Anti-infection

Inhibitory Selectivity

Anti-infection Products

All (573) Anti-infection Inhibitors (110) Anti-infection Activators (1)

Catalog No.	Information	Product Use Citations	Product Validations
S1047	Vorinostat (SAHA) Vorinostat (suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid, SAHA) is an HDAC inhibitor with IC50 of ~10 nM in a cell-free assay. Vorinostat abrogates productive HPV-18 DNA amplification.	Nat Biotechnol, 2020, 10.1038/s41587-019-0388-4 Cancer Cell, 2020, 13;37(4):599-617 e7 Nucleic Acids Res, 2020, 10.1093/nar/gkaa088	Western blot analysis of histone H3 acetylation in the spleen of untreated and vorinostat-treated hNF-E2 tg mice (n = 4 of each genotype).
S1009	Dactolisib (BEZ235) Dactolisib (BEZ235, NVP-BEZ235) is a dual ATP-competitive PI3K and mTOR inhibitor for p110α/γ/δ/β and mTOR(p70S6K) with IC50 of 4 nM /5 nM /7 nM /75 nM /6 nM in cell-free assays, respectively. Inhibits ATR with IC50 of 21 nM in 3T3^TopBP1-ER cell. Dactolisib induces autophagy and suppresses HIV-1 replication. Phase 2.	Nat Commun, 2020, 14;11(1):1825 Genome Med, 2020, 18;12(1):17 Biomaterials, 2020, 246:120012	Three-dimensional responses of MCF7/IGF-1R cells to TAM (1 μM), E2 and IGF-1. Compared to parental MCF7 cells (a), MCF7/IGF-1R cells (b) in three-dimensional (3D) culture formed bigger acini in response to IGF-1 stimulation and displayed significant TAM resistance when treated with TAM (1 μM) + E2 + IGF-1, which was removable by kinase inhibitors BMS-536924, U0126 and BEZ235 (c). Cells (10,000/well) were seeded in 96-well plates. Acini were formed on 100% Matrigel and cultured for 14 days in starving medium containing 2% Matrigel and 5% charcoal/dextran-stripped fetal bovine serum with the treatments as indicated. Concentrations used: TAM (1 μM), E2 (1 nM) and IGF-1 (100 ng/mL). Confocal image original magnification, × 20. Red, rhodamine phalloidin (actin). Blue, Hoechst blue stain. Results are representative of two individual experiments.
S1102	U0126-EtOH U0126-EtOH is a highly selective inhibitor of MEK1/2 with IC50 of 0.07 μM/0.06 μM in cell-free assays, 100-fold higher affinity for ΔN3-S218E/S222D MEK than PD98059. U0126 inhibits autophagy and mitophagy with antiviral activity.	Sci Adv, 2020, 1;6(18):eaaz7001 Autophagy, 2020, 16(6):1061-1076 EMBO Mol Med, 2020, 12(4):e11177	Cells were stimulated with TPA (10 nM) for 15 min in the presence of the indicated concentrations of U0126. Samples were collected and analyzed by Western blot to detect phosphorylated p42/p44 MAPK.
S5001	Tofacitinib (CP-690550) Citrate Tofacitinib citrate (CP-690550 citrate) is a novel inhibitor of JAK with IC50 of 1 nM, 20 nM and 112 nM against JAK3, JAK2, and JAK1, respectively. Tofacitinib citrate has anti-infection activity.	J Clin Invest, 2020, 130(2):863-876 Cancer Discov, 2020, 10(4):608-625 J Neuroinflammation, 2020, 29;17(1):170	CP-690550 reduced the severity of ischemic damage. (A) CP-690550 (10 μM) suppressed IL-17 production by cdT cells and activated memory T cells. cdT cells and CD4+ CD44+ memory T cells isolated from C5BL6J mice through flow cytometry were stimulated for 24 h with plate-bound monoclonal antibodies to CD3 (2 ng/ml) and CD28 (1 ng/ml) in the presence or absence of IL-23 (25 ng/ml). IL-17A production and IL-17A expression level were measured by quantitative RT-PCR (a) and ELISA (b). (B) CBF reduction after brain ischemia. (C) Time-dependent changes in neurological score. *p < 0.05. (D) Infarct volume as visualized through TTC staining on day 3 in CP-690550 (CP)- and vehicle-treated mice.
S6845^New	GRL0617 GRL0617 is a potent, selective and competitive noncovalent inhibitor of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV) papain-like protease (PLPro)/deubiquitinase with IC50 of 0.6 μM and Ki of 0.49 μM. GRL0617 inhibits SARS-CoV viral replication in Vero E6 cells with EC50 of 15 microM and has no associated cytotoxicity.
S6848^New	3'-Fluoro-3'-deoxythymidine (Alovudine) 3'-Fluoro-3'-deoxythymidine (Alovudine) is a potent inhibitor of polymerase γ and reverse transcriptase that can be used in the treatment of HIV infection. 3'-Fluoro-3'-deoxythymidine (Alovudine) is also a marker of DNA synthesis that can be used as an early response biomarker in the chemotherapy of pancreatic cancer.
S4307^New	Auranofin Auranofin (SKF-39162) is an inhibitor of thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) with IC50 of 88 nM for purified H. pylori TrxR in cell-free assay. Auranofin has anti-cancer activity and can completely inhibit bacterial growth at 1.2 μM. Auranofin is an FDA-approved gold-containing compound used for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.
S8969^New	EIDD-2801 EIDD-2801 is an orally bioavailable prodrug of the ribonucleoside analog β-d-N⁴-hydroxycytidine (NHC; EIDD-1931) with broad-spectrum antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2, MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV, and the causative agent of COVID-19.
S0436^New	Pleconaril Pleconaril is a capsid inhibitor used previously to treat enterovirus infections. Pleconaril is effective in inhibiting replication with IC50 of < 0.050 μM.
S0470^New	RSV604 RSV604, a novel benzodiazepine, is an inhibitor of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) with EC50 of 0.86 μM. RSV604 has significant potential for the effective treatment of RSV disease. Phase 2.
S0285^New	Bay 41-4109 racemate BAY 41-4109 racemate is a mixture of R-isomer of BAY 41-4109 and S-isomer of BAY 41-4109. BAY 41-4109 an antiviral compound that inhibits human hepatitis B virus (HBV) with IC50 of 53 nM.
S6814^New	GS-441524 GS-441524, a molecular precursor to a pharmacologically active nucleoside triphosphate molecule, is a potent inhibitor of feline infectious peritonitis virus (FIPV) with EC50 of 0.78 μM.
S5183^New	PD 169316 PD 169316 is a potent, selective and cell-permeable p38 MAP kinase inhibitor with IC50 of 89 nM. PD169316 abrogates signaling initiated by both TGFbeta and Activin A. PD169316 shows antiviral activity against Enterovirus71.
S0038^New	AB-423 AB-423, a member of the sulfamoylbenzamide (SBA) class of hepatitis B virus (HBV) capsid inhibitors, shows potent inhibition of HBV replication with EC50 of 0.08 μM - 0.27 μM and EC90 of 0.33 μM - 1.32 μM in cells. Phase 1.
S6689^New	Merimepodib Merimepodib is a potent, specific, and reversible inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase(IMPDH) inhibitor with antiviral activity against hepatitis C virus (HCV) and a variety of DNA and RNA viruses in vitro.Merimepodib is an immunosuppressive agent.
S6771^New	MAC-545496 MAC-545496 is a nanomolar glycopeptide-resistance-associated protein R(GraR) inhibitor with strong binding affinity to the full-length GraR protein (Kd ≤ 0.1 nM). MAC-545496 can reverse β-lactam resistance in methicillin-resistant strains and synergize with CAMPs. MAC-545496 shows remarkable activity in macrophages and attenuates S. aureus virulence in a G. mellonella larvae infection model.
S8932^New	Remdesivir (GS-5734) Remdesivir,a monophosphoramidate prodrug of an adenosine analog, is an investigational broad-spectrum antiviral agent with in vitro activity against multiple RNA viruses, including Ebola and CoV.
S6676^New	Ebselen Ebselen is a small-molecule capsid inhibitor of HIV-1 Replication with IC50 of 46.1 nM in TR-FRET assay.
S4303^New	9-Aminoacridine 9-Aminoacridine is a highly fluorescent dye used clinically as a topical antiseptic and experimentally as a mutagen, an intracellular pH indicator and a negative mode small molecule MALDI matrix.
S6549^New	PBTZ169 PBTZ169, an antibiotic with antimycobacterial activity, is an irreversible inhibitor of DprE1.	Cell Death Dis, 2019, 10(4):319
S8873^New	Letermovir（AIC246） Letermovir(AIC246, MK-8228) is a novel anti-CMV compound which targets the viral terminase complex and remains active against virus resistant to DNA polymerase inhibitors.
S1230	Flavopiridol (Alvocidib) Flavopiridol (Alvocidib) competes with ATP to inhibit CDKs including CDK1, CDK2, CDK4, CDK6, and CDK9 with IC50 values in the 20-100 nM range. It is more selective for CDK1, 2, 4, 6, 9 versus CDK7. Flavopiridol is initially found to inhibit EGFR and PKA. Flavopiridol induces autophagy and ER stress. Flavopiridol blocks HIV-1 replication. Phase 1/2.	Nature, 2020, 580(7801):147-150 Mol Cell, 2020, 7;S1097-2765(20)30269-0 Nucleic Acids Res, 2020, 24;gkaa268	(C) In vivo treatment of Tg:Pomc-Pttg;Pomc-eGFP embryos with small-molecule CDK inhibitors (50 μM) or 0.2% DMSO as control from 18 to 40 hpf. One hundred to one hundred fifty embryos were treated with each compound. Representative images of live embryos are shown with gross morphology (Right) and pituitary Pomc-GFP-positive cells at higher magnification (Left) at 40 hpf. Embryos exposed to flavopiridol developed early developmental defect before pituitary POMC cell ontogeny occurs. (D) Relative expression of pituitary Pomc-eGFP fluorescence analyzed using Volocity 5.2 software (Improvision; mean ±SE of relative expression, n = 7). (E) R-roscovitine specifically suppresses expansion of pituitary POMC cells overexpressing zPttg from 18 to 48 hpf. Double transgenic Tg:Pomc-Pttg;Prl-RFP embryos were generated by breeding Tg:Pomc-Pttg fish with a previously generated PRL-RFP transgenic line, in which RFP was targeted to pituitary lactotrophs by a zebrafish Prolactin promoter (34). Representative fluorescent microscopy of pituitary POMC-eGFP (a and b) and PRL-RFP (c and d) expression in live Tg:Pomc-Pttg; Pomc-eGFP and Tg:Pomc-Pttg;Prl-RFP embryos treated with 0.2% DMSO (a and c) or 50 μM R-roscovitine (b and d). (F) Relative expression of pituitary POMC-eGFP or PRL-RFP fluorescence were analyzed (mean ±SE of relative expression; n = 10). Results represent one of three similar experiments;P < 0.02 and *P < 0.000005. (Scale bar, 50 μm.)
S2003	Maraviroc Maraviroc is a CCR5 antagonist for MIP-1α, MIP-1β and RANTES with IC50 of 3.3 nM, 7.2 nM and 5.2 nM in cell-free assays, respectively. Maraviroc is used in the treatment of HIV infection.	Sci Adv, 2020, 22;6(21):eaaz8521 Mucosal Immunol, 2020, 28 Mol Cancer Ther, 2020, 13;molcanther11722019	CCR5 antagonists block FBS-induced breast cancer cell invasion. 3D reconstruction of FBS-induced invasion into collagen gels by Hs578T (A) or SUM-159 (C) breast cancer cells in presence of CCR5 antagonists (100 nmol/L). The corresponding quantifications (mean ±SEM, n = 3) and analysis (Bonferronit test) are displayed in B and D.
S1209	Fluorouracil (5-Fluorouracil, 5-FU) Fluorouracil (5-Fluorouracil, 5-FU) is a DNA/RNA synthesis inhibitor, which interrupts nucleotide synthetic by inhibiting thymidylate synthase (TS) in tumor cells. Fluorouracil induces apoptosis and can be used in the treatment of HIV.	Cancer Cell, 2020, 37(3):371-386 J Hematol Oncol, 2020, 1;13(1):40 Cancer Lett, 2020, 473:74-89	DNA-PKcs suppression mediated ROS production and GSH content in HepG2 cells exposed to CDDP and 5-Fu. a DNA-PKcs inhibition promoted ROS production in HepG2 cells treated with indicated concentrations of CDDP and 5-Fu. DCFH-DA fluorescent analysis was performed to assess the ROS level. Data presented were mean ?SD of three independent experiments.
S1537	DMXAA (Vadimezan) DMXAA (Vadimezan) is a vascular disrupting agents (VDA) and competitive inhibitor of DT-diaphorase with Ki of 20 μM and IC50 of 62.5 μM in cell-free assays, respectively. DMXAA (Vadimezan) is also a STING agonist with potential antineoplastic activity. DMXAA (Vadimezan) potently induces IFN-β but relatively low TNF-α expression in vitro. DMXAA (Vadimezan) has antiviral activity. Phase 3.	Immunity, 2020, 7 pii: S1074-7613(20)30129-1 Cancer Discov, 2019, 9(6):722-737 ChemMedChem, 2018, 13(19):2057-2064	(B and C) sh-scrambled or sh-ck2a–transducted L929 cells (B) and Raw cells (C) were stimulated by DMXAA (100 μg/ml) for various times. Cytosolic and nuclear extracts were prepared as described in Materials and Methods. Five percent of the cytosolic proteins and 20% of the nuclear proteins were resolved by 10% SDS-PAGE. Subsequently, immunoblotting was conducted by indicated Abs. The amounts of Tubulin and Lamin B1 in cytosol versus nuclei detected by respective Abs were used as internal control for fractionation.
S7046	Brefeldin A Brefeldin A is a lactone antibiotic and ATPase inhibitor for protein transport with IC50 of 0.2 μM in HCT 116 cells, induces cancer cell differentiation and apoptosis. It could also improve the HDR(homology-directed repair) efficiency and be an enhancer of CRISPR-mediated HDR. Brefeldin A is also an inhibitor of autophagy and mitophagy.	Cell Host Microbe, 2020, 11;27(3):476-485 e7 Ann Transl Med, 2020, 8(8):532 Nat Microbiol, 2019, 4(5):813-825	Cells were treated with brefeldin A or manumycin A, and the resulting supernatant was collected after 48 h for exosomal preparation (lanes 1 and 2), or exosomes obtained from C81 cells were trypsin-treated or freeze/thawed (F/T) and then trypsin-treated (lanes 3 and 4). Lanes 5 and 6, input exosome controls from C81 or CEM cells, respectively. Resulting exosomes were assayed for the presence of Tax by Western blotting.
S7015	Birinapant Birinapant is a SMAC mimetic antagonist, mostly to cIAP1 with K_d of <1 nM in a cell-free assay, less potent to XIAP. Birinapant helps to induce apoptosis in latent HIV-1-infected cells. Phase 2.	Cell Rep, 2020, 30(4):1260-1270 Cell Rep, 2020, 21;31(3):107547 Cell Death Differ, 2020, 26	Western blot analysis of XIAP and cIAP1 expression and PARP cleavage in H460, A549 and 34LU cells pre-treated with vorinostat or entinostat for 6h followed by the SMAC mimetic birinapant for 24h.
S1400	Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate belongs to a class of antiretroviral drugs, it inhibits the activity of HIV reverse transcriptase by competing with the natural substrate deoxyadenosine 5’-triphosphate and, after incorporation into DNA, by DNA chain termination.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother, 2019, 64(1) Antimicrob Agents Chemother, 2018, 62(6) Antimicrob Agents Chemother, 2018, 62(9)	Human PBMCs containing indicated concentrations of Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate were inoculated with 5 ng mock-exposed or semen-exposed R5-HIV-luciferase, or 50 ng R5-HIV-luciferase as infectivity matched control. Infection rates were determined 3 days post inoculation.
S1704	Emtricitabine Emtricitabine (FTC) is a new nucleoside agent that has activity against both human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis B virus. It is a reverse transcriptase inhibitor. Intracellular half-life is 39 h.	JCI Insight, 2019, 4(12) Nat Med, 2018, 24(5):604-609 Antimicrob Agents Chemother, 2018, 62(9)
S2597	Oseltamivir Phosphate Oseltamivir Phosphate is a potent and selective inhibitor of the neuraminidase that is essential for replication of influenza A and B viruses, used to prevent influenza.	J Cell Mol Med, 2018, 22(3):1826-1839 Infect Immun, 2015, 10.1128/IAI.03118-14 Drug Metab Dispos, 2014, 42(9):1522-31	Nystatin, filipin III, and oseltamivir inhibit the labeling of trophozoites by CTXB and GM1 antibodies. (A) Trophozoites were treated with nystatin (27 μM), filipin III (7.6 μM), and oseltamivir (20 μM) for 30 min before labeling with Alexa Fluor-conjugated CTXB antibody (images a to d) and GM1 antibody (images a′ to d′). Myriocin (27 μM), a sphingolipid inhibitor, was used as a negative control (images e and e′). N, nucleus; PM, plasma membrane; F, flagella; VD, ventral disc. Bars, 5 μm. (B and C) Changes in intensity of control and inhibitor-treated trophozoites. For intensity measurements, cells were randomly selected from 10 to 15 fields from 3 to 5 separate experiments. Approximately 50 cells were considered for each condition and were analyzed using Zeiss Zen 2009 confocal software. One-way ANOVAs were performed to evaluate differences (means ± SDs) between the treatment and control groups. Mean intensities from 3 to 5 separate experiments are shown in panels B and C. Statistical significance was calculated using a one-way ANOVA test, followed by the Tukey (B) and Holm-Šídák (C) methods. , P < 0.05; , P < 0.01; **, P < 0.001; NS, not significant.
S3021	Rimonabant Rimonabant is a selective antagonist of CB1 with IC50 of 13.6 nM and EC50 of 17.3 nM in hCB1 transfected HEK 293 membrane. Rimonabant is also a dual inhibitor of acyl CoA:cholesterol acyltransferases(ACAT) 1 and 2 and inhibits mycobacterial MmpL3.	Microbiol Immunol, 2020, 10.1111/1348-0421.12777
S8030	Plerixafor (AMD3100) Plerixafor (AMD3100) is a chemokine receptor antagonist for CXCR4 and CXCL12-mediated chemotaxis with IC50 of 44 nM and 5.7 nM in cell-free assays, respectively. Plerixafor inhibits human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) replication.	Cell Chem Biol, 2020, 10.1016/j.chembiol.2020.01.010 Mol Oncol, 2020, 14(4):779-794 J Biol Chem, 2020, 1 pii: jbc	BLI of NSG mice engrafted with BV173, treated with no therapy (control), plerixafor: 1 mg/kg IP daily, ESKM 100 ug twice weekly, and a combination of ESKM and plerixafor. (A) Logarithmic plot of BLI of leukemia growth measured weekly. Error bars are 5-95% confidence intervals. There was a small but not significant difference between ESKM and combination treated group. (B) End of therapy (day 34) BLI.
S1386	Nafamostat Mesylate Nafamostat mesilate is a synthetic serine protease inhibitor, used as an anticoagulant during hemodialysis. Nafamostat mesylate blocks activation of SARS-CoV-2 and is investigated as a new treatment option for COVID-19. Nafamostat Mesilate attenuates inflammation and apoptosis.	Br J Pharmacol, 2018, 175(17):3516-3533 Cancer Lett, 2016, 380(1):87-97 Med Oncol, 2016, 33(5):53	Immunofluorescence of NF-κB/p65 in HCT 116 and SW 1116 cells exposed to TNFα (25 ng/ml) with or without nafamostat mesilate(FLU) (100 μM). Scale bars: 20 μm.
S1627	Nitazoxanide Nitazoxanide is a synthetic nitrothiazolyl-salicylamide derivative and an antiprotozoal agent. (IC50 for canine influenza virus ranges from 0.17 to 0.21 μM)	bioRxiv, 2020, 2020/9/20.4.7.30734 Nat Chem Biol, 2018, 14(1):94-101
S1623	Acetylcysteine(N-acetylcysteine) Acetylcysteine(N-acetyl-l-cysteine) is a ROS(reactive oxygen species) inhibitor that antagonizes the activity of proteasome inhibitors. It is also a tumor necrosis factor production inhibitor. Acetylcysteine(N-acetyl-l-cysteine) suppresses TNF-induced NF-κB activation through inhibition of IκB kinases. Acetylcysteine(N-acetyl-l-cysteine) induces apoptosis via the mitochondria-dependent pathway. Acetylcysteine(N-acetyl-l-cysteine) inhibits ferroptosis and virus replication.Solutions of Acetylcysteine are best fresh-prepared.	Cell Death Differ, 2020, 10.1038/s41418-020-0496-1 J Hazard Mater, 2020, 5;391:122203 Oxid Med Cell Longev, 2020, 13;2020:3145182	(C) Double immunolabeling showed CK-labeled cells (green) co-expressed with 40, 6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) (blue), scale bars are 50 μm.
S8047	Dynasore Dynasore is a cell-permeable, reversible non-competitive dynamin inhibitor of GTPase activity of dynamin 1/2, with IC50 of 15 μM in a cell-free assay, also inhibits the mitochondrial dynamin Drp1, with no effect against other small GTPase. Dynasore suppresses mTORC1 activity and induces autophagy. Dynasore inhibits the entry of several viruses, including herpes simplex virus (HSV).	Nat Cell Biol, 2020, 1 J Immunol, 2020, 204(5):1146-1157 Sci Rep, 2020, 26;10(1):8686	Immunocytochemistry demonstrates NR4A1 nuclear location at control (non-chymase treated) in HL-1 cells (a). Chymase (2.5 ug/ml) treatment for 2 h induces NR4A1 (red) cytoplasmic translocation in HL-1 cells as well as myosin (green) disruption (panel b). Active chymase enters HL-1 cells and is prevented by Dynasore (c and d). There marked entry into HL-1 cell nuclei and cytoplasm after treatment with chymase (5 ug/ml) for 2 h that is prevented by pre-treatment with Dynasore. Lack of co-staining with caveolin 3 (green) demonstrates that chymase is not transported via caveolae. Dynasore prevents transferrin uptake in HL-1 cells.
S4157	Chloroquine diphosphate Chloroquine diphosphate is a 4-aminoquinoline anti-malarial and anti-rheumatoid agent, also acting as an ATM activator. Chloroquine is also an inhibitor of toll-like receptors (TLRs).	Autophagy, 2020, 10.1080/15548627.2020.1740529 Autophagy, 2020, 22:1-10 EMBO Rep, 2020, 6;21(5):e49232	NCI-H929 EV and miR-137 OE cells were treated with ATM activator Chloroquine Phosphate (CQ), specific ATM inhibitor KU-55933, and ATR inhibitor AZ20 for 12 hr. Immunoblotting showed the expression of p-ATM, p-Chk2, p-BRCA1, p-ATR and p-Chk1.
S2527	Methacycline HCl Methacycline HCl is a tetracycline antibiotic, and also an inhibitor of epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) with IC50 of roughly 5 μM, used to treat various infections.	Cancer Cell Int, 2020, 19;20:58 Sci Rep, 2018, 8(1):7653
S1677	Chloramphenicol Chloramphenicol is a bacteriostatic by inhibiting protein synthesis.
S2716	Peramivir Trihydrate Peramivir Trihydrate is a trihydrate of the anti-infection agent peramivir (RWJ-270201,BCX-1812) which is a transition-state analogue and a potent, specific influenza viral neuraminidase inhibitor with an IC50 of median 0.09 nM.	Emerg Microbes Infec, 2014, 3, e78 Emerg Microbes Infect, 2014, 3(11):e78	Dose-response curve of the SH5190, SH5190 R292K and the A(H1N1)pdm09 (2167) viruses in the presence of peramivir (C) using a chemiluminescent (NA-star) assay. The NA activity of the H7N9 or H1N1 viruses under increasing concentrations (0.03-1000 nM) of the NAIs was determined. Each data point represents the normalized mean ± SEM neuraminidase activity from three replicated wells. The experiments were repeated twice.
S1606	Clotrimazole Clotrimazole alters the permeability of the fungal cell wall by inhibiting the biosynthesis of ergosterol, used in the treatment of fungal infections.	J Cell Physiol, 2020, 10.1002 J Biol Chem, 2018, 293(1):333-344
S1956	Miconazole Nitrate Miconazole Nitrate is an imidazole antifungal agent by inhibiting ergosterol biosynthesis and inducing ROS, used to treat vaginal yeast infections.	Biomol Ther (Seoul), 2020, 25 Cell Death Dis, 2019, 10(6):413 FASEB J, 2019, 10.1096/fj.201802603RR
S2557	Terbinafine HCl Terbinafine HCl inhibits ergosterol synthesis by inhibiting squalene epoxidase, used as an antifungal drug.	J Cell Mol Med, 2020, 25
S2457	Clindamycin HCl Clindamycin HCl inhibits protein synthesis by acting on the 50S ribosomal, used for the treatment of bacterial infections.	Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 2016, 113(50):14408-14413
S1611	Cefoperazone Cefoperazone is a cephalosporin antibiotic for inhibition of rMrp2-mediated [³H]E₂17βG uptake with IC50 of 199 μM.
S3007	Zanamivir Zanamivir is a neuraminidase inhibitor used in the treatment and prophylaxis of influenza caused by influenza A virus and influenza B virus.	Emerg Microbes Infec, 2014, 3, e78 Emerg Microbes Infect, 2014, 3(11):e78	Dose-response curve of the SH5190, SH5190 R292K and the A(H1N1)pdm09 (2167) viruses in the presence of oseltamivir zanamivir (B) using a chemiluminescent (NA-star) assay. The NA activity of the H7N9 or H1N1 viruses under increasing concentrations (0.03-1000 nM) of the NAIs was determined. Each data point represents the normalized mean ± SEM neuraminidase activity from three replicated wells. The experiments were repeated twice.
S2908	Hygromycin B Hygromycin B, a selective antibiotic that is effective on most bacteria, fungi and higher eukaryotes, inhibits protein synthesis by interfering with translocation and causing mistranslation at the 70S ribosome.	Cell Rep, 2020, 30(1):25-36 Mol Pharmacol, 2019, 96(1):13-25
S1854	Bifonazole Bifonazole is a substituted imidazole antifungal agent.	Nature, 2018, 560(7718):372-376	Percentage of MBP+ oligodendrocytes generated from OPCs following treatment with azoles (c). n ≥ 4 wells per condition.
S1876	Valaciclovir HCl Valaciclovir HCl, an aciclovir prodrug, inhibits activity of virus DNA polymerase, used to treat infections caused by herpes simplex virus (HSV) and varicella zoster virus, and for prophylaxis against cytomegalovirus (CMV).
S1997	Liranaftate Liranaftate is a squalene epoxidase inhibitor with anti-fungicidal activities.
S4042	Nafcillin Sodium Nafcillin sodium reversibly inhibits β-lactamase with K_d of 33 mM.
S1791	Bacitracin Zinc Bacitracin is an antibiotic that interferes with the dephosphorylation of C55-isoprenyl pyrophosphate, a membrane carrier molecule that transports the building-blocks of the peptidoglycan bacterial cell wall outside of the inner membrane. It inhibits cleavage of Tyr from Met-enkephalin with IC50 of 10 μM.
S2572	Streptomycin sulfate Streptomycin sulfate is a sulfate salt of streptomycin that is a protein synthesis inhibitor.
S1685	Sulfanilamide Sulfanilamide (Sulphanilamide) is a competitive inhibitor for bacterial enzyme dihydropteroate synthetase with IC50 of 320 μM.
S8279	Shikonin Shikonin, a potent and specific Pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) inhibitor, is a major component of zicao (purple gromwell, the dried root of Lithospermum erythrorhizon), a Chinese herbal medicine with various biological activities. It is also an inhibitor of TMEM16A chloride channel activity using cell-based fluorescent-quenching assay.	Phytomedicine, 2020, 68:153189 Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai), 2020, 52(1):9-17 Int J Biol Sci, 2020, 16(1):147-161
S8750	NGI-1(ML414) NGI-1 is an aminobenzamide-sulfonamide compound that targets both oligosaccharyltransferase (OST) isoforms and therefore may exhibit antiviral activity against flaviviruses.
S2830	Clindamycin Clindamycin inhibits protein synthesis by acting on the 50S ribosomal, used for the treatment of bacterial infections.
S7311	Q-VD-Oph Q-VD-Oph is a potent pan-caspase inhibitor with IC50 ranged from 25 to 400 nM for caspases 1,3,8, and 9. Q-VD-OPh can inhibits HIV infection.	Nat Immunol, 2020, 21(5):546-554 Nat Commun, 2020, 24;11(1):1996 Cell Rep, 2020, 21;31(3):107547	UA and Q-VD-Oph attenuated TNF-α-induced unclear translocation of NF-κB (C) and P-STAT3(S727) (D) in BEAS-2B cells.
S5268	Solithromycin Solithromycin, belonging to the well-known class of macrolide antibiotics that also includes azithromycin, is a potent bacterial protein synthesis inhibitor.
S4970	Nerol Nerol is a monoterpene found in many essential oils such as lemongrass and hops. Nerol has antifungal activity, Nerol can trigger mitochondrial dysfunction and disruption via elevation of Ca2+ and ROS leading to apoptosis.
S7975	Favipiravir (T-705) Favipiravir (T-705) is a potent and selective RNA-dependent RNA polymerase inhibitor, used to treat influenza virus infections.	Viruses, 2020, 22;12(3) pii: E351 Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev, 2019, 14:47-55 PLoS Negl Trop Dis, 2019, 13(11):e0007904	(A) BoDV-1 infection was measured by IFA. BoDV-1 P40 was detected with a primary monoclonal antibody (red), nuclei were stained with DAPI (blue), merged image (scale bars: 50 μm). Favipiravir: T-705
S4941	Farnesol Farnesol is a natural sesquiterpene alcohol that is potent in treating antimetabolic disorders, anti-inflammation, showing antioxidant, anticancer, and antibiotic effects.
S7550	Erythromycin Cyclocarbonate Erythromycin Cyclocarbonate, derivative of Erythromycin, inhibits protein synthesis of bacteria by binding to the 50S ribosome.
S4599	Benzyl benzoate Benzyl benzoate is one of the older preparations used to treat scabies. Scabies is a skin infection caused by the mite sarcoptes scabiei.
S7784	Fumagillin Fumagillin is a selective and potent irreversible inhibitor of Methionine aminopeptidase 2 (MetAP2), used as an antibiotic to treat microsporidiosis.
S4861	Oxindole Oxindole is an aromatic heterocyclic organic compound which causes sedation, muscle weakness, hypotension, and coma when dosed in excess. Oxindole has anti-cancer, anti-HIV, anti-diabetic, antibacterial and other pharmacological activities.
S3077	Tazobactam Tazobactam is a β-lactamases Inhibitor with antibacterial activity. It also inhibits the class D oxacillinase OXA-2. It is used in combination with piperacillin and other β-lactam antibiotics to broaden their spectrum and enhance their effect.
S4946	2,3-Dihydroxybenzoic acid 2,3-Dihydroxybenzoic acid is a natural phenol found in Phyllanthus acidus and in the aquatic fern Salvinia molesta, also a product of human aspirin metabolism. It is a potentially useful iron-chelating drug and has antimicrobial properties.
S4647	Cefmenoxime hydrochloride Cefmenoxime, a potent inhibitor of Enterobacteriaceae, is a cephalosporin antibiotic that is administered intravenously or intramuscularly.
S5499	Amantadine Amantadine is an antiviral that is used in the prophylactic or symptomatic treatment of influenza A. It is an M2 inhibitor which blocks the ion channel formed by the M2 protein that spans the viral membrane.
S4602	Acetohydroxamic acid Acetohydroxamic acid is an Urease Inhibitor. In the urine, it acts as an antagonist of the bacterial enzyme urease.
S9303	Saikosaponin B2 Saikosaponin B2 is a naturally occurring terpenoid that efficiently inhibits hepatitis C virus entry.	Phytomedicine, 2019, 67:153163
S9018	Luteoloside Luteoloside is a member of the flavonoids family that exhibits several bioactivities including anti-microbial and anti-cancer activities. It is an inhibitor of 3C Protease of Enterovirus 71 with an IC50 value of 0.36 mM.
S5345	Nerolidol Nerolidol is a naturally occurring sesquiterpene found in the essential oils of many types of plants and flowers. It has diverse range of pharmacological and biological activities including antioxidant, anti-microbial, anti-biofilm, anti-parasitic, insecticidal, anti-ulcer, skin penetration enhancer, anti-tumor, anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory properties.	Int Immunopharmacol, 2020, 80:106118
S7775	Emricasan Emricasan is a potent irreversible pan-caspase inhibitor. Emricasan is an inhibitor of Zika virus infection.	Nature, 2020, 580(7803):391-395 Nat Immunol, 2020, 21(5):546-554 Immunity, 2020, 22 pii: S1074-7613(20)30160-6
S9063	Harringtonine Harringtonine is a natural cephalotaxine alkaloid that inhibits protein biosynthesis. It also exhibits antiviral and anticancer activities.
S4430	Hydroxychloroquine Sulfate Hydroxychloroquine Sulfate is an antimalarial agent used for the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis and other autoimmune, inflammatory and dermatologic conditions. Also acts as an inhibitor of autophagy and toll-like receptor (TLR) 7/9.	Nat Commun, 2020, 24;11(1):1985 Geroscience, 2020, 10.1007/s11357-020-00166-4 J Cell Physiol, 2020, 10.1002/jcp.29433	C, SA-beta gal staining results of A549-LKB1 cells treated by trametinib (30 nmol/L), radiotherapy (2 Gy), and HCQ (50 μmol/L). Cells were treated by HCQ and/or trametinib 4 hours prior to radiotherapy. Drugs were washed out 24 hours after radiotherapy. Cells were incubated for additional 48 hours before staining. D, Clonogenic survival assay of A549-LKB1 cells treated with trametinib (30 nmol/L) and HCQ (50 μmol/L).
S9064	Trilobatin Trilobatin, a natural flavonoid lipid molecule, is an HIV-1 entry inhibitor targeting the HIV-1 Gp41 envelope and exihibits anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effect.
S5704	Myclobutanil Myclobutanil is a widely used triazole fungicide and also a steroid demethylation inhibitor.
S4983	Sorbic acid Sorbic acid is a naturally occurring compound that originated from the unripe berries of the Rowan Tree. It inhibits various bacteria, including sporeformers, at various stages of their life cycle (germination, outgrowth and cell division).
S9070	Isoxanthohumol Isoxanthohumol is one of the most important prenylflavonoids found in hops. It exhibits an antiproliferative activity against human breast cancer cell lines, ovarian cancer, prostate cancer, and colon cancer cells. Isoxanthohumol shows an antiviral activity towards herpes viruses (HSV1 and HSV2) and bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV).
S4198	Aminothiazole Aminothiazole can be used as a thyroid inhibitor and it has antibacterial activity.
S9072	Sweroside Sweroside, a bioactive herbal ingredient isolated from Fructus Corni, exhibits diverse biological activities, such as anti-fungal, anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-tumor effects.
S5927	Proguanil Proguanil is a prophylactic antimalarial drug. It inhibits the dihydrofolate reductase of plasmodia and thereby blocks the biosynthesis of purines and pyrimidines, which are essential for DNA synthesis and cell multiplication.
S3710	Fosfomycin calcium Fosfomycin is bactericidal and inhibits bacterial cell wall biogenesis by inactivating the enzyme UDP-N-acetylglucosamine-3-enolpyruvyltransferase, also known as MurA. It enters the bacterial cell through the glycerophosphate transporter.
S5166	Benzoyleneurea Benzoyleneurea scaffold is used in the synthesis of novel protein geranylgeranyltransferase-I inhibitors. Benzoyleneurea possesses anti-bacterial activity.
S5025	Efinaconazole Efinaconazole is an inhibitor of 14 alpha-demethylase which is involved in the biosynthesis of ergosterol, a constituent of fungal cell membranes.
S3667	Imipenem Imipenem acts as an inhibitor of AmpC β-lactamase and is an antibiotic useful for the treatment of a number of bacterial infections.
S4104	Diminazene Aceturate Diminazene is a di-amidine also known as 4,4-(1-Triazene–1,3–diyl)bis(benzenecarboximidamide), used as an effective trypanocidal agent. The main biochemical mechanism of the trypanocidal actions of Diminazene aceturate is by binding to trypanosomal kinetoplast DNA (kDNA) in a non-intercalative manner through specific interaction with sites rich in adenine-thymine base pairs. Diminazene aceturate is also an angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) activator and has strong and potent anti-inflammatory properties.	Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol, 2020, 10.1152/ajplung.00025.2020
S4105	Closantel Sodium Closantel is a gram positive antibacterial activity inhibitor, inhibiting the KinA/Spo0F system with IC50 of 3.8 μM.
S4106	Closantel Closantel is a gram positive antibacterial activity inhibitor, inhibiting the KinA/Spo0F system with IC50 of 3.8 μM.
S3711	Carbasalate Calcium Carbasalate calcium is an analgesic, antipyretic, and anti-inflammatory drug as well as a platelet aggregation inhibitor.
S3732	Avibactam sodium Avibactam is a covalent, reversible, non-β-lactam β-lactamase inhibitor with IC50 values of 8, 80, and 38 nM for TEM-1, P99, and KPC-2 β-lactamases, respectively.	mBio, 2020, 14;11(2) pii: e00603-20
S4701	2-Deoxy-D-glucose 2-Deoxy-D-glucose, an analog of glucose, is a glycolytic inhibitor with antiviral activity. 2-Deoxy-D-glucose induces apoptosis and inhibits Herpes Simplex Virus type-1 (HSV-1) receptor expression.	Cancer Cell, 2020, 13;37(4):599-617 e7 PLoS Pathog, 2020, 9;16(6):e1008568 Metabolism, 2020, 13;107:154231	(B) 2-DG activates AMPK and suppresses H3K27me3, PRC2 of ovarian cancer cells in normoglycemic condition.
S9341	3,4-Dimethoxycinnamic acid 3,4-Dimethoxycinnamic acid is a bioavailable coffee component as a perspective anti-prion compound and bind potently to prion protein with a Kd of 405 nM.
S2348	Rotenone (Barbasco) Rotenone is a botanical insecticide that is an inhibitor of mitochondrial electron transport.	G3 (Bethesda), 2020, 4;10(5):1585-1597 Nat Commun, 2019, 10(1):3856 Mol Neurobiol, 2018, 55(5):4078-4089
S4515	Ademetionine disulfate tosylate Ademetionine Disulfate Tosylate is the disulfate-tosylate mixed salt of a mixture of diastereoisomers of the ademetionine ions. Ademetionine possesses anti-inflammatory activity and has been used in treatment of chronic liver disease.
S3028	Geneticin (G418 Sulfate) Geneticin (G418 Sulfate), an aminoglycoside antibiotic, is an elongation inhibitor of 80 S ribosomes that blocks polypeptide synthesis by inhibiting the elongation step in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.	Mol Ther Oncolytics, 2020, 29;17:21-30 G3 (Bethesda), 2020, 4;10(5):1585-1597 Mol Cell, 2019, 75(6):1103-1116.e9
S7417	Puromycin 2HCl Puromycin 2HCl is an aminonucleoside antibiotic, which acts as a protein synthesis inhibitor.	Autophagy, 2020, 15:1-13 Cell Rep, 2020, 30(2):497-509 Oncogene, 2020, 39(21):4212-4226
S4780	7-Methoxy-4-methylcoumarin 7-Methoxy-4-methylcoumarin is a coumarin derivative and fluorescent label. 7-Methoxy-4-methylcoumarin has an antimicrobial activitiy against both gram positive and gram negative bacterial stains. 4-Methylherniarin displays good activity against B. subtilis and S.sonnei with IC50 of 11.76 μg/ml and 13.47 μg/ml, respectively.
S4783	Benzyl isothiocyanate Benzyl isothiocyanate (BITC) is an isothiocyanate originally found in cruciferous vegetables that exhibits immunomodulatory, anti-parasitic, antibiotic, antioxidative, anti-atherosclerotic, anti-angiogenic, anti-metastatic, anticancer chemotherapeutic, and chemopreventive activities.	Biomolecules, 2019, 9(12)
S7867	Oleuropein Oleuropein is an antioxidant polyphenol isolated from olive leaf. Oleuropein exerts antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-atherogenic effects and suppresses the adipocyte differentiation in vitro. Oleuropein inhibits PPARγ activity. Oleuropein exerts anti-adipogenic effect through direct inhibition of PPARγ transcriptional activity. Oleuropein also inhibits aromatase. Oleuropein induces apoptosis. Phase 2.
S4549	Antimonyl potassium tartrate trihydrate Antimony potassium tartrate trihydrate is a powerful emetic, also used in the treatment of schistosomiasis and leishmaniasis.
S4286	Anidulafungin (LY303366) Anidulafungin (LY303366), an echinocandin derivative, inhibits glucan synthase activity, used as an antifungal drug.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother, 2020, 64(2) BMC Infect Dis, 2020, 19;20(1):287 Front Microbiol, 2020, 10:2936	Effect of Anidulafungin on hemolysis. Arithmetic means ± SEM (n = 8) of the percentage of hemolytic erythrocytes following incubation for 48 hours to Ringer solution without (white bar) or with (black bars) Anidulafungin (1.5-6 μg/ml). ***(p<0.001) indicates significant difference from the absence of Anidulafungin (ANOVA).
S5952	Baloxavir marboxil Baloxavir marboxil, a cap-endonuclease inhibitor, is an antiviral drug.
S7419	Blasticidin S HCl Blasticidin S HCl is a nucleoside antibiotic isolated from Stretomyces girseochromogenes, and acts as a DNA and protein synthesis inhibitor, used to select transfected cells carrying bsr or BSD resistance genes.	Cells, 2020, 9(1) Nat Chem Biol, 2019, 15(11):1110-1119 Cell, 2018, 174(6):1477-1491
S7465	FTI 277 HCl FTI 277 HCl is the methyl ester of FTI 277, which is a potent and selective farnesyltransferase (FTase) inhibitor with IC50 of 500 pM, about 100-fold selectivity over the closely related GGTase I. FTI 277 HCl inhibits cell growth and induces apoptosis. FTI 277 HCl is effective in clearing HDV viremia.	Nat Commun, 2019, 10(1):273 Cancer Lett, 2018, 442:202-212 Oncol Rep, 2018, 40(4):2171-2182	(A) HCT 116 cells were treated with Tram (0, 30, or 60 nM), and then treated with 10 μM FTI-277/4 μM GGTI-298 or vehicle control for 48 hr. CCK8 assays were performed to assess cell proliferation and growth. The data from a representative example of three independent experiments are presented as the mean±SD. (B) SW480 and MDA-MB-231 cells were treated with Tram (0, 80, 160 nM), and then treated with 10 μM FTI-277/4 μM GGTI-298 or vehicle control for 48 hr. CCK8 assays were performed to assess cell proliferation and growth. The data from a representative example of three independent experiments are presented as the mean±SD.
S4854	Bedaquiline fumarate Bedaquiline fumarate, an oral diarylquinoline, is a bactericidal antimycobacterial drug. It is a proton-translocating ATP synthetase inhibitor.
S1958	Sulbactam Sulbactam is a beta-lactamase inhibitor with an average IC50 of 0.8 μM.
S4564	Diethylcarbamazine citrate Diethylcarbamazine citrate is an inhibitor of arachidonic acid metabolism in filarial microfilaria and is highly specific for several parasites and does not contain any toxic metallic elements.
S4389^New	Bephenium Hydroxynaphthoate Bephenium is an activator of B-type Acetylcholine receptor (AChR). Bephenium selectively activates the Hco-L-AChR1 subtype made of Hco-UNC-29.1, Hco-UNC-38, Hco-UNC-63, Hco-ACR-8 subunits. Bephenium hydroxynaphthoate is an anthelmintic agent formerly used in the treatment of hookworm infections and ascariasis.
S1208	Doxorubicin (Adriamycin) HCl Doxorubicin (Adriamycin) HCl is an antibiotic agent that inhibits DNA topoisomerase II and induces DNA damage, mitophagy and apoptosis in tumor cells. Doxorubicin reduces basal phosphorylation of AMPK. Doxorubicin is used in the concomitant treatment of HIV-infected patients but is found to be at high risk of HBV reactivation.	Nat Commun, 2020, 24;11(1):1972 PLoS Biol, 2020, 23;18(3):e3000666 Cancer Res, 2020, 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-19-2069	Cell viabilities with increasing concentrations of cisplatin (CP) and doxorubicin (DOXO) under normoxic and hypoxic condition for 48 hours were determined by MTT assay. IC50 values are presented as the means ?SDs (n=4) and * denotes p<0.05.
S4408^New	Procodazole Procodazole is used as a potentiator which is non-specific active immunoprotective against viral and bacterial infections.
S0443^New	Desciclovir Desciclovir (DCV) is a prodrug of the antiherpetic agent acyclovir (ACV) that converted into ACV by xanthine oxidase in humans.
S6761^New	Dalfopristin Dalfopristin is a semi-synthetic analogue of ostreogyrcin A, Quinupristin/dalfopristin is a new combination streptogramin product with a selective spectrum of antibacterial activity, mainly against gram-positive aerobic bacteria.
S9466^New	Methenamine Hippurate Methenamine Hippurate is the hippurate salt form of methenamine, a prodrug and inactive weak base that is hydrolyzed to formaldehyde in acid urine.Methenamine Hippurate is the component of Hiprex drug which has antibacterial activity.
S4393^New	Cephapirin Sodium Cephapirin Sodium is the sodium salt form of cephapirin, a semi-synthetic, first-generation cephalosporin antibiotic with bactericidal activity.Cephapirin Sodium is effective against gram-negative and gram-positive organisms.
S4404^New	Pasiniazid Pasiniazid is a composition of isoniazid and 4-aminosalicylic acid, used to treat tuberculosis patients.
S6729^New	Besifovir Besifovir is novel and potent acyclic nucleotide phosphonate used to treat hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection.
S4421^New	Josamycin Josamycin is a macrolide antibiotic from Streptomyces narbonensis. The drug has antimicrobial activity against a wide spectrum of pathogens.
S6582^New	Ozenoxacin Ozenoxacin is a quinolone antibiotic used for the treatment of impetigo.
S8871^New	Omadacycline tosylate Omadacycline is a first-in-class aminomethylcycline antibiotic, demonstrating antimicrobial activity in vitro against a range of Gram-positive and Gram-negative aerobes and some anaerobic bacteria.
S6562^New	KKL-35 KKL-35 inhibits the trans-translation tagging reaction with an IC50 of 0.9 µM. It has broad-spectrum antibiotic activity.
S3013	Plerixafor 8HCl (AMD3100 8HCl) Plerixafor 8HCl (AMD3100 8HCl) is the hydrochloride of Plerixafor, a chemokine receptor antagonist for CXCR4 and CXCL12-mediated chemotaxis with IC50 of 44 nM and 5.7 nM in cell-free assays, respectively. Plerixafor can be used as an anti-HIV agent.	Mol Oncol, 2020, 14(4):779-794 Biol Reprod, 2019, 101(1):102-111 Gastroenterology, 2018, 155(3):880-891.e8	BLI of NSG mice engrafted with BV173, treated with no therapy (control), plerixafor: 1 mg/kg IP daily, ESKM 100 ug twice weekly, and a combination of ESKM and plerixafor. (A) Logarithmic plot of BLI of leukemia growth measured weekly. Error bars are 5-95% confidence intervals. There was a small but not significant difference between ESKM and combination treated group. (B) End of therapy (day 34) BLI.
S1373	Daptomycin Daptomycin is a novel antibiotic with rapid in vitro bactericidal activity against gram-positive organisms.	Front Microbiol, 2020, 21;11:646 PLoS One, 2020, 15(2):e0228509 ACS Infect Dis, 2019, 5(4):539-549	Same experiment as in Figure 2 with fluorescent daptomycin shown as confocal images. A 7/3 DOPC/DOPG GUV (including 1% Rh-PE) was introduced at time zero into a solution containing 1 uM daptomycin with 0.5 uM BODIPY-daptomycin and 1 mM Ca2+. To show colocalization of lipid and peptide in aggregates, confocal images were taken: red for RH-PE and green for BODIPY-daptomycin. As the protrusion length decreased, aggregates appeared on the GUV surface containing both lipid and peptide. The scale bar is 10 um.
S1408	Linezolid Linezolid is a synthetic antibiotic used for the treatment of serious infections.	Front Microbiol, 2020, 11:265 J Mol Cell Biol, 2019, pii: mjz020 PLoS One, 2019, 14(10):e0222970
S1097	BTZ043 Racemate BTZ043 racemate is a decaprenylphosphoryl-β-_D-ribose 2'-epimerase (DprE1) inhibitor acting as a new antimycobacterial agent that kill Mycobacterium tuberculosis.	J Med Chem, 2020, 28;63(10):5367-5386 Biochem Pharmacol, 2019, 162:41-54 Blood Adv, 2019, 3(5):797-812
S1517	Natamycin Natamycin, a natural and versatile anti-fungal agent during fermentation by the bacterium Streptomyces natalensis, commonly found in soil; with little to no flavour interference	Expert Opin Drug Deliv, 2020, 17(3):407-421
S1403	Tigecycline Tigecycline is bacteriostatic and is a protein synthesis inhibitor by binding to the 30S ribosomal subunit of bacteria and thereby blocking entry of Aminoacyl-tRNA into the A site of the ribosome during prokaryotic translation.	Sci Rep, 2018, 8(1):11747 BMC Infect Dis, 2017, 17(1):197 J Clin Invest, 2016, 3;126(10):3739-3757	CHX blocked Pim-1 AUG isoform translocation from the cytosol to mitochondria and led to reduced pBADS112. Cox-2 was examined to assess the effect of tigecycline on mitochondrial translation. Cy-Cox-2: cytoplasmic Cox-2; Mt-Cox-2: mitochondrial Cox-2.
S1878	Ganciclovir Ganciclovir is an antiviral drug for feline herpesvirus type-1 with IC50 of 5.2 μM in a cell-free assay.	Mol Cancer Ther, 2020, 19(3):966-971 PLoS One, 2019, 14(6):e0218471 Cell Stem Cell, 2017, 20(3):407-414.e4	Effect of ganciclovir on viral DNA accumulation (A,B) and induction of TGF-β1 production after human cytomegalovirus infection in human trabecular meshwork cells (C). Cells were harvested at 5 day post-infection at a high multiplicity of infection (MOI 1) under the treatment with different concentrations of ganciclovir (GAN). Treatment with 10 μmol of ganciclovir significantly decreased the viral DNA accumulation (p < 0.001) (A,B). However, treatment with ganciclovir did not affect the TGF-β production using a TGF-β1 luciferase bioassay. Results are expressed as the mean +/− standard deviation of three different experiments.
S2504	Ribavirin Ribavirin, a synthetic guanosine analogue, possesses a broad spectrum of activity against DNA and RNA viruses.	Toxicology, 2020, 15;435:152422 bioRxiv, 2020, 2020/9/20.4.7.30734 PLoS Negl Trop Dis, 2019, 13(7):e0007595	(E) Left panel, Western blot showed that 20 μM Ribavirin effectively inhibits elevated Sox2 expression in irradiated SW1990 cells. Right panel, qPCR analysis showed that Sox2 mRNA level in irradiated SW1990 cells at 48 hours was lower than that in non-irradiated SW1990 cells, *p < 0.05. (F) Left panel, Western blot showed 20 μM Ribavirin inhibits elevated Sox2 expression in irradiated BxPc-3 cells. Right panel, qPCR analysis showed that there is no significant fluctuation of Sox2 mRNA in irradiated BxPc-3 cells and Ribavirin did not influence sox2 mRNA level in irradiated BxPc-3 cells.
S1807	Aciclovir Aciclovir is a synthetic nucleoside analogue active against herpesviruses.	Sci Adv, 2019, 5(8):eaax0780 Nat Immunol, 2019, 20(12):1681-1691 Oncol Rep, 2017, 37(4):2109-2120	(A) HONE1 and (B) HK1-EBV cells were treated with TPA (40 ng/ml) and SB (3 mM) for EBV induction. After 3 h, uninduced and induced HONE1 and HK1-EBV cells were treated with the vehicle control (0.006% DMSO) or indicated concentrations of berberine for 48 h. Subsequently, the culture medium was harvested for quantitative-PCR analysis with EBNA1 primers. Each sample was normalized to the amount of the GAPDH gene; *p<0.05, compared with the control group.
S1374	Doripenem Hydrate Doripenem Hydrate is an ultra-broad-spectrum injectable antibiotic, used to treat complicated intra-abdominal infections and complicated urinary tract infections.	ACS Chem Biol, 2018, 13(8):2020-2026
S1381	Meropenem Meropenem is an ultra-broad spectrum injectable antibiotic.
S1162	Pretomanid (PA-824) PA-824 is an anti-tuberculosis drug for tuberculosis with MIC less than 2.8 μM.Phase 2.
S1934	Nystatin (Fungicidin) Nystatin, which belongs to the polyene group of antimycotics, is frequently used as a topical agent in the treatment of oro-pharyngeal candidosis.	Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Res, 2020, 1867(5):118676 Fish Shellfish Immunol, 2019, 84:138-147 International Journal of Peptide Research and Therapeutics, 2015, 10.1007/s10989-014-9440-x
S1741	Rifabutin Rifabutin is a semisynthetic ansamycin antibiotic, used in the treatment of Mycobacterium avium intracellulare (MAI) and tuberculosis.	Antibiotics (Basel), 2020, 9(2)
S1370	Biapenem Biapenem is a carbapenem antibiotic with activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains.
S1351	Ivermectin Ivermectin is a glutamate-gated chloride channel (GluCls) activator, used as a broad-spectrum antiparasitic drug.	J Cell Mol Med, 2020, 24(9):5387-5401 Cureus, 2020, 12(1):e6714 Cell Death Dis, 2019, 10(2):118
S1371	Cefoselis Sulfate Cefoselis is a widely used beta-lactam antibiotic.
S2159	Tebipenem Pivoxil Tebipenem pivoxil is an oral carbapenem antibiotic, use to treat otolaryngologic and respiratory infections.
S1636	Amphotericin B Amphotericin B (AmB) is an amphipathic polyene antibiotic which permeabilizes ergosterol-containing membranes.	J Antimicrob Chemother, 2019, 74(10):2950-2958 J Antimicrob Chemother, 2019, 74(10):2943-2949 Sci Rep, 2019, 9(1):9482
S1282	Artemisinin Artemisinin is a sesquiterpene endoperoxide which is a potent antimalarial agent.	Antiviral Res, 2020, 29:104810 Biomed Pharmacother, 2019, 117:109181
S1399	Teicoplanin Teicoplanin is a glycopeptide antibiotic, used to treat serious infections caused by Gram-positive bacteria.	Clin Exp Dent Res, 2016, 2(1):35-43
S2468	Fenbendazole Fenbendazole is a broad spectrum benzimidazole anthelmintic used against gastrointestinal parasites with an IC50 of about 0.01 μg/mL.
S1505	Aztreonam Aztreonam is a synthetic monocyclic beta-lactam antibiotic, used to treat Gram-negative aerobic bacteria infection.	Expert Opinion on Orphan Drugs, 2013, 1(7):549-556
S1725	Terbinafine Terbinafine is used to treat infections caused by a fungus. It works by killing the fungus or preventing its growth.	J Cell Mol Med, 2020, 25 Eur J Pharm Sci, 2019, 136:104945 BMC Microbiol, 2018, 18(1):203
S2510	Spectinomycin 2HCl Spectinomycin 2HCl is a new parenteral antibiotic prepared from Streptomyces spectabilis.
S1768	Cefditoren Pivoxil Cefditoren Pivoxil is a broad-spectrum antibiotic against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria.
S1450	Nanchangmycin Nanchangmycin is a polyether antibiotic with similar structure to dianemycin and is very active against a broad spectrum of harmful nematodes and insects but not for mammals and plants.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother, 2020, 1;AAC.00289-20 J Virol, 2017, 91(23) Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess, 2015, 32(5):686-701
S1839	Chloroxine Chloroxine is a synthetic antibacterial compound that is effective in the treatment of dandruff and seborrheic dermatitis when incorporated in a shampoo.	Front Microbiol, 2020, 10:2936
S2264	Artemether Artemether is an antimalarial for the treatment of resistant strains of falciparum malaria.	Cancer Cell Int, 2020, 19;20:58 PLoS Negl Trop Dis, 2015, 9(3):e0003593	Schistosomicidal effects of PZQ, ART(Artemether) and OXA on 14-day schistosomula. Magnification of the in vitro-cultured schistosomula treated with PZQ, ART, and OXA at 10 μM. Drugs were added at day 14 and schistosomula were analyzed at day 21 (late treatment). 0.1% DMSO in medium (solvent of the drugs; used as negative control) had no effect on schistosomula development.
S1666	Flucytosine Flucytosine (5-Fluorocytosine, 5-FC) is an antifungal drug with IC50 of 0.93 μM in C. albicans.
S1998	D-Cycloserine D-cycloserine is an analog of the amino acid D-alanine, used as an antibiotic in the treatment of tuberculosis.
S2479	Lincomycin HCl Lincomycin hydrochloride(Lincocin) is the monohydrated salt of lincomycin, a substance produced by the growth of a member of the lincolnensis group of Streptomyces lincolnensis.	Cancer Cell Int, 2020, 19;20:58 Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 2016, 113(50):14408-14413
S1605	Cefdinir Cefdinir is an oral cephalosporin antibiotic, used to treat bacterial infections in many different parts of the body.
S3073	Caspofungin Acetate Caspofungin acetate is an lipopeptide antifungal β-1,3-glucan synthase inhibitor.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother, 2020, 64(2) Biotechnol Adv, 2019, 37(6):107352 J Antimicrob Chemother, 2019, 74(10):2950-2958
S2528	Ciclopirox Ciclopirox is a broad-spectrum antifungal agent working as an iron chelator.
S2152	Sitafloxacin Hydrate Sitafloxacin Hydrate is a new-generation, broad-spectrum oral fluoroquinolone antibiotic.	Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg, 2018, 10.1093/icvts/ivy209 mSphere, 2018, 3(5)
S1502	Cephalexin Cephalexin is an antibiotic that can treat a number of bacterial infections.	Clin Cancer Res, 2018, 24(3):659-673 Theranostics, 2017, 7(7):2092-2107 Blood Cancer J, 2017, 10.1038/bcj.2017.61
S1835	Azithromycin Azithromycin is an antibiotic by inhibiting protein synthesis, used for the treatment of bacterial infections.	Cancer Cell Int, 2020, 19;20:58 Clin Transl Med, 2020, 9(1):22 mBio, 2018, 9(5)
S1773	Oxytetracycline (Terramycin) Oxytetracycline is a broad-spectrum tetracycline antibiotic, used to treat infections with bacteria.	Sci Rep, 2018, 8(1):7653 Front Microbiol, 2016, 7: 1765	Effect of FDA approved drugs on EBOV transfected donor and recipient immune cells. (A) Varying concentrations of Cambinol and Esomepraole (1 nM, 1 μM, 10 μM), Oxytetracycline (1 nM, 10 nM, 10 μM), and DMSO (0.00001, 0.0001, 0.001%) treatments were administered to VP40-transfected 293T cells, followed by incubation for 3 days. Supernatant was centrifuged to remove cellular material and subsequently incubated for 72 h at 4°C with 20 μL of 30% slurry of NT80/82 beads. The NT pellet was washed twice with PBS and resuspended in SDS Laemmli buffer, followed by Western blot analysis for levels of exosomal markers CD63 and Alix. Actin levels were also analyzed. Mid-log phase EVTR2C cells (containing VP40) were treated with either low (0.1 μM), medium (1 μM), or high (10 μM) concentrations of Oxytetracycline and incubated for 5 days along with untreated 293T cells. Cell-free supernatants were harvested, filtered, and used to treat CEM (B), Jurkat (C), and U937 (D) cells. Cells were incubated for 5 days and assayed with CellTiter-Glo for viability. Statistical significance was determined using two-tailed student’s t-test with all groups compared to the untreated 293T cell control groups. RLU, Relative Luminescent Units. ∗p < 0.05, ∗∗∗p < 0.001.
S1637	Docosanol Docosanol is a saturated fatty alcoholused traditionally as an emollient, emulsifier, and thickener in cosmetics, nutritional supplement. (ED50=2.5 mg/mL for plaque inhibition, and ED50=1.7 mg/mL for inhibition of virus production)
S2535	Econazole nitrate Econazole Nitrate is a Ca2+ channel blocker, used as an antifungal medicine that fights infections caused by fungus.	Biomol Ther (Seoul), 2020, 25
S2568	Neomycin sulfate Neomycin sulfate is an aminoglycoside antibiotic, used to treat bacteria infections.	Mol Cell, 2020, 22 pii: S1097-2765(20)30231-8
S1777	Ethionamide Ethionamide is an antibiotic used in the treatment of tuberculosis.
S1635	Erythromycin Erythromycin is a macrolide antibiotic that has an antimicrobial spectrum similar to or slightly wider than that of penicillin (IC50=1.5 μg/ml).	J Med Chem, 2018, 61(9):4189-4202
S2420	Aloperine Aloperine is an isolated alkaloid in sophora plants such as Sophora alopecuroides L, and exhibits anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antiviral, and anti-tumor properties.	J Cancer Res Clin Oncol, 2020, 10.1007/s00432-020-03157-2 PeerJ, 2019, 7:e7652 Onco Targets Ther, 2018, 11:2735-2743
S4226	Minocycline HCl Minocycline HCl is the most lipid soluble and most active tetracycline antibiotic, binds to the 30S ribosomal subunit, preventing the binding of tRNA to the mRNA-ribosome complex and interfering with protein synthesis.	J Neurosci, 2020, 40(2):297-310 Antimicrob Agents Chemother, 2020, 6 pii: AAC Neuropharmacology, 2020, 11:108132
S2486	Moroxydine HCl Moroxydine HCl is a synthetic antiviral compound chemically belonging to the series of the heterocyclic biguanidines.	Cancer Cell Int, 2020, 19;20:58
S1644	Nitrofural Nitrofural is a topical anti-infective agent with an IC50 of 22.83 ± 1.2 μM. (Rat LD50 = 590 mg/kg)
S3079	Atovaquone Atovaquone is a medication used to treat or prevent for pneumocystis pneumonia, toxoplasmosis, malaria, and babesia.	Sci Transl Med, 2015, 7(290):290ra89
S4050	Valganciclovir HCl Valganciclovir HCl is a prodrug for ganciclovir with antiviral activity used to treat cytomegalovirus infections.	Transl Res, 2016, 177:113-126
S4052	Netilmicin Sulfate Netilmicin Sulfate is a member of the aminoglycoside family of antibiotics.	J Cancer Res Clin Oncol, 2019, 145(6):1495-1507
S4082	Spiramycin Spiramycin is a 16-membered ring macrolide (antibiotic).	Chemistry, 2020, 10.1002/chem.201905599
S2565	Amoxicillin Sodium Amoxicillin Sodium is a moderate- spectrum, bacteriolytic, β-lactam antibiotic.	Toxicol Appl Pharmacol, 2015, 285(1):51-60
S2544	Cefprozil hydrate Cefprozil hydrate is a semi-synthetic broad-spectrum cephalosporin antibiotic, used to treat certain infections caused by bacteria, such as bronchitis and infections of the ears, throat, sinuses, and skin.
S2563	Oxacillin sodium monohydrate Oxacillin sodium monohydrate is an antibacterial agent and is a narrow spectrum beta-lactam antibiotic of the penicillin class.
S3129	Trimethoprim Trimethoprim is a bacteriostatic antibiotic mainly used in the prophylaxis and treatment of urinary tract infections.
S2028	Diclazuril Diclazuril is an anti-coccidial drug.
S3161	Sertaconazole nitrate Sertaconazole nitrate is a topical broad-spectrum antifungal that is developed to provide an additional agent for the treatment of superficial cutaneous and mucosal infections.
S1499	Cefaclor Cefaclor is a cephalosporin antibiotic.
S1915	Sulfamethoxazole Sulfamethoxazole is a sulfonamide bacteriostatic antibiotic with an IC50 of 2.7 μM.
S2120	Arbidol HCl Arbidol HCl is a broad-spectrum antiviral compound that blocks viral fusion, used in treatment of influenza and other respiratory viral infections.
S2467	Famciclovir Famciclovir is a guanine analogue antiviral drug used for the treatment of various herpesvirus infections.	Cancer Cell Int, 2020, 19;20:58
S2031	Fenticonazole Nitrate Fenticonazole Nitrate is an azole antifungal agent.
S2574	Tetracycline HCl Tetracycline HCl is a hydrochloride salt of tetracycline that is a broad-spectrum polyketide antibiotic.	PLoS Pathog, 2020, 16;16(3):e1008341 Sci Rep, 2018, 8(1):7653
S2575	Vancomycin HCl Vancomycin HCl is a hydrochloride of vancomycin that is a narrow-spectrum glycopeptide antibacterial agent.
S1851	Oxibendazole Oxibendazole is a benzimidazole drug that interferes with metabolic pathways, used to protect against roundworms, strongyles, threadworms, pinworms and lungworm infestations in horses and some domestic pets.	Oncol Lett, 2018, 15(2):2218-2226
S2501	Pyrantel Pamoate Pyrantel pamoate, a broad-spectrum anthelmintic drug, is used to treat a number of parasitic worm infections.
S4030	Gentamicin Sulfate Gentamycin Sulfate is a broad-spectrum, aminoglycoside antibiotic used for cell culture which inhibits protein synthesis in sensitive organisms.
S2514	Tobramycin Tobramycin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic with an IC50 of 9.7 μM.
S1762	Pyrazinamide Pyrazinamide is an agent used to treat tuberculosis.
S1676	Amorolfine HCl Amorolfine HCl is an antifungal reagent.	Cell Chem Biol, 2019, 26(4):593-599 Nature, 2018, 560(7718):372-376	b, GC–MS-based quantification of three metabolite levels in human glioma cells (GBM528) treated for 24 h with the indicated small molecules at the following concentrations: tamoxifen, 100 nM; clemastine, 2 μM; ifenprodil, 2 μM; ketoconazole, 2.5 μM; amorolfine, 100 nM. Left, lanosterol; centre, zymostenol; right, 14-dehydrozymostenol. n = 2 wells per condition.
S4075	Zinc Pyrithione Zinc pyrithione is an antifungal and antibacterial agent disrupting membrane transport by blocking the proton pump.	Biol Reprod, 2019, 100(2):468-478 Cell Syst, 2017, 4(6-:600-610
S2530	7-Aminocephalosporanic acid 7-Aminocephalosporanic acid is used for synthesis of cephalosporin antibiotics and intermediates.
S2536	Miconazole Miconazole (Monistat) is an imidazole antifungal agent.	Biomol Ther (Seoul), 2020, 25
S2543	Ceftiofur HCl Ceftiofur HCl is a cephalosporin antibiotic, used to treat both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria infection.
S1691	Praziquantel Praziquantel is an anthelmintic effective against flatworms.	PLoS Negl Trop Dis, 2015, 9(3):e0003593	Schistosomicidal effects of PZQ, ART and OXA on 14-day-schistosomula. Magnification of the in vitro-cultured schistosomula treated with PZQ, ART, and OXA at 10 μM. Drugs were added at day 14 and schistosomula were analyzed at day 21 (late treatment). 0.1% DMSO in medium (solvent of the drugs; used as negative control) had no effect on schistosomula development.
S4237	Primaquine Diphosphate Primaquine Diphosphate is a transmission-blocking anti-malarial clinically available, displaying a marked activity against gametocytes of all species of human malaria.	Cell Syst, 2019, 8(2):97-108
S1964	Rimantadine Rimantadine (Flumadine) is an anti-influenza virus drug for T. brucei with IC50 of 7 μM.	J Virol Methods, 2019, 274:113714
S1883	Idoxuridine Idoxuridine is an antiviral agent for feline herpesvirus type-1 with IC50 of 4.3 μM.
S3162	Tylosin tartrate Tylosin tartrate is a macrolide antibiotic approved for the control of mycoplasmosis in poultry.
S1916	Sulfisoxazole Sulfisoxazole is a sulfonamide antibacterial with an oxazole substituent.
S1770	Sulfadiazine Sulfadiazine is a sulfonamide antibiotic.
S3195	Azlocillin sodium salt Azlocillin is an acylampicillin with a broad spectrum against bacteria.
S4004	Ethambutol 2HCl Ethambutol is a bacteriostatic antimycobacterial agent, which obstructs the formation of cell wall by inhibiting arabinosyl transferases.	Molecules, 2019, 25(1)
S2469	Fleroxacin Fleroxacin is a new broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone.
S2551	Sulbactam sodium Sulbactam sodium (Unasyn) is an irreversible β-lactamase inhibitor.
S3116	Sulfathiazole Sulfathiazole is an organosulfur compound that has been used as a short-acting sulfa drug.
S1910	Tioconazole Tioconazole is an antifungal medication with an average IC50 of 1.7 μM.	Chem Biol Drug Des, 2016, 10.1111/cbdd.12872
S2506	Roxithromycin Roxithromycin is a semi-synthetic macrolide antibiotic. It is used to treat respiratory tract, urinary and soft tissue infections.	Chemistry, 2020, 10.1002/chem.201905599 J Med Chem, 2018, 61(9):4189-4202
S2048	Clindamycin Phosphate Clindamycin Phosphate is a lincosamide antibiotic for Plasmodium falciparum with IC50 of 12 nM.
S3055	Besifloxacin HCl Besifloxacin HCl is a fourth-generation fluoroquinolone antibiotic.
S4120	Sulconazole Nitrate Sulconazole Nitrate is an imidazole derivative with broad-spectrum antifungal activity.
S2511	Sulfadoxine Sulfadoxine is an ultra-long-lasting sulfonamide with an IC50 of 249 μg/ml for P. vivax.
S3067	Chlorhexidine 2HCl Chlorhexidine hydrochloride is an antiseptic effective against a wide variety of gram-negative and gram-positive organisms.
S3059	Enrofloxacin Enrofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic.
S4141	Dinitolmide Dinitolmide is a broad-spectrum anticoccidial drug.
S1977	Sarafloxacin HCl Sarafloxacin HCl is a hydrochloride salt form of sarafloxacin which is a quinolone antibiotic drug with IC50 of 0.96 μg/L.
S4146	Bacitracin Bacitracin is a mixture of related cyclic polypeptides produced by organisms of the licheniformis group of Bacillus subtilis var Tracy, which disrupts both gram positive and gram negative bacteria by interfering with cell wall and peptidoglycan synthesis.	Chem Res Toxicol, 2017, 30(10):1804-1814
S4147	Azithromycin Dihydrate Azithromycin Dihydrate is an acid stable orally administered macrolide antimicrobial drug, structurally related to erythromycin.
S4044	Toltrazuril Toltrazuril is an antiprotozoal agent that acts upon Coccidia parasites.
S4254	Apramycin Sulfate Apramycin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic, which binds to the deep groove of the RNA.
S4056	Retapamulin Retapamulin is a topical antibiotic, which binds to both E. coli and S. aureus ribosomes with similar potencies with K_d of 3 nM.
S3015	Amoxicillin Amoxicillin is a moderate-spectrum, bacteriolytic, β-lactam antibiotic used to treat bacterial infections caused by susceptible microorganisms.	Toxicol Appl Pharmacol, 2015, 285(1):51-60
S4184	Penciclovir Penciclovir is a purine acyclic nucleoside analogue with potent antiviral activity.	Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 2020, 14;202002392 bioRxiv, 2020, 2020/9/20.4.7.30734
S4191	Betamipron Betamipron is a chemical compound which is used together with panipenem to inhibit panipenem uptake into the renal tubule and prevent nephrotoxicity.
S1957	Sulfamethizole Sulfamethizole is a sulfathiazole antibacterial agent.
S2537	Secnidazole Secnidazole (Flagentyl) is a nitroimidazole anti-infective.
S4195	Broxyquinoline Broxyquinoline is an antiprotozoal agent and able to release oxygen free radicals from the water in mucous membranes.
S4196	Ethacridine lactate monohydrate Ethacridine lactate monohydrate is an aromatic organic compound based on acridine used as an antiseptic agent.	Carcinogenesis, 2014, 35(12):2822-30
S4093	Bismuth Subcitrate Potassium Bismuth Subcitrate is an antibiotic used to treat stomach ulcers associated with Helicobacter pylori, a bacterial infection.
S4094	Tetramisole HCl Tetramisole is a mixture of dextro- and levo isomers used as an anthelmintic.
S2539	Lomefloxacin HCl Lomefloxacin HCl is a hydrochloride salt of lomefloxacin and is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic.	Front Microbiol, 2020, 10:2936
S2612	Ribitol Ribitol is a crystalline pentose alcohol and is formed by the reduction of ribose which is occurs naturally in the plant Adonis vernalis.
S3122	Amikacin hydrate Amikacin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic used to treat different types of bacterial infections.	Molecules, 2019, 25(1)
S3105	Nadifloxacin Nadifloxacin is a topical fluoroquinolone antibiotic for the treatment of acne vulgaris.
S4234	Capreomycin Sulfate Capreomycin Sulfate is a cyclic peptide antibiotic and thought to inhibit protein synthesis by binding to the 70S ribosomal unit.	Mol Cell Proteomics, 2019, 18(2):231-244
S3133	Sulfamethazine Sulfamethazine is a sulfonamide antibacterial.
S1855	Pefloxacin Mesylate Pefloxacin Mesylate is a synthetic chemotherapeutic agent and an antibacterial agent with IC50 of 6.7 nM.	J Biol Chem, 2019, 294(49):18624-18638
S3154	Butenafine HCl Butenafine HCl is a synthetic benzylamine antifungal, works by inhibiting the synthesis of sterols by inhibiting squalene epoxidase.
S3156	Naftifine HCl Naftifine is an allylamine antifungal drug for the topical treatment of tinea pedis, tinea cruris, and tinea corporis, probably involves selectively blocking sterol biosynthesis via inhibition of the squalene 2,3-epoxidase enzyme.
S1833	Butoconazole nitrate Butoconazole nitrate is an anti-fungal agent that inhibits PHA-stimulated release of cytokines-- IL-2, TNFα, IFN and GM-CSF from human peripheral blood lymphocytes (IC50 of 7.2 μg/mL, 14.4 μg/mL, 7.36 μg/mL and 7.6 μg/mL, respectively).
S3179	Carbenicillin disodium Carbenicillin is a semi-synthetic penicillin antibiotic which interferes with cell wall synthesis of gram-negative bacteria while displaying low toxicity.
S3193	Ticarcillin sodium Ticarcillin is a semisynthetic antibiotic with a broad spectrum of bactericidal activity against many gram-positive and gram-negative aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
S1881	Protionamide Protionamide is a drug used in the treatment of tuberculosis.
S1830	Oxfendazole Oxfendazole is a broad spectrum benzimidazole anthelmintic.	Mol Med Rep, 2019, 19(4):2921-2926
S4726	Lauric Acid Lauric Acid is a saturated medium-chain fatty acid with a 12-carbon backbone. Lauric acid is found naturally in various plant and animal fats and oils, and is a major component of coconut oil and palm kernel oil.
S5227	Erythromycin thiocyanate Erythromycin is a macrolide antibiotic that inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by binding to bacterial 50S ribosomal subunits and inhibits peptidyl transferase activity and interferes with translocation of amino acids during translation and assembly of proteins.
S3941	Pinocembrin Pinocembrin is a major flavonoid molecule incorporated as multifunctional in the pharmaceutical industry. Its vast range of pharmacological activities has been well researched including antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer activities.
S5352	Cefminox Sodium Cefminox Sodium is the sodium salt form of cefminox, a semi-synthetic, second-generation, beta-lactamase-stable cephalosporin with antibacterial activity.
S6235	Sodium dehydroacetate Sodium dehydroacetate is the sodium salt of dehydroacetic acid, a fungicide and bactericide that is commonly used as a food preservative. Sodium dehydroacetate is a preservative that is used in the formulation of cosmetics and personal care products in order to extend the shelf-life by preventing microbial contamination.
S3621	Pazufloxacin mesylate Pazufloxacin Mesylate, also known as Pazucross and T-3762, is a quinolone antibacterial agent used for the intravenous therapy of several infections.
S5560	Midecamycin Midecamycin is a naturally occuring macrolide antibiotic that acts by inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis.
S3999	α-santonin α-santonin, a naturally occurring sesquiterpene lactone, is a potent antiparasitic agent.
S5406	Sultamicillin Tosylate Sultamicillin Tosylate is the tosylate salt of the double ester of sulbactam plus ampicillin. Sulbactam is a semisynthetic beta-lactamase inhibitor which, in combination with ampicillin, extends the antibacterial activity of the latter to include some beta-lactamase-producing strains of bacteria that would otherwise be resistant.
S5048	Fosfomycin Disodium Fosfomycin is a bactericidal, low-molecular weight, broad-spectrum antibiotic, with putative activity against several bacteria, including multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria, by irreversibly inhibiting an early stage in cell wall synthesis.
S9200	Pneumocandin B0 Pneumocandin B0 is a natural product and a key intermediate in the synthesis of the antifungal agent.
S5051	Pipemidic acid Pipemidic acid is a pyridopyrimidine antibiotic derivative of piromidic acid with activity against gram-negative and some gram-positive bacteria.
S5328	Gamithromycin Gamithromycin is a new macrolide antibiotic that is only registered for use in cattle to treat respiratory disorders such as bovine respiratory disease.
S4576	Sulfabenzamide Sulfabenzamide is an antibacterial/antimicrobial which also exhibit their antitumor effects through multiple mechanisms including inhibition of membrane bound carbonic anhydrases, prevention of microtubule assembly, cell cycle arrest, and inhibition of angiogenesis.
S5353	Cefpiramide sodium Cefpiramide sodium (CPMS) is an anionic β-lactam antibiotic. It exhibits antibacterial activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, in particular, to Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which can result in achronic life-threatening infection in the lungs of cystic fibrosis patients.
S4848	Dalbavancin Dalbavancin is a lipoglycopeptide antibiotic that has bactericidal activity against Gram-positive bacteria including various staphylococci.
S5081	Ceforanide Ceforanide is a new cephalosporin with antibacterial activity and has a longer elimination half-life than any currently available cephalosporin.
S5951	Cefoxitin Cefoxitin is a beta-lactam, second-generation cephalosporin antibiotic with bactericidal activity.
S5035	6-Aminopenicillanic acid 6-Aminopenicillanic acid (6-APA) is the central component of penicillin β-lactam antibiotics which are generated by Penicillium. It is used as precursor for antibiotic compounds ampicillin and amoxicillin.
S5356	Ceftiofur Ceftiofur is a semisynthetic, beta-lactamase-stable, broad-spectrum cephalosporin with antibacterial activity.	Vet J, 2018, 234:24-26
S9564	p-Hydroxy-cinnamic Acid
S4581	Triacetin Triacetin is a triglyceride that is used as an antifungal agent.
S5012	Octenidine Dihydrochloride Octenidine, a cationic surfactant, is active against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.
S5411	Sultamicillin Sultamicillin is a newly developed antibiotic in which ampicillin and the β-lactamase inhibitor sulbactam are linked as an ester.
S2583	Thiamphenicol Thiamphenicol is an antimicrobial antibiotic and a methyl-sulfonyl analogue of chloramphenicol.
S3741	Benznidazole Benznidazole is a nitroimidazole derivative having an antiprotozoal activity by interfering with parasite protein biosynthesis, influencing cytokines production and stimulating host phagocytosis.
S5213	Piroctone Olamine Piroctone Olamine is a wide spectrum antibacterial and antifungal agent used in the treatment of dandruff,fungal infections.
S3623	Ceftibuten dihydrate Ceftibuten Dihydrate is the dihydrate form of ceftibuten, a semisynthetic, beta-lactamase-stable, third-generation cephalosporin with antibacterial activity.
S6288	Chlorhexidine diacetate Chlorhexidine diacetate is a disinfectant and topical anti-infective agent used also as mouthwash to prevent oral plaque.
S4850	Flucloxacillin sodium Flucloxacillin sodium is the sodium salt of flucloxacillin, a penicillin antibiotic used to treat bacterial infections.
S5553	Kasugamycin hydrochloride Kasugamycin is an aminoglycosidic antibiotic isolated from Streptomyces kasugaensis, showing broad-spectrum anti-fungal activity against yeast and various fungus species.
S9224	Dehydroandrographolide Succinate Dehydroandrographolide succinate (DAS), extracted from herbal medicine Andrographis paniculata (Burm f) Nees, has antibacterial and antiviral effects.
S5944	Butenafine Butenafine is a synthetic benzylamine antifungal agent.
S4846	Meropenem Trihydrate Meropenem is a broad-spectrum antibacterial agent of the carbapenem family with a broad spectrum of in vitro activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens.
S5533	Tobramycin sulfate Tobramycin sulfate is the sulfate salt of tobramycin, an aminoglycoside antibiotic derived from the bacterium Streptomyces tenebrarius with bactericidal activity.
S9226	Steviolbioside Steviolbioside, a natural sweetener, exhibits moderate antituberculosis activity against M. tuberculosis strain H37RV in vitro.
S4594	Cephalothin Cephalothin is a semisynthetic, beta-lactam, first-generation cephalosporin antibiotic with bactericidal activity. Cephalothin binds to and inactivates penicillin-binding proteins (PBP) located on the inner membrane of the bacterial cell wall.
S4865	Cefetamet pivoxil hydrochloride Cefetamet pivoxil hydrochloride is the hydrochloride salt form of cefetamet pivoxil, which is an oral third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic.
S5359	Butoconazole Butoconazole is an imidazole antifungal used in gynecology.	Nature, 2018, 560(7718):372-376	Percentage of MBP+ oligodendrocytes generated from OPCs following treatment with azoles (c). n ≥ 4 wells per condition.
S5941	Besifloxacin Besifloxacin is a fourth generation fluoroquinolone-type opthalmic antibiotic for the treatment of bacterial conjunctivitis.
S4866	Nicarbazin Nicarbazin, an effective anticoccidial, is also a wide-spectrum anti-parasitic drug.
S5366	Fipronil Fipronil is a recalcitrant phenylpyrazole-based pesticide used for flea/tick treatment and termite control that is distributed in urban aquatic environments via stormwater and contributes to stream toxicity.
S9094	Pogostone Pogostone is one of the secondary metabolites from Pogostemon cablin (Blanco) Benth. (Lamiaceae), serving as the effective component of the antimicrobial activity.
S4420	Mefloquine HCl Mefloquine HCl is a blood schizonticide by inhibiting hemozoin formation, used as an antimalarial drug.	bioRxiv, 2020, 2020/9/20.4.7.30734 Int J Parasitol Drugs Drug Resist, 2018, 8(2):331-340 PLoS Negl Trop Dis, 2017, 11(9):e0005942	BALB/c mice, orally infected with E. multilocularis eggs, were treated by either mefloquine (100 mg/kg twice per week, n = 9), ABZ (200 mg/kg, 5 times per week, n = 8) or control-treated (placebo, n = 9). After 12 weeks of treatment, parasite lesion numbers in the liver were assessed microscopically (A).
S3966	Nifuratel Nifuratel is a nitrofuran derivative with local antiprotozoal and antifungal activity and a broad spectrum of antibacterial action.
S4880	Cefathiamidine Cefathiamidine is the first generation of cephalosporin antibacterial used for the treatment of respiratory, liver, five senses, urinary tract infections, endocarditis and sepsis.
S5531	Doripenem Doripenem is a new parenteral carbapenem antibiotic with broad-spectrum activity against gram-negative and gram-positive pathogens.	Biomed Chromatogr, 2017, 31(5)
S9158	Atractylon Atractylon, the sesquiterpenoid oxide isolated from the rhizomes of Atractylodes japonica and its related plants (Compositae), shows significant antiviral activities for influenza A virus.
S3971	Fusidine Fusidine, isolated from Fusidium coccineum, is a steroidal antibiotic that inhibits protein synthesis.
S1617	Sulfapyridine Sulfapyridine is a sulfonamide antibacterial.
S5332	Cefquinome sulfate Cefquinome sulphate is a veterinary, parenteral, and fourth-generation cephalosporin. Its antimicrobial potency and extensive antibacterial spectrum result from the introduction of a methoxyimino-aminothiazolyl moiety into the acyl side chain.
S5278	Tedizolid (TR-700) Tedizolid is an oxazolidinone-class antibiotic prodrug used for the treatment of acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections caused by susceptible isolates of several Gram-positive bacteria.
S4029	Colistin Sulfate Colistin is a cyclic cationic decapeptide linked to a fatty acid side chain, it belongs to a group of similarly structured bacterial antimicrobial peptides.	Biogerontology, 2016, 17(5-6):907-920
S4122	Tilmicosin Tilmicosin is a macrolide antibiotic.
S2052	Oxytetracycline Dihydrate Oxytetracycline Dihydrate is a prescription antibiotic, interfering with the ability of bacteria to produce essential proteins.
S5532	Erythromycin estolate Erythromycin, a naturally occurring macrolide, is derived from Streptomyces erythrus. It inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by binding to bacterial 50S ribosomal subunits.
S5535	Moxifloxacin Moxifloxacin is an antibiotic used to treat a number of bacterial infections, active against Mycobacterium tuberculosis in vitro.	Transl Vis Sci Technol, 2018, 7(2):11 Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol, 2016, 9(4):e003655 Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 2015, 56(4):2234-42
S5684	Lapachol Lapachol, a natural compound isolated from the bark of the lapacho tree, shows both antimicrobial and antiviral activity.
S4876	Robenidine Hydrochoride Robenidine hydrochloride is an anticoccidial agent mainly for poultry.
S5625	Ammonium lactate Ammonium lactate is the ammonium salt of lactic acid with mild anti-bacterial properties.
S4869	Sulfamethoxazole sodium Sulfamethoxazole sodium is an antibiotic used for bacterial infections.
S5719	Ceftizoxime sodium Ceftizoxime sodium is a semisynthetic cephalosporin antibiotic that is highly resistant to a broad spectrum of beta-lactamases and is active against a wide range of both aerobic and anaerobic gram-positive and gram-negative organisms.
S2058	Tolnaftate Tolnaftate is a synthetic thiocarbamate used as an anti-fungal agent.	Cancer Cell Int, 2020, 19;20:58
S5054	Rifamycin sodium salt Rifamycin sodium is an antibacterial drug used for treatment of mycobacterium infections.
S4584	Butylparaben Butylparaben is a chemical compound commonly used as an antifungal preservative in cosmetic products.	Environ Toxicol, 2018, 33(4):436-445
S5207	Cephalexin Monohydrate Cephalexin is a semisynthetic cephalosporin antibiotic with antimicrobial activity.
S4585	Succinylsulfathiazole Succinylsulfathiazole, a sulfonamide, is an antibiotic.
S5491	Lomefloxacin Lomefloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic used to treat bacterial infections.
S4142	Clopidol Clopidol is an antiprotozoal agent.
S4592	Captisol (SBE-β-CD) Captisol (SBE-β-CD) is a novel, chemically modified cyclodextrin with a structure designed to optimize the solubility and stability of drugs.	Theranostics, 2019, 9(3):796-810 J Exp Clin Cancer Res, 2019, 38(1):264 Cell Death Dis, 2017, 8(5):e2776
S5331	Ceftezole sodium Ceftezole Sodium is the sodium salt form of ceftezole, a semi-synthetic first-generation cephalosporin with antibacterial activity.
S4595	Cefazolin Sodium Cefazolin Sodium is a semisynthetic cephalosporin analog with broad-spectrum antibiotic action due to inhibition of bacterial cell wall synthesis. It attains high serum levels and is excreted quickly via the urine.
S5333	Sulbenicillin Sodium Sulbenicillin Sodium is the sodium salt of sulbenicillin, which is a penicillin antibiotic.
S5936	Cefazolin Cefazolin is a semisynthetic cephalosporin analog with broad-spectrum antibiotic action due to inhibition of bacterial cell wall synthesis. It attains high serum levels and is excreted quickly via the urine.
S4145	Decoquinate Decoquinate is a coccidiostat.
S4596	Cefixime Cefixime is an antibiotic useful for the treatment of a number of bacterial infections. It is a third generation cephalosporin.
S5700	Phthalylsulfathiazole Phthalylsulfathiazole is a broad-spectrum antimicrobial that can treat different types of infections including intestinal.
S6118	Terpinen-4-ol Terpinen-4-ol, a naturally occurring monoterpene, is the main bioactive component of tea-tree oil and has been shown to have many biological activities such as antifungal properties.
S4148	Ampicillin Trihydrate Ampicillin Trihydrate is a β-lactam antibiotic, which inhibits bacterial cell-wall synthesis (peptidoglycan cross-linking) by inactivating transpeptidases on the inner surface of the bacterial cell membrane.	Bone Joint Res, 2020, 16;9(4):152-161
S4996	Tavaborole (AN-2690) Tavaborole (AN-2690) is a boron-containing small molecule with broad spectrum antifungal activity.
S2259	Aloe-emodin Aloe-emodin is an interferon-inducing agent with IC50 of about 1 μg/mL for JEV and of about 0.33 μg/mL for EV71.	PLoS One, 2019, 14(4):e0215664 J Tradit Complement Med, 2015, 5(2):96-9	Flow cytometry result. Promastigotes were stained with Annexin V and propidium iodide 48 hours after treatment with aloe-emodin
S4041	Olsalazine Sodium Olsalazine Sodium is an anti-inflammatory prodrug, which consists of two 5-ASA moieties linked by an azo bond.	Oncotarget, 2017, 8(1):228-237	Values represent the average scores for each group ± S.E. (N = 10 per group). The differences between individual experimental groups and 17 days DSS only group were statistically significant (p < 0.05) for all groups.
S4150	Orbifloxacin Orbifloxacin is a synthetic broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone antibiotic.
S4620	Cefuroxime sodium Cefuroxime Sodium is a cephalosporin effective against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria with resistance to β-lactamase.
S4875	Cephapirin Benzathine Cephapirin Benzathine is the benzathine salt form of cephapirin, which is a semisynthetic, broad-spectrum, first-generation cephalosporin with antibacterial activity.
S6136	(±)-α-Bisabolol α-bisabolol is a small, plant-derived, oily sesquiterpene alcohol with some anti-inflammatory and even anti-microbial properties.
S4885	Taurolidine Taurolidine is a synthetic broad-spectrum antibiotic with antibacterial, anticoagulant and potential antiangiogenic activities.
S5757	Isoeugenol Isoeugenol, an essential oil constituent of nutmeg, clove, and cinnamon, shows antimicrobial activity.
S4250	Sulfamethoxypyridazine Sulfamethoxypyridazine is a long-acting sulfonamide for treatment of Dermatitis herpetiformis.
S9278	Saikosaponin C Saikosaponin C is a triterpene saponin found in Bupleurum that exhibits antiviral and pro-angiogenic activities.
S5397	Chlorhexidine Chlorhexidine is a disinfectant and topical anti-infective agent that is active against Gram-positive and Gram-negative organisms, facultative anaerobes, aerobes, and yeasts.
S4156	Chlortetracycline HCl Chlortetracycline HCl is the first identified tetracycline antibiotic.
S4158	Ceftriaxone disodium salt hemi(heptahydrate) Ceftriaxone disodium salt hemi(heptahydrate) is a third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic.
S6173	Amylmetacresol Amylmetacresol is an antiseptic used to treat infections of the mouth and throat.
S6185	Arachidonic acid Arachidonic acid is an unsaturated, essential fatty acid found in animal and human fat as well as in the liver, brain, and glandular organs. It is a precursor in the biosynthesis of prostaglandins, thromboxanes, and leukotrienes.
S4160	Penicillin G Sodium Penicillin G Sodium is a β-lactam antibiotic produced by Penicillin spp.
S2271	Berberine chloride Berberine chloride is a quaternary ammonium salt from the group of isoquinoline alkaloids.	Oncol Rep, 2018, 40(3):1525-1532 Shandong University, 2014, Haoran Cui
S4942	4-Hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxybenzyl alcohol 4-Hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxybenzyl alcohol, also known as Syringic alcohol, is a kind of phenol with antiviral properties.
S5492	Econazole Econazole is a broad spectrum antimycotic with some action against Gram positive bacteria.	Am J Cancer Res, 2020, 10(1):263-274 Biomol Ther (Seoul), 2020, 25
S4874	Cefazedone Cefazedone is a semisynthetic first-generation cephalosporin with antibacterial activity.
S2282	Cinchonidine Cinchonidine is an alkaloid used in asymmetric synthesis in organic chemistry.
S5475	Novaluron Novaluron belongs to the class of insecticides called insect growth regulators with pesticide properties.
S9292	Dictamnine Dictamnine, a natural plant product, has been reported to have antimicrobial activity against bacteria and fungi.
S5296	Cephradine monohydrate Cefradine is a beta-lactam, first-generation cephalosporin antibiotic with bactericidal activity.
S5290	Ormetoprim Ormetoprim (OMP) is an antibiotic to prevent the spread of disease in freshwater aquaculture.
S5487	Cefoperazone sodium Cefoperazone Sodium is the sodium salt form of cefoperazone, which is a semi-synthetic, broad-spectrum, beta-lactamase resistant antibiotic with bactericidal activity.
S4610	Mebendazole Mebendazole is a synthetic benzimidazole derivate and anthelmintic agent. Mebendazole interferes with the reproduction and survival of helminths by inhibiting the formation of their cytoplasmic microtubules, thereby selectively and irreversibly blocking glucose uptake.	J Biol Chem, 2019, 10.1074/jbc.RA119.010144
S4822	Silver Sulfadiazine Silver sulfadiazine is a bactericidal for many gram- negative and gram-positive bacteria as well as being effective against yeast.
S5294	Cephalotin acid Cephalotin acid is a cephalosporin antibiotic.
S5736	Benzathine penicilline Benzathine penicilline is an antibiotic useful for the treatment of a number of bacterial infections.
S4167	Cyromazine Cyromazine is a triazine insect growth regulator used as an insecticide and an acaricide.
S4612	Dapson Dapsone, also known as diaminodiphenyl sulfone (DDS), is an antibiotic commonly used in combination with rifampicin and clofazimine for the treatment of leprosy.
S1884	Sparfloxacin Sparfloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic, shows broad and potent antibacterial activity.
S5722	Oxantel Pamoate Oxantel Pamoate is the pamoate salt form of oxantel, a tetrahydropyrimidine anthelmintic used against intesitnal worms, particularly in a veterinary setting.
S1395	Polymyxin B sulphate Polymyxin B is an antibiotic primarily used for resistant gram-negative infections.	Free Radic Biol Med, 2019, 137:24-36
S2385	Hordenine Hordenine (N,N-dimethyl-4-hydroxyphenylethylamine) is a phenylethylamine alkaloid with antibacterial and antibiotic properties.
S4634	Sodium sulfadiazine Sodium Sulfadiazine is a sodium salt form of sulfadiazine, an intermediate-acting bacteriostatic, synthetic sulfanilamide derivative.
S4959	Skatole Skatole (3-Methylindole) is a mildly toxic white crystalline organic compound that occurs naturally in feces. It has a fairly broad bacteriostatic effect.
S5601	Balofloxacin Dihydrate Balofloxacin Dihydrate is an orally active fluoroquinolone antibiotic.
S4172	Cetylpyridinium Chloride Cetylpyridinium chloride is a cationic quaternary ammonium compound used as oropharyngeal antiseptic.
S4641	Tedizolid Phosphate Tedizolid is an oxazolidinone-class antibiotic. Tedizolid phosphate is a phosphate ester prodrug of the active compound tedizolid.	Sci Transl Med, 2019, 11(516)
S6243	Ethyl pyruvate Ethyl pyruvate is a simple aliphatic ester of pyruvic acid and has been shown to have robust neuroprotective effects via its anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative, and anti-apoptotic functions.
S3695	Cystamine dihydrochloride Cystamine dihydrochloride acts as an anti-infective agent, which is used in the treatment of urinary tract infections and also as a radiation-protective agent that interferes with sulfhydryl enzymes.
S5291	sulfaisodimidine Sulfisomidin is a sulfonamide antibacterial.
S4175	Sulfaguanidine Sulfaguanidine is a sulfonamide used as an anti-infective agent.
S2395	Rheochrysidin Physcion is an anthraquinone from roots of Rheum officinale Baill.	ACS Chem Biol, 2015, 10.1021/cb5009487	AmpC β-lactamase and MDH inhibition dose-response curves in the absence (black circles) and presence (red triangles) of DTT for (C and D) physcion.
S3787	Picroside I Picroside I, an iridoid glycoside, is a hepatoprotective agent which is reported to be antimicrobial and used against hepatitis B.
S3645	Kitasamycin Kitasamycin is a macrolide antibiotic. It has antimicrobial activity against a wide spectrum of pathogens.
S4178	Climbazole Climbazole is a broad-spectrum imidazole antifungal agent that can provide anti-dandruff benefits.
S3644	Sulfamonomethoxine Sulfamonomethoxine is a long-acting sulfonamide antibacterial agent and blocks the synthesis of folic acid by inhibiting synthetase of dihydropteroate.
S9016	Dipsacoside B Dipsacoside B, extracted from the flowerbuds of Lonicera confusa DC, shows strong antimicrobial activity.
S3646	Thimerosal Thimerosal is a well-established antiseptic and antifungal agent and usually used as a preservative in vaccines, immunoglobulin preparations, skin test antigens, antivenins, ophthalmic and nasal products, and tattoo inks.
S5298	Amoxicillin trihydrate Amoxicillin is a broad-spectrum, semisynthetic aminopenicillin antibiotic with bactericidal activity.
S5546	Sulfacetamide Sulfacetamide is a synthetic sulfanylacetamide derivative with bacteriostatic activity. It is an anti-infective agent that is used topically to treat skin infections and orally for urinary tract infections.
S5908	Garenoxacin Garenoxacin (T-3811ME, BMS-284756) is a novel des-F(6) quinolone that has been shown to be effective in vitro against a wide range of clinically important pathogens, including gram-positive and gram-negative aerobes and anaerobes.
S4179	Mezlocillin Sodium Mezlocillin sodium is a penicillin beta-lactam antibiotic used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually gram-positive, organisms.
S4060	Erythromycin Ethylsuccinate Erythromycin Ethylsuccinate, an oral macrolide antibiotic produced by Streptomyces erythreus, reversibly binds to the 50S ribosome of bacteria, and inhibits protein synthesis.
S5515	Penicillin G Procaine Procaine benzylpenicillin, also known as Procaine benzylpenicillin, is an antibiotic useful for the treatment of a number of bacterial infections.
S3649	Ceftazidime Ceftazidime is a third-generation cephalosporin that has activity against Gram-negative bacilli, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
S5289	Ceftezole Ceftezole is a semi-synthetic first-generation cephalosporin with antibacterial activity.
S4062	Ronidazole Ronidazole is an antiprotozoal agent.
S4183	Paromomycin Sulfate Paromomycin Sulfate is an aminoglycoside antibiotics inhibiting protein synthesis in non-resistant cells by binding to 16S ribosomal RNA.
S3655	Cefepime Dihydrochloride Monohydrate Cefepime is a cephalosporin antibacterial drug used to treat pneumonia, urinary tract, skin, and intra-abdominal infections.
S5020	Tilorone dihydrochloride Tilorone dihydrochloride is a broad-spectrum, orally active antiviral agent that activates interferon production. It has antitumor, anti-inflammatory properties.
S5637	Cefotiam Hexetil Hydrochloride Cefotiam Hexetil Hydrochloride is the hydrochloride salt of cefotiam hexetil. Cefotiam is a semi-synthetic, beta-lactam cephalosporin antibiotic with antibacterial activity.
S4541	Triclosan Triclosan is a diphenyl ether derivative used in cosmetics and toilet soaps as an antiseptic. It has some bacteriostatic and fungistatic action.	FASEB J, 2019, 10.1096/fj.201802603RR Onco Targets Ther, 2018, 11:2945-2954
S4971	Buparvaquone 1,4-Naphthalenedione, 2-[[4-(1,1-dimethylethyl)cyclohexyl]methyl]-3-hydroxy-
S5638	Cefozopran hydrochloride Cefozopran Hydrochloride is the hydrochloride salt form of cefozopran, a semi-synthetic, broad-spectrum, fourth-generation cephalosporin with antibacterial activity.
S4187	Salicylanilide Salicylanilides are a group of compounds with a wide range of biological activities including antiviral potency, antibacterial (including antimycobacterial) and antifungal activities.
S5299	Tosufloxacin p-Toluenesulfonate Hydrate Tosufloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic that is used to treat susceptible infections.
S5644	Ceftriaxone Sodium Ceftriaxone Sodium is the sodium salt form of ceftriaxone, a beta-lactam, third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic with bactericidal activity.
S4720	Cefotaxime Cefotaxime is a third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic and has broad spectrum activity against Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria.
S4898	Sulfalozine sodium Sulfalozine sodium is an antiprotozoal useful in coccidiosis research.
S5295	Lincomycin Hydrochloride Monohydrate Lincomycin hydrochloride monohydrate is a narrow-spectrum antibiotic used in the treatment of staphylococcal, streptococcal, and Bacteroides fragilis infections.
S4068	Tinidazole Tinidazole is an anti-parasitic drug.
S3676	Carbendazim Carbendazim is a broad-spectrum systemic antimycotic and can be used to control a broad range of diseases on field crops, fruits, and vegetables, including sclerotinia rot of canola, wheat head blight, peanut leaf spot, and SB on rice. Its mode of action is to inhibit the formation of mitotic microtubules in of fungi.
S2315	Kanamycin sulfate Kanamycin sulfate(Kanamycin monosulfate) is an aminoglycoside antibiotic, available in oral, intravenous, and intramuscular forms, and used to treat a wide variety of infections.
S4192	Chlorquinaldol Chlorquinaldol is an antimicrobial agent used for local antisepsy.
S4258	Luliconazole Luliconazole is a broad-spectrum antifungal drug.
S5420	Clindamycin alcoholate Clindamycin alcoholate is a crystallizable compound of Clindamycin with alcohol. Clindamycin is a semisynthetic lincosamide antibiotic that inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by binding to bacterial 50S ribosomal subunits.
S5816	pyrvinium Pyrvinium is an anthelmintic effective for pinworms.	bioRxiv, 2020, 2020/9/20.4.7.30734 Antimicrob Agents Chemother, 2018, 62(4)
S4882	Resorantel Resorantel is a safe, hydroxybenzanilide cestocide highly effective against Moniezia and Thysaniezia spp. and moderately effective against Paramphistomum spp.
S5421	Fluoroquinolonic Acid Fluoroquinolonic Acid is an antibiotic and antimicrobial agent.
S5292	Diazolidinyl urea Diazolidinyl urea is an antimicrobial preservative used in cosmetics.
S6423	Tildipirosin Tildipirosin is a 16-membered ring, tribasic and semi-synthetic macrolide antibiotic.	Nat Cell Biol, 2017, 19(10):1274-1285
S4750	Sulfacetamide sodium salt hydrate Sulfacetamide is a sulfonamide antibiotic that blocks the synthesis of dihydrofolic acid by inhibiting the enzyme dihydropteroate synthase(DHPS) with IC50 of 9.5 μM. Sulfacetamide is a competitive inhibitor of bacterial para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA), which is required for bacterial synthesis of folic acid.
S5017	Oxyclozanide Oxyclozanide is a salicylanilide anthelmintic and mitochondrial uncoupling anthelmintic drug approved for veterinary use.
S9046	Berberine Berberine, an alkaloid isolated from Rhizoma coptidis, has broad applications, particularly as an antibacterial agent in the clinic.	Front Pharmacol, 2020, 11:185 Int J Mol Sci, 2018, 19(12) J Biol Chem, 2018, 293(29):11341-11357
S4870	Cefodizime Sodium Cefodizime Sodium, a third generation cephalosporin antibiotic, has broad-spectrum activity and is stable to most beta-lactamases.
S9057	Sinigrin Sinigrin is a glucosinolate found in some plants of the Brassicaceae family and exerts various activities including anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant, and wound healing effects. Sinigrin is a glucosinolate found in some plants of the Brassicaceae family and exerts various activities including anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant, and wound healing effects.	J Invest Dermatol, 2018, 138(12):2644-2652
S5887	Khellin Khellin, a compound isolated from the seeds of Ammi Visnaga Lam (Umbelliferae), is used to treat a variety of maladies.
S4081	Sulfacetamide Sodium Sulfacetamide Sodium is an anti-biotic.	G3 (Bethesda), 2020, 4;10(5):1585-1597
S3636	Cefadroxil hydrate Cefadroxil is a broad-spectrum antibiotic of the cephalosporin type, effective in Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial infections.
S3637	Cefpirome sulfate Cefpirome is a fourth-generation cephalosporin and is considered highly active against Gram-negative bacteria.
S4759	p-Coumaric Acid p-Coumaric acid is a hydroxy derivative of cinnamic acid found in a variety of edible plants and is reported to have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial activity.	J Nutr Biochem, 2015, 26(11):1379-84
S3638	Cefamandole nafate Cefamandole Nafate is the sodium salt form of cefamandole formyl ester. Cefamandole binds to and inactivates penicillin-binding proteins (PBP) located on the inner membrane of the bacterial cell wall, interferes with the cross-linkage of peptidoglycan chains necessary for bacterial cell wall strength and rigidity. This results in the weakening of the bacterial cell wall and causes cell lysis.
S5440	Berberine Sulfate Berberine sulfate, an alkaloid extracted from several plants, possesses antimicrobial activity against a wide variety of microorganisms including Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, fungi, and protozoa.
S5948	Amodiaquine Amodiaquine is a synthetic aminoquinoline that acts by binding to the protozoal or parasitic DNA and preventing DNA and RNA production and subsequent protein synthesis. It is used for the therapy of malaria.	bioRxiv, 2020, 2020/9/20.4.7.30734 F1000Res, 2016, 5:150
S5016	Isoprinosine Isoprinosine is an immunopharmacologic agent with antiviral activities.
S2534	Isoconazole nitrate Isoconazole nitrate (Travogen) is an azole antifungal reagent.
S4978	Azathramycin Azathramycin (Azaerythromycin) is a macrolide antibiotic containing cladinose.
S3713	Moxidectin Moxidectin is a potent, broad-spectrum endectocide with activity against a wide range of nematodes, insects and acari.
S7411	Ascomycin (FK520) Ascomycin (FK520), an FK-506 analog, is a neutral macrolide immunosuppressant, which prevents rejection after an organ transplant. Phase 3.
S5784	Vancomycin Vancomycin is an antibiotic used to treat serious bacterial infections. It works by stopping the growth of bacteria.
S3705	Chlorobutanol Chlorobutanol (trichloro-2-methyl-2-propanol) is a preservative, sedative, hypnotic and weak local anesthetic with antibacterial and antifungal properties.
S3860	Allicin Allicin, the main biologically active component of the freshly crushed garlic extracts, possesses various biological activities including antibacterial, antifungal and antiparasitic effects.
S9387	Maackiain Maackiain is a pterocarpan that is widely distributed in leguminous plants. It has anticancer and antimicrobial effects.
S3707	Ethopabate Ethopabate (ETP) is a coccidiostat that is frequently used to prevent and treat coccidiosis in chickens.
S3708	Sulfachloropyridazine Sulfachloropyridazine is an antibiotic used to treat a variety of bacterial infections.
S4201	Florfenicol Florfenicol is a fluorinated synthetic analog of thiamphenicol with broad-spectrum, primarily bacteriostatic activity.
S4663	Fusidate Sodium Fusidate Sodium is a sodium salt form of fusidic acid, a bacteriostatic antibiotic derived from the fungus Fusidium coccineum and used as a topical medication to treat skin infections.
S3709	Furagin Furagin is 2-substituted 5-nitrofuran, chemically and structurally similar to well-known antibacterial compound nitrofurantoin with antimicrobial activities.
S5041	Difloxacin hydrochloride Difloxacin is a second-generation, synthetic fluoroquinolone antimicrobial antibiotic used in veterinary medicine.
S4203	Furaltadone HCl Furaltadone HCl is an antibacterial and has distinct curative effect in the treatment of coccidiosis.	Eur J Pharmacol, 2018, 828:119-125
S5657	Ertapenem sodium Ertapenem Sodium is the sodium salt of ertapenem, a long-acting, broad-spectrum antibiotic of β-lactam subclass.
S9078	Epigoitrin Epigoitrin, the main bioactive constituent of Radix isatidis, exerts antiviral, anticancer, and antithyroid activities.
S4986	Latamoxef sodium Latamoxef sodium is an antibiotic and has anti-bacterial and anti-inflammation effects.
S6408	Hexetidine Hexetidine is an anti-bacterial and anti-fungal agent with local anesthetic, astringent, deodorant and antiplaque activity.
S5033	Terconazole Terconazole is a new, broad-spectrum, triazole antifungal agent which is primarily used to treat vaginal fungal infections.	bioRxiv, 2020, 2020/9/20.4.7.30734
S9084	Rhoifolin Rhoifolin, a natural glycoside of apigenin, has been obtained from the green leaves of Rhus succedanea and possesses a variety of significant biological activities including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, hepatoprotective and anticancer effects.
S6411	Nimorazole Nimorazole is a water soluble, 5-nitroimidazole compound with antibacterial and potential radiosensitizing activity.
S3058	Danofloxacin Mesylate Danofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibacterial for veterinary use, with MIC90 of 0.28 μM.
S4271	Isepamicin Sulphate Isepamicin Sulphate is an aminoglycoside antibiotic, which inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by targeting the bacterial 30S ribosomal subunit.
S3672	Cefonicid sodium Cefonicid sodium is a cephalosporin antibiotic. It interferes with cell wall biosynthesis in bacteria, leading to lysis of the infectious organism.
S4213	Dirithromycin Dirithromycin is a macrolide glycopeptide antibiotic by binding to the 50S subunit of the 70S bacterial ribosome to inhibit the translocation of peptides.
S4215	Ribostamycin Sulfate Ribostamycin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic, containing a neutral sugar moiety, and is produced by Streptomyces ribosidiﬁcus.	PLoS Pathog, 2020, 16;16(3):e1008341 Pathogens, 2019, 8(3)
S4216	Valnemulin HCl Valnemulin HCl is a broad-spectrum bacteriostatic agent inhibiting protein synthesis in bacteria by binding to the peptidyl transferase component of the 50S subunit of ribosomes.
S5055	Milbemycin Oxime Milbemycin Oxime is a broad spectrum anti-parasitic drug that is active against worms (anthelmintic) and mites (miticide).
S4671	Cefradine Cephradine is a semi-synthetic cephalosporin antibiotic.
S5070	Mupirocin calcium Mupirocin Calcium is the calcium salt form of mupirocin, a natural crotonic acid derivative extracted from Pseudomonas fluorescens,which inhibits bacterial protein synthesis and is used as an antibiotic.
S6067	2,4-dichlorobenzyl alcohol 2,4-Dichlorobenzyl alcohol is a mild antiseptic, able to kill bacteria and viruses associated with mouth and throat infections.
S6068	Doxycycline monohydrate Doxycycline is a synthetic, broad-spectrum tetracycline antibiotic exhibiting antimicrobial activity.	Elife, 2020, 9;9:e48963
S5724	Dichlorophene Dichlorophen is an anticestodal agent, fungicide, germicide, and antimicrobial agent.
S5829	Monomyristin Monomyristin, a monoacylglyceride, shows high antibacterial and antifungal activities.
S2334	Oleanolic Acid Oleanolic Acid is a non-toxic, hepatoprotective triterpenoid found in Phytolacca Americana, which exerts antitumor and antiviral properties.	J Asian Nat Prod Res, 2018, 10.1080/10286020.2018.1461087
S9099	Orientin Orientin, isolated from medicinal plants, has various activities including anti-oxidant, anti-aging, anti-viral, anti-bacterial, anti-inflammation, vasodilatation and cardioprotective, antiadipogenesis, antinociceptive, radiation protective, neuroprotective, and antidepressant-like effects.
S3801	Sodium Houttuyfonate Sodium Houttuyfonate, the active compound of the Houttuynia plant, is mainly used for treating purulent skin infections, respiratory tract infections, including pneumonia in elderly patients, and chronic bronchitis.
S5776	Proflavine Proflavine is a disinfectant bacteriostatic against many gram-positive bacteria. It is a topical antiseptic used mainly in wound dressings.
S6444	Triclocarban Triclocarban is an antibacterial agent common used in personal care products.
S4222	Piperacillin Sodium Piperacillin is a semisynthetic, broad-spectrum, ampicillin derived ureidopenicillin antibiotic proposed for pseudomonas infections.	Analytical Methods, 2018, 10.1039/C8AY00150B
S4601	Clioquinol Clioquinol is an orally bioavailable, lipophilic, copper-binding, halogenated 8-hydroxyquinoline with antifungal, antiparasitic and potential antitumor activities.	FASEB J, 2019, 10.1096/fj.201802603RR
S3650	Penicillin V potassium salt Phenoxymethylpenicillin, also known as penicillin V, is an antibiotic useful for the treatment of a number of bacterial infections. It acts by inhibiting the biosynthesis of cell-wall peptidoglycan.
S5031	Sulfaquinoxaline sodium Sulfaquinoxaline sodium (N'1-quinoxalin-2-ylsulphanilamide sodium, SQ-Na) is the sodium salt of sulfaquinoxaline, which is often used as a drug to prevent coccidiosis in poultry, swine, and sheep by inhibiting the synthesis of nucleic acids and proteins in microorganisms.
S6451	Salifungin Salifungin (Bromochlorosalicylanilide) is an antifungal and may cause allergic contact dermatitis in some individuals.
S2613	Clorsulon Clorsulon is used in the treatment of Fasciola hepatica infections in calves and sheep.	Cancer Cell Int, 2020, 19;20:58
S9328	5,6,7-Trimethoxyflavone 5,6,7-Trimethoxyflavone, methylations of the hydroxyl groups of oroxylin A or baicalein, has various pharmacological activities including antiviral, anticancer and antibacterial.
S4111	Dicloxacillin Sodium Dicloxacillin is a β-lactamase resistant penicillin similar to oxacillin and it has activity against gram-positive/negative aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
S5065	Ganciclovir sodium Ganciclovir Sodium is the sodium salt form of ganciclovir, a synthetic, antiviral, purine nucleoside analog with antiviral activity, especially against cytomegalovirus (CMV).
S5036	Nisin Nisin is a ribosomally synthesized peptide that has broad-spectrum antibacterial activity, including activity against many bacteria that are food-spoilage pathogens.
S6442	Chlorphenesin Chlorphenesin is a synthetic preservative used in skin care as a cosmetic biocide.
S3722	Isavuconazole Isavuconazole is a new extended-spectrum triazole with activity against yeasts, molds, and dimorphic fungi that inhibits cytochrome P450 (CYP)-dependent 14α-lanosterol demethylation, which is essential for fungal cell membrane ergosterol synthesis.
S5541	Dimetridazole Dimetridazole is an anti-fungal and anti-protozoal used for the control of infection in pigs, poultry, turkeys, game birds, pigeons and other caged birds.
S9342	1,4-Naphthoquinone 1,4-Naphthoquinone, found in diesel exhaust particles and it is an active metabolite of naphthalene, is a fumigant insecticide.
S2564	Cloxacillin Sodium Cloxacillin Sodium is a sodium salt of cloxacillin that is a penicillinase-resistant, acid resistant, semi-synthetic penicillin.
S3121	Ornidazole Ornidazole is a 5-nitroimidazole derivative with antiprotozoal and antibacterial properties against anaerobic bacteria.
S3979	Zinc Undecylenate Zinc Undecylenate is a natural or synthetic fungistatic fatty acid, antifungal Zinc Undecylenate is used topically in creams against fungal infections, eczemas, ringworm, and other cutaneous conditions.
S9112	Kaempferitrin Kaempferitrin, isolated from the leaves of Hedyotis verticillata and from Onychium japonicum, has antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities.
S5096	SulfadiMethoxine sodium Sulfadimethoxine is a long-lasting sulfonamide antimicrobial agent used to treat many infections including treatment of respiratory, urinary tract, enteric, and soft tissue infections.	Cell Death Dis, 2018, 9(6):646
S9113	Ononin Ononin is an isoflavone glycoside with anti-inflammtory effects.
S6464	Ftaxilide Ftaxilide is a novel antituberculosis agent.
S5924	Olanexidine Hydrochloride semihydrate Olanexidine is a monobiguanide compound with bactericidal activity.
S6459	Nifurtimox Nifurtimox is an antiprotozoal agent.
S4232	Nithiamide Nithiamide is a non-5-nitroimidazole drugs.
S3618	Acetylspiramycin (ASPM) Acetylspiramycin (ASPM) is a macrolide antimicrobial agent.
S5086	p-Anisaldehyde p-Anisaldehyde (4-methoxybenzaldehyde), an extract from Pimpinella anisum seeds, exhibits antifungal activity against a number of yeast and mold strains in laboratory media, fruit purees and fruit juices.
S9120	Scutellarein Scutellarein, extracted from the perennial herb Scutellaria lateriflora, has antioxidant, antitumor, anti-adipogenic, antiviral and anti-inflammatory activities
S5410	Chloramphenicol sodium succinate Chloramphenicol Sodium Succinate is the sodium succinate salt form of chloramphenicol, a nitrobenzene derivate and broad-spectrum antibiotic with antibacterial activity.
S6467	Fosfluconazole Fosfluconazole is a water-soluble phosphate prodrug of fluconazole, which is a triazole antifungal drug used in the treatment and prevention of superficial and systemic fungal infections.
S4517	Cefotaxime sodium Cefotaxime sodium salt is a third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic; broad-spectrum antibiotic with activity against numerous Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
S9122	Tectorigenin Tectorigenin (TEC) is an isoflavone isolated from various medicinal plants, such as Pueraria thunbergiana Benth, Belamcanda chinensis, and Iris unguicularis. It has been reported to exert pharmacological actions, including antitumor and antibacterial effects, free radical neutralization, and selective estrogen receptor modulation.
S4518	Chloroxylenol Chloroxylenol is a broad-spectrum antimicrobial chemical compound used to control bacteria, algae, fungi and virus.
S5209	Enoxacin Sesquihydrate Enoxacin sesquihydrate is a broad-spectrum 6-fluoronaphthyridinone antibacterial agent.
S9377	Eugenyl acetate Eugenyl acetate, an aromatic component of clove essential oil, exhibits various pharmacological activities, including antibacterial and anti-virulence activities against drug-resistant A. baumannii clinical isolates.
S3132	Sulfamerazine Sulfamerazine is a sulfonamide antibacterial.
S4236	Proflavine Hemisulfate Proflavine Hemisulfate is a topical antiseptic by interchelating DNA, thereby disrupting DNA synthesis and leading to high levels of mutation in the copied DNA strands.
S5208	Ciprofloxacin hydrochloride hydrate Ciprofloxacin Hydrochloride is the hydrochloride salt form of ciprofloxacin, which is an antibiotic used to treat a number of bacterial infections.
S5573	Tilmicosin phosphate Tilmicosin phosphate is a macrolide antibiotic that is used to treat cattle for pathogens that cause Bovine Respiratory Disease.
S3065	Amikacin disulfate Amikacin sulfate binds to 16S rRNA (bacterial 30S ribosome), causing misreading of mRNA and supressing proteins synthesis.
S4523	Dihydrostreptomycin sulfate Dihydrostreptomycin sulfate is an aminoglycoside antibiotic, used to treat bacterial diseases in cattle, pigs and sheep. Dihydrostreptomycin is a derivative of streptomycin.
S3746	Lumefantrine Lumefantrine is an antimalarial agent used to treat acute uncomplicated malaria.
S5212	Imidazolidinyl Urea Imidazolidinyl Urea is an antimicrobial agent used as preservative in cosmetics.
S5473	Pivmecillinam hydrochloride Pivmecillinam is a β-lactam antibiotic and a prodrug of mecillinam. It has selective activity against Gram-negative bacteria and is used primarily in the treatment of lower urinary tract infections.
S9444	Tomatine Tomatine is a natural glycoalkaloid with fungicidal, antimicrobial, and insecticidal properties.
S4525	Ethylparaben Ethylparaben is the ethyl ester of p-hydroxybenzoic acid, used as an antifungal preservative and food additive. It is a standardized chemical allergen. The physiologic effect of ethylparaben is by means of Increased Histamine Release, and Cell-mediated Immunity.
S5210	Sulfamethazine Sodium Salt Sulfamethazine is a sulfanilamide anti-infective agent used in the lifestock industry.
S5202	Quinocetone Quinocetone is a novel veterinary chemicals that is also bacteriocide and potential anti-tumor agent.
S4528	Furazolidone Furazolidone is a synthetic nitrofuran derivative with bactericidal or bacteriostatic activity when used against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
S4678	Povidone iodine Povidone iodine is a stable chemical complex of polyvinylpyrrolidone (povidone, PVP) and elemental iodine. It is used as topical antiseptic in surgery and for skin and mucous membrane infections, also as aerosol.
S5201	Acetylisovaleryltylosin Tartrate Acetylisovaleryltylosin tartrate is an antimicrobial of the macrolide group with antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria.
S5206	Benzylpenicillin potassium Benzylpenicillin potassium is the potassium salt form of penicillin G, a broad-spectrum penicillin antibiotic.
S5211	4-Aminosalicylic acid 4-Aminosalicylic acid (Aminosalicylic acid) is an antitubercular agent with bacteriostatic activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
S5094	Maduramycin Ammonium Maduramicin, which could be isolated from the actinomycete Actinomadura rubra, is an antiprotozoal agent used in veterinary medicine to prevent coccidiosis.	Cancers (Basel), 2019, 11(6)
S4833	Cefoxitin sodium Cefoxitin Sodium is the sodium salt form of cefoxitin, a beta-lactam, second-generation cephalosporin antibiotic with bactericidal activity.
S4536	Nitrofurantoin Nitrofurantoin is an antibiotic used to treat bladder infections.It inhibits bacterial DNA, RNA, and cell wall protein synthesis.
S9135	Artemisic acid Artemisic acid (Artemisinic acid), an amorphane sesquiterpene isolated from Artemisia annua L., has a variety of pharmacological activity, such as antimalarial activity, anti-tumor activity, antipyretic effect, antibacterial activity, allelopathy effect and anti-adipogenesis effect.
S5093	Rafoxanide Rafoxanide is a salicylanilide used as an anthelmintic, being effective treatment for the control of fluke infections in animals.
S9136	Neochlorogenic acid Neochlorogenic acid is a natural polyphenolic compound found in some types of dried fruits and a variety of other plant sources such as peaches. It shows antioxidant, antibacterial, antiviral, and antipyretic activities and exerts neuroprotective effects through the inhibition of pro-inflammatory pathways in activated microglia.
S3170	Ampicillin sodium Ampicillin is a beta-lactam antibiotic that is part of the aminopenicillin family.	Vet J, 2018, 234:24-26
S5092	Febantel Febantel is a prodrug that is metabolized to fenbendazole and oxfendazole, which are undoubtedly the active parasiticides.
S5350	Cefpodoxime proxetil Cefpodoxime Proxetil is a third generation semi-synthetic cephalosporin and a beta-lactam antibiotic with bactericidal activity.
S5557	Aklomide Aklomide is a coccidiostat and used to fight disease, parasites and insects that infest poultry.
S4540	Sisomicin sulfate Sisomicin sulfate is an aminoglycoside antibiotic, isolated from the fermentation broth of a new species of the genus Micromonospora.
S4878	Neticonazole Hydrochloride Neticonazole is an imidazole antifungal for the treatment of fungal skin infections.
S5405	Propylparaben Propylparaben, a natural substance found in many plants and some insects, is an antimicrobial, preservative and flavouring agent.
S4242	Cetrimonium Bromide (CTAB) Cetrimonium Bromide is a known component of the broad-spectrum antiseptic cetrimide, which is a mixture of different quaternary ammonium salts.	Micromachines (Basel), 2018, 9(6)
S5095	Olaquindox Olaquindox is an oral anti-bacterial agent used as an additive to animal food.
S5214	Imidocarb dipropionate Imidocarb is an antiprotozoal agent, used as dipropionate in the treatment of babesiosis and ehrlichiosis.	Nat Commun, 2017, 8(1):823
S6461	Permethrin Permethrin is a synthetic Type I pyrethroidal neurotoxic pesticide that has been responsible for accidental animal deaths.
S3978	5-Phenyl-2,4-pentadienoic acid 5-Phenyl-2,4-pentadienoic acid is used as Synthetic building block, anti-malarial agent.
S5159	Doxycycline Doxycycline is an antibiotic that is used in the treatment of a number of types of infections caused by bacteria and protozoa.	Elife, 2020, 9;9:e48963 Mol Ther Nucleic Acids, 2020, 1;20:801-811 Life Sci, 2020, 243:117234
S4279	Demeclocycline HCl Demeclocycline HCl is a tetracycline antibiotic via inhibition of protein synthesis by bacteria, used for the treatment of bacterial infections.	J Biol Chem, 2020, 10.1074/jbc.RA119.011633. Sci Rep, 2018, 8(1):7653
S5390	N-(Hytroxymethy)micotinamide N-(Hydroxymethyl)nicotinamide is an antimicrobial agent.
S5744	Spiramycin I Spiramycin I is a main component of spiramycin, which is a macrolide antimicrobial agent with broad spectrum antibiotic activity.
S4813	Cefuroxime axetil Cefuroxime axetil, a prodrug of the cephalosporin cefuroxime, is a second generation oral cephalosporin antibiotic with in vitro antibacterial activity against several gram-positive and gram-negative organisms.
S5373	Pseudolaric Acid B Pseudolaric Acid B, a natural diterpenoid compound isolated from the root and trunk bark of Pseudolaric kaempferi Gordon, has anti-fungal and anti-fertility properties.	Eur J Pharmacol, 2020, 876:173064
S4547	8-Hydroxyquinoline 8-Hydroxyquinoline is an antiseptic with mild fungistatic, bacteriostatic, anthelmintic, and amebicidal action. It is also used as a reagent and metal chelator, as a carrier for radio-indium for diagnostic purposes.
S5354	Cefteram pivoxil Cefteram Pivoxil is the pivalate ester prodrug of cefteram, a semi-synthetic, broad-spectrum, third-generation cephalosporin with antibacterial activity.
S4843	Potassium acetate Potassium acetate is the potassium salt of acetic acid, which is a synthetic carboxylic acid with antibacterial and antifungal properties.
S4550	Azelaic acid Azelaic acid is an organic compound produced by the ozonolysis of oleic acid and possesses antibacterial, keratolytic, comedolytic, and anti-oxidant activity.
S4844	Cefcapene Pivoxil Hydrochloride Cefcapene Pivoxil is the pivalate ester prodrug form of cefcapene, a semi-synthetic third-generation cephalosporin with antibacterial activity.
S5355	Piperaquine phosphate Piperaquine phosphate is an orally active bisquinolone antimalarial drug.
S5351	Cefmetazole sodium Cefmetazole sodium is a semisynthetic cephamycin antibiotic with a broad spectrum of activity against both gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms.
S9560	Anisodamine Hydrobromide Anisodamine is a naturally occurring atropine derivative and exhibits anti-inflammatory activity. It also inhibits α1-adrenergic receptors and muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChRs).
S3910	4',7-Dimethoxyisoflavone 4',7-Dimethoxyisoflavone, isolated from the leaves of Albizzia lebbeck, shows antifungal activity in vitro.
S5009	Brivudine Brivudine is a uridine derivative and nucleoside analog with pro-apoptotic and chemosensitizing properties. It is incorporated into the viral DNA and blocks the action of DNA polymerases, thus inhibiting viral replication.
S4287	Micafungin Sodium Micafungin Sodium is an inhibitor of 1, 3-beta-D-glucan synthesis, used as an antifungal drug.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother, 2020, 64(2) BMC Infect Dis, 2020, 19;20(1):287 Biotechnol Adv, 2019, 37(6):107352	Effect of Micafungin on erythrocyte forward scatter. A. Original histogram of forward scatter of erythrocytes following exposure for 48 hours to Ringer solution without (grey area) and with (black line) presense of 25 µg/ml Micafungin. B. Arithmetic means ± SEM (n = 14) of the erythrocyte forward scatter (FSC) following incubation for 48 hours to Ringer solution without (white bar) or with (black bars) Micafungin (10-25 µg/ml). C. Arithmetic means ± SEM (n = 14) of the percentage of erythrocytes with forward scatter(FSC) <200 following incubation for 48 hours to Ringer solution without (white bar) or with (black bars) Micafungin (10-25 µg/ml). D. Arithmetic means ± SEM (n = 14) of the percentage of erythrocytes with forward scatter (FSC) >800 following incubation for 48 hours to Ringer solution without (white bar) or with (black bars) Micafungin (10-25 µg/ml). ***(p<0.001) indicates significant difference from the absence of Micafungin (ANOVA).
S5005	Cefotiam hydrochloride Cefotiam hydrochloride is the hydrochloride salt form of cefotiam and has a broad spectrum of activity against both gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms.
S4553	Bronopol Bronopol(2-bromo-2-nitropropane-1,3-diol) is antibacterial agent, used as preservative in cosmetic industry.
S5859	Sancycline Sancycline is a semi-synthetic tetracycline antibiotic.
S1962	Sulphadimethoxine Sulphadimethoxine is a non-reducing glucuronide.
S5007	Delamanid Delamanid is a new anti-tuberculosis drug with an excellent intracellular bactericidal activity and a high accumulation rate.
S4555	Carsalam Carsalam is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug.
S4812	Ceftizoxime Ceftizoxime is a semisynthetic cephalosporin antibiotic which can be administered intravenously or by suppository. It is highly resistant to a broad spectrum of beta-lactamases and is active against a wide range of both aerobic and anaerobic gram-positive and gram-negative organisms.
S5863	Metronidazole Benzoate Metronidazole Benzoate is the benzoate ester of metronidazole, a synthetic nitroimidazole derivative with antiprotozoal and antibacterial activities.
S4559	Cloxiquine Cloxiquine is an antibacterial, antifungal, antiaging and antituberculosis drug.
S7896	Sodium Tauroursodeoxycholate (TUDC) Sodium Tauroursodeoxycholate (TUDC) is a water soluble bile salt, used for the treatment of gallstones and liver cirrhosis.	Microbiome, 2019, 7(1):145 Int J Biol Sci, 2019, 15(9):1905-1920 EBioMedicine, 2018, 37:269-280
S4521	DEET DEET is a commen active ingredient insect repellent.
S4522	Dehydroacetic acid Dehydroacetic acid is an organic compound, used mostly as a fungicide and bactericide.
S5108	Tylosin Tylosin is a macrolide-class broad spectrum antibiotic that's used in veterinary medicine to treat felines, canines and livestock.
S4847	Faropenem Sodium Faropenem sodium is an orally active beta-lactam antibiotic that has been used in trials studying the treatment of Tuberculosis, Pulmonary Tuberculosis, and Community Acquired Pneumonia.
S4565	Diiodohydroxyquinoline Diiodohydroxyquinoline is a topical therapeutic agent,a quinoline derivative, with satisfactory antibacterial properties.
S4999	Avermectin B1 Avermectin B1 (Abamectin) is a widely used insecticide and anthelmintic.
S9185	Nitidine Chloride Nitidine Chloride, a benzophenanthridine alkaloid found in species of the genus Zanthoxylum, has an anti-malarial activity.
S5456	Isobavachalcone Isobavachalcone, a naturally occurring chalcone compound derived from the seeds of Psoralea corylifolia L., has long been used in traditional Chinese medicine as anthelmintic, antibacterial, aphrodisiac, astringent and antiplatelet agent.
S5247	Selamectin Selamectin is a novel macrocyclic lactone of the avermectin class. It paralyses and/or kills a wide range of invertebrate parasites through interference with their chloride channel conductance causing disruption of normal neurotransmission and has adulticidal, ovicidal and larvicidal activity against fleas.

Catalog No.	Information	Product Use Citations	Product Validations
S1047	Vorinostat (SAHA) Vorinostat (suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid, SAHA) is an HDAC inhibitor with IC50 of ~10 nM in a cell-free assay. Vorinostat abrogates productive HPV-18 DNA amplification.	Nat Biotechnol, 2020, 10.1038/s41587-019-0388-4 Cancer Cell, 2020, 13;37(4):599-617 e7 Nucleic Acids Res, 2020, 10.1093/nar/gkaa088	Western blot analysis of histone H3 acetylation in the spleen of untreated and vorinostat-treated hNF-E2 tg mice (n = 4 of each genotype).
S1009	Dactolisib (BEZ235) Dactolisib (BEZ235, NVP-BEZ235) is a dual ATP-competitive PI3K and mTOR inhibitor for p110α/γ/δ/β and mTOR(p70S6K) with IC50 of 4 nM /5 nM /7 nM /75 nM /6 nM in cell-free assays, respectively. Inhibits ATR with IC50 of 21 nM in 3T3^TopBP1-ER cell. Dactolisib induces autophagy and suppresses HIV-1 replication. Phase 2.	Nat Commun, 2020, 14;11(1):1825 Genome Med, 2020, 18;12(1):17 Biomaterials, 2020, 246:120012	Three-dimensional responses of MCF7/IGF-1R cells to TAM (1 μM), E2 and IGF-1. Compared to parental MCF7 cells (a), MCF7/IGF-1R cells (b) in three-dimensional (3D) culture formed bigger acini in response to IGF-1 stimulation and displayed significant TAM resistance when treated with TAM (1 μM) + E2 + IGF-1, which was removable by kinase inhibitors BMS-536924, U0126 and BEZ235 (c). Cells (10,000/well) were seeded in 96-well plates. Acini were formed on 100% Matrigel and cultured for 14 days in starving medium containing 2% Matrigel and 5% charcoal/dextran-stripped fetal bovine serum with the treatments as indicated. Concentrations used: TAM (1 μM), E2 (1 nM) and IGF-1 (100 ng/mL). Confocal image original magnification, × 20. Red, rhodamine phalloidin (actin). Blue, Hoechst blue stain. Results are representative of two individual experiments.
S1102	U0126-EtOH U0126-EtOH is a highly selective inhibitor of MEK1/2 with IC50 of 0.07 μM/0.06 μM in cell-free assays, 100-fold higher affinity for ΔN3-S218E/S222D MEK than PD98059. U0126 inhibits autophagy and mitophagy with antiviral activity.	Sci Adv, 2020, 1;6(18):eaaz7001 Autophagy, 2020, 16(6):1061-1076 EMBO Mol Med, 2020, 12(4):e11177	Cells were stimulated with TPA (10 nM) for 15 min in the presence of the indicated concentrations of U0126. Samples were collected and analyzed by Western blot to detect phosphorylated p42/p44 MAPK.
S5001	Tofacitinib (CP-690550) Citrate Tofacitinib citrate (CP-690550 citrate) is a novel inhibitor of JAK with IC50 of 1 nM, 20 nM and 112 nM against JAK3, JAK2, and JAK1, respectively. Tofacitinib citrate has anti-infection activity.	J Clin Invest, 2020, 130(2):863-876 Cancer Discov, 2020, 10(4):608-625 J Neuroinflammation, 2020, 29;17(1):170	CP-690550 reduced the severity of ischemic damage. (A) CP-690550 (10 μM) suppressed IL-17 production by cdT cells and activated memory T cells. cdT cells and CD4+ CD44+ memory T cells isolated from C5BL6J mice through flow cytometry were stimulated for 24 h with plate-bound monoclonal antibodies to CD3 (2 ng/ml) and CD28 (1 ng/ml) in the presence or absence of IL-23 (25 ng/ml). IL-17A production and IL-17A expression level were measured by quantitative RT-PCR (a) and ELISA (b). (B) CBF reduction after brain ischemia. (C) Time-dependent changes in neurological score. *p < 0.05. (D) Infarct volume as visualized through TTC staining on day 3 in CP-690550 (CP)- and vehicle-treated mice.
S6845^New	GRL0617 GRL0617 is a potent, selective and competitive noncovalent inhibitor of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV) papain-like protease (PLPro)/deubiquitinase with IC50 of 0.6 μM and Ki of 0.49 μM. GRL0617 inhibits SARS-CoV viral replication in Vero E6 cells with EC50 of 15 microM and has no associated cytotoxicity.
S6848^New	3'-Fluoro-3'-deoxythymidine (Alovudine) 3'-Fluoro-3'-deoxythymidine (Alovudine) is a potent inhibitor of polymerase γ and reverse transcriptase that can be used in the treatment of HIV infection. 3'-Fluoro-3'-deoxythymidine (Alovudine) is also a marker of DNA synthesis that can be used as an early response biomarker in the chemotherapy of pancreatic cancer.
S4307^New	Auranofin Auranofin (SKF-39162) is an inhibitor of thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) with IC50 of 88 nM for purified H. pylori TrxR in cell-free assay. Auranofin has anti-cancer activity and can completely inhibit bacterial growth at 1.2 μM. Auranofin is an FDA-approved gold-containing compound used for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.
S8969^New	EIDD-2801 EIDD-2801 is an orally bioavailable prodrug of the ribonucleoside analog β-d-N⁴-hydroxycytidine (NHC; EIDD-1931) with broad-spectrum antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2, MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV, and the causative agent of COVID-19.
S0436^New	Pleconaril Pleconaril is a capsid inhibitor used previously to treat enterovirus infections. Pleconaril is effective in inhibiting replication with IC50 of < 0.050 μM.
S0470^New	RSV604 RSV604, a novel benzodiazepine, is an inhibitor of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) with EC50 of 0.86 μM. RSV604 has significant potential for the effective treatment of RSV disease. Phase 2.
S0285^New	Bay 41-4109 racemate BAY 41-4109 racemate is a mixture of R-isomer of BAY 41-4109 and S-isomer of BAY 41-4109. BAY 41-4109 an antiviral compound that inhibits human hepatitis B virus (HBV) with IC50 of 53 nM.
S6814^New	GS-441524 GS-441524, a molecular precursor to a pharmacologically active nucleoside triphosphate molecule, is a potent inhibitor of feline infectious peritonitis virus (FIPV) with EC50 of 0.78 μM.
S5183^New	PD 169316 PD 169316 is a potent, selective and cell-permeable p38 MAP kinase inhibitor with IC50 of 89 nM. PD169316 abrogates signaling initiated by both TGFbeta and Activin A. PD169316 shows antiviral activity against Enterovirus71.
S0038^New	AB-423 AB-423, a member of the sulfamoylbenzamide (SBA) class of hepatitis B virus (HBV) capsid inhibitors, shows potent inhibition of HBV replication with EC50 of 0.08 μM - 0.27 μM and EC90 of 0.33 μM - 1.32 μM in cells. Phase 1.
S6689^New	Merimepodib Merimepodib is a potent, specific, and reversible inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase(IMPDH) inhibitor with antiviral activity against hepatitis C virus (HCV) and a variety of DNA and RNA viruses in vitro.Merimepodib is an immunosuppressive agent.
S6771^New	MAC-545496 MAC-545496 is a nanomolar glycopeptide-resistance-associated protein R(GraR) inhibitor with strong binding affinity to the full-length GraR protein (Kd ≤ 0.1 nM). MAC-545496 can reverse β-lactam resistance in methicillin-resistant strains and synergize with CAMPs. MAC-545496 shows remarkable activity in macrophages and attenuates S. aureus virulence in a G. mellonella larvae infection model.
S8932^New	Remdesivir (GS-5734) Remdesivir,a monophosphoramidate prodrug of an adenosine analog, is an investigational broad-spectrum antiviral agent with in vitro activity against multiple RNA viruses, including Ebola and CoV.
S6676^New	Ebselen Ebselen is a small-molecule capsid inhibitor of HIV-1 Replication with IC50 of 46.1 nM in TR-FRET assay.
S4303^New	9-Aminoacridine 9-Aminoacridine is a highly fluorescent dye used clinically as a topical antiseptic and experimentally as a mutagen, an intracellular pH indicator and a negative mode small molecule MALDI matrix.
S6549^New	PBTZ169 PBTZ169, an antibiotic with antimycobacterial activity, is an irreversible inhibitor of DprE1.	Cell Death Dis, 2019, 10(4):319
S8873^New	Letermovir（AIC246） Letermovir(AIC246, MK-8228) is a novel anti-CMV compound which targets the viral terminase complex and remains active against virus resistant to DNA polymerase inhibitors.
S1230	Flavopiridol (Alvocidib) Flavopiridol (Alvocidib) competes with ATP to inhibit CDKs including CDK1, CDK2, CDK4, CDK6, and CDK9 with IC50 values in the 20-100 nM range. It is more selective for CDK1, 2, 4, 6, 9 versus CDK7. Flavopiridol is initially found to inhibit EGFR and PKA. Flavopiridol induces autophagy and ER stress. Flavopiridol blocks HIV-1 replication. Phase 1/2.	Nature, 2020, 580(7801):147-150 Mol Cell, 2020, 7;S1097-2765(20)30269-0 Nucleic Acids Res, 2020, 24;gkaa268	(C) In vivo treatment of Tg:Pomc-Pttg;Pomc-eGFP embryos with small-molecule CDK inhibitors (50 μM) or 0.2% DMSO as control from 18 to 40 hpf. One hundred to one hundred fifty embryos were treated with each compound. Representative images of live embryos are shown with gross morphology (Right) and pituitary Pomc-GFP-positive cells at higher magnification (Left) at 40 hpf. Embryos exposed to flavopiridol developed early developmental defect before pituitary POMC cell ontogeny occurs. (D) Relative expression of pituitary Pomc-eGFP fluorescence analyzed using Volocity 5.2 software (Improvision; mean ±SE of relative expression, n = 7). (E) R-roscovitine specifically suppresses expansion of pituitary POMC cells overexpressing zPttg from 18 to 48 hpf. Double transgenic Tg:Pomc-Pttg;Prl-RFP embryos were generated by breeding Tg:Pomc-Pttg fish with a previously generated PRL-RFP transgenic line, in which RFP was targeted to pituitary lactotrophs by a zebrafish Prolactin promoter (34). Representative fluorescent microscopy of pituitary POMC-eGFP (a and b) and PRL-RFP (c and d) expression in live Tg:Pomc-Pttg; Pomc-eGFP and Tg:Pomc-Pttg;Prl-RFP embryos treated with 0.2% DMSO (a and c) or 50 μM R-roscovitine (b and d). (F) Relative expression of pituitary POMC-eGFP or PRL-RFP fluorescence were analyzed (mean ±SE of relative expression; n = 10). Results represent one of three similar experiments;P < 0.02 and *P < 0.000005. (Scale bar, 50 μm.)
S2003	Maraviroc Maraviroc is a CCR5 antagonist for MIP-1α, MIP-1β and RANTES with IC50 of 3.3 nM, 7.2 nM and 5.2 nM in cell-free assays, respectively. Maraviroc is used in the treatment of HIV infection.	Sci Adv, 2020, 22;6(21):eaaz8521 Mucosal Immunol, 2020, 28 Mol Cancer Ther, 2020, 13;molcanther11722019	CCR5 antagonists block FBS-induced breast cancer cell invasion. 3D reconstruction of FBS-induced invasion into collagen gels by Hs578T (A) or SUM-159 (C) breast cancer cells in presence of CCR5 antagonists (100 nmol/L). The corresponding quantifications (mean ±SEM, n = 3) and analysis (Bonferronit test) are displayed in B and D.
S1209	Fluorouracil (5-Fluorouracil, 5-FU) Fluorouracil (5-Fluorouracil, 5-FU) is a DNA/RNA synthesis inhibitor, which interrupts nucleotide synthetic by inhibiting thymidylate synthase (TS) in tumor cells. Fluorouracil induces apoptosis and can be used in the treatment of HIV.	Cancer Cell, 2020, 37(3):371-386 J Hematol Oncol, 2020, 1;13(1):40 Cancer Lett, 2020, 473:74-89	DNA-PKcs suppression mediated ROS production and GSH content in HepG2 cells exposed to CDDP and 5-Fu. a DNA-PKcs inhibition promoted ROS production in HepG2 cells treated with indicated concentrations of CDDP and 5-Fu. DCFH-DA fluorescent analysis was performed to assess the ROS level. Data presented were mean ?SD of three independent experiments.
S1537	DMXAA (Vadimezan) DMXAA (Vadimezan) is a vascular disrupting agents (VDA) and competitive inhibitor of DT-diaphorase with Ki of 20 μM and IC50 of 62.5 μM in cell-free assays, respectively. DMXAA (Vadimezan) is also a STING agonist with potential antineoplastic activity. DMXAA (Vadimezan) potently induces IFN-β but relatively low TNF-α expression in vitro. DMXAA (Vadimezan) has antiviral activity. Phase 3.	Immunity, 2020, 7 pii: S1074-7613(20)30129-1 Cancer Discov, 2019, 9(6):722-737 ChemMedChem, 2018, 13(19):2057-2064	(B and C) sh-scrambled or sh-ck2a–transducted L929 cells (B) and Raw cells (C) were stimulated by DMXAA (100 μg/ml) for various times. Cytosolic and nuclear extracts were prepared as described in Materials and Methods. Five percent of the cytosolic proteins and 20% of the nuclear proteins were resolved by 10% SDS-PAGE. Subsequently, immunoblotting was conducted by indicated Abs. The amounts of Tubulin and Lamin B1 in cytosol versus nuclei detected by respective Abs were used as internal control for fractionation.
S7046	Brefeldin A Brefeldin A is a lactone antibiotic and ATPase inhibitor for protein transport with IC50 of 0.2 μM in HCT 116 cells, induces cancer cell differentiation and apoptosis. It could also improve the HDR(homology-directed repair) efficiency and be an enhancer of CRISPR-mediated HDR. Brefeldin A is also an inhibitor of autophagy and mitophagy.	Cell Host Microbe, 2020, 11;27(3):476-485 e7 Ann Transl Med, 2020, 8(8):532 Nat Microbiol, 2019, 4(5):813-825	Cells were treated with brefeldin A or manumycin A, and the resulting supernatant was collected after 48 h for exosomal preparation (lanes 1 and 2), or exosomes obtained from C81 cells were trypsin-treated or freeze/thawed (F/T) and then trypsin-treated (lanes 3 and 4). Lanes 5 and 6, input exosome controls from C81 or CEM cells, respectively. Resulting exosomes were assayed for the presence of Tax by Western blotting.
S7015	Birinapant Birinapant is a SMAC mimetic antagonist, mostly to cIAP1 with K_d of <1 nM in a cell-free assay, less potent to XIAP. Birinapant helps to induce apoptosis in latent HIV-1-infected cells. Phase 2.	Cell Rep, 2020, 30(4):1260-1270 Cell Rep, 2020, 21;31(3):107547 Cell Death Differ, 2020, 26	Western blot analysis of XIAP and cIAP1 expression and PARP cleavage in H460, A549 and 34LU cells pre-treated with vorinostat or entinostat for 6h followed by the SMAC mimetic birinapant for 24h.
S1400	Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate belongs to a class of antiretroviral drugs, it inhibits the activity of HIV reverse transcriptase by competing with the natural substrate deoxyadenosine 5’-triphosphate and, after incorporation into DNA, by DNA chain termination.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother, 2019, 64(1) Antimicrob Agents Chemother, 2018, 62(6) Antimicrob Agents Chemother, 2018, 62(9)	Human PBMCs containing indicated concentrations of Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate were inoculated with 5 ng mock-exposed or semen-exposed R5-HIV-luciferase, or 50 ng R5-HIV-luciferase as infectivity matched control. Infection rates were determined 3 days post inoculation.
S1704	Emtricitabine Emtricitabine (FTC) is a new nucleoside agent that has activity against both human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis B virus. It is a reverse transcriptase inhibitor. Intracellular half-life is 39 h.	JCI Insight, 2019, 4(12) Nat Med, 2018, 24(5):604-609 Antimicrob Agents Chemother, 2018, 62(9)
S2597	Oseltamivir Phosphate Oseltamivir Phosphate is a potent and selective inhibitor of the neuraminidase that is essential for replication of influenza A and B viruses, used to prevent influenza.	J Cell Mol Med, 2018, 22(3):1826-1839 Infect Immun, 2015, 10.1128/IAI.03118-14 Drug Metab Dispos, 2014, 42(9):1522-31	Nystatin, filipin III, and oseltamivir inhibit the labeling of trophozoites by CTXB and GM1 antibodies. (A) Trophozoites were treated with nystatin (27 μM), filipin III (7.6 μM), and oseltamivir (20 μM) for 30 min before labeling with Alexa Fluor-conjugated CTXB antibody (images a to d) and GM1 antibody (images a′ to d′). Myriocin (27 μM), a sphingolipid inhibitor, was used as a negative control (images e and e′). N, nucleus; PM, plasma membrane; F, flagella; VD, ventral disc. Bars, 5 μm. (B and C) Changes in intensity of control and inhibitor-treated trophozoites. For intensity measurements, cells were randomly selected from 10 to 15 fields from 3 to 5 separate experiments. Approximately 50 cells were considered for each condition and were analyzed using Zeiss Zen 2009 confocal software. One-way ANOVAs were performed to evaluate differences (means ± SDs) between the treatment and control groups. Mean intensities from 3 to 5 separate experiments are shown in panels B and C. Statistical significance was calculated using a one-way ANOVA test, followed by the Tukey (B) and Holm-Šídák (C) methods. , P < 0.05; , P < 0.01; **, P < 0.001; NS, not significant.
S3021	Rimonabant Rimonabant is a selective antagonist of CB1 with IC50 of 13.6 nM and EC50 of 17.3 nM in hCB1 transfected HEK 293 membrane. Rimonabant is also a dual inhibitor of acyl CoA:cholesterol acyltransferases(ACAT) 1 and 2 and inhibits mycobacterial MmpL3.	Microbiol Immunol, 2020, 10.1111/1348-0421.12777
S8030	Plerixafor (AMD3100) Plerixafor (AMD3100) is a chemokine receptor antagonist for CXCR4 and CXCL12-mediated chemotaxis with IC50 of 44 nM and 5.7 nM in cell-free assays, respectively. Plerixafor inhibits human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) replication.	Cell Chem Biol, 2020, 10.1016/j.chembiol.2020.01.010 Mol Oncol, 2020, 14(4):779-794 J Biol Chem, 2020, 1 pii: jbc	BLI of NSG mice engrafted with BV173, treated with no therapy (control), plerixafor: 1 mg/kg IP daily, ESKM 100 ug twice weekly, and a combination of ESKM and plerixafor. (A) Logarithmic plot of BLI of leukemia growth measured weekly. Error bars are 5-95% confidence intervals. There was a small but not significant difference between ESKM and combination treated group. (B) End of therapy (day 34) BLI.
S1386	Nafamostat Mesylate Nafamostat mesilate is a synthetic serine protease inhibitor, used as an anticoagulant during hemodialysis. Nafamostat mesylate blocks activation of SARS-CoV-2 and is investigated as a new treatment option for COVID-19. Nafamostat Mesilate attenuates inflammation and apoptosis.	Br J Pharmacol, 2018, 175(17):3516-3533 Cancer Lett, 2016, 380(1):87-97 Med Oncol, 2016, 33(5):53	Immunofluorescence of NF-κB/p65 in HCT 116 and SW 1116 cells exposed to TNFα (25 ng/ml) with or without nafamostat mesilate(FLU) (100 μM). Scale bars: 20 μm.
S1627	Nitazoxanide Nitazoxanide is a synthetic nitrothiazolyl-salicylamide derivative and an antiprotozoal agent. (IC50 for canine influenza virus ranges from 0.17 to 0.21 μM)	bioRxiv, 2020, 2020/9/20.4.7.30734 Nat Chem Biol, 2018, 14(1):94-101
S1623	Acetylcysteine(N-acetylcysteine) Acetylcysteine(N-acetyl-l-cysteine) is a ROS(reactive oxygen species) inhibitor that antagonizes the activity of proteasome inhibitors. It is also a tumor necrosis factor production inhibitor. Acetylcysteine(N-acetyl-l-cysteine) suppresses TNF-induced NF-κB activation through inhibition of IκB kinases. Acetylcysteine(N-acetyl-l-cysteine) induces apoptosis via the mitochondria-dependent pathway. Acetylcysteine(N-acetyl-l-cysteine) inhibits ferroptosis and virus replication.Solutions of Acetylcysteine are best fresh-prepared.	Cell Death Differ, 2020, 10.1038/s41418-020-0496-1 J Hazard Mater, 2020, 5;391:122203 Oxid Med Cell Longev, 2020, 13;2020:3145182	(C) Double immunolabeling showed CK-labeled cells (green) co-expressed with 40, 6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) (blue), scale bars are 50 μm.
S8047	Dynasore Dynasore is a cell-permeable, reversible non-competitive dynamin inhibitor of GTPase activity of dynamin 1/2, with IC50 of 15 μM in a cell-free assay, also inhibits the mitochondrial dynamin Drp1, with no effect against other small GTPase. Dynasore suppresses mTORC1 activity and induces autophagy. Dynasore inhibits the entry of several viruses, including herpes simplex virus (HSV).	Nat Cell Biol, 2020, 1 J Immunol, 2020, 204(5):1146-1157 Sci Rep, 2020, 26;10(1):8686	Immunocytochemistry demonstrates NR4A1 nuclear location at control (non-chymase treated) in HL-1 cells (a). Chymase (2.5 ug/ml) treatment for 2 h induces NR4A1 (red) cytoplasmic translocation in HL-1 cells as well as myosin (green) disruption (panel b). Active chymase enters HL-1 cells and is prevented by Dynasore (c and d). There marked entry into HL-1 cell nuclei and cytoplasm after treatment with chymase (5 ug/ml) for 2 h that is prevented by pre-treatment with Dynasore. Lack of co-staining with caveolin 3 (green) demonstrates that chymase is not transported via caveolae. Dynasore prevents transferrin uptake in HL-1 cells.
S4157	Chloroquine diphosphate Chloroquine diphosphate is a 4-aminoquinoline anti-malarial and anti-rheumatoid agent, also acting as an ATM activator. Chloroquine is also an inhibitor of toll-like receptors (TLRs).	Autophagy, 2020, 10.1080/15548627.2020.1740529 Autophagy, 2020, 22:1-10 EMBO Rep, 2020, 6;21(5):e49232	NCI-H929 EV and miR-137 OE cells were treated with ATM activator Chloroquine Phosphate (CQ), specific ATM inhibitor KU-55933, and ATR inhibitor AZ20 for 12 hr. Immunoblotting showed the expression of p-ATM, p-Chk2, p-BRCA1, p-ATR and p-Chk1.
S2527	Methacycline HCl Methacycline HCl is a tetracycline antibiotic, and also an inhibitor of epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) with IC50 of roughly 5 μM, used to treat various infections.	Cancer Cell Int, 2020, 19;20:58 Sci Rep, 2018, 8(1):7653
S1677	Chloramphenicol Chloramphenicol is a bacteriostatic by inhibiting protein synthesis.
S2716	Peramivir Trihydrate Peramivir Trihydrate is a trihydrate of the anti-infection agent peramivir (RWJ-270201,BCX-1812) which is a transition-state analogue and a potent, specific influenza viral neuraminidase inhibitor with an IC50 of median 0.09 nM.	Emerg Microbes Infec, 2014, 3, e78 Emerg Microbes Infect, 2014, 3(11):e78	Dose-response curve of the SH5190, SH5190 R292K and the A(H1N1)pdm09 (2167) viruses in the presence of peramivir (C) using a chemiluminescent (NA-star) assay. The NA activity of the H7N9 or H1N1 viruses under increasing concentrations (0.03-1000 nM) of the NAIs was determined. Each data point represents the normalized mean ± SEM neuraminidase activity from three replicated wells. The experiments were repeated twice.
S1606	Clotrimazole Clotrimazole alters the permeability of the fungal cell wall by inhibiting the biosynthesis of ergosterol, used in the treatment of fungal infections.	J Cell Physiol, 2020, 10.1002 J Biol Chem, 2018, 293(1):333-344
S1956	Miconazole Nitrate Miconazole Nitrate is an imidazole antifungal agent by inhibiting ergosterol biosynthesis and inducing ROS, used to treat vaginal yeast infections.	Biomol Ther (Seoul), 2020, 25 Cell Death Dis, 2019, 10(6):413 FASEB J, 2019, 10.1096/fj.201802603RR
S2557	Terbinafine HCl Terbinafine HCl inhibits ergosterol synthesis by inhibiting squalene epoxidase, used as an antifungal drug.	J Cell Mol Med, 2020, 25
S2457	Clindamycin HCl Clindamycin HCl inhibits protein synthesis by acting on the 50S ribosomal, used for the treatment of bacterial infections.	Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 2016, 113(50):14408-14413
S1611	Cefoperazone Cefoperazone is a cephalosporin antibiotic for inhibition of rMrp2-mediated [³H]E₂17βG uptake with IC50 of 199 μM.
S3007	Zanamivir Zanamivir is a neuraminidase inhibitor used in the treatment and prophylaxis of influenza caused by influenza A virus and influenza B virus.	Emerg Microbes Infec, 2014, 3, e78 Emerg Microbes Infect, 2014, 3(11):e78	Dose-response curve of the SH5190, SH5190 R292K and the A(H1N1)pdm09 (2167) viruses in the presence of oseltamivir zanamivir (B) using a chemiluminescent (NA-star) assay. The NA activity of the H7N9 or H1N1 viruses under increasing concentrations (0.03-1000 nM) of the NAIs was determined. Each data point represents the normalized mean ± SEM neuraminidase activity from three replicated wells. The experiments were repeated twice.
S2908	Hygromycin B Hygromycin B, a selective antibiotic that is effective on most bacteria, fungi and higher eukaryotes, inhibits protein synthesis by interfering with translocation and causing mistranslation at the 70S ribosome.	Cell Rep, 2020, 30(1):25-36 Mol Pharmacol, 2019, 96(1):13-25
S1854	Bifonazole Bifonazole is a substituted imidazole antifungal agent.	Nature, 2018, 560(7718):372-376	Percentage of MBP+ oligodendrocytes generated from OPCs following treatment with azoles (c). n ≥ 4 wells per condition.
S1876	Valaciclovir HCl Valaciclovir HCl, an aciclovir prodrug, inhibits activity of virus DNA polymerase, used to treat infections caused by herpes simplex virus (HSV) and varicella zoster virus, and for prophylaxis against cytomegalovirus (CMV).
S1997	Liranaftate Liranaftate is a squalene epoxidase inhibitor with anti-fungicidal activities.
S4042	Nafcillin Sodium Nafcillin sodium reversibly inhibits β-lactamase with K_d of 33 mM.
S1791	Bacitracin Zinc Bacitracin is an antibiotic that interferes with the dephosphorylation of C55-isoprenyl pyrophosphate, a membrane carrier molecule that transports the building-blocks of the peptidoglycan bacterial cell wall outside of the inner membrane. It inhibits cleavage of Tyr from Met-enkephalin with IC50 of 10 μM.
S2572	Streptomycin sulfate Streptomycin sulfate is a sulfate salt of streptomycin that is a protein synthesis inhibitor.
S1685	Sulfanilamide Sulfanilamide (Sulphanilamide) is a competitive inhibitor for bacterial enzyme dihydropteroate synthetase with IC50 of 320 μM.
S8279	Shikonin Shikonin, a potent and specific Pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) inhibitor, is a major component of zicao (purple gromwell, the dried root of Lithospermum erythrorhizon), a Chinese herbal medicine with various biological activities. It is also an inhibitor of TMEM16A chloride channel activity using cell-based fluorescent-quenching assay.	Phytomedicine, 2020, 68:153189 Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai), 2020, 52(1):9-17 Int J Biol Sci, 2020, 16(1):147-161
S8750	NGI-1(ML414) NGI-1 is an aminobenzamide-sulfonamide compound that targets both oligosaccharyltransferase (OST) isoforms and therefore may exhibit antiviral activity against flaviviruses.
S2830	Clindamycin Clindamycin inhibits protein synthesis by acting on the 50S ribosomal, used for the treatment of bacterial infections.
S7311	Q-VD-Oph Q-VD-Oph is a potent pan-caspase inhibitor with IC50 ranged from 25 to 400 nM for caspases 1,3,8, and 9. Q-VD-OPh can inhibits HIV infection.	Nat Immunol, 2020, 21(5):546-554 Nat Commun, 2020, 24;11(1):1996 Cell Rep, 2020, 21;31(3):107547	UA and Q-VD-Oph attenuated TNF-α-induced unclear translocation of NF-κB (C) and P-STAT3(S727) (D) in BEAS-2B cells.
S5268	Solithromycin Solithromycin, belonging to the well-known class of macrolide antibiotics that also includes azithromycin, is a potent bacterial protein synthesis inhibitor.
S4970	Nerol Nerol is a monoterpene found in many essential oils such as lemongrass and hops. Nerol has antifungal activity, Nerol can trigger mitochondrial dysfunction and disruption via elevation of Ca2+ and ROS leading to apoptosis.
S7975	Favipiravir (T-705) Favipiravir (T-705) is a potent and selective RNA-dependent RNA polymerase inhibitor, used to treat influenza virus infections.	Viruses, 2020, 22;12(3) pii: E351 Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev, 2019, 14:47-55 PLoS Negl Trop Dis, 2019, 13(11):e0007904	(A) BoDV-1 infection was measured by IFA. BoDV-1 P40 was detected with a primary monoclonal antibody (red), nuclei were stained with DAPI (blue), merged image (scale bars: 50 μm). Favipiravir: T-705
S4941	Farnesol Farnesol is a natural sesquiterpene alcohol that is potent in treating antimetabolic disorders, anti-inflammation, showing antioxidant, anticancer, and antibiotic effects.
S7550	Erythromycin Cyclocarbonate Erythromycin Cyclocarbonate, derivative of Erythromycin, inhibits protein synthesis of bacteria by binding to the 50S ribosome.
S4599	Benzyl benzoate Benzyl benzoate is one of the older preparations used to treat scabies. Scabies is a skin infection caused by the mite sarcoptes scabiei.
S7784	Fumagillin Fumagillin is a selective and potent irreversible inhibitor of Methionine aminopeptidase 2 (MetAP2), used as an antibiotic to treat microsporidiosis.
S4861	Oxindole Oxindole is an aromatic heterocyclic organic compound which causes sedation, muscle weakness, hypotension, and coma when dosed in excess. Oxindole has anti-cancer, anti-HIV, anti-diabetic, antibacterial and other pharmacological activities.
S3077	Tazobactam Tazobactam is a β-lactamases Inhibitor with antibacterial activity. It also inhibits the class D oxacillinase OXA-2. It is used in combination with piperacillin and other β-lactam antibiotics to broaden their spectrum and enhance their effect.
S4946	2,3-Dihydroxybenzoic acid 2,3-Dihydroxybenzoic acid is a natural phenol found in Phyllanthus acidus and in the aquatic fern Salvinia molesta, also a product of human aspirin metabolism. It is a potentially useful iron-chelating drug and has antimicrobial properties.
S4647	Cefmenoxime hydrochloride Cefmenoxime, a potent inhibitor of Enterobacteriaceae, is a cephalosporin antibiotic that is administered intravenously or intramuscularly.
S5499	Amantadine Amantadine is an antiviral that is used in the prophylactic or symptomatic treatment of influenza A. It is an M2 inhibitor which blocks the ion channel formed by the M2 protein that spans the viral membrane.
S4602	Acetohydroxamic acid Acetohydroxamic acid is an Urease Inhibitor. In the urine, it acts as an antagonist of the bacterial enzyme urease.
S9303	Saikosaponin B2 Saikosaponin B2 is a naturally occurring terpenoid that efficiently inhibits hepatitis C virus entry.	Phytomedicine, 2019, 67:153163
S9018	Luteoloside Luteoloside is a member of the flavonoids family that exhibits several bioactivities including anti-microbial and anti-cancer activities. It is an inhibitor of 3C Protease of Enterovirus 71 with an IC50 value of 0.36 mM.
S5345	Nerolidol Nerolidol is a naturally occurring sesquiterpene found in the essential oils of many types of plants and flowers. It has diverse range of pharmacological and biological activities including antioxidant, anti-microbial, anti-biofilm, anti-parasitic, insecticidal, anti-ulcer, skin penetration enhancer, anti-tumor, anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory properties.	Int Immunopharmacol, 2020, 80:106118
S7775	Emricasan Emricasan is a potent irreversible pan-caspase inhibitor. Emricasan is an inhibitor of Zika virus infection.	Nature, 2020, 580(7803):391-395 Nat Immunol, 2020, 21(5):546-554 Immunity, 2020, 22 pii: S1074-7613(20)30160-6
S9063	Harringtonine Harringtonine is a natural cephalotaxine alkaloid that inhibits protein biosynthesis. It also exhibits antiviral and anticancer activities.
S4430	Hydroxychloroquine Sulfate Hydroxychloroquine Sulfate is an antimalarial agent used for the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis and other autoimmune, inflammatory and dermatologic conditions. Also acts as an inhibitor of autophagy and toll-like receptor (TLR) 7/9.	Nat Commun, 2020, 24;11(1):1985 Geroscience, 2020, 10.1007/s11357-020-00166-4 J Cell Physiol, 2020, 10.1002/jcp.29433	C, SA-beta gal staining results of A549-LKB1 cells treated by trametinib (30 nmol/L), radiotherapy (2 Gy), and HCQ (50 μmol/L). Cells were treated by HCQ and/or trametinib 4 hours prior to radiotherapy. Drugs were washed out 24 hours after radiotherapy. Cells were incubated for additional 48 hours before staining. D, Clonogenic survival assay of A549-LKB1 cells treated with trametinib (30 nmol/L) and HCQ (50 μmol/L).
S9064	Trilobatin Trilobatin, a natural flavonoid lipid molecule, is an HIV-1 entry inhibitor targeting the HIV-1 Gp41 envelope and exihibits anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effect.
S5704	Myclobutanil Myclobutanil is a widely used triazole fungicide and also a steroid demethylation inhibitor.
S4983	Sorbic acid Sorbic acid is a naturally occurring compound that originated from the unripe berries of the Rowan Tree. It inhibits various bacteria, including sporeformers, at various stages of their life cycle (germination, outgrowth and cell division).
S9070	Isoxanthohumol Isoxanthohumol is one of the most important prenylflavonoids found in hops. It exhibits an antiproliferative activity against human breast cancer cell lines, ovarian cancer, prostate cancer, and colon cancer cells. Isoxanthohumol shows an antiviral activity towards herpes viruses (HSV1 and HSV2) and bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV).
S4198	Aminothiazole Aminothiazole can be used as a thyroid inhibitor and it has antibacterial activity.
S9072	Sweroside Sweroside, a bioactive herbal ingredient isolated from Fructus Corni, exhibits diverse biological activities, such as anti-fungal, anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-tumor effects.
S5927	Proguanil Proguanil is a prophylactic antimalarial drug. It inhibits the dihydrofolate reductase of plasmodia and thereby blocks the biosynthesis of purines and pyrimidines, which are essential for DNA synthesis and cell multiplication.
S3710	Fosfomycin calcium Fosfomycin is bactericidal and inhibits bacterial cell wall biogenesis by inactivating the enzyme UDP-N-acetylglucosamine-3-enolpyruvyltransferase, also known as MurA. It enters the bacterial cell through the glycerophosphate transporter.
S5166	Benzoyleneurea Benzoyleneurea scaffold is used in the synthesis of novel protein geranylgeranyltransferase-I inhibitors. Benzoyleneurea possesses anti-bacterial activity.
S5025	Efinaconazole Efinaconazole is an inhibitor of 14 alpha-demethylase which is involved in the biosynthesis of ergosterol, a constituent of fungal cell membranes.
S3667	Imipenem Imipenem acts as an inhibitor of AmpC β-lactamase and is an antibiotic useful for the treatment of a number of bacterial infections.
S4104	Diminazene Aceturate Diminazene is a di-amidine also known as 4,4-(1-Triazene–1,3–diyl)bis(benzenecarboximidamide), used as an effective trypanocidal agent. The main biochemical mechanism of the trypanocidal actions of Diminazene aceturate is by binding to trypanosomal kinetoplast DNA (kDNA) in a non-intercalative manner through specific interaction with sites rich in adenine-thymine base pairs. Diminazene aceturate is also an angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) activator and has strong and potent anti-inflammatory properties.	Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol, 2020, 10.1152/ajplung.00025.2020
S4105	Closantel Sodium Closantel is a gram positive antibacterial activity inhibitor, inhibiting the KinA/Spo0F system with IC50 of 3.8 μM.
S4106	Closantel Closantel is a gram positive antibacterial activity inhibitor, inhibiting the KinA/Spo0F system with IC50 of 3.8 μM.
S3711	Carbasalate Calcium Carbasalate calcium is an analgesic, antipyretic, and anti-inflammatory drug as well as a platelet aggregation inhibitor.
S3732	Avibactam sodium Avibactam is a covalent, reversible, non-β-lactam β-lactamase inhibitor with IC50 values of 8, 80, and 38 nM for TEM-1, P99, and KPC-2 β-lactamases, respectively.	mBio, 2020, 14;11(2) pii: e00603-20
S4701	2-Deoxy-D-glucose 2-Deoxy-D-glucose, an analog of glucose, is a glycolytic inhibitor with antiviral activity. 2-Deoxy-D-glucose induces apoptosis and inhibits Herpes Simplex Virus type-1 (HSV-1) receptor expression.	Cancer Cell, 2020, 13;37(4):599-617 e7 PLoS Pathog, 2020, 9;16(6):e1008568 Metabolism, 2020, 13;107:154231	(B) 2-DG activates AMPK and suppresses H3K27me3, PRC2 of ovarian cancer cells in normoglycemic condition.
S9341	3,4-Dimethoxycinnamic acid 3,4-Dimethoxycinnamic acid is a bioavailable coffee component as a perspective anti-prion compound and bind potently to prion protein with a Kd of 405 nM.
S2348	Rotenone (Barbasco) Rotenone is a botanical insecticide that is an inhibitor of mitochondrial electron transport.	G3 (Bethesda), 2020, 4;10(5):1585-1597 Nat Commun, 2019, 10(1):3856 Mol Neurobiol, 2018, 55(5):4078-4089
S4515	Ademetionine disulfate tosylate Ademetionine Disulfate Tosylate is the disulfate-tosylate mixed salt of a mixture of diastereoisomers of the ademetionine ions. Ademetionine possesses anti-inflammatory activity and has been used in treatment of chronic liver disease.
S3028	Geneticin (G418 Sulfate) Geneticin (G418 Sulfate), an aminoglycoside antibiotic, is an elongation inhibitor of 80 S ribosomes that blocks polypeptide synthesis by inhibiting the elongation step in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.	Mol Ther Oncolytics, 2020, 29;17:21-30 G3 (Bethesda), 2020, 4;10(5):1585-1597 Mol Cell, 2019, 75(6):1103-1116.e9
S7417	Puromycin 2HCl Puromycin 2HCl is an aminonucleoside antibiotic, which acts as a protein synthesis inhibitor.	Autophagy, 2020, 15:1-13 Cell Rep, 2020, 30(2):497-509 Oncogene, 2020, 39(21):4212-4226
S4780	7-Methoxy-4-methylcoumarin 7-Methoxy-4-methylcoumarin is a coumarin derivative and fluorescent label. 7-Methoxy-4-methylcoumarin has an antimicrobial activitiy against both gram positive and gram negative bacterial stains. 4-Methylherniarin displays good activity against B. subtilis and S.sonnei with IC50 of 11.76 μg/ml and 13.47 μg/ml, respectively.
S4783	Benzyl isothiocyanate Benzyl isothiocyanate (BITC) is an isothiocyanate originally found in cruciferous vegetables that exhibits immunomodulatory, anti-parasitic, antibiotic, antioxidative, anti-atherosclerotic, anti-angiogenic, anti-metastatic, anticancer chemotherapeutic, and chemopreventive activities.	Biomolecules, 2019, 9(12)
S7867	Oleuropein Oleuropein is an antioxidant polyphenol isolated from olive leaf. Oleuropein exerts antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-atherogenic effects and suppresses the adipocyte differentiation in vitro. Oleuropein inhibits PPARγ activity. Oleuropein exerts anti-adipogenic effect through direct inhibition of PPARγ transcriptional activity. Oleuropein also inhibits aromatase. Oleuropein induces apoptosis. Phase 2.
S4549	Antimonyl potassium tartrate trihydrate Antimony potassium tartrate trihydrate is a powerful emetic, also used in the treatment of schistosomiasis and leishmaniasis.
S4286	Anidulafungin (LY303366) Anidulafungin (LY303366), an echinocandin derivative, inhibits glucan synthase activity, used as an antifungal drug.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother, 2020, 64(2) BMC Infect Dis, 2020, 19;20(1):287 Front Microbiol, 2020, 10:2936	Effect of Anidulafungin on hemolysis. Arithmetic means ± SEM (n = 8) of the percentage of hemolytic erythrocytes following incubation for 48 hours to Ringer solution without (white bar) or with (black bars) Anidulafungin (1.5-6 μg/ml). ***(p<0.001) indicates significant difference from the absence of Anidulafungin (ANOVA).
S5952	Baloxavir marboxil Baloxavir marboxil, a cap-endonuclease inhibitor, is an antiviral drug.
S7419	Blasticidin S HCl Blasticidin S HCl is a nucleoside antibiotic isolated from Stretomyces girseochromogenes, and acts as a DNA and protein synthesis inhibitor, used to select transfected cells carrying bsr or BSD resistance genes.	Cells, 2020, 9(1) Nat Chem Biol, 2019, 15(11):1110-1119 Cell, 2018, 174(6):1477-1491
S7465	FTI 277 HCl FTI 277 HCl is the methyl ester of FTI 277, which is a potent and selective farnesyltransferase (FTase) inhibitor with IC50 of 500 pM, about 100-fold selectivity over the closely related GGTase I. FTI 277 HCl inhibits cell growth and induces apoptosis. FTI 277 HCl is effective in clearing HDV viremia.	Nat Commun, 2019, 10(1):273 Cancer Lett, 2018, 442:202-212 Oncol Rep, 2018, 40(4):2171-2182	(A) HCT 116 cells were treated with Tram (0, 30, or 60 nM), and then treated with 10 μM FTI-277/4 μM GGTI-298 or vehicle control for 48 hr. CCK8 assays were performed to assess cell proliferation and growth. The data from a representative example of three independent experiments are presented as the mean±SD. (B) SW480 and MDA-MB-231 cells were treated with Tram (0, 80, 160 nM), and then treated with 10 μM FTI-277/4 μM GGTI-298 or vehicle control for 48 hr. CCK8 assays were performed to assess cell proliferation and growth. The data from a representative example of three independent experiments are presented as the mean±SD.
S4854	Bedaquiline fumarate Bedaquiline fumarate, an oral diarylquinoline, is a bactericidal antimycobacterial drug. It is a proton-translocating ATP synthetase inhibitor.
S1958	Sulbactam Sulbactam is a beta-lactamase inhibitor with an average IC50 of 0.8 μM.
S4564	Diethylcarbamazine citrate Diethylcarbamazine citrate is an inhibitor of arachidonic acid metabolism in filarial microfilaria and is highly specific for several parasites and does not contain any toxic metallic elements.

Catalog No.	Information	Product Use Citations	Product Validations
S4389^New	Bephenium Hydroxynaphthoate Bephenium is an activator of B-type Acetylcholine receptor (AChR). Bephenium selectively activates the Hco-L-AChR1 subtype made of Hco-UNC-29.1, Hco-UNC-38, Hco-UNC-63, Hco-ACR-8 subunits. Bephenium hydroxynaphthoate is an anthelmintic agent formerly used in the treatment of hookworm infections and ascariasis.

Catalog No.

Information

Product Use Citations

Product Validations

S4389^New

Bephenium Hydroxynaphthoate

Bephenium is an activator of B-type Acetylcholine receptor (AChR). Bephenium selectively activates the Hco-L-AChR1 subtype made of Hco-UNC-29.1, Hco-UNC-38, Hco-UNC-63, Hco-ACR-8 subunits. Bephenium hydroxynaphthoate is an anthelmintic agent formerly used in the treatment of hookworm infections and ascariasis.

Catalog No.	Information	Product Use Citations	Product Validations
S1208	Doxorubicin (Adriamycin) HCl Doxorubicin (Adriamycin) HCl is an antibiotic agent that inhibits DNA topoisomerase II and induces DNA damage, mitophagy and apoptosis in tumor cells. Doxorubicin reduces basal phosphorylation of AMPK. Doxorubicin is used in the concomitant treatment of HIV-infected patients but is found to be at high risk of HBV reactivation.	Nat Commun, 2020, 24;11(1):1972 PLoS Biol, 2020, 23;18(3):e3000666 Cancer Res, 2020, 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-19-2069	Cell viabilities with increasing concentrations of cisplatin (CP) and doxorubicin (DOXO) under normoxic and hypoxic condition for 48 hours were determined by MTT assay. IC50 values are presented as the means ?SDs (n=4) and * denotes p<0.05.
S4408^New	Procodazole Procodazole is used as a potentiator which is non-specific active immunoprotective against viral and bacterial infections.
S0443^New	Desciclovir Desciclovir (DCV) is a prodrug of the antiherpetic agent acyclovir (ACV) that converted into ACV by xanthine oxidase in humans.
S6761^New	Dalfopristin Dalfopristin is a semi-synthetic analogue of ostreogyrcin A, Quinupristin/dalfopristin is a new combination streptogramin product with a selective spectrum of antibacterial activity, mainly against gram-positive aerobic bacteria.
S9466^New	Methenamine Hippurate Methenamine Hippurate is the hippurate salt form of methenamine, a prodrug and inactive weak base that is hydrolyzed to formaldehyde in acid urine.Methenamine Hippurate is the component of Hiprex drug which has antibacterial activity.
S4393^New	Cephapirin Sodium Cephapirin Sodium is the sodium salt form of cephapirin, a semi-synthetic, first-generation cephalosporin antibiotic with bactericidal activity.Cephapirin Sodium is effective against gram-negative and gram-positive organisms.
S4404^New	Pasiniazid Pasiniazid is a composition of isoniazid and 4-aminosalicylic acid, used to treat tuberculosis patients.
S6729^New	Besifovir Besifovir is novel and potent acyclic nucleotide phosphonate used to treat hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection.
S4421^New	Josamycin Josamycin is a macrolide antibiotic from Streptomyces narbonensis. The drug has antimicrobial activity against a wide spectrum of pathogens.
S6582^New	Ozenoxacin Ozenoxacin is a quinolone antibiotic used for the treatment of impetigo.
S8871^New	Omadacycline tosylate Omadacycline is a first-in-class aminomethylcycline antibiotic, demonstrating antimicrobial activity in vitro against a range of Gram-positive and Gram-negative aerobes and some anaerobic bacteria.
S6562^New	KKL-35 KKL-35 inhibits the trans-translation tagging reaction with an IC50 of 0.9 µM. It has broad-spectrum antibiotic activity.
S3013	Plerixafor 8HCl (AMD3100 8HCl) Plerixafor 8HCl (AMD3100 8HCl) is the hydrochloride of Plerixafor, a chemokine receptor antagonist for CXCR4 and CXCL12-mediated chemotaxis with IC50 of 44 nM and 5.7 nM in cell-free assays, respectively. Plerixafor can be used as an anti-HIV agent.	Mol Oncol, 2020, 14(4):779-794 Biol Reprod, 2019, 101(1):102-111 Gastroenterology, 2018, 155(3):880-891.e8	BLI of NSG mice engrafted with BV173, treated with no therapy (control), plerixafor: 1 mg/kg IP daily, ESKM 100 ug twice weekly, and a combination of ESKM and plerixafor. (A) Logarithmic plot of BLI of leukemia growth measured weekly. Error bars are 5-95% confidence intervals. There was a small but not significant difference between ESKM and combination treated group. (B) End of therapy (day 34) BLI.
S1373	Daptomycin Daptomycin is a novel antibiotic with rapid in vitro bactericidal activity against gram-positive organisms.	Front Microbiol, 2020, 21;11:646 PLoS One, 2020, 15(2):e0228509 ACS Infect Dis, 2019, 5(4):539-549	Same experiment as in Figure 2 with fluorescent daptomycin shown as confocal images. A 7/3 DOPC/DOPG GUV (including 1% Rh-PE) was introduced at time zero into a solution containing 1 uM daptomycin with 0.5 uM BODIPY-daptomycin and 1 mM Ca2+. To show colocalization of lipid and peptide in aggregates, confocal images were taken: red for RH-PE and green for BODIPY-daptomycin. As the protrusion length decreased, aggregates appeared on the GUV surface containing both lipid and peptide. The scale bar is 10 um.
S1408	Linezolid Linezolid is a synthetic antibiotic used for the treatment of serious infections.	Front Microbiol, 2020, 11:265 J Mol Cell Biol, 2019, pii: mjz020 PLoS One, 2019, 14(10):e0222970
S1097	BTZ043 Racemate BTZ043 racemate is a decaprenylphosphoryl-β-_D-ribose 2'-epimerase (DprE1) inhibitor acting as a new antimycobacterial agent that kill Mycobacterium tuberculosis.	J Med Chem, 2020, 28;63(10):5367-5386 Biochem Pharmacol, 2019, 162:41-54 Blood Adv, 2019, 3(5):797-812
S1517	Natamycin Natamycin, a natural and versatile anti-fungal agent during fermentation by the bacterium Streptomyces natalensis, commonly found in soil; with little to no flavour interference	Expert Opin Drug Deliv, 2020, 17(3):407-421
S1403	Tigecycline Tigecycline is bacteriostatic and is a protein synthesis inhibitor by binding to the 30S ribosomal subunit of bacteria and thereby blocking entry of Aminoacyl-tRNA into the A site of the ribosome during prokaryotic translation.	Sci Rep, 2018, 8(1):11747 BMC Infect Dis, 2017, 17(1):197 J Clin Invest, 2016, 3;126(10):3739-3757	CHX blocked Pim-1 AUG isoform translocation from the cytosol to mitochondria and led to reduced pBADS112. Cox-2 was examined to assess the effect of tigecycline on mitochondrial translation. Cy-Cox-2: cytoplasmic Cox-2; Mt-Cox-2: mitochondrial Cox-2.
S1878	Ganciclovir Ganciclovir is an antiviral drug for feline herpesvirus type-1 with IC50 of 5.2 μM in a cell-free assay.	Mol Cancer Ther, 2020, 19(3):966-971 PLoS One, 2019, 14(6):e0218471 Cell Stem Cell, 2017, 20(3):407-414.e4	Effect of ganciclovir on viral DNA accumulation (A,B) and induction of TGF-β1 production after human cytomegalovirus infection in human trabecular meshwork cells (C). Cells were harvested at 5 day post-infection at a high multiplicity of infection (MOI 1) under the treatment with different concentrations of ganciclovir (GAN). Treatment with 10 μmol of ganciclovir significantly decreased the viral DNA accumulation (p < 0.001) (A,B). However, treatment with ganciclovir did not affect the TGF-β production using a TGF-β1 luciferase bioassay. Results are expressed as the mean +/− standard deviation of three different experiments.
S2504	Ribavirin Ribavirin, a synthetic guanosine analogue, possesses a broad spectrum of activity against DNA and RNA viruses.	Toxicology, 2020, 15;435:152422 bioRxiv, 2020, 2020/9/20.4.7.30734 PLoS Negl Trop Dis, 2019, 13(7):e0007595	(E) Left panel, Western blot showed that 20 μM Ribavirin effectively inhibits elevated Sox2 expression in irradiated SW1990 cells. Right panel, qPCR analysis showed that Sox2 mRNA level in irradiated SW1990 cells at 48 hours was lower than that in non-irradiated SW1990 cells, *p < 0.05. (F) Left panel, Western blot showed 20 μM Ribavirin inhibits elevated Sox2 expression in irradiated BxPc-3 cells. Right panel, qPCR analysis showed that there is no significant fluctuation of Sox2 mRNA in irradiated BxPc-3 cells and Ribavirin did not influence sox2 mRNA level in irradiated BxPc-3 cells.
S1807	Aciclovir Aciclovir is a synthetic nucleoside analogue active against herpesviruses.	Sci Adv, 2019, 5(8):eaax0780 Nat Immunol, 2019, 20(12):1681-1691 Oncol Rep, 2017, 37(4):2109-2120	(A) HONE1 and (B) HK1-EBV cells were treated with TPA (40 ng/ml) and SB (3 mM) for EBV induction. After 3 h, uninduced and induced HONE1 and HK1-EBV cells were treated with the vehicle control (0.006% DMSO) or indicated concentrations of berberine for 48 h. Subsequently, the culture medium was harvested for quantitative-PCR analysis with EBNA1 primers. Each sample was normalized to the amount of the GAPDH gene; *p<0.05, compared with the control group.
S1374	Doripenem Hydrate Doripenem Hydrate is an ultra-broad-spectrum injectable antibiotic, used to treat complicated intra-abdominal infections and complicated urinary tract infections.	ACS Chem Biol, 2018, 13(8):2020-2026
S1381	Meropenem Meropenem is an ultra-broad spectrum injectable antibiotic.
S1162	Pretomanid (PA-824) PA-824 is an anti-tuberculosis drug for tuberculosis with MIC less than 2.8 μM.Phase 2.
S1934	Nystatin (Fungicidin) Nystatin, which belongs to the polyene group of antimycotics, is frequently used as a topical agent in the treatment of oro-pharyngeal candidosis.	Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Res, 2020, 1867(5):118676 Fish Shellfish Immunol, 2019, 84:138-147 International Journal of Peptide Research and Therapeutics, 2015, 10.1007/s10989-014-9440-x
S1741	Rifabutin Rifabutin is a semisynthetic ansamycin antibiotic, used in the treatment of Mycobacterium avium intracellulare (MAI) and tuberculosis.	Antibiotics (Basel), 2020, 9(2)
S1370	Biapenem Biapenem is a carbapenem antibiotic with activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains.
S1351	Ivermectin Ivermectin is a glutamate-gated chloride channel (GluCls) activator, used as a broad-spectrum antiparasitic drug.	J Cell Mol Med, 2020, 24(9):5387-5401 Cureus, 2020, 12(1):e6714 Cell Death Dis, 2019, 10(2):118
S1371	Cefoselis Sulfate Cefoselis is a widely used beta-lactam antibiotic.
S2159	Tebipenem Pivoxil Tebipenem pivoxil is an oral carbapenem antibiotic, use to treat otolaryngologic and respiratory infections.
S1636	Amphotericin B Amphotericin B (AmB) is an amphipathic polyene antibiotic which permeabilizes ergosterol-containing membranes.	J Antimicrob Chemother, 2019, 74(10):2950-2958 J Antimicrob Chemother, 2019, 74(10):2943-2949 Sci Rep, 2019, 9(1):9482
S1282	Artemisinin Artemisinin is a sesquiterpene endoperoxide which is a potent antimalarial agent.	Antiviral Res, 2020, 29:104810 Biomed Pharmacother, 2019, 117:109181
S1399	Teicoplanin Teicoplanin is a glycopeptide antibiotic, used to treat serious infections caused by Gram-positive bacteria.	Clin Exp Dent Res, 2016, 2(1):35-43
S2468	Fenbendazole Fenbendazole is a broad spectrum benzimidazole anthelmintic used against gastrointestinal parasites with an IC50 of about 0.01 μg/mL.
S1505	Aztreonam Aztreonam is a synthetic monocyclic beta-lactam antibiotic, used to treat Gram-negative aerobic bacteria infection.	Expert Opinion on Orphan Drugs, 2013, 1(7):549-556
S1725	Terbinafine Terbinafine is used to treat infections caused by a fungus. It works by killing the fungus or preventing its growth.	J Cell Mol Med, 2020, 25 Eur J Pharm Sci, 2019, 136:104945 BMC Microbiol, 2018, 18(1):203
S2510	Spectinomycin 2HCl Spectinomycin 2HCl is a new parenteral antibiotic prepared from Streptomyces spectabilis.
S1768	Cefditoren Pivoxil Cefditoren Pivoxil is a broad-spectrum antibiotic against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria.
S1450	Nanchangmycin Nanchangmycin is a polyether antibiotic with similar structure to dianemycin and is very active against a broad spectrum of harmful nematodes and insects but not for mammals and plants.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother, 2020, 1;AAC.00289-20 J Virol, 2017, 91(23) Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess, 2015, 32(5):686-701
S1839	Chloroxine Chloroxine is a synthetic antibacterial compound that is effective in the treatment of dandruff and seborrheic dermatitis when incorporated in a shampoo.	Front Microbiol, 2020, 10:2936
S2264	Artemether Artemether is an antimalarial for the treatment of resistant strains of falciparum malaria.	Cancer Cell Int, 2020, 19;20:58 PLoS Negl Trop Dis, 2015, 9(3):e0003593	Schistosomicidal effects of PZQ, ART(Artemether) and OXA on 14-day schistosomula. Magnification of the in vitro-cultured schistosomula treated with PZQ, ART, and OXA at 10 μM. Drugs were added at day 14 and schistosomula were analyzed at day 21 (late treatment). 0.1% DMSO in medium (solvent of the drugs; used as negative control) had no effect on schistosomula development.
S1666	Flucytosine Flucytosine (5-Fluorocytosine, 5-FC) is an antifungal drug with IC50 of 0.93 μM in C. albicans.
S1998	D-Cycloserine D-cycloserine is an analog of the amino acid D-alanine, used as an antibiotic in the treatment of tuberculosis.
S2479	Lincomycin HCl Lincomycin hydrochloride(Lincocin) is the monohydrated salt of lincomycin, a substance produced by the growth of a member of the lincolnensis group of Streptomyces lincolnensis.	Cancer Cell Int, 2020, 19;20:58 Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 2016, 113(50):14408-14413
S1605	Cefdinir Cefdinir is an oral cephalosporin antibiotic, used to treat bacterial infections in many different parts of the body.
S3073	Caspofungin Acetate Caspofungin acetate is an lipopeptide antifungal β-1,3-glucan synthase inhibitor.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother, 2020, 64(2) Biotechnol Adv, 2019, 37(6):107352 J Antimicrob Chemother, 2019, 74(10):2950-2958
S2528	Ciclopirox Ciclopirox is a broad-spectrum antifungal agent working as an iron chelator.
S2152	Sitafloxacin Hydrate Sitafloxacin Hydrate is a new-generation, broad-spectrum oral fluoroquinolone antibiotic.	Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg, 2018, 10.1093/icvts/ivy209 mSphere, 2018, 3(5)
S1502	Cephalexin Cephalexin is an antibiotic that can treat a number of bacterial infections.	Clin Cancer Res, 2018, 24(3):659-673 Theranostics, 2017, 7(7):2092-2107 Blood Cancer J, 2017, 10.1038/bcj.2017.61
S1835	Azithromycin Azithromycin is an antibiotic by inhibiting protein synthesis, used for the treatment of bacterial infections.	Cancer Cell Int, 2020, 19;20:58 Clin Transl Med, 2020, 9(1):22 mBio, 2018, 9(5)
S1773	Oxytetracycline (Terramycin) Oxytetracycline is a broad-spectrum tetracycline antibiotic, used to treat infections with bacteria.	Sci Rep, 2018, 8(1):7653 Front Microbiol, 2016, 7: 1765	Effect of FDA approved drugs on EBOV transfected donor and recipient immune cells. (A) Varying concentrations of Cambinol and Esomepraole (1 nM, 1 μM, 10 μM), Oxytetracycline (1 nM, 10 nM, 10 μM), and DMSO (0.00001, 0.0001, 0.001%) treatments were administered to VP40-transfected 293T cells, followed by incubation for 3 days. Supernatant was centrifuged to remove cellular material and subsequently incubated for 72 h at 4°C with 20 μL of 30% slurry of NT80/82 beads. The NT pellet was washed twice with PBS and resuspended in SDS Laemmli buffer, followed by Western blot analysis for levels of exosomal markers CD63 and Alix. Actin levels were also analyzed. Mid-log phase EVTR2C cells (containing VP40) were treated with either low (0.1 μM), medium (1 μM), or high (10 μM) concentrations of Oxytetracycline and incubated for 5 days along with untreated 293T cells. Cell-free supernatants were harvested, filtered, and used to treat CEM (B), Jurkat (C), and U937 (D) cells. Cells were incubated for 5 days and assayed with CellTiter-Glo for viability. Statistical significance was determined using two-tailed student’s t-test with all groups compared to the untreated 293T cell control groups. RLU, Relative Luminescent Units. ∗p < 0.05, ∗∗∗p < 0.001.
S1637	Docosanol Docosanol is a saturated fatty alcoholused traditionally as an emollient, emulsifier, and thickener in cosmetics, nutritional supplement. (ED50=2.5 mg/mL for plaque inhibition, and ED50=1.7 mg/mL for inhibition of virus production)
S2535	Econazole nitrate Econazole Nitrate is a Ca2+ channel blocker, used as an antifungal medicine that fights infections caused by fungus.	Biomol Ther (Seoul), 2020, 25
S2568	Neomycin sulfate Neomycin sulfate is an aminoglycoside antibiotic, used to treat bacteria infections.	Mol Cell, 2020, 22 pii: S1097-2765(20)30231-8
S1777	Ethionamide Ethionamide is an antibiotic used in the treatment of tuberculosis.
S1635	Erythromycin Erythromycin is a macrolide antibiotic that has an antimicrobial spectrum similar to or slightly wider than that of penicillin (IC50=1.5 μg/ml).	J Med Chem, 2018, 61(9):4189-4202
S2420	Aloperine Aloperine is an isolated alkaloid in sophora plants such as Sophora alopecuroides L, and exhibits anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antiviral, and anti-tumor properties.	J Cancer Res Clin Oncol, 2020, 10.1007/s00432-020-03157-2 PeerJ, 2019, 7:e7652 Onco Targets Ther, 2018, 11:2735-2743
S4226	Minocycline HCl Minocycline HCl is the most lipid soluble and most active tetracycline antibiotic, binds to the 30S ribosomal subunit, preventing the binding of tRNA to the mRNA-ribosome complex and interfering with protein synthesis.	J Neurosci, 2020, 40(2):297-310 Antimicrob Agents Chemother, 2020, 6 pii: AAC Neuropharmacology, 2020, 11:108132
S2486	Moroxydine HCl Moroxydine HCl is a synthetic antiviral compound chemically belonging to the series of the heterocyclic biguanidines.	Cancer Cell Int, 2020, 19;20:58
S1644	Nitrofural Nitrofural is a topical anti-infective agent with an IC50 of 22.83 ± 1.2 μM. (Rat LD50 = 590 mg/kg)
S3079	Atovaquone Atovaquone is a medication used to treat or prevent for pneumocystis pneumonia, toxoplasmosis, malaria, and babesia.	Sci Transl Med, 2015, 7(290):290ra89
S4050	Valganciclovir HCl Valganciclovir HCl is a prodrug for ganciclovir with antiviral activity used to treat cytomegalovirus infections.	Transl Res, 2016, 177:113-126
S4052	Netilmicin Sulfate Netilmicin Sulfate is a member of the aminoglycoside family of antibiotics.	J Cancer Res Clin Oncol, 2019, 145(6):1495-1507
S4082	Spiramycin Spiramycin is a 16-membered ring macrolide (antibiotic).	Chemistry, 2020, 10.1002/chem.201905599
S2565	Amoxicillin Sodium Amoxicillin Sodium is a moderate- spectrum, bacteriolytic, β-lactam antibiotic.	Toxicol Appl Pharmacol, 2015, 285(1):51-60
S2544	Cefprozil hydrate Cefprozil hydrate is a semi-synthetic broad-spectrum cephalosporin antibiotic, used to treat certain infections caused by bacteria, such as bronchitis and infections of the ears, throat, sinuses, and skin.
S2563	Oxacillin sodium monohydrate Oxacillin sodium monohydrate is an antibacterial agent and is a narrow spectrum beta-lactam antibiotic of the penicillin class.
S3129	Trimethoprim Trimethoprim is a bacteriostatic antibiotic mainly used in the prophylaxis and treatment of urinary tract infections.
S2028	Diclazuril Diclazuril is an anti-coccidial drug.
S3161	Sertaconazole nitrate Sertaconazole nitrate is a topical broad-spectrum antifungal that is developed to provide an additional agent for the treatment of superficial cutaneous and mucosal infections.
S1499	Cefaclor Cefaclor is a cephalosporin antibiotic.
S1915	Sulfamethoxazole Sulfamethoxazole is a sulfonamide bacteriostatic antibiotic with an IC50 of 2.7 μM.
S2120	Arbidol HCl Arbidol HCl is a broad-spectrum antiviral compound that blocks viral fusion, used in treatment of influenza and other respiratory viral infections.
S2467	Famciclovir Famciclovir is a guanine analogue antiviral drug used for the treatment of various herpesvirus infections.	Cancer Cell Int, 2020, 19;20:58
S2031	Fenticonazole Nitrate Fenticonazole Nitrate is an azole antifungal agent.
S2574	Tetracycline HCl Tetracycline HCl is a hydrochloride salt of tetracycline that is a broad-spectrum polyketide antibiotic.	PLoS Pathog, 2020, 16;16(3):e1008341 Sci Rep, 2018, 8(1):7653
S2575	Vancomycin HCl Vancomycin HCl is a hydrochloride of vancomycin that is a narrow-spectrum glycopeptide antibacterial agent.
S1851	Oxibendazole Oxibendazole is a benzimidazole drug that interferes with metabolic pathways, used to protect against roundworms, strongyles, threadworms, pinworms and lungworm infestations in horses and some domestic pets.	Oncol Lett, 2018, 15(2):2218-2226
S2501	Pyrantel Pamoate Pyrantel pamoate, a broad-spectrum anthelmintic drug, is used to treat a number of parasitic worm infections.
S4030	Gentamicin Sulfate Gentamycin Sulfate is a broad-spectrum, aminoglycoside antibiotic used for cell culture which inhibits protein synthesis in sensitive organisms.
S2514	Tobramycin Tobramycin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic with an IC50 of 9.7 μM.
S1762	Pyrazinamide Pyrazinamide is an agent used to treat tuberculosis.
S1676	Amorolfine HCl Amorolfine HCl is an antifungal reagent.	Cell Chem Biol, 2019, 26(4):593-599 Nature, 2018, 560(7718):372-376	b, GC–MS-based quantification of three metabolite levels in human glioma cells (GBM528) treated for 24 h with the indicated small molecules at the following concentrations: tamoxifen, 100 nM; clemastine, 2 μM; ifenprodil, 2 μM; ketoconazole, 2.5 μM; amorolfine, 100 nM. Left, lanosterol; centre, zymostenol; right, 14-dehydrozymostenol. n = 2 wells per condition.
S4075	Zinc Pyrithione Zinc pyrithione is an antifungal and antibacterial agent disrupting membrane transport by blocking the proton pump.	Biol Reprod, 2019, 100(2):468-478 Cell Syst, 2017, 4(6-:600-610
S2530	7-Aminocephalosporanic acid 7-Aminocephalosporanic acid is used for synthesis of cephalosporin antibiotics and intermediates.
S2536	Miconazole Miconazole (Monistat) is an imidazole antifungal agent.	Biomol Ther (Seoul), 2020, 25
S2543	Ceftiofur HCl Ceftiofur HCl is a cephalosporin antibiotic, used to treat both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria infection.
S1691	Praziquantel Praziquantel is an anthelmintic effective against flatworms.	PLoS Negl Trop Dis, 2015, 9(3):e0003593	Schistosomicidal effects of PZQ, ART and OXA on 14-day-schistosomula. Magnification of the in vitro-cultured schistosomula treated with PZQ, ART, and OXA at 10 μM. Drugs were added at day 14 and schistosomula were analyzed at day 21 (late treatment). 0.1% DMSO in medium (solvent of the drugs; used as negative control) had no effect on schistosomula development.
S4237	Primaquine Diphosphate Primaquine Diphosphate is a transmission-blocking anti-malarial clinically available, displaying a marked activity against gametocytes of all species of human malaria.	Cell Syst, 2019, 8(2):97-108
S1964	Rimantadine Rimantadine (Flumadine) is an anti-influenza virus drug for T. brucei with IC50 of 7 μM.	J Virol Methods, 2019, 274:113714
S1883	Idoxuridine Idoxuridine is an antiviral agent for feline herpesvirus type-1 with IC50 of 4.3 μM.
S3162	Tylosin tartrate Tylosin tartrate is a macrolide antibiotic approved for the control of mycoplasmosis in poultry.
S1916	Sulfisoxazole Sulfisoxazole is a sulfonamide antibacterial with an oxazole substituent.
S1770	Sulfadiazine Sulfadiazine is a sulfonamide antibiotic.
S3195	Azlocillin sodium salt Azlocillin is an acylampicillin with a broad spectrum against bacteria.
S4004	Ethambutol 2HCl Ethambutol is a bacteriostatic antimycobacterial agent, which obstructs the formation of cell wall by inhibiting arabinosyl transferases.	Molecules, 2019, 25(1)
S2469	Fleroxacin Fleroxacin is a new broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone.
S2551	Sulbactam sodium Sulbactam sodium (Unasyn) is an irreversible β-lactamase inhibitor.
S3116	Sulfathiazole Sulfathiazole is an organosulfur compound that has been used as a short-acting sulfa drug.
S1910	Tioconazole Tioconazole is an antifungal medication with an average IC50 of 1.7 μM.	Chem Biol Drug Des, 2016, 10.1111/cbdd.12872
S2506	Roxithromycin Roxithromycin is a semi-synthetic macrolide antibiotic. It is used to treat respiratory tract, urinary and soft tissue infections.	Chemistry, 2020, 10.1002/chem.201905599 J Med Chem, 2018, 61(9):4189-4202
S2048	Clindamycin Phosphate Clindamycin Phosphate is a lincosamide antibiotic for Plasmodium falciparum with IC50 of 12 nM.
S3055	Besifloxacin HCl Besifloxacin HCl is a fourth-generation fluoroquinolone antibiotic.
S4120	Sulconazole Nitrate Sulconazole Nitrate is an imidazole derivative with broad-spectrum antifungal activity.
S2511	Sulfadoxine Sulfadoxine is an ultra-long-lasting sulfonamide with an IC50 of 249 μg/ml for P. vivax.
S3067	Chlorhexidine 2HCl Chlorhexidine hydrochloride is an antiseptic effective against a wide variety of gram-negative and gram-positive organisms.
S3059	Enrofloxacin Enrofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic.
S4141	Dinitolmide Dinitolmide is a broad-spectrum anticoccidial drug.
S1977	Sarafloxacin HCl Sarafloxacin HCl is a hydrochloride salt form of sarafloxacin which is a quinolone antibiotic drug with IC50 of 0.96 μg/L.
S4146	Bacitracin Bacitracin is a mixture of related cyclic polypeptides produced by organisms of the licheniformis group of Bacillus subtilis var Tracy, which disrupts both gram positive and gram negative bacteria by interfering with cell wall and peptidoglycan synthesis.	Chem Res Toxicol, 2017, 30(10):1804-1814
S4147	Azithromycin Dihydrate Azithromycin Dihydrate is an acid stable orally administered macrolide antimicrobial drug, structurally related to erythromycin.
S4044	Toltrazuril Toltrazuril is an antiprotozoal agent that acts upon Coccidia parasites.
S4254	Apramycin Sulfate Apramycin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic, which binds to the deep groove of the RNA.
S4056	Retapamulin Retapamulin is a topical antibiotic, which binds to both E. coli and S. aureus ribosomes with similar potencies with K_d of 3 nM.
S3015	Amoxicillin Amoxicillin is a moderate-spectrum, bacteriolytic, β-lactam antibiotic used to treat bacterial infections caused by susceptible microorganisms.	Toxicol Appl Pharmacol, 2015, 285(1):51-60
S4184	Penciclovir Penciclovir is a purine acyclic nucleoside analogue with potent antiviral activity.	Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 2020, 14;202002392 bioRxiv, 2020, 2020/9/20.4.7.30734
S4191	Betamipron Betamipron is a chemical compound which is used together with panipenem to inhibit panipenem uptake into the renal tubule and prevent nephrotoxicity.
S1957	Sulfamethizole Sulfamethizole is a sulfathiazole antibacterial agent.
S2537	Secnidazole Secnidazole (Flagentyl) is a nitroimidazole anti-infective.
S4195	Broxyquinoline Broxyquinoline is an antiprotozoal agent and able to release oxygen free radicals from the water in mucous membranes.
S4196	Ethacridine lactate monohydrate Ethacridine lactate monohydrate is an aromatic organic compound based on acridine used as an antiseptic agent.	Carcinogenesis, 2014, 35(12):2822-30
S4093	Bismuth Subcitrate Potassium Bismuth Subcitrate is an antibiotic used to treat stomach ulcers associated with Helicobacter pylori, a bacterial infection.
S4094	Tetramisole HCl Tetramisole is a mixture of dextro- and levo isomers used as an anthelmintic.
S2539	Lomefloxacin HCl Lomefloxacin HCl is a hydrochloride salt of lomefloxacin and is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic.	Front Microbiol, 2020, 10:2936
S2612	Ribitol Ribitol is a crystalline pentose alcohol and is formed by the reduction of ribose which is occurs naturally in the plant Adonis vernalis.
S3122	Amikacin hydrate Amikacin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic used to treat different types of bacterial infections.	Molecules, 2019, 25(1)
S3105	Nadifloxacin Nadifloxacin is a topical fluoroquinolone antibiotic for the treatment of acne vulgaris.
S4234	Capreomycin Sulfate Capreomycin Sulfate is a cyclic peptide antibiotic and thought to inhibit protein synthesis by binding to the 70S ribosomal unit.	Mol Cell Proteomics, 2019, 18(2):231-244
S3133	Sulfamethazine Sulfamethazine is a sulfonamide antibacterial.
S1855	Pefloxacin Mesylate Pefloxacin Mesylate is a synthetic chemotherapeutic agent and an antibacterial agent with IC50 of 6.7 nM.	J Biol Chem, 2019, 294(49):18624-18638
S3154	Butenafine HCl Butenafine HCl is a synthetic benzylamine antifungal, works by inhibiting the synthesis of sterols by inhibiting squalene epoxidase.
S3156	Naftifine HCl Naftifine is an allylamine antifungal drug for the topical treatment of tinea pedis, tinea cruris, and tinea corporis, probably involves selectively blocking sterol biosynthesis via inhibition of the squalene 2,3-epoxidase enzyme.
S1833	Butoconazole nitrate Butoconazole nitrate is an anti-fungal agent that inhibits PHA-stimulated release of cytokines-- IL-2, TNFα, IFN and GM-CSF from human peripheral blood lymphocytes (IC50 of 7.2 μg/mL, 14.4 μg/mL, 7.36 μg/mL and 7.6 μg/mL, respectively).
S3179	Carbenicillin disodium Carbenicillin is a semi-synthetic penicillin antibiotic which interferes with cell wall synthesis of gram-negative bacteria while displaying low toxicity.
S3193	Ticarcillin sodium Ticarcillin is a semisynthetic antibiotic with a broad spectrum of bactericidal activity against many gram-positive and gram-negative aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
S1881	Protionamide Protionamide is a drug used in the treatment of tuberculosis.
S1830	Oxfendazole Oxfendazole is a broad spectrum benzimidazole anthelmintic.	Mol Med Rep, 2019, 19(4):2921-2926
S4726	Lauric Acid Lauric Acid is a saturated medium-chain fatty acid with a 12-carbon backbone. Lauric acid is found naturally in various plant and animal fats and oils, and is a major component of coconut oil and palm kernel oil.
S5227	Erythromycin thiocyanate Erythromycin is a macrolide antibiotic that inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by binding to bacterial 50S ribosomal subunits and inhibits peptidyl transferase activity and interferes with translocation of amino acids during translation and assembly of proteins.
S3941	Pinocembrin Pinocembrin is a major flavonoid molecule incorporated as multifunctional in the pharmaceutical industry. Its vast range of pharmacological activities has been well researched including antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer activities.
S5352	Cefminox Sodium Cefminox Sodium is the sodium salt form of cefminox, a semi-synthetic, second-generation, beta-lactamase-stable cephalosporin with antibacterial activity.
S6235	Sodium dehydroacetate Sodium dehydroacetate is the sodium salt of dehydroacetic acid, a fungicide and bactericide that is commonly used as a food preservative. Sodium dehydroacetate is a preservative that is used in the formulation of cosmetics and personal care products in order to extend the shelf-life by preventing microbial contamination.
S3621	Pazufloxacin mesylate Pazufloxacin Mesylate, also known as Pazucross and T-3762, is a quinolone antibacterial agent used for the intravenous therapy of several infections.
S5560	Midecamycin Midecamycin is a naturally occuring macrolide antibiotic that acts by inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis.
S3999	α-santonin α-santonin, a naturally occurring sesquiterpene lactone, is a potent antiparasitic agent.
S5406	Sultamicillin Tosylate Sultamicillin Tosylate is the tosylate salt of the double ester of sulbactam plus ampicillin. Sulbactam is a semisynthetic beta-lactamase inhibitor which, in combination with ampicillin, extends the antibacterial activity of the latter to include some beta-lactamase-producing strains of bacteria that would otherwise be resistant.
S5048	Fosfomycin Disodium Fosfomycin is a bactericidal, low-molecular weight, broad-spectrum antibiotic, with putative activity against several bacteria, including multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria, by irreversibly inhibiting an early stage in cell wall synthesis.
S9200	Pneumocandin B0 Pneumocandin B0 is a natural product and a key intermediate in the synthesis of the antifungal agent.
S5051	Pipemidic acid Pipemidic acid is a pyridopyrimidine antibiotic derivative of piromidic acid with activity against gram-negative and some gram-positive bacteria.
S5328	Gamithromycin Gamithromycin is a new macrolide antibiotic that is only registered for use in cattle to treat respiratory disorders such as bovine respiratory disease.
S4576	Sulfabenzamide Sulfabenzamide is an antibacterial/antimicrobial which also exhibit their antitumor effects through multiple mechanisms including inhibition of membrane bound carbonic anhydrases, prevention of microtubule assembly, cell cycle arrest, and inhibition of angiogenesis.
S5353	Cefpiramide sodium Cefpiramide sodium (CPMS) is an anionic β-lactam antibiotic. It exhibits antibacterial activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, in particular, to Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which can result in achronic life-threatening infection in the lungs of cystic fibrosis patients.
S4848	Dalbavancin Dalbavancin is a lipoglycopeptide antibiotic that has bactericidal activity against Gram-positive bacteria including various staphylococci.
S5081	Ceforanide Ceforanide is a new cephalosporin with antibacterial activity and has a longer elimination half-life than any currently available cephalosporin.
S5951	Cefoxitin Cefoxitin is a beta-lactam, second-generation cephalosporin antibiotic with bactericidal activity.
S5035	6-Aminopenicillanic acid 6-Aminopenicillanic acid (6-APA) is the central component of penicillin β-lactam antibiotics which are generated by Penicillium. It is used as precursor for antibiotic compounds ampicillin and amoxicillin.
S5356	Ceftiofur Ceftiofur is a semisynthetic, beta-lactamase-stable, broad-spectrum cephalosporin with antibacterial activity.	Vet J, 2018, 234:24-26
S9564	p-Hydroxy-cinnamic Acid
S4581	Triacetin Triacetin is a triglyceride that is used as an antifungal agent.
S5012	Octenidine Dihydrochloride Octenidine, a cationic surfactant, is active against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.
S5411	Sultamicillin Sultamicillin is a newly developed antibiotic in which ampicillin and the β-lactamase inhibitor sulbactam are linked as an ester.
S2583	Thiamphenicol Thiamphenicol is an antimicrobial antibiotic and a methyl-sulfonyl analogue of chloramphenicol.
S3741	Benznidazole Benznidazole is a nitroimidazole derivative having an antiprotozoal activity by interfering with parasite protein biosynthesis, influencing cytokines production and stimulating host phagocytosis.
S5213	Piroctone Olamine Piroctone Olamine is a wide spectrum antibacterial and antifungal agent used in the treatment of dandruff,fungal infections.
S3623	Ceftibuten dihydrate Ceftibuten Dihydrate is the dihydrate form of ceftibuten, a semisynthetic, beta-lactamase-stable, third-generation cephalosporin with antibacterial activity.
S6288	Chlorhexidine diacetate Chlorhexidine diacetate is a disinfectant and topical anti-infective agent used also as mouthwash to prevent oral plaque.
S4850	Flucloxacillin sodium Flucloxacillin sodium is the sodium salt of flucloxacillin, a penicillin antibiotic used to treat bacterial infections.
S5553	Kasugamycin hydrochloride Kasugamycin is an aminoglycosidic antibiotic isolated from Streptomyces kasugaensis, showing broad-spectrum anti-fungal activity against yeast and various fungus species.
S9224	Dehydroandrographolide Succinate Dehydroandrographolide succinate (DAS), extracted from herbal medicine Andrographis paniculata (Burm f) Nees, has antibacterial and antiviral effects.
S5944	Butenafine Butenafine is a synthetic benzylamine antifungal agent.
S4846	Meropenem Trihydrate Meropenem is a broad-spectrum antibacterial agent of the carbapenem family with a broad spectrum of in vitro activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens.
S5533	Tobramycin sulfate Tobramycin sulfate is the sulfate salt of tobramycin, an aminoglycoside antibiotic derived from the bacterium Streptomyces tenebrarius with bactericidal activity.
S9226	Steviolbioside Steviolbioside, a natural sweetener, exhibits moderate antituberculosis activity against M. tuberculosis strain H37RV in vitro.
S4594	Cephalothin Cephalothin is a semisynthetic, beta-lactam, first-generation cephalosporin antibiotic with bactericidal activity. Cephalothin binds to and inactivates penicillin-binding proteins (PBP) located on the inner membrane of the bacterial cell wall.
S4865	Cefetamet pivoxil hydrochloride Cefetamet pivoxil hydrochloride is the hydrochloride salt form of cefetamet pivoxil, which is an oral third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic.
S5359	Butoconazole Butoconazole is an imidazole antifungal used in gynecology.	Nature, 2018, 560(7718):372-376	Percentage of MBP+ oligodendrocytes generated from OPCs following treatment with azoles (c). n ≥ 4 wells per condition.
S5941	Besifloxacin Besifloxacin is a fourth generation fluoroquinolone-type opthalmic antibiotic for the treatment of bacterial conjunctivitis.
S4866	Nicarbazin Nicarbazin, an effective anticoccidial, is also a wide-spectrum anti-parasitic drug.
S5366	Fipronil Fipronil is a recalcitrant phenylpyrazole-based pesticide used for flea/tick treatment and termite control that is distributed in urban aquatic environments via stormwater and contributes to stream toxicity.
S9094	Pogostone Pogostone is one of the secondary metabolites from Pogostemon cablin (Blanco) Benth. (Lamiaceae), serving as the effective component of the antimicrobial activity.
S4420	Mefloquine HCl Mefloquine HCl is a blood schizonticide by inhibiting hemozoin formation, used as an antimalarial drug.	bioRxiv, 2020, 2020/9/20.4.7.30734 Int J Parasitol Drugs Drug Resist, 2018, 8(2):331-340 PLoS Negl Trop Dis, 2017, 11(9):e0005942	BALB/c mice, orally infected with E. multilocularis eggs, were treated by either mefloquine (100 mg/kg twice per week, n = 9), ABZ (200 mg/kg, 5 times per week, n = 8) or control-treated (placebo, n = 9). After 12 weeks of treatment, parasite lesion numbers in the liver were assessed microscopically (A).
S3966	Nifuratel Nifuratel is a nitrofuran derivative with local antiprotozoal and antifungal activity and a broad spectrum of antibacterial action.
S4880	Cefathiamidine Cefathiamidine is the first generation of cephalosporin antibacterial used for the treatment of respiratory, liver, five senses, urinary tract infections, endocarditis and sepsis.
S5531	Doripenem Doripenem is a new parenteral carbapenem antibiotic with broad-spectrum activity against gram-negative and gram-positive pathogens.	Biomed Chromatogr, 2017, 31(5)
S9158	Atractylon Atractylon, the sesquiterpenoid oxide isolated from the rhizomes of Atractylodes japonica and its related plants (Compositae), shows significant antiviral activities for influenza A virus.
S3971	Fusidine Fusidine, isolated from Fusidium coccineum, is a steroidal antibiotic that inhibits protein synthesis.
S1617	Sulfapyridine Sulfapyridine is a sulfonamide antibacterial.
S5332	Cefquinome sulfate Cefquinome sulphate is a veterinary, parenteral, and fourth-generation cephalosporin. Its antimicrobial potency and extensive antibacterial spectrum result from the introduction of a methoxyimino-aminothiazolyl moiety into the acyl side chain.
S5278	Tedizolid (TR-700) Tedizolid is an oxazolidinone-class antibiotic prodrug used for the treatment of acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections caused by susceptible isolates of several Gram-positive bacteria.
S4029	Colistin Sulfate Colistin is a cyclic cationic decapeptide linked to a fatty acid side chain, it belongs to a group of similarly structured bacterial antimicrobial peptides.	Biogerontology, 2016, 17(5-6):907-920
S4122	Tilmicosin Tilmicosin is a macrolide antibiotic.
S2052	Oxytetracycline Dihydrate Oxytetracycline Dihydrate is a prescription antibiotic, interfering with the ability of bacteria to produce essential proteins.
S5532	Erythromycin estolate Erythromycin, a naturally occurring macrolide, is derived from Streptomyces erythrus. It inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by binding to bacterial 50S ribosomal subunits.
S5535	Moxifloxacin Moxifloxacin is an antibiotic used to treat a number of bacterial infections, active against Mycobacterium tuberculosis in vitro.	Transl Vis Sci Technol, 2018, 7(2):11 Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol, 2016, 9(4):e003655 Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 2015, 56(4):2234-42
S5684	Lapachol Lapachol, a natural compound isolated from the bark of the lapacho tree, shows both antimicrobial and antiviral activity.
S4876	Robenidine Hydrochoride Robenidine hydrochloride is an anticoccidial agent mainly for poultry.
S5625	Ammonium lactate Ammonium lactate is the ammonium salt of lactic acid with mild anti-bacterial properties.
S4869	Sulfamethoxazole sodium Sulfamethoxazole sodium is an antibiotic used for bacterial infections.
S5719	Ceftizoxime sodium Ceftizoxime sodium is a semisynthetic cephalosporin antibiotic that is highly resistant to a broad spectrum of beta-lactamases and is active against a wide range of both aerobic and anaerobic gram-positive and gram-negative organisms.
S2058	Tolnaftate Tolnaftate is a synthetic thiocarbamate used as an anti-fungal agent.	Cancer Cell Int, 2020, 19;20:58
S5054	Rifamycin sodium salt Rifamycin sodium is an antibacterial drug used for treatment of mycobacterium infections.
S4584	Butylparaben Butylparaben is a chemical compound commonly used as an antifungal preservative in cosmetic products.	Environ Toxicol, 2018, 33(4):436-445
S5207	Cephalexin Monohydrate Cephalexin is a semisynthetic cephalosporin antibiotic with antimicrobial activity.
S4585	Succinylsulfathiazole Succinylsulfathiazole, a sulfonamide, is an antibiotic.
S5491	Lomefloxacin Lomefloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic used to treat bacterial infections.
S4142	Clopidol Clopidol is an antiprotozoal agent.
S4592	Captisol (SBE-β-CD) Captisol (SBE-β-CD) is a novel, chemically modified cyclodextrin with a structure designed to optimize the solubility and stability of drugs.	Theranostics, 2019, 9(3):796-810 J Exp Clin Cancer Res, 2019, 38(1):264 Cell Death Dis, 2017, 8(5):e2776
S5331	Ceftezole sodium Ceftezole Sodium is the sodium salt form of ceftezole, a semi-synthetic first-generation cephalosporin with antibacterial activity.
S4595	Cefazolin Sodium Cefazolin Sodium is a semisynthetic cephalosporin analog with broad-spectrum antibiotic action due to inhibition of bacterial cell wall synthesis. It attains high serum levels and is excreted quickly via the urine.
S5333	Sulbenicillin Sodium Sulbenicillin Sodium is the sodium salt of sulbenicillin, which is a penicillin antibiotic.
S5936	Cefazolin Cefazolin is a semisynthetic cephalosporin analog with broad-spectrum antibiotic action due to inhibition of bacterial cell wall synthesis. It attains high serum levels and is excreted quickly via the urine.
S4145	Decoquinate Decoquinate is a coccidiostat.
S4596	Cefixime Cefixime is an antibiotic useful for the treatment of a number of bacterial infections. It is a third generation cephalosporin.
S5700	Phthalylsulfathiazole Phthalylsulfathiazole is a broad-spectrum antimicrobial that can treat different types of infections including intestinal.
S6118	Terpinen-4-ol Terpinen-4-ol, a naturally occurring monoterpene, is the main bioactive component of tea-tree oil and has been shown to have many biological activities such as antifungal properties.
S4148	Ampicillin Trihydrate Ampicillin Trihydrate is a β-lactam antibiotic, which inhibits bacterial cell-wall synthesis (peptidoglycan cross-linking) by inactivating transpeptidases on the inner surface of the bacterial cell membrane.	Bone Joint Res, 2020, 16;9(4):152-161
S4996	Tavaborole (AN-2690) Tavaborole (AN-2690) is a boron-containing small molecule with broad spectrum antifungal activity.
S2259	Aloe-emodin Aloe-emodin is an interferon-inducing agent with IC50 of about 1 μg/mL for JEV and of about 0.33 μg/mL for EV71.	PLoS One, 2019, 14(4):e0215664 J Tradit Complement Med, 2015, 5(2):96-9	Flow cytometry result. Promastigotes were stained with Annexin V and propidium iodide 48 hours after treatment with aloe-emodin
S4041	Olsalazine Sodium Olsalazine Sodium is an anti-inflammatory prodrug, which consists of two 5-ASA moieties linked by an azo bond.	Oncotarget, 2017, 8(1):228-237	Values represent the average scores for each group ± S.E. (N = 10 per group). The differences between individual experimental groups and 17 days DSS only group were statistically significant (p < 0.05) for all groups.
S4150	Orbifloxacin Orbifloxacin is a synthetic broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone antibiotic.
S4620	Cefuroxime sodium Cefuroxime Sodium is a cephalosporin effective against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria with resistance to β-lactamase.
S4875	Cephapirin Benzathine Cephapirin Benzathine is the benzathine salt form of cephapirin, which is a semisynthetic, broad-spectrum, first-generation cephalosporin with antibacterial activity.
S6136	(±)-α-Bisabolol α-bisabolol is a small, plant-derived, oily sesquiterpene alcohol with some anti-inflammatory and even anti-microbial properties.
S4885	Taurolidine Taurolidine is a synthetic broad-spectrum antibiotic with antibacterial, anticoagulant and potential antiangiogenic activities.
S5757	Isoeugenol Isoeugenol, an essential oil constituent of nutmeg, clove, and cinnamon, shows antimicrobial activity.
S4250	Sulfamethoxypyridazine Sulfamethoxypyridazine is a long-acting sulfonamide for treatment of Dermatitis herpetiformis.
S9278	Saikosaponin C Saikosaponin C is a triterpene saponin found in Bupleurum that exhibits antiviral and pro-angiogenic activities.
S5397	Chlorhexidine Chlorhexidine is a disinfectant and topical anti-infective agent that is active against Gram-positive and Gram-negative organisms, facultative anaerobes, aerobes, and yeasts.
S4156	Chlortetracycline HCl Chlortetracycline HCl is the first identified tetracycline antibiotic.
S4158	Ceftriaxone disodium salt hemi(heptahydrate) Ceftriaxone disodium salt hemi(heptahydrate) is a third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic.
S6173	Amylmetacresol Amylmetacresol is an antiseptic used to treat infections of the mouth and throat.
S6185	Arachidonic acid Arachidonic acid is an unsaturated, essential fatty acid found in animal and human fat as well as in the liver, brain, and glandular organs. It is a precursor in the biosynthesis of prostaglandins, thromboxanes, and leukotrienes.
S4160	Penicillin G Sodium Penicillin G Sodium is a β-lactam antibiotic produced by Penicillin spp.
S2271	Berberine chloride Berberine chloride is a quaternary ammonium salt from the group of isoquinoline alkaloids.	Oncol Rep, 2018, 40(3):1525-1532 Shandong University, 2014, Haoran Cui
S4942	4-Hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxybenzyl alcohol 4-Hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxybenzyl alcohol, also known as Syringic alcohol, is a kind of phenol with antiviral properties.
S5492	Econazole Econazole is a broad spectrum antimycotic with some action against Gram positive bacteria.	Am J Cancer Res, 2020, 10(1):263-274 Biomol Ther (Seoul), 2020, 25
S4874	Cefazedone Cefazedone is a semisynthetic first-generation cephalosporin with antibacterial activity.
S2282	Cinchonidine Cinchonidine is an alkaloid used in asymmetric synthesis in organic chemistry.
S5475	Novaluron Novaluron belongs to the class of insecticides called insect growth regulators with pesticide properties.
S9292	Dictamnine Dictamnine, a natural plant product, has been reported to have antimicrobial activity against bacteria and fungi.
S5296	Cephradine monohydrate Cefradine is a beta-lactam, first-generation cephalosporin antibiotic with bactericidal activity.
S5290	Ormetoprim Ormetoprim (OMP) is an antibiotic to prevent the spread of disease in freshwater aquaculture.
S5487	Cefoperazone sodium Cefoperazone Sodium is the sodium salt form of cefoperazone, which is a semi-synthetic, broad-spectrum, beta-lactamase resistant antibiotic with bactericidal activity.
S4610	Mebendazole Mebendazole is a synthetic benzimidazole derivate and anthelmintic agent. Mebendazole interferes with the reproduction and survival of helminths by inhibiting the formation of their cytoplasmic microtubules, thereby selectively and irreversibly blocking glucose uptake.	J Biol Chem, 2019, 10.1074/jbc.RA119.010144
S4822	Silver Sulfadiazine Silver sulfadiazine is a bactericidal for many gram- negative and gram-positive bacteria as well as being effective against yeast.
S5294	Cephalotin acid Cephalotin acid is a cephalosporin antibiotic.
S5736	Benzathine penicilline Benzathine penicilline is an antibiotic useful for the treatment of a number of bacterial infections.
S4167	Cyromazine Cyromazine is a triazine insect growth regulator used as an insecticide and an acaricide.
S4612	Dapson Dapsone, also known as diaminodiphenyl sulfone (DDS), is an antibiotic commonly used in combination with rifampicin and clofazimine for the treatment of leprosy.
S1884	Sparfloxacin Sparfloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic, shows broad and potent antibacterial activity.
S5722	Oxantel Pamoate Oxantel Pamoate is the pamoate salt form of oxantel, a tetrahydropyrimidine anthelmintic used against intesitnal worms, particularly in a veterinary setting.
S1395	Polymyxin B sulphate Polymyxin B is an antibiotic primarily used for resistant gram-negative infections.	Free Radic Biol Med, 2019, 137:24-36
S2385	Hordenine Hordenine (N,N-dimethyl-4-hydroxyphenylethylamine) is a phenylethylamine alkaloid with antibacterial and antibiotic properties.
S4634	Sodium sulfadiazine Sodium Sulfadiazine is a sodium salt form of sulfadiazine, an intermediate-acting bacteriostatic, synthetic sulfanilamide derivative.
S4959	Skatole Skatole (3-Methylindole) is a mildly toxic white crystalline organic compound that occurs naturally in feces. It has a fairly broad bacteriostatic effect.
S5601	Balofloxacin Dihydrate Balofloxacin Dihydrate is an orally active fluoroquinolone antibiotic.
S4172	Cetylpyridinium Chloride Cetylpyridinium chloride is a cationic quaternary ammonium compound used as oropharyngeal antiseptic.
S4641	Tedizolid Phosphate Tedizolid is an oxazolidinone-class antibiotic. Tedizolid phosphate is a phosphate ester prodrug of the active compound tedizolid.	Sci Transl Med, 2019, 11(516)
S6243	Ethyl pyruvate Ethyl pyruvate is a simple aliphatic ester of pyruvic acid and has been shown to have robust neuroprotective effects via its anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative, and anti-apoptotic functions.
S3695	Cystamine dihydrochloride Cystamine dihydrochloride acts as an anti-infective agent, which is used in the treatment of urinary tract infections and also as a radiation-protective agent that interferes with sulfhydryl enzymes.
S5291	sulfaisodimidine Sulfisomidin is a sulfonamide antibacterial.
S4175	Sulfaguanidine Sulfaguanidine is a sulfonamide used as an anti-infective agent.
S2395	Rheochrysidin Physcion is an anthraquinone from roots of Rheum officinale Baill.	ACS Chem Biol, 2015, 10.1021/cb5009487	AmpC β-lactamase and MDH inhibition dose-response curves in the absence (black circles) and presence (red triangles) of DTT for (C and D) physcion.
S3787	Picroside I Picroside I, an iridoid glycoside, is a hepatoprotective agent which is reported to be antimicrobial and used against hepatitis B.
S3645	Kitasamycin Kitasamycin is a macrolide antibiotic. It has antimicrobial activity against a wide spectrum of pathogens.
S4178	Climbazole Climbazole is a broad-spectrum imidazole antifungal agent that can provide anti-dandruff benefits.
S3644	Sulfamonomethoxine Sulfamonomethoxine is a long-acting sulfonamide antibacterial agent and blocks the synthesis of folic acid by inhibiting synthetase of dihydropteroate.
S9016	Dipsacoside B Dipsacoside B, extracted from the flowerbuds of Lonicera confusa DC, shows strong antimicrobial activity.
S3646	Thimerosal Thimerosal is a well-established antiseptic and antifungal agent and usually used as a preservative in vaccines, immunoglobulin preparations, skin test antigens, antivenins, ophthalmic and nasal products, and tattoo inks.
S5298	Amoxicillin trihydrate Amoxicillin is a broad-spectrum, semisynthetic aminopenicillin antibiotic with bactericidal activity.
S5546	Sulfacetamide Sulfacetamide is a synthetic sulfanylacetamide derivative with bacteriostatic activity. It is an anti-infective agent that is used topically to treat skin infections and orally for urinary tract infections.
S5908	Garenoxacin Garenoxacin (T-3811ME, BMS-284756) is a novel des-F(6) quinolone that has been shown to be effective in vitro against a wide range of clinically important pathogens, including gram-positive and gram-negative aerobes and anaerobes.
S4179	Mezlocillin Sodium Mezlocillin sodium is a penicillin beta-lactam antibiotic used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually gram-positive, organisms.
S4060	Erythromycin Ethylsuccinate Erythromycin Ethylsuccinate, an oral macrolide antibiotic produced by Streptomyces erythreus, reversibly binds to the 50S ribosome of bacteria, and inhibits protein synthesis.
S5515	Penicillin G Procaine Procaine benzylpenicillin, also known as Procaine benzylpenicillin, is an antibiotic useful for the treatment of a number of bacterial infections.
S3649	Ceftazidime Ceftazidime is a third-generation cephalosporin that has activity against Gram-negative bacilli, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
S5289	Ceftezole Ceftezole is a semi-synthetic first-generation cephalosporin with antibacterial activity.
S4062	Ronidazole Ronidazole is an antiprotozoal agent.
S4183	Paromomycin Sulfate Paromomycin Sulfate is an aminoglycoside antibiotics inhibiting protein synthesis in non-resistant cells by binding to 16S ribosomal RNA.
S3655	Cefepime Dihydrochloride Monohydrate Cefepime is a cephalosporin antibacterial drug used to treat pneumonia, urinary tract, skin, and intra-abdominal infections.
S5020	Tilorone dihydrochloride Tilorone dihydrochloride is a broad-spectrum, orally active antiviral agent that activates interferon production. It has antitumor, anti-inflammatory properties.
S5637	Cefotiam Hexetil Hydrochloride Cefotiam Hexetil Hydrochloride is the hydrochloride salt of cefotiam hexetil. Cefotiam is a semi-synthetic, beta-lactam cephalosporin antibiotic with antibacterial activity.
S4541	Triclosan Triclosan is a diphenyl ether derivative used in cosmetics and toilet soaps as an antiseptic. It has some bacteriostatic and fungistatic action.	FASEB J, 2019, 10.1096/fj.201802603RR Onco Targets Ther, 2018, 11:2945-2954
S4971	Buparvaquone 1,4-Naphthalenedione, 2-[[4-(1,1-dimethylethyl)cyclohexyl]methyl]-3-hydroxy-
S5638	Cefozopran hydrochloride Cefozopran Hydrochloride is the hydrochloride salt form of cefozopran, a semi-synthetic, broad-spectrum, fourth-generation cephalosporin with antibacterial activity.
S4187	Salicylanilide Salicylanilides are a group of compounds with a wide range of biological activities including antiviral potency, antibacterial (including antimycobacterial) and antifungal activities.
S5299	Tosufloxacin p-Toluenesulfonate Hydrate Tosufloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic that is used to treat susceptible infections.
S5644	Ceftriaxone Sodium Ceftriaxone Sodium is the sodium salt form of ceftriaxone, a beta-lactam, third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic with bactericidal activity.
S4720	Cefotaxime Cefotaxime is a third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic and has broad spectrum activity against Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria.
S4898	Sulfalozine sodium Sulfalozine sodium is an antiprotozoal useful in coccidiosis research.
S5295	Lincomycin Hydrochloride Monohydrate Lincomycin hydrochloride monohydrate is a narrow-spectrum antibiotic used in the treatment of staphylococcal, streptococcal, and Bacteroides fragilis infections.
S4068	Tinidazole Tinidazole is an anti-parasitic drug.
S3676	Carbendazim Carbendazim is a broad-spectrum systemic antimycotic and can be used to control a broad range of diseases on field crops, fruits, and vegetables, including sclerotinia rot of canola, wheat head blight, peanut leaf spot, and SB on rice. Its mode of action is to inhibit the formation of mitotic microtubules in of fungi.
S2315	Kanamycin sulfate Kanamycin sulfate(Kanamycin monosulfate) is an aminoglycoside antibiotic, available in oral, intravenous, and intramuscular forms, and used to treat a wide variety of infections.
S4192	Chlorquinaldol Chlorquinaldol is an antimicrobial agent used for local antisepsy.
S4258	Luliconazole Luliconazole is a broad-spectrum antifungal drug.
S5420	Clindamycin alcoholate Clindamycin alcoholate is a crystallizable compound of Clindamycin with alcohol. Clindamycin is a semisynthetic lincosamide antibiotic that inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by binding to bacterial 50S ribosomal subunits.
S5816	pyrvinium Pyrvinium is an anthelmintic effective for pinworms.	bioRxiv, 2020, 2020/9/20.4.7.30734 Antimicrob Agents Chemother, 2018, 62(4)
S4882	Resorantel Resorantel is a safe, hydroxybenzanilide cestocide highly effective against Moniezia and Thysaniezia spp. and moderately effective against Paramphistomum spp.
S5421	Fluoroquinolonic Acid Fluoroquinolonic Acid is an antibiotic and antimicrobial agent.
S5292	Diazolidinyl urea Diazolidinyl urea is an antimicrobial preservative used in cosmetics.
S6423	Tildipirosin Tildipirosin is a 16-membered ring, tribasic and semi-synthetic macrolide antibiotic.	Nat Cell Biol, 2017, 19(10):1274-1285
S4750	Sulfacetamide sodium salt hydrate Sulfacetamide is a sulfonamide antibiotic that blocks the synthesis of dihydrofolic acid by inhibiting the enzyme dihydropteroate synthase(DHPS) with IC50 of 9.5 μM. Sulfacetamide is a competitive inhibitor of bacterial para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA), which is required for bacterial synthesis of folic acid.
S5017	Oxyclozanide Oxyclozanide is a salicylanilide anthelmintic and mitochondrial uncoupling anthelmintic drug approved for veterinary use.
S9046	Berberine Berberine, an alkaloid isolated from Rhizoma coptidis, has broad applications, particularly as an antibacterial agent in the clinic.	Front Pharmacol, 2020, 11:185 Int J Mol Sci, 2018, 19(12) J Biol Chem, 2018, 293(29):11341-11357
S4870	Cefodizime Sodium Cefodizime Sodium, a third generation cephalosporin antibiotic, has broad-spectrum activity and is stable to most beta-lactamases.
S9057	Sinigrin Sinigrin is a glucosinolate found in some plants of the Brassicaceae family and exerts various activities including anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant, and wound healing effects. Sinigrin is a glucosinolate found in some plants of the Brassicaceae family and exerts various activities including anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant, and wound healing effects.	J Invest Dermatol, 2018, 138(12):2644-2652
S5887	Khellin Khellin, a compound isolated from the seeds of Ammi Visnaga Lam (Umbelliferae), is used to treat a variety of maladies.
S4081	Sulfacetamide Sodium Sulfacetamide Sodium is an anti-biotic.	G3 (Bethesda), 2020, 4;10(5):1585-1597
S3636	Cefadroxil hydrate Cefadroxil is a broad-spectrum antibiotic of the cephalosporin type, effective in Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial infections.
S3637	Cefpirome sulfate Cefpirome is a fourth-generation cephalosporin and is considered highly active against Gram-negative bacteria.
S4759	p-Coumaric Acid p-Coumaric acid is a hydroxy derivative of cinnamic acid found in a variety of edible plants and is reported to have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial activity.	J Nutr Biochem, 2015, 26(11):1379-84
S3638	Cefamandole nafate Cefamandole Nafate is the sodium salt form of cefamandole formyl ester. Cefamandole binds to and inactivates penicillin-binding proteins (PBP) located on the inner membrane of the bacterial cell wall, interferes with the cross-linkage of peptidoglycan chains necessary for bacterial cell wall strength and rigidity. This results in the weakening of the bacterial cell wall and causes cell lysis.
S5440	Berberine Sulfate Berberine sulfate, an alkaloid extracted from several plants, possesses antimicrobial activity against a wide variety of microorganisms including Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, fungi, and protozoa.
S5948	Amodiaquine Amodiaquine is a synthetic aminoquinoline that acts by binding to the protozoal or parasitic DNA and preventing DNA and RNA production and subsequent protein synthesis. It is used for the therapy of malaria.	bioRxiv, 2020, 2020/9/20.4.7.30734 F1000Res, 2016, 5:150
S5016	Isoprinosine Isoprinosine is an immunopharmacologic agent with antiviral activities.
S2534	Isoconazole nitrate Isoconazole nitrate (Travogen) is an azole antifungal reagent.
S4978	Azathramycin Azathramycin (Azaerythromycin) is a macrolide antibiotic containing cladinose.
S3713	Moxidectin Moxidectin is a potent, broad-spectrum endectocide with activity against a wide range of nematodes, insects and acari.
S7411	Ascomycin (FK520) Ascomycin (FK520), an FK-506 analog, is a neutral macrolide immunosuppressant, which prevents rejection after an organ transplant. Phase 3.
S5784	Vancomycin Vancomycin is an antibiotic used to treat serious bacterial infections. It works by stopping the growth of bacteria.
S3705	Chlorobutanol Chlorobutanol (trichloro-2-methyl-2-propanol) is a preservative, sedative, hypnotic and weak local anesthetic with antibacterial and antifungal properties.
S3860	Allicin Allicin, the main biologically active component of the freshly crushed garlic extracts, possesses various biological activities including antibacterial, antifungal and antiparasitic effects.
S9387	Maackiain Maackiain is a pterocarpan that is widely distributed in leguminous plants. It has anticancer and antimicrobial effects.
S3707	Ethopabate Ethopabate (ETP) is a coccidiostat that is frequently used to prevent and treat coccidiosis in chickens.
S3708	Sulfachloropyridazine Sulfachloropyridazine is an antibiotic used to treat a variety of bacterial infections.
S4201	Florfenicol Florfenicol is a fluorinated synthetic analog of thiamphenicol with broad-spectrum, primarily bacteriostatic activity.
S4663	Fusidate Sodium Fusidate Sodium is a sodium salt form of fusidic acid, a bacteriostatic antibiotic derived from the fungus Fusidium coccineum and used as a topical medication to treat skin infections.
S3709	Furagin Furagin is 2-substituted 5-nitrofuran, chemically and structurally similar to well-known antibacterial compound nitrofurantoin with antimicrobial activities.
S5041	Difloxacin hydrochloride Difloxacin is a second-generation, synthetic fluoroquinolone antimicrobial antibiotic used in veterinary medicine.
S4203	Furaltadone HCl Furaltadone HCl is an antibacterial and has distinct curative effect in the treatment of coccidiosis.	Eur J Pharmacol, 2018, 828:119-125
S5657	Ertapenem sodium Ertapenem Sodium is the sodium salt of ertapenem, a long-acting, broad-spectrum antibiotic of β-lactam subclass.
S9078	Epigoitrin Epigoitrin, the main bioactive constituent of Radix isatidis, exerts antiviral, anticancer, and antithyroid activities.
S4986	Latamoxef sodium Latamoxef sodium is an antibiotic and has anti-bacterial and anti-inflammation effects.
S6408	Hexetidine Hexetidine is an anti-bacterial and anti-fungal agent with local anesthetic, astringent, deodorant and antiplaque activity.
S5033	Terconazole Terconazole is a new, broad-spectrum, triazole antifungal agent which is primarily used to treat vaginal fungal infections.	bioRxiv, 2020, 2020/9/20.4.7.30734
S9084	Rhoifolin Rhoifolin, a natural glycoside of apigenin, has been obtained from the green leaves of Rhus succedanea and possesses a variety of significant biological activities including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, hepatoprotective and anticancer effects.
S6411	Nimorazole Nimorazole is a water soluble, 5-nitroimidazole compound with antibacterial and potential radiosensitizing activity.
S3058	Danofloxacin Mesylate Danofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibacterial for veterinary use, with MIC90 of 0.28 μM.
S4271	Isepamicin Sulphate Isepamicin Sulphate is an aminoglycoside antibiotic, which inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by targeting the bacterial 30S ribosomal subunit.
S3672	Cefonicid sodium Cefonicid sodium is a cephalosporin antibiotic. It interferes with cell wall biosynthesis in bacteria, leading to lysis of the infectious organism.
S4213	Dirithromycin Dirithromycin is a macrolide glycopeptide antibiotic by binding to the 50S subunit of the 70S bacterial ribosome to inhibit the translocation of peptides.
S4215	Ribostamycin Sulfate Ribostamycin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic, containing a neutral sugar moiety, and is produced by Streptomyces ribosidiﬁcus.	PLoS Pathog, 2020, 16;16(3):e1008341 Pathogens, 2019, 8(3)
S4216	Valnemulin HCl Valnemulin HCl is a broad-spectrum bacteriostatic agent inhibiting protein synthesis in bacteria by binding to the peptidyl transferase component of the 50S subunit of ribosomes.
S5055	Milbemycin Oxime Milbemycin Oxime is a broad spectrum anti-parasitic drug that is active against worms (anthelmintic) and mites (miticide).
S4671	Cefradine Cephradine is a semi-synthetic cephalosporin antibiotic.
S5070	Mupirocin calcium Mupirocin Calcium is the calcium salt form of mupirocin, a natural crotonic acid derivative extracted from Pseudomonas fluorescens,which inhibits bacterial protein synthesis and is used as an antibiotic.
S6067	2,4-dichlorobenzyl alcohol 2,4-Dichlorobenzyl alcohol is a mild antiseptic, able to kill bacteria and viruses associated with mouth and throat infections.
S6068	Doxycycline monohydrate Doxycycline is a synthetic, broad-spectrum tetracycline antibiotic exhibiting antimicrobial activity.	Elife, 2020, 9;9:e48963
S5724	Dichlorophene Dichlorophen is an anticestodal agent, fungicide, germicide, and antimicrobial agent.
S5829	Monomyristin Monomyristin, a monoacylglyceride, shows high antibacterial and antifungal activities.
S2334	Oleanolic Acid Oleanolic Acid is a non-toxic, hepatoprotective triterpenoid found in Phytolacca Americana, which exerts antitumor and antiviral properties.	J Asian Nat Prod Res, 2018, 10.1080/10286020.2018.1461087
S9099	Orientin Orientin, isolated from medicinal plants, has various activities including anti-oxidant, anti-aging, anti-viral, anti-bacterial, anti-inflammation, vasodilatation and cardioprotective, antiadipogenesis, antinociceptive, radiation protective, neuroprotective, and antidepressant-like effects.
S3801	Sodium Houttuyfonate Sodium Houttuyfonate, the active compound of the Houttuynia plant, is mainly used for treating purulent skin infections, respiratory tract infections, including pneumonia in elderly patients, and chronic bronchitis.
S5776	Proflavine Proflavine is a disinfectant bacteriostatic against many gram-positive bacteria. It is a topical antiseptic used mainly in wound dressings.
S6444	Triclocarban Triclocarban is an antibacterial agent common used in personal care products.
S4222	Piperacillin Sodium Piperacillin is a semisynthetic, broad-spectrum, ampicillin derived ureidopenicillin antibiotic proposed for pseudomonas infections.	Analytical Methods, 2018, 10.1039/C8AY00150B
S4601	Clioquinol Clioquinol is an orally bioavailable, lipophilic, copper-binding, halogenated 8-hydroxyquinoline with antifungal, antiparasitic and potential antitumor activities.	FASEB J, 2019, 10.1096/fj.201802603RR
S3650	Penicillin V potassium salt Phenoxymethylpenicillin, also known as penicillin V, is an antibiotic useful for the treatment of a number of bacterial infections. It acts by inhibiting the biosynthesis of cell-wall peptidoglycan.
S5031	Sulfaquinoxaline sodium Sulfaquinoxaline sodium (N'1-quinoxalin-2-ylsulphanilamide sodium, SQ-Na) is the sodium salt of sulfaquinoxaline, which is often used as a drug to prevent coccidiosis in poultry, swine, and sheep by inhibiting the synthesis of nucleic acids and proteins in microorganisms.
S6451	Salifungin Salifungin (Bromochlorosalicylanilide) is an antifungal and may cause allergic contact dermatitis in some individuals.
S2613	Clorsulon Clorsulon is used in the treatment of Fasciola hepatica infections in calves and sheep.	Cancer Cell Int, 2020, 19;20:58
S9328	5,6,7-Trimethoxyflavone 5,6,7-Trimethoxyflavone, methylations of the hydroxyl groups of oroxylin A or baicalein, has various pharmacological activities including antiviral, anticancer and antibacterial.
S4111	Dicloxacillin Sodium Dicloxacillin is a β-lactamase resistant penicillin similar to oxacillin and it has activity against gram-positive/negative aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
S5065	Ganciclovir sodium Ganciclovir Sodium is the sodium salt form of ganciclovir, a synthetic, antiviral, purine nucleoside analog with antiviral activity, especially against cytomegalovirus (CMV).
S5036	Nisin Nisin is a ribosomally synthesized peptide that has broad-spectrum antibacterial activity, including activity against many bacteria that are food-spoilage pathogens.
S6442	Chlorphenesin Chlorphenesin is a synthetic preservative used in skin care as a cosmetic biocide.
S3722	Isavuconazole Isavuconazole is a new extended-spectrum triazole with activity against yeasts, molds, and dimorphic fungi that inhibits cytochrome P450 (CYP)-dependent 14α-lanosterol demethylation, which is essential for fungal cell membrane ergosterol synthesis.
S5541	Dimetridazole Dimetridazole is an anti-fungal and anti-protozoal used for the control of infection in pigs, poultry, turkeys, game birds, pigeons and other caged birds.
S9342	1,4-Naphthoquinone 1,4-Naphthoquinone, found in diesel exhaust particles and it is an active metabolite of naphthalene, is a fumigant insecticide.
S2564	Cloxacillin Sodium Cloxacillin Sodium is a sodium salt of cloxacillin that is a penicillinase-resistant, acid resistant, semi-synthetic penicillin.
S3121	Ornidazole Ornidazole is a 5-nitroimidazole derivative with antiprotozoal and antibacterial properties against anaerobic bacteria.
S3979	Zinc Undecylenate Zinc Undecylenate is a natural or synthetic fungistatic fatty acid, antifungal Zinc Undecylenate is used topically in creams against fungal infections, eczemas, ringworm, and other cutaneous conditions.
S9112	Kaempferitrin Kaempferitrin, isolated from the leaves of Hedyotis verticillata and from Onychium japonicum, has antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities.
S5096	SulfadiMethoxine sodium Sulfadimethoxine is a long-lasting sulfonamide antimicrobial agent used to treat many infections including treatment of respiratory, urinary tract, enteric, and soft tissue infections.	Cell Death Dis, 2018, 9(6):646
S9113	Ononin Ononin is an isoflavone glycoside with anti-inflammtory effects.
S6464	Ftaxilide Ftaxilide is a novel antituberculosis agent.
S5924	Olanexidine Hydrochloride semihydrate Olanexidine is a monobiguanide compound with bactericidal activity.
S6459	Nifurtimox Nifurtimox is an antiprotozoal agent.
S4232	Nithiamide Nithiamide is a non-5-nitroimidazole drugs.
S3618	Acetylspiramycin (ASPM) Acetylspiramycin (ASPM) is a macrolide antimicrobial agent.
S5086	p-Anisaldehyde p-Anisaldehyde (4-methoxybenzaldehyde), an extract from Pimpinella anisum seeds, exhibits antifungal activity against a number of yeast and mold strains in laboratory media, fruit purees and fruit juices.
S9120	Scutellarein Scutellarein, extracted from the perennial herb Scutellaria lateriflora, has antioxidant, antitumor, anti-adipogenic, antiviral and anti-inflammatory activities
S5410	Chloramphenicol sodium succinate Chloramphenicol Sodium Succinate is the sodium succinate salt form of chloramphenicol, a nitrobenzene derivate and broad-spectrum antibiotic with antibacterial activity.
S6467	Fosfluconazole Fosfluconazole is a water-soluble phosphate prodrug of fluconazole, which is a triazole antifungal drug used in the treatment and prevention of superficial and systemic fungal infections.
S4517	Cefotaxime sodium Cefotaxime sodium salt is a third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic; broad-spectrum antibiotic with activity against numerous Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
S9122	Tectorigenin Tectorigenin (TEC) is an isoflavone isolated from various medicinal plants, such as Pueraria thunbergiana Benth, Belamcanda chinensis, and Iris unguicularis. It has been reported to exert pharmacological actions, including antitumor and antibacterial effects, free radical neutralization, and selective estrogen receptor modulation.
S4518	Chloroxylenol Chloroxylenol is a broad-spectrum antimicrobial chemical compound used to control bacteria, algae, fungi and virus.
S5209	Enoxacin Sesquihydrate Enoxacin sesquihydrate is a broad-spectrum 6-fluoronaphthyridinone antibacterial agent.
S9377	Eugenyl acetate Eugenyl acetate, an aromatic component of clove essential oil, exhibits various pharmacological activities, including antibacterial and anti-virulence activities against drug-resistant A. baumannii clinical isolates.
S3132	Sulfamerazine Sulfamerazine is a sulfonamide antibacterial.
S4236	Proflavine Hemisulfate Proflavine Hemisulfate is a topical antiseptic by interchelating DNA, thereby disrupting DNA synthesis and leading to high levels of mutation in the copied DNA strands.
S5208	Ciprofloxacin hydrochloride hydrate Ciprofloxacin Hydrochloride is the hydrochloride salt form of ciprofloxacin, which is an antibiotic used to treat a number of bacterial infections.
S5573	Tilmicosin phosphate Tilmicosin phosphate is a macrolide antibiotic that is used to treat cattle for pathogens that cause Bovine Respiratory Disease.
S3065	Amikacin disulfate Amikacin sulfate binds to 16S rRNA (bacterial 30S ribosome), causing misreading of mRNA and supressing proteins synthesis.
S4523	Dihydrostreptomycin sulfate Dihydrostreptomycin sulfate is an aminoglycoside antibiotic, used to treat bacterial diseases in cattle, pigs and sheep. Dihydrostreptomycin is a derivative of streptomycin.
S3746	Lumefantrine Lumefantrine is an antimalarial agent used to treat acute uncomplicated malaria.
S5212	Imidazolidinyl Urea Imidazolidinyl Urea is an antimicrobial agent used as preservative in cosmetics.
S5473	Pivmecillinam hydrochloride Pivmecillinam is a β-lactam antibiotic and a prodrug of mecillinam. It has selective activity against Gram-negative bacteria and is used primarily in the treatment of lower urinary tract infections.
S9444	Tomatine Tomatine is a natural glycoalkaloid with fungicidal, antimicrobial, and insecticidal properties.
S4525	Ethylparaben Ethylparaben is the ethyl ester of p-hydroxybenzoic acid, used as an antifungal preservative and food additive. It is a standardized chemical allergen. The physiologic effect of ethylparaben is by means of Increased Histamine Release, and Cell-mediated Immunity.
S5210	Sulfamethazine Sodium Salt Sulfamethazine is a sulfanilamide anti-infective agent used in the lifestock industry.
S5202	Quinocetone Quinocetone is a novel veterinary chemicals that is also bacteriocide and potential anti-tumor agent.
S4528	Furazolidone Furazolidone is a synthetic nitrofuran derivative with bactericidal or bacteriostatic activity when used against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
S4678	Povidone iodine Povidone iodine is a stable chemical complex of polyvinylpyrrolidone (povidone, PVP) and elemental iodine. It is used as topical antiseptic in surgery and for skin and mucous membrane infections, also as aerosol.
S5201	Acetylisovaleryltylosin Tartrate Acetylisovaleryltylosin tartrate is an antimicrobial of the macrolide group with antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria.
S5206	Benzylpenicillin potassium Benzylpenicillin potassium is the potassium salt form of penicillin G, a broad-spectrum penicillin antibiotic.
S5211	4-Aminosalicylic acid 4-Aminosalicylic acid (Aminosalicylic acid) is an antitubercular agent with bacteriostatic activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
S5094	Maduramycin Ammonium Maduramicin, which could be isolated from the actinomycete Actinomadura rubra, is an antiprotozoal agent used in veterinary medicine to prevent coccidiosis.	Cancers (Basel), 2019, 11(6)
S4833	Cefoxitin sodium Cefoxitin Sodium is the sodium salt form of cefoxitin, a beta-lactam, second-generation cephalosporin antibiotic with bactericidal activity.
S4536	Nitrofurantoin Nitrofurantoin is an antibiotic used to treat bladder infections.It inhibits bacterial DNA, RNA, and cell wall protein synthesis.
S9135	Artemisic acid Artemisic acid (Artemisinic acid), an amorphane sesquiterpene isolated from Artemisia annua L., has a variety of pharmacological activity, such as antimalarial activity, anti-tumor activity, antipyretic effect, antibacterial activity, allelopathy effect and anti-adipogenesis effect.
S5093	Rafoxanide Rafoxanide is a salicylanilide used as an anthelmintic, being effective treatment for the control of fluke infections in animals.
S9136	Neochlorogenic acid Neochlorogenic acid is a natural polyphenolic compound found in some types of dried fruits and a variety of other plant sources such as peaches. It shows antioxidant, antibacterial, antiviral, and antipyretic activities and exerts neuroprotective effects through the inhibition of pro-inflammatory pathways in activated microglia.
S3170	Ampicillin sodium Ampicillin is a beta-lactam antibiotic that is part of the aminopenicillin family.	Vet J, 2018, 234:24-26
S5092	Febantel Febantel is a prodrug that is metabolized to fenbendazole and oxfendazole, which are undoubtedly the active parasiticides.
S5350	Cefpodoxime proxetil Cefpodoxime Proxetil is a third generation semi-synthetic cephalosporin and a beta-lactam antibiotic with bactericidal activity.
S5557	Aklomide Aklomide is a coccidiostat and used to fight disease, parasites and insects that infest poultry.
S4540	Sisomicin sulfate Sisomicin sulfate is an aminoglycoside antibiotic, isolated from the fermentation broth of a new species of the genus Micromonospora.
S4878	Neticonazole Hydrochloride Neticonazole is an imidazole antifungal for the treatment of fungal skin infections.
S5405	Propylparaben Propylparaben, a natural substance found in many plants and some insects, is an antimicrobial, preservative and flavouring agent.
S4242	Cetrimonium Bromide (CTAB) Cetrimonium Bromide is a known component of the broad-spectrum antiseptic cetrimide, which is a mixture of different quaternary ammonium salts.	Micromachines (Basel), 2018, 9(6)
S5095	Olaquindox Olaquindox is an oral anti-bacterial agent used as an additive to animal food.
S5214	Imidocarb dipropionate Imidocarb is an antiprotozoal agent, used as dipropionate in the treatment of babesiosis and ehrlichiosis.	Nat Commun, 2017, 8(1):823
S6461	Permethrin Permethrin is a synthetic Type I pyrethroidal neurotoxic pesticide that has been responsible for accidental animal deaths.
S3978	5-Phenyl-2,4-pentadienoic acid 5-Phenyl-2,4-pentadienoic acid is used as Synthetic building block, anti-malarial agent.
S5159	Doxycycline Doxycycline is an antibiotic that is used in the treatment of a number of types of infections caused by bacteria and protozoa.	Elife, 2020, 9;9:e48963 Mol Ther Nucleic Acids, 2020, 1;20:801-811 Life Sci, 2020, 243:117234
S4279	Demeclocycline HCl Demeclocycline HCl is a tetracycline antibiotic via inhibition of protein synthesis by bacteria, used for the treatment of bacterial infections.	J Biol Chem, 2020, 10.1074/jbc.RA119.011633. Sci Rep, 2018, 8(1):7653
S5390	N-(Hytroxymethy)micotinamide N-(Hydroxymethyl)nicotinamide is an antimicrobial agent.
S5744	Spiramycin I Spiramycin I is a main component of spiramycin, which is a macrolide antimicrobial agent with broad spectrum antibiotic activity.
S4813	Cefuroxime axetil Cefuroxime axetil, a prodrug of the cephalosporin cefuroxime, is a second generation oral cephalosporin antibiotic with in vitro antibacterial activity against several gram-positive and gram-negative organisms.
S5373	Pseudolaric Acid B Pseudolaric Acid B, a natural diterpenoid compound isolated from the root and trunk bark of Pseudolaric kaempferi Gordon, has anti-fungal and anti-fertility properties.	Eur J Pharmacol, 2020, 876:173064
S4547	8-Hydroxyquinoline 8-Hydroxyquinoline is an antiseptic with mild fungistatic, bacteriostatic, anthelmintic, and amebicidal action. It is also used as a reagent and metal chelator, as a carrier for radio-indium for diagnostic purposes.
S5354	Cefteram pivoxil Cefteram Pivoxil is the pivalate ester prodrug of cefteram, a semi-synthetic, broad-spectrum, third-generation cephalosporin with antibacterial activity.
S4843	Potassium acetate Potassium acetate is the potassium salt of acetic acid, which is a synthetic carboxylic acid with antibacterial and antifungal properties.
S4550	Azelaic acid Azelaic acid is an organic compound produced by the ozonolysis of oleic acid and possesses antibacterial, keratolytic, comedolytic, and anti-oxidant activity.
S4844	Cefcapene Pivoxil Hydrochloride Cefcapene Pivoxil is the pivalate ester prodrug form of cefcapene, a semi-synthetic third-generation cephalosporin with antibacterial activity.
S5355	Piperaquine phosphate Piperaquine phosphate is an orally active bisquinolone antimalarial drug.
S5351	Cefmetazole sodium Cefmetazole sodium is a semisynthetic cephamycin antibiotic with a broad spectrum of activity against both gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms.
S9560	Anisodamine Hydrobromide Anisodamine is a naturally occurring atropine derivative and exhibits anti-inflammatory activity. It also inhibits α1-adrenergic receptors and muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChRs).
S3910	4',7-Dimethoxyisoflavone 4',7-Dimethoxyisoflavone, isolated from the leaves of Albizzia lebbeck, shows antifungal activity in vitro.
S5009	Brivudine Brivudine is a uridine derivative and nucleoside analog with pro-apoptotic and chemosensitizing properties. It is incorporated into the viral DNA and blocks the action of DNA polymerases, thus inhibiting viral replication.
S4287	Micafungin Sodium Micafungin Sodium is an inhibitor of 1, 3-beta-D-glucan synthesis, used as an antifungal drug.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother, 2020, 64(2) BMC Infect Dis, 2020, 19;20(1):287 Biotechnol Adv, 2019, 37(6):107352	Effect of Micafungin on erythrocyte forward scatter. A. Original histogram of forward scatter of erythrocytes following exposure for 48 hours to Ringer solution without (grey area) and with (black line) presense of 25 µg/ml Micafungin. B. Arithmetic means ± SEM (n = 14) of the erythrocyte forward scatter (FSC) following incubation for 48 hours to Ringer solution without (white bar) or with (black bars) Micafungin (10-25 µg/ml). C. Arithmetic means ± SEM (n = 14) of the percentage of erythrocytes with forward scatter(FSC) <200 following incubation for 48 hours to Ringer solution without (white bar) or with (black bars) Micafungin (10-25 µg/ml). D. Arithmetic means ± SEM (n = 14) of the percentage of erythrocytes with forward scatter (FSC) >800 following incubation for 48 hours to Ringer solution without (white bar) or with (black bars) Micafungin (10-25 µg/ml). ***(p<0.001) indicates significant difference from the absence of Micafungin (ANOVA).
S5005	Cefotiam hydrochloride Cefotiam hydrochloride is the hydrochloride salt form of cefotiam and has a broad spectrum of activity against both gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms.
S4553	Bronopol Bronopol(2-bromo-2-nitropropane-1,3-diol) is antibacterial agent, used as preservative in cosmetic industry.
S5859	Sancycline Sancycline is a semi-synthetic tetracycline antibiotic.
S1962	Sulphadimethoxine Sulphadimethoxine is a non-reducing glucuronide.
S5007	Delamanid Delamanid is a new anti-tuberculosis drug with an excellent intracellular bactericidal activity and a high accumulation rate.
S4555	Carsalam Carsalam is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug.
S4812	Ceftizoxime Ceftizoxime is a semisynthetic cephalosporin antibiotic which can be administered intravenously or by suppository. It is highly resistant to a broad spectrum of beta-lactamases and is active against a wide range of both aerobic and anaerobic gram-positive and gram-negative organisms.
S5863	Metronidazole Benzoate Metronidazole Benzoate is the benzoate ester of metronidazole, a synthetic nitroimidazole derivative with antiprotozoal and antibacterial activities.
S4559	Cloxiquine Cloxiquine is an antibacterial, antifungal, antiaging and antituberculosis drug.
S7896	Sodium Tauroursodeoxycholate (TUDC) Sodium Tauroursodeoxycholate (TUDC) is a water soluble bile salt, used for the treatment of gallstones and liver cirrhosis.	Microbiome, 2019, 7(1):145 Int J Biol Sci, 2019, 15(9):1905-1920 EBioMedicine, 2018, 37:269-280
S4521	DEET DEET is a commen active ingredient insect repellent.
S4522	Dehydroacetic acid Dehydroacetic acid is an organic compound, used mostly as a fungicide and bactericide.
S5108	Tylosin Tylosin is a macrolide-class broad spectrum antibiotic that's used in veterinary medicine to treat felines, canines and livestock.
S4847	Faropenem Sodium Faropenem sodium is an orally active beta-lactam antibiotic that has been used in trials studying the treatment of Tuberculosis, Pulmonary Tuberculosis, and Community Acquired Pneumonia.
S4565	Diiodohydroxyquinoline Diiodohydroxyquinoline is a topical therapeutic agent,a quinoline derivative, with satisfactory antibacterial properties.
S4999	Avermectin B1 Avermectin B1 (Abamectin) is a widely used insecticide and anthelmintic.
S9185	Nitidine Chloride Nitidine Chloride, a benzophenanthridine alkaloid found in species of the genus Zanthoxylum, has an anti-malarial activity.
S5456	Isobavachalcone Isobavachalcone, a naturally occurring chalcone compound derived from the seeds of Psoralea corylifolia L., has long been used in traditional Chinese medicine as anthelmintic, antibacterial, aphrodisiac, astringent and antiplatelet agent.
S5247	Selamectin Selamectin is a novel macrocyclic lactone of the avermectin class. It paralyses and/or kills a wide range of invertebrate parasites through interference with their chloride channel conductance causing disruption of normal neurotransmission and has adulticidal, ovicidal and larvicidal activity against fleas.

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