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, 2020, 40(3):751-765 Immunology, 2020, 159(3):309-321
S3816	Dehydroevodiamine Dehydroevodiamine (DHED), a constituent of Evodia rutaecarpa, has various biological effects such as hypotensive, negative chronotropic, ion channel depressant, inhibition of nitric oxide production and cerebral blood flow enhancing activities. Dehydroevodiamine inhibits LPS-induced iNOS, COX-2, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) expression in murine macrophage cells.
S9244	8-O-acetyl shanzhiside methyl ester 8-O-acetyl shanzhiside methyl ester, isolated from the leaves of Lamiophlomis rotata Kudo, promotes angiogenesis, which leads to the improvement of functional outcome after stroke.8-O-Acetyl shanzhiside methyl ester can inhibts NF-κB
S8642	GSK'963 GSK'963 is a chiral small-molecule inhibitor of RIP1 kinase (RIPK1) with an IC50 of 29 nM in FP binding assays. It is >10 000-fold selective for RIP1 over 339 other kinases.
S2261	Andrographolide Andrographolide is a labdane diterpenoid that is the main bioactive component of the medicinal plant Andrographis paniculata.	Int J Oncol, 2020, 56(6):1417-1428 Eur J Pharmacol, 2020, 873:172981 ACS Omega, 2020, 5(26):15911-15921
S2382	Evodiamine Evodiamine (Isoevodiamine), an alkaloid extract from the fruit of Evodiae Fructus exhibits antitumor activities against the human tumor cells. It is shown to inhibit NF-kB activation through suppression of IkB kinase activity.	Life Sci, 2020, 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117424 Anticancer Drugs, 2019, 30(6):611-617 Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 2018, 498(3):481-486	Evodiamine ameliorates PDGF‑BB‑induced oxidative stress in VSMCs. VSMCs were pretreated with 0.1 or 0.5 μM evodiamine for 24 h, and then stimulated with 10 ng/ml PDGF‑BB for 1 h. (A) ROS detection using 2' 7' dichlorofluorescin diacetate staining. Magnification, x200. (B) Quantitative data of five independent experiments, expressed as the fold increase, compared with the control. (C‑F) mRNA expression levels of antioxidant genes were assessed using reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis. Data are presented as the mean+ standard deviation of three independent experiments. P<0.05 and *P<0.01, compared with the control group; ##P<0.01, compared with the PDGF‑BB‑stimulated group. Evo, evodiamine; PDGF‑BB, platelet‑derived growth factor‑BB; VSMCs, vascular smooth muscle cells; ROS, reactive oxygen species; HO‑1, heme oxygenase‑1; GPx‑1, glutathione peroxidase 1; SOD, superoxide dismutase.
S5771	sulforaphane Sulforaphane is a naturally occurring isothiocyanate derived from the consumption of cruciferous vegetables, such as broccoli, cabbage, and kale. It is an inducer of Nrf2. Sulforaphane is also an inhibitor of histone deacetylase (HDAC) and NF-κB. Sulforaphane increases heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and reduces the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Sulforaphane induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis.	Int Immunopharmacol, 2019, 74:105646
S4937	4'-Hydroxychalcone 4'-Hydroxychalcone, found in herbs and spices and tea, is a member of the class of compounds known as retrochalcones. It has diverse biological activities, inhibiting TNFα-induced NF-κB pathway activation in a dose-dependent manner and activating BMP signaling.
S9295	Dauricine Dauricine, a plant metabolite isolated from the Asian vine Menispermum dauricum, plays a variety of biological roles in the human body, from inhibiting cancer cell growth to blocking cardiac transmembrane Na+, K+, and Ca2+ ion currents.Dauricine induces apoptosis, inhibits proliferation and invasion through inhibiting NF‐κB signaling pathway in colon cancer cells.
S5343	Vanillic acid Vanillic acid (4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzoic acid) is a flavoring agent which is also an intermediate in the production of vanillin from ferulic acid. Vanillic acid inhibits NF-κB activation. Anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and chemopreventive effects.
S2290	Dihydroartemisinin (DHA) Dihydroartemisinin (DHA) is a semi-synthetic derivative of artemisinin and isolated from the traditional Chinese herb Artemisia annua. Dihydroartemisinin induces autophagy and apoptosis by suppressing NF-κB activation.	ACS Infect Dis, 2020, 10.1021/acsinfecdis.0c00522 Front Aging Neurosci, 2020, 12:47 Ann Transl Med, 2019, 7(22):651	(D) Western Blot analysis of TCTP in cell lysates of MDA cells after 24, 48 and 72 h of exposition to DHA. β-actin was used as loading control.
S9193	Aristolochic acid A Aristolochic acid A is a carcinogenic, mutagenic, and nephrotoxic agent extracted from the flowering plant family Aristolochiaceae.Aristolochic acid A significantly reduces both activator protein 1 (AP-1) and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activities.	Mol Ther Nucleic Acids, 2020, 6;19:1276-1289
S7445	E3330 E3330 is a potent and selective APE1(Ref-1) inhibitor, which suppressed NF-kappa B DNA-binding activity.
S2313	Indole-3-carbinol Indole-3-carbinol is produced by the breakdown of the glucosinolate glucobrassicin, which can be found at relatively high levels in cruciferous vegetables. Indole-3-carbinol suppresses NF-κB and IκBα kinase activation.		CON+ -positive control (with FBS as chemoattractant); CON- - negative control (without chemoattractant); DOX -doxorubicin; WZ -WZ811; PF- PF-573228; * -significant difference compared to positive control: p<0.05; ** -significant difference compared to positive control: p<0.01; # -significant difference between combination and inhibitor only: p<0.05. Cancer cell invasion was analyzed using Transwell membranes assembled in 24-well plates and covered with a layer of Matrigel. COR-L23 cells were treated for 24 h with 50 nM DOX, 10 uM WZ811, 5 uM PF-573228 and combinations of inhibitors with 50 nM DOX. Similarly, RH460 cells were treated for 24 h with 1 uM DOX, 10 uM WZ811, 2.5 uM PF-573228 and combinations of inhibitors with 1 uM DOX. Applied doses were the ones that exerted the most pronounced synergistic effect on cytotoxicity level. After the incubation period, cells that invaded through matrigel and membranes were fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde-PBS and stained with Hoechst 33342 nuclear stain. Cells were visualized and counted under a fluorescent microscope at 10x magnification.
S9040	Maslinic acid Maslinic Acid, a Natural Triterpene, exerts a wide range of biological activities, i.e. antitumor, antidiabetic, antioxidant, cardioprotective, neuroprotective, antiparasitic and growth-stimulating. MA significantly suppresses the DNA-binding activity of NF-κB p65 in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells.
S7273	SC75741 SC75741 is a potent NF-κB inhibitor with EC50 of 200 nM. SC75741 efficiently blocks influenza virus propagation.	J Neurochem, 2020, 10.1111/jnc.14963 J Invest Surg, 2020, 10.1080/08941939.2019.1705941 Elife, 2020, 9:e53367	Immunofluorescence of NF-κB (p65) (200×). SK-OV-3 and A2780S cells were treated with different compounds (vehicle, 5 μM JSH-23, 5 μM SC75741, 5 μM CAPE, 4 μM MIL, 4 μM MIL combined with pre-treated 5 μM JSH-23, 4 μM MIL combined with pre-treated 5 μM SC75741, 4 μM MIL combined with pre-treated 5 μM CAPE) for 48 h. NF-κB(p65) was detected by a fluorescence microscopy. The nuclei were stained with Hoechst 33258.
S3760	Stachydrine hydrochloride Stachydrine is isolated from seed husk and the pulp of the fruit of C. Leonurus, and many other Asian plants and fruits. It has potent anti-metastatic activity and cardioprotective effects. Stachydrine hydrochloride is the major active constituent of Herba Leonuri, which is a potential therapy for cardiovascular diseases. Stachydrine can inhibit the NF-κB signal pathway. Anti-hypertrophic activities.
S3770	Sodium Aescinate Sodium Aescinate (SA, Escin Sodium Salt) is a widely-applied triterpene saponin product derived from horse chestnut seeds, possessing vasoactive and organ-protective activities with oral or injection administration in the clinic. Sodium aescinate is a triterpene saponin derived from Aesculus hippocastanum seeds, with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. Sodium aescinate inhibits hepatocellular carcinoma growth by targeting CARMA3/NF-κB pathway.
S3771	Stachydrine Stachydrine, also known as N,N-dimethylproline or proline betaine, is a quaternary ammonium derivative of proline that occurs widely in Medicago species. It is an osmoprotective compound found in urine. Stachydrine is a major constituent of Chinese herb leonurus heterophyllus sweet used to promote blood circulation and dispel blood stasis. Stachydrine can inhibit the NF-κB signal pathway.	J Cell Mol Med, 2019, 10.1111/jcmm.14551
S3773	Tyrosol Tyrosol is an antioxidant that is naturally present in several foods such as wines and green tea and is present most abundantly in olives. Tyrosol is a derivative of phenethyl alcohol. Tyrosol attenuates pro-inflammatory cytokines from cultured astrocytes and NF-κB activation. Anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects.
S8483	CBL0137 HCl (CBL-0137 HCl) CBL0137 (Curaxin 137) activates p53 and inhibits NF-kB with EC50s of 0.37 μM and 0.47 μM in the cell-based p53 and NF-kB reporter assays, respectively. It also inhibits histone chaperone FACT (facilitates chromatin transcription complex).	Mol Cell, 2020, S1097-2765(20)30193-3 Cells, 2020, 9(6):1423
S9374	2',5'-Dihydroxyacetophenone 2',5'-Dihydroxyacetophenone is a mixture of dihydroxyacetophenone isomers is used in food flavouring. 2',5'-Dihydroxyacetophenone significantly inhibits NO production via the suppression of iNOS expression. 2',5'-Dihydroxyacetophenone significantly decreases levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-6 by blocking the ERK1/2 and NF-κB signaling pathways.
S3871	Muscone Muscone, a flavouring ingredient, is an organic compound that is the primary contributor to the odor of musk and also a potent anti-inflammatory agent. Muscone significantly downregulats the levels of LPS-induced inflammatory cytokines and inhibits NF-κB and NLRP3 inflammasome activation in BMDMs. Muscone remarkably decreases the levels of inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-6).	J Pharm Pharmacol, 2019, 71(11):1706-1713
S9388	(+)-Praeruptorin A Praeruptorin A is a coumarin compound naturally occurring in the roots of Peucedanum praeruptorum Dunn., a commonly used traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of certain respiratory diseases and hypertension. (+)-Praeruptorin A is one of enantiomers that shows more potent relaxant effects than (−)-praeruptorin A in rat aorta rings and may be an activator of eNOS.
S9075	Mulberroside A Mulberroside A, isolated from the ethanol extract of Morus alba roots, is widely employed as an active ingredient in cosmetic products due to its anti-tyrosinase and anti-oxidant activities. Mulberroside A decreases the expressions of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 and inhibits the activation of NALP3, caspase-1 and NF-κB and the phosphorylation of ERK, JNK and p38.
S2321	Magnolol Magnolol (NSC 293099) is a bioactive lignin found in the bark of the Houpu magnolia (Magnolia officinalis) which shows antifungal properties. It can block TNF-α-induced NF-KB activation.	J Chromatogr A, 2020, 1625:461230 Micromachines, 2018, 9(6) Inflamm Res, 2016, 65(1):81-93	Magnolol reduces RNV areas and avascular areas in OIR mice. Mice retinas from OIR group (a, b) and OIR + Magnolol (25 mg/kg) group (c, d) were harvested at P17 and subjected to wholemount immunostaining with IB4 (red), showing neovascular areas (green) and avascular areas (yellow).
S7637	DTP3 DTP3 is a selective GADD45β/MKK7 (growth arrest and DNA-damage-inducible β/mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 7) inhibitor and is able to restore MKK7/JNK activation. DTP3 inhibits cancer-selective NF-κB survival pathway.
S3874	Curcumenol Curcumenol, a sesquiterpene isolated from Curcuma zedoaria, is known to possess a variety of health and medicinal values which includes neuroprotection, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor and hepatoprotective activities. It inhibits NF-κB activation by suppressing the nuclear translocation of the NF-κB p65 subunit and blocking IκBα phosphorylation and degradation.
S1825	Erdosteine Erdosteine is a mucolytic which is used in treatment of excessive viscous mucus. Erdosteine inhibits lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced NF-κB activation.
S3880	Schisantherin A Schisantherin A, also known as Gomisin C, is a dibenzocyclooctadiene that exhibits anti-tussive, sedative, anti-inflammatory, anti-osteoporotic, neuroprotective, cognition enhancing, and cardioprotective activities. Schisantherin A inhibits p65-NF-κB translocation into the nucleus by IκBα degradation.
S8341	TAK-243 (MLN7243) TAK-243 (MLN7243) is a potent, mechanism-based small-molecule inhibitor of the ubiquitin activating enzyme (UAE) with an IC50 of 1 ± 0.2 nM in the UBCH10 E2 thioester assay. It has minimal inhibitory activity in a panel of kinase and receptor assays, as well as on human carbonic anhydrase type I and type II. TAK-243 (MLN7243) induces ER stress, abrogates NFκB pathway activation and promotes apoptosis.	PLoS One, 2020, 15(2):e0229036 Transl Oncol, 2020, 13(11):100834
S9417	Homoplantaginin Homoplantaginin, a main flavonoid from a traditional Chinese medicine Salvia plebeia, has anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties. Homoplantaginin inhibits TNF-α and IL-6 mRNA expression, IKKβ and NF-κB phosphorylation.
S4763	4-Hydroxychalcone 4-Hydroxychalcone (P-Cinnamoylphenol) is a chalcone metabolite with diverse biological activities. It inhibits TNFα-induced NF-κB pathway activation in a dose-dependent manner and also activates BMP signaling.
S9106	Eleutheroside E Eleutheroside E, a principal component of Eleutherococcus senticosus (ES), has anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting NF-κB and protecting against myocardial infarction.
S3808	Mangiferin Mangiferin is a bioactive compound that demonstrates many health perspectives and has been used to prepare medicinal and food supplements. Mangiferin is a Nrf2 activator. Mangiferin suppresses nuclear translocation of the NF-κB subunits p65 and p50.
S5579	Chelidonic acid Chelidonic acid (Jerva acid, Jervaic acid, γ-Pyrone-2,6-dicarboxylic acid) is a secondary metabolite found in several plants with therapeutic potential in allergic disorders in experimental animals. Chelidonic acid inhibits IL-6 production by blocking NF-κB and caspase-1 in HMC-1 cells. Chelidonic acid is also an inhibitor of glutamate decarboxylase with Ki of 1.2 μM.
S2341	(-)-Parthenolide (-)-Parthenolide, an inhibitor of the Nuclear Factor-κB Pathway, specifically depletes HDAC1 protein without affecting other class I/II HDACs; Also promotes the ubiquitination of MDM2 and activates p53 cellular functions.	J Biol Chem, 2020, 295(11):3576-3589 G3 (Bethesda), 2020, 4;10(5):1585-1597 Onco Targets Ther, 2020, 13:7447-7458	G. To evaluate effects of IKBKE/TBK1 inhibition on NF-κB signaling in Ewing, TC32 cells were incubated with CYT387 for six hours prior to stimulation with TNF-α (30 ng/mL). IκBα degradation was measured by harvesting TC32 cells thirty minutes after stimulation with TNF-α. TNF-α stimulation resulted in degradation of IκBα, and this effect was attenuated with CYT387 treatment. Parthenolide, an inhibitor of IκBα phosphorylation was used as a positive control. Similar effects of CYT387 activity were seen in HEK-293T cells which also express IKBKΕ. Nuclear extracts were prepared from TC32 cells harvested following forty-five minutes of TNF-α stimulation. Treatment with CYT387 resulted in decreased nuclear localization of NF-κB family proteins RelA/p65 and c-Rel. There was a modest impairment of p50 nuclear localization as compared to parthenolide and DMSO controls and no change in p52 nuclear localization. RelB (not shown) is not expressed in TC32 cells
S3604	Triptolide (PG490) Triptolide (PG490) is a diterpene triepoxide, immunosuppresive agent extracted from the Chinese herb Tripterygium wilfordii. It functions as a NF-κB inhibitor with dual actions by disruption of p65/CBP interaction and by reduction of p65 protein. Triptolide (PG490) abrogates the transactivation function of heat shock transcription factor 1 (HSF1). Triptolide inhibits MDM2 and induces apoptosis through a p53-independent pathway.	Cell Commun Signal, 2020, 18(1):30 J Cell Physiol, 2020, 4 Front Oncol, 2020, 10;10:331	Spironolactone (sp.) and triptolide inhibit NER in myeloma cells. RPMI8226 cells were incubated with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), spironolactone (10 μm) or triptolide (1 μm) for 6 h before NER evaluation. The figure represents the persistence of DNA-damage signal 150 min after exposure to UV (AFU: arbitrary fluorescent unit). Figure 4a shows representative merged pictures of DAPI and DDB2 proteo-probe signal (b).
S3607	Sarsasapogenin Sarsasapogenin (SAR) is a steroidal sapogenin. It can provoke the generation of reactive oxygen species and activate unfolded protein response (UPR) signaling pathways. SAR potently inhibits NF-κB and MAPK activation, as well as IRAK1, TAK1, and IκBα phosphorylation in LPS-stimulated macrophages.
S3811	Ginsenoside Re Ginsenoside Re (Ginsenoside B2), an extract from Panax notoginseng, is a major ginsenoside in ginseng and belongs to 20(S)-protopanaxatriol group. It has diverse in vitro and in vivo effects, including vasorelaxant, antioxidant, antihyperlipidemic, and angiogenic actions. Ginsenoside Re decreases the β-amyloid protein (Aβ). Ginsenoside Re plays a role in antiinflammation through inhibition of JNK and NF-κB.
S3138	Methylthiouracil Methylthiouracil (NSC-193526, NSC-9378) is an antithyroid agent. Methylthiouracil suppresses the production TNF-α and IL-6, and the activation of NF-κB and ERK1/2.
S3899	Hederagenin Hederagenin (Caulosapogenin, Hederagenol, Hederagenic acid, Astrantiagenin E) is a highly water insoluble triterpenoid compound that can be found in various plants including Hedera helix and Chenopodium quinoa. It exhibits a variety of biological activities, including potent antitumor properties both in vitro and in vivo.
S9502	Madecassic acid Madecassic acid, a natural triterpene first isolated from C. asiatica, has diverse anti-inflammatory and anti-diabetic effects, blocking NF-κB activation in macrophages and causing by iNOS, COX-2, TNF-alpha, IL-1beta and IL-6 inhibition.
S5453	Hyperoside Hyperoside (Hyperin, Quercetin 3-galactoside), a naturally occuring flavonoid compound, exerts multiple bioactivities, including myocardial protection, anti-redox, and anti-inflammatory activities.Hyperoside can inhibit activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway.	Anticancer Res, 2018, 38(4):2161-2167
S3867	(E)-Cardamonin (E)-Cardamonin (Alpinetin chalcone, cardamomin) is a naturally occurring chalcone with strong anti-inflammatory activity. It is a novel TRPA1 antagonist with IC50 of 454 nM and also a NF-kB inhibitor.
S3872	Guaiacol Guaiacol (O-methoxyphenol, 2-hydroxyanisole, O-methylcatechol) is a phenolic natural product first isolated from Guaiac resin and the oxidation of lignin. It is a precursor to various flavorants, such as eugenoland vanillin. Guaiacol, a phenolic compound isolated from Guaiac resin, inhibits LPS-stimulated COX-2 expression and NF-κB activation. Anti-inflammatory activity.
S4712	Diethylmaleate Diethylmaleate (Diethyl ester, Maleic acid diethyl ester) is the diethyl ester of maleic acid and a glutathione-depleting compound that inhibits NF-kB.
S9170	Engeletin Engeletin, a bioactive flavonoid, has multiple biological activities such as anti-diabetic and anti-inflammatory effects. engeletin againsts LPS-stimulated endometritis in mice via negative regulation of pro-inflammatory mediators via the TLR4-regulated NF-κB pathway.	Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 2020, 526(2):497-504
S3923	Ginsenoside Rg1 Ginsenoside Rg1, one of the major active components of ginseng, is identified as a protopanaxatriol-type and has pharmacological actions such as neuroprotective and anti-tumor effects on various cancer types. Ginsenoside Rg1 reduces cerebral Aβ levels and NF-κB nuclear translocation.
S3924	Ginsenoside Rb1 Ginsenoside Rb1 (Gypenoside Ⅲ) is a protopanaxadiol that has diverse in vitro and in vivo effects, including neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, and anti-obesity actions. Ginsenoside Rb1, a main constituent of the root of Panax ginseng, inhibits Na+, K+-ATPase activity with an IC50 of 6.3±1.0 μM. Ginsenoside also inhibits IRAK-1 activation and phosphorylation of NF-κB p65.

Catalog No.	Information	Product Use Citations	Product Validations
S3603	Betulinic acid Betulinic acid (ALS-357), a pentacyclic triterpenoid from Syzigium claviflorum, is a inhibitor of HIV-1 with EC50 of 1.4 μ M. Betulinic acid acts as a new activator of NF-kB.Phase 1/2.	Eur J Pharmacol, 2020, 873:172981 Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai), 2020, 10.1093/abbs/gmz148 Ann N Y Acad Sci, 2020, 1467(1):77-93

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S3603

Betulinic acid

Betulinic acid (ALS-357), a pentacyclic triterpenoid from Syzigium claviflorum, is a inhibitor of HIV-1 with EC50 of 1.4 μ M. Betulinic acid acts as a new activator of NF-kB.Phase 1/2.

Eur J Pharmacol, 2020, 873:172981

Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai), 2020, 10.1093/abbs/gmz148

Ann N Y Acad Sci, 2020, 1467(1):77-93

Catalog No.	Information	Product Use Citations	Product Validations
S3298^New	Caulophylline (N-Methylcytisine) Caulophylline (N-Methylcytisine, Caulophyllin, NMC) is a tricyclic quinolizidine alkaloid with anti-inflammatory activities. Caulophylline binds to nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChR) from squid optical ganglia with Kd of 50 nM. Caulophylline significantly reduces myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, blocks the activation of NF-κB by inhibiting IκB and IKK phosphorylation.

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S3298^New

Caulophylline (N-Methylcytisine)

Caulophylline (N-Methylcytisine, Caulophyllin, NMC) is a tricyclic quinolizidine alkaloid with anti-inflammatory activities. Caulophylline binds to nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChR) from squid optical ganglia with Kd of 50 nM. Caulophylline significantly reduces myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, blocks the activation of NF-κB by inhibiting IκB and IKK phosphorylation.

Catalog No.	Information	Product Use Citations	Product Validations
S5804	N-Acetylcysteine amide N-acetylcysteine amide is a membrane penetrating antioxidant with anti-inflamatory activity through regulation of activation of NF-κB and HIF-1α as well as modulation of ROS.	Int J Biochem Cell Biol, 2020, 121:105703 Pancreatology, 2019, 19(2):258-265 Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 2019, 508(4):1271-1278
S9184	Forsythoside B Forsythoside B is a phenylethanoid glycoside isolated from the leaves of Lamiophlomis rotata Kudo, a Chinese folk medicinal plant. Forsythoside B has potent neuroprotective effects and has anti-inflammation, antioxidant, and antisepsis properties. Forsythoside B could inhibit TNF-alpha, IL-6, IκB and modulate NF-κB.

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S5804

N-Acetylcysteine amide

N-acetylcysteine amide is a membrane penetrating antioxidant with anti-inflamatory activity through regulation of activation of NF-κB and HIF-1α as well as modulation of ROS.

Int J Biochem Cell Biol, 2020, 121:105703

Pancreatology, 2019, 19(2):258-265

Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 2019, 508(4):1271-1278

S9184

Forsythoside B

Forsythoside B is a phenylethanoid glycoside isolated from the leaves of Lamiophlomis rotata Kudo, a Chinese folk medicinal plant. Forsythoside B has potent neuroprotective effects and has anti-inflammation, antioxidant, and antisepsis properties. Forsythoside B could inhibit TNF-alpha, IL-6, IκB and modulate NF-κB.

Catalog No.	Information	Product Use Citations	Product Validations
S2371	Vanillylacetone Vanillylacetone (NSC 15335) is similar in chemical structure to other flavor chemicals such as vanillin and eugenol and is used as a flavor additive in spice oils and in perfumery to introduce spicy aromas. Vanillylacetone (Zingerone) alleviates oxidative stress and inflammation, down-regulates NF-κB mediated signaling pathways. Zingerone acts as an anti-mitotic agent, and inhibits the growth of neuroblastoma cells.

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Product Validations

S2371

Vanillylacetone

Vanillylacetone (NSC 15335) is similar in chemical structure to other flavor chemicals such as vanillin and eugenol and is used as a flavor additive in spice oils and in perfumery to introduce spicy aromas. Vanillylacetone (Zingerone) alleviates oxidative stress and inflammation, down-regulates NF-κB mediated signaling pathways. Zingerone acts as an anti-mitotic agent, and inhibits the growth of neuroblastoma cells.

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