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N-Acetylcysteine (NAC chemical, N-Acetyl-L-Cysteine) ROS inhibitor

Name: N-Acetylcysteine (NAC chemical, N-Acetyl-L-Cysteine)
Brand: Selleck Chemicals
SKU: S1623
Availability: InStock
Rating: 5 (238 reviews)

Cat.No.S1623

Acetylcysteine (N-acetyl-l-cysteine, NAC,N-acetylcysteine) is a ROS(reactive oxygen species) inhibitor that antagonizes the activity of proteasome inhibitors. It is also a tumor necrosis factor production inhibitor. Acetylcysteine(N-acetyl-l-cysteine) suppresses TNF-induced NF-κB activation through inhibition of IκB kinases. Acetylcysteine(N-acetyl-l-cysteine) induces apoptosis via the mitochondria-dependent pathway. Acetylcysteine(N-acetyl-l-cysteine) inhibits ferroptosis and virus replication.Solutions are unstable and should be fresh-prepared.

Chemical Structure

Molecular Weight: 163.19

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Quality Control

Batch: Purity: 99.95%

99.95

Related Targets	Bcl-2 Caspase PD-1/PD-L1 Ferroptosis p53 Apoptosis related Synthetic Lethality STAT Ras KRas
Other TNF-alpha Inhibitors	R-7050 Cepharanthine Bioymifi Benpyrine racemate Geraniin Corilagin CPI-1189 Trionycis Carapax Extract JTE-607 Dihydrochloride UCB-9260

Cell Culture, Treatment & Working Concentration

Cell Lines	Assay Type	Concentration	Incubation Time	Activity Description	PMID
HUVEC cells	Function assay	10μM	2h	HUVECs were pretreated with 10 μM NAC for 2 hours, and then treated with 0.5 μM PCB 118. presentce of NAC for 48 hours.	28592194
HUVEC cells	Function assay	2μM,4μM,8μM	90min	HUVECs that were exposed with serum of P. falciparum and treated with NAC 2 µM，4 µM，8 µM. Supernatant from culture and lysed cells culture were measured for H2O2, GSH and MDA levels.	21602763
BL21 (DE3)	Function assay		30 mins	Inhibition of hexahistidine-tagged IMP-7 (unknown origin) expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) cells using fluorocillin as substrate incubated for 30 mins by TECAN fluorescent plate reader analysis, IC50 = 20.7 μM.	25815530
PC12	Cytotoxicity assay		24 hrs	Inhibition of 6-hydroxydopamine induced cytotoxicity in rat PC12 cells pretreated for 24 hrs assessed as elevation of intracellular glutathione level	17158454
PC12	Cytotoxicity assay		24 hrs	Inhibition of hydrogen peroxide induced cytotoxicity in rat PC12 cells pretreated for 24 hrs assessed as elevation of intracellular glutathione level	17158454
NHBE	Cytotoxicity assay	1 mM	18 hrs	Cytoprotective activity in NHBE cells assessed as inhibition of tBHP-induced GSH depletion at 1 mM preincubated for 18 hrs followed by tBHP addition for 4 hrs by thiostar dye based fluorescence assay	27031670
HUVEC	Antioxidant assay	5 mmol/L	4 hrs	Antioxidant activity against H2O2-induced lipid accumulation in HUVEC cells assessed as reduction in MDA level at 5 mmol/L incubated 4 hrs prior to H2O2 challenge measured after 12 hrs	22841280
HUVEC	Antioxidant assay	5 mmol/L	4 hrs	Antioxidant activity in HUVEC cells assessed as reduction in H2O2-induced GSH activity at 5 mmol/L incubated 4 hrs prior to H2O2 challenge measured after 12 hrs	22841280
HUVEC	Cytotoxicity assay	5 mmol/L	4 hrs	Inhibition of H2O2-induced cytotoxicity in HUVEC cells assessed as cell viability at 5 mmol/L incubated 4 hrs prior to H2O2 challenge measured after 12 hrs by MTT assay	22841280
HUVEC	Cytotoxicity assay	5 mmol/L	4 hrs	Inhibition of H2O2-induced cytotoxicity in HUVEC cells assessed as LDH release at 5 mmol/L incubated 4 hrs prior to H2O2 challenge measured after 12 hrs by LDH assay	22841280
SH-SY5Y	Neuroprotective assay	5 mM	4 hrs	Neuroprotective activity in H2O2-stimulated human SH-SY5Y cells assessed as upregulation of Bax expression at 5 mM incubated for 4 hrs prior to H2O2 challenge measured after 12 hrs by Western blotting analysis	23403085
SH-SY5Y	Neuroprotective assay	5 mM	4 hrs	Neuroprotective activity in H2O2-stimulated human SH-SY5Y cells assessed as downregulation of Bcl2 expression at 5 mM incubated for 4 hrs prior to H2O2 challenge measured after 12 hrs by Western blotting analysis	23403085
HT22	Neuroprotective assay	5 mM	24 hrs	Neuroprotective activity against glutamate-induced cell death in mouse HT22 cells assessed as increase in cell viability at 5 mM after 24 hrs by MTT assay	29122481
HT22	Neuroprotective assay	50 uM	10 to 12 hrs	Neuroprotective activity against glutamate-induced cell death in mouse HT22 cells assessed as reduction in apoptotic cells at 50 uM after 10 to 12 hrs by Annexin V-alexa 488/propidium iodide staining based flow cytometry	29122481
HL-7702	Hepatoprotective assay	10 uM	24 hrs	Hepatoprotective activity against APAP-induced cell injury in human HL-7702 cells assessed as increase in survival rate at 10 uM pre-incubated for 24 hrs before APAP addition and measured 6 hrs post APAP challenge by MTT assay	28729056
Click to View More Cell Line Experimental Data

Solubility

In vitro
Batch:

DMSO : 33 mg/mL (202.21 mM)
(Moisture-contaminated DMSO may reduce solubility. Use fresh, anhydrous DMSO.)

Water : 33 mg/mL

Ethanol : 33 mg/mL

Water : 98 mg/mL (超声助溶)

DMSO : 33 mg/mL (202.21 mM)
(Moisture-contaminated DMSO may reduce solubility. Use fresh, anhydrous DMSO.)

Ethanol : 33 mg/mL

Molarity Calculator

Mass	Concentration	Volume	Molecular Weight
Mass value Mass unit	Concentration value Concentration unit	Volume value Volume unit	Molecular weight (g/mol)

Dilution Calculator Molecular Weight Calculator

In vivo batch selection In vivo Batch:
Homogeneous suspension	CMC-NA	≥5mg/ml	Taking the 1 mL working solution as an example, add 5 mg of this product to 1 ml of CMC-Na solution, mix evenly to obtain a homogeneous suspension with a final concentration of 5 mg/ml.
Homogeneous suspension	CMC-NA	≥5mg/ml	Taking the 1 mL working solution as an example, add 5 mg of this product to 1 ml of CMC-Na solution, mix evenly to obtain a homogeneous suspension with a final concentration of 5 mg/ml.
Homogeneous suspension	CMC-NA	≥5mg/ml	Taking the 1 mL working solution as an example, add 5 mg of this product to 1 ml of CMC-Na solution, mix evenly to obtain a homogeneous suspension with a final concentration of 5 mg/ml.
Homogeneous suspension	CMC-NA	≥5mg/ml	Taking the 1 mL working solution as an example, add 5 mg of this product to 1 ml of CMC-Na solution, mix evenly to obtain a homogeneous suspension with a final concentration of 5 mg/ml.
Clear solution	5%DMSO 1 40%PEG300 2 5%Tween80 3 50%ddH2O Validated by Selleck labs. Should you need adjustments to this formulation, contact our sales team for custom testing.	1.670mg/ml (10.23mM)	Taking the 1 mL working solution as an example, add 50 μL of 33.3 mg/ml clarified DMSO stock solution to 400 μL of PEG300, mix evenly to clarify it; add 50 μL of Tween80 to the above system, mix evenly to clarify; then continue to add 500 μL of ddH2O to make it clear. Volume up to 1 mL. The mixed solution should be used immediately for optimal results.
Homogeneous suspension	CMC-NA	≥5mg/ml	Taking the 1 mL working solution as an example, add 5 mg of this product to 1 ml of CMC-Na solution, mix evenly to obtain a homogeneous suspension with a final concentration of 5 mg/ml.

In vivo Formulation Calculator (Clear solution)

Step 1: Enter information below (Recommended: An additional animal making an allowance for loss during the experiment)

Dosage: mg/kg

Average weight of animals: g

Dosing volume per animal: μL

Number of animals:

Step 2: Enter the in vivo formulation (This is only the calculator, not formulation. Please contact us first if there is no in vivo formulation at the solubility Section.)

% DMSO

% Tween 80

% ddH₂O

% DMSO

Calculation results:

Working concentration: mg/ml;

Method for preparing DMSO master liquid: mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO ( Master liquid concentration mg/mL, Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug. )

Method for preparing in vivo formulation: Take μL DMSO master liquid, next addμL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH₂O, mix and clarify.

Method for preparing in vivo formulation: Take μL DMSO master liquid, next add μL Corn oil, mix and clarify.

Note: 1. Please make sure the liquid is clear before adding the next solvent.
2. Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order. You must ensure that the solution obtained, in the previous addition, is a clear solution before proceeding to add the next solvent. Physical methods such
as vortex, ultrasound or hot water bath can be used to aid dissolving.

Chemical Information, Storage & Stability

Molecular Weight	163.19	Formula	C₅H₉NO₃S	Storage (From the date of receipt)	3 years -20°C powder
CAS No.	616-91-1	Download SDF		Storage of Stock Solutions	Solutions are unstable. Prepare fresh or purchase small, pre-packaged sizes. Repackage upon receipt.
Synonyms	N-acetylcysteine			Smiles	CC(=O)NC(CS)C(=O)O

Mechanism of Action

Targets/IC₅₀/Ki	NF-κB Ferroptosis ROS TNF-α
In vitro	Acetylcysteine (N-Acetylcysteine, NAC) inhibits activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase, p38 MAP kinase and redox-sensitive activating protein-1 and nuclear factor kappa B transcription factor activities regulating expression of numerous genes. It can also prevent apoptosis and promote cell survival by activating extracellular signal-regulated kinase pathway, a concept useful for treating certain degenerative diseases. This compound directly modifies the activity of several proteins by its reducing activity. It prevents apoptotic DNA fragmentation and maintains long-term survival in the absence of other trophic support in serum-deprived PC12 cells. It also prevents death of PC12 cells and sympathetic neurons. It causes dose-dependent reductions in viability in rat and human aortic smooth muscle cells. It activates the Ras-extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway in PC12 cells. This compound protects neuronal cells from death evoked by withdrawal of trophic support. It increases nitric oxide (NO) release from protein-bound stores in vascular tissue. Its pretreatment of PC12 cells interferes with NGF-dependent signaling and neurite outgrowth, and it was suggested that NAC interferes with redox-sensitive steps in the NGF mechanism.
In vivo	In both the T-maze footshock avoidance paradigm and the lever press appetitive task, N-acetylcysteine (NAC) improves cognition of 12-month-old SAMP8 mice without inducing non-specific effects on motor activity, motivation to avoid shock, or body weight.
References	[1] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11897584/ [2] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7722634/ [3] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8631978/ [4] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9592085/ [5] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12603840/ [6] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23772801/ [7] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1544168/ [8] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29426002/ [9] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30294906/ [10] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35023619/

Clinical Trial Information

(data from https://clinicaltrials.gov, updated on 2024-05-22)

NCT Number	Recruitment	Conditions	Sponsor/Collaborators	Start Date	Phases
NCT04520139	Not yet recruiting	Ovarian Cancer\|Cognitive Impairment	University of California Irvine\|Jarrow Formulas Inc	December 2024	Phase 1\|Phase 2
NCT06112834	Not yet recruiting	Botulism	California Department of Public Health	June 2024	Phase 2
NCT06260566	Not yet recruiting	Biliary Atresia	Sanjiv Harpavat\|Baylor College of Medicine	May 2024	Phase 1
NCT06377410	Not yet recruiting	Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease	National University of Malaysia	May 1 2024	Not Applicable
NCT06223568	Not yet recruiting	Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck\|Oropharynx\|Human Papillomavirus Viruses\|Drug Therapy\|Cancer Vaccine	National Cancer Institute (NCI)\|National Institutes of Health Clinical Center (CC)	May 15 2024	Phase 2

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