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Catalog No. Product Name Information Product Use Citations Product Validations
S1553 Delafloxacin (ABT-492) Delafloxacin (ABT-492, RX-3341, WQ-3034) is a new fluoroquinolone against 155 aerobic and 171 anaerobic pathogens.
S1958 Sulbactam Sulbactam is a beta-lactamase inhibitor with an average IC50 of 0.8 μM.
S2430 Azodicarbonamide Azodicarbonamide is the first known nucleocapsid inhibitor that inhibits HIV-1 and a broad range of retroviruses by targeting the nucleocapsid CCHC domains. Azodicarbonamide inhibits the HIV-1RF-induced cytopathicity of CEM-SS cells with an EC50 of 38 µM in a standard cell-based antiviral assay .
S2572 Streptomycin sulfate Streptomycin sulfate is a sulfate salt of streptomycin that is a protein synthesis inhibitor.
Front Microbiol, 2021, 12:761113
Life Sci, 2021, 282:119798
Biosci Rep, 2021, BSR20200842
S3226 Dehydroabietic acid Dehydroabietic acid (DAA, DHAA), a naturally occurring diterpene resin acid derived from coniferous plants such as Pinus and Picea, displays anti-inflammatory activity via suppression of Src-, Syk-, and TAK1-mediated pathways.
S3261 Myrislignan Myrislignan, a lignan isolated from Myristica fragrans Houtt, possesses anti-inflammatory activities. Myrislignan inhibits interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). Myrislignan significantly inhibits the expressions of inducible NO synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) dose-dependently in LPS-stimulated macrophage cells. Myrislignan inhibits the NF-κB signalling pathway activation.
S3308 Caftaric acid Caftaric acid (CA, Caffeoyl tartaric acid) is a natural product that shows anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects.
S3711 Carbasalate Calcium Carbasalate calcium (Iromin, Alcacyl, Omegin, Rheomin, Solupsan) is an analgesic, antipyretic, and anti-inflammatory drug as well as a platelet aggregation inhibitor.
S4157 Chloroquine diphosphate Chloroquine diphosphate is a 4-aminoquinoline anti-malarial and anti-rheumatoid agent, also acting as an ATM activator. Chloroquine is also an inhibitor of toll-like receptors (TLRs).
Bone, 2022, 154:116262
Cancer Cell, 2021, S1535-6108(21)00659-0
Gut, 2021, 70(5):890-899
S4303 9-Aminoacridine 9-Aminoacridine (Aminacrine) is a highly fluorescent dye used clinically as a topical antiseptic and experimentally as a mutagen, an intracellular pH indicator and a negative mode small molecule MALDI matrix.
S4417 Ceftaroline Fosamil

Ceftaroline fosamil (CX-0903, DSP-5990, PPI-0903, TAK-599, Teflaro, Zinforo) is a cephalosporin with activity against Gram-positive pathogens, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).
S4430 Hydroxychloroquine Sulfate (NSC 4375) Hydroxychloroquine Sulfate (NSC 4375, HCQ) is an antimalarial agent used for the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis and other autoimmune, inflammatory and dermatologic conditions. Also acts as an inhibitor of autophagy and toll-like receptor (TLR) 7/9.
Autophagy, 2021, 1-14
EMBO Mol Med, 2021, 13(9):e13193
Cell Rep, 2021, 35(1):108940
S4515 Ademetionine disulfate tosylate Ademetionine Disulfate Tosylate is the disulfate-tosylate mixed salt of a mixture of diastereoisomers of the ademetionine ions. Ademetionine possesses anti-inflammatory activity and has been used in treatment of chronic liver disease.
S4549 Antimonyl potassium tartrate trihydrate Antimonyl potassium tartrate trihydrate (Tartar emetic) is a powerful emetic, also used in the treatment of schistosomiasis and leishmaniasis.
S4945New Ethacridine lactate Ethacridine lactate (Acrinol) is an aromatic organic compound based on acridine used as an antiseptic agent. Ethacridine lactate is also a poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase (PARG) inhibitor.
S4946 2,3-Dihydroxybenzoic acid 2,3-Dihydroxybenzoic acid (Pyrocatechuic acid, 3-Hydroxysalicylic acid, Hypogallic acid) is a natural phenol found in Phyllanthus acidus and in the aquatic fern Salvinia molesta, also a product of human aspirin metabolism. It is a potentially useful iron-chelating drug and has antimicrobial properties.
S5001 Tofacitinib (CP-690550) Citrate Tofacitinib citrate (CP-690550, Tasocitinib) is a novel inhibitor of JAK with IC50 of 1 nM, 20 nM and 112 nM against JAK3, JAK2, and JAK1, respectively. Tofacitinib citrate has anti-infection activity.
Nat Commun, 2021, 12(1):5183
Cancer Res, 2021, canres.2125.2020
Cell Rep, 2021, 34(3):108627
S5927 Proguanil Proguanil (chlorguanide, chloroguanide) is a prophylactic antimalarial drug. It inhibits the dihydrofolate reductase of plasmodia and thereby blocks the biosynthesis of purines and pyrimidines, which are essential for DNA synthesis and cell multiplication.
Sci Adv, 2021, 7(27)eabh3032
S5967New Berberine chloride hydrate Berberine (Natural Yellow 18) chloride hydrate is a quaternary ammonium salt from the group of isoquinoline alkaloids. Berberine activates caspase 3 and caspase 8, cleavage of poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) and the release of cytochrome c. Berberine chloride decreases the expression of c-IAP1, Bcl-2 and Bcl-XL. Berberine chloride induces apoptosis with sustained phosphorylation of JNK and p38 MAPK, as well as generation of the ROS. Berberine chloride is a dual topoisomerase I and II inhibitor. Berberine chloride is also a potential autophagy modulator.
Front Pharmacol, 2021, 12:632201
S6771 MAC-545496 MAC-545496 is a nanomolar glycopeptide-resistance-associated protein R(GraR) inhibitor with strong binding affinity to the full-length GraR protein (Kd ≤ 0.1 nM). MAC-545496 can reverse β-lactam resistance in methicillin-resistant strains and synergize with CAMPs. MAC-545496 shows remarkable activity in macrophages and attenuates S. aureus virulence in a G. mellonella larvae infection model.
S6802 Etosalamide Etosalamide (Ethosalamide) is an anti-inflammatory drug with antipyretic and analgesics properties.
S7465 FTI 277 HCl FTI 277 HCl is the methyl ester of FTI 277, which is a potent and selective farnesyltransferase (FTase) inhibitor with IC50 of 500 pM, about 100-fold selectivity over the closely related GGTase I. FTI 277 HCl inhibits cell growth and induces apoptosis. FTI 277 HCl is effective in clearing HDV viremia.
PLoS Biol, 2021, 19(4):e3001134
Cell Struct Funct, 2021, 46(1):1-9
Nat Commun, 2019, 10(1):273
S7867 Oleuropein Oleuropein is an antioxidant polyphenol isolated from olive leaf. Oleuropein exerts antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-atherogenic effects and suppresses the adipocyte differentiation in vitro. Oleuropein inhibits PPARγ activity. Oleuropein exerts anti-adipogenic effect through direct inhibition of PPARγ transcriptional activity. Oleuropein also inhibits aromatase. Oleuropein induces apoptosis. Phase 2.
J Med Virol, 2019, 91(8):1440-1447
S8068 Chaetocin Chaetocin, a natural product from Chaetomium species, is a histone methyltransferase inhibitor with IC50 of 0.8 μM, 2.5 μM and 3 μM for dSU(VAR)3-9, mouse G9a and Neurospora crassa DIM5, respectively. Chaetocin is an anticancer agent and inhibitor of thioredoxin reductase (TrxR).
Free Radic Biol Med, 2021, 178:147-160
Cancer Discov, 2021, candisc.0872.2020
Stem Cells Int, 2021, 2021:8888416
S8279 Shikonin (C.I. 75535) Shikonin (C.I. 75535, Anchusin, Anchusa acid, Alkanna Red, Isoarnebin 4, NSC 252844), a potent and specific Pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) inhibitor, is a major component of zicao (purple gromwell, the dried root of Lithospermum erythrorhizon), a Chinese herbal medicine with various biological activities. It is also an inhibitor of TMEM16A chloride channel activity using cell-based fluorescent-quenching assay. Shikonin exerts an anti-inflammatory effect by inhibiting tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and prevents activation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway via proteasome inhibition.
J Cancer, 2021, 12(1):76-88
Cancer Sci, 2021, 112(9):3507-3519
J Cell Mol Med, 2021, 10.1111/jcmm.17007
S9341 3,4-Dimethoxycinnamic acid 3,4-Dimethoxycinnamic acid (Caffeic acid dimethyl ether) is a bioavailable coffee component as a perspective anti-prion compound and bind potently to prion protein with a Kd of 405 nM.
S5184New Dexamethasone palmitate Dexamethasone palmitate (DXP), a lipophilic prodrug of Dexamethasone (DXM), is a glucocorticoid receptor agonist with a 47-fold lower affinity for the glucocorticoid receptor than DXM. Dexamethasone palmitate (DXP) exhibits anti-inflammatory activity.
S3269 Acetylcorynoline Acetylcorynoline, a major alkaloid component derived from Corydalis bungeana which is a traditional Chinese medical herb, shows anti-inflammatory properties. Acetylcorynoline may decrease egl-1 expression to suppress apoptosis pathways and increase rpn5 expression to enhance the activity of proteasomes.
S3270 Genipin 1-O-beta-D-gentiobioside Genipin 1-O-beta-D-gentiobioside (GG, Genipin 1-β-D-gentiobioside, Genipin 1-gentiobioside, Genipin 1-β-gentiobioside, Genipin gentiobioside) is a bioactive iridoid glycoside isolated from Gardenia jasminoides Ellis (Zhizi in Chinese) that exhibits hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antithrombotic activities.
S3279 Polyphyllin B (Formosanin C) Polyphyllin B (Formosanin C, FC), a diosgenin saponin isolated from Paris formosana, is an immunomodulator with antitumor activity. Polyphyllin B (Formosanin C, FC) induces apoptosis.
Oncol Lett, 2021, 22(1):550
P1201 LL37 (Human cathelicidin) LL37 (Human cathelicidin, Ropocamptide) is a cathelicidin-related antimicrobial peptide with potent chemotactic and immunomodulatory properties.
S0146 Broxaldine Broxaldine (Brobenzoxaldine, AL307) is an antiprotozoal drug and can be used in leprosy.
S0443 Desciclovir Desciclovir (DCV, 6-Deoxyacyclovir, BW A515U) is a prodrug of the antiherpetic agent acyclovir (ACV) that converted into ACV by xanthine oxidase in humans.
S1282 Artemisinin Artemisinin (Qinghaosu, Artemisinine) is a sesquiterpene endoperoxide which is a potent antimalarial agent.
Front Immunol, 2021, 12:634368
Int Immunopharmacol, 2021, 95:107541
Antiviral Res, 2020, 29:104810
S1644 Nitrofural Nitrofural (Nitrofurazone) is a topical anti-infective agent with an IC50 of 22.83 ± 1.2 μM. (Rat LD50 = 590 mg/kg)
S1962 Sulphadimethoxine Sulphadimethoxine is a non-reducing glucuronide.
S2264 Artemether Artemether (SM-224, CGP 56696) is an antimalarial for the treatment of resistant strains of falciparum malaria.
Sci Rep, 2021, 11(1):14571
Hum Cell, 2021, 10.1007/s13577-021-00579-z
Hum Cell, 2021, 10.1007/s13577-021-00639-4
S2271 Berberine chloride (NSC 646666) Berberine chloride (NSC 646666, Natural Yellow 18) is a quaternary ammonium salt from the group of isoquinoline alkaloids. Berberine activates caspase 3 and caspase 8, cleavage of poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) and the release of cytochrome c. Berberine chloride decreases the expression of c-IAP1, Bcl-2 and Bcl-XL. Berberine chloride induces apoptosis with sustained phosphorylation of JNK and p38 MAPK, as well as generation of the ROS. Berberine chloride is a dual topoisomerase I and II inhibitor. Berberine chloride is also a potential autophagy modulator.
Front Pharmacol, 2021, 12:632201
Molecules, 2021, 26(5)1210
Biology (Basel), 2021, 10(3)250
S2282 Cinchonidine Cinchonidine is an alkaloid used in asymmetric synthesis in organic chemistry.
J Med Virol, 2019, 91(8):1440-1447
S2395 Rheochrysidin Rheochrysidin (Physcione) is an anthraquinone from roots of Rheum officinale Baill.
ACS Chem Biol, 2015, 10.1021/cb5009487
S2469 Fleroxacin Fleroxacin (Ro 23-6240, AM-833) is a new broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone.
S2479 Lincomycin HCl Lincomycin hydrochloride (Lincocin, NSC 70731) is the monohydrated salt of lincomycin, a substance produced by the growth of a member of the lincolnensis group of Streptomyces lincolnensis.
Hum Cell, 2021, 10.1007/s13577-021-00639-4
Hum Cell, 2021, 10.1007/s13577-021-00579-z
Cancer Cell Int, 2020, 19;20:58
S2511 Sulfadoxine Sulfadoxine (Sulphadoxine) is an ultra-long-lasting sulfonamide with an IC50 of 249 μg/ml for P. vivax.
S2537 Secnidazole Secnidazole (Flagentyl, PM 185184, RP 14539) is a nitroimidazole anti-infective.
S2564 Cloxacillin Sodium Cloxacillin Sodium is a sodium salt of cloxacillin that is a penicillinase-resistant, acid resistant, semi-synthetic penicillin.
S2612 Ribitol Ribitol (Adonitol) is a crystalline pentose alcohol and is formed by the reduction of ribose which is occurs naturally in the plant Adonis vernalis.
S2613 Clorsulon Clorsulon (MK-401) is used in the treatment of Fasciola hepatica infections in calves and sheep.
Hum Cell, 2021, 10.1007/s13577-021-00579-z
Hum Cell, 2021, 10.1007/s13577-021-00639-4
Cancer Cell Int, 2020, 19;20:58
S3067 Chlorhexidine 2HCl Chlorhexidine hydrochloride (NSC-185) is an antiseptic effective against a wide variety of gram-negative and gram-positive organisms.
BMC Microbiol, 2020, 20(1):275
S3116 Sulfathiazole Sulfathiazole is an organosulfur compound that has been used as a short-acting sulfa drug.
S3139 Methenamine Methenamine is an antibiotic used for the treatment of urinary tract infection.
S3210 3'-Hydroxy-4'-methoxyacetophenone 3'-Hydroxy-4'-methoxyacetophenone (Acetoisovanillone, Isoacetovanillone, Diosmin EP Impurity A) is an active P. spinosa extract with anti-inflammatory potential.
S3218 Amiloxate Amiloxate (Amiloxiate, Isoamyl Methoxycinnamate, Isopentyl 4-methoxycinnamate, Isoamyl 4-methoxycinnamate, Isoamyl p-methoxycinnamate, Isopentyl p-methoxycinnamate) is EMA-approved chemical UV-filter used in cosmetics. Amiloxate is a cinnamic acid derivative with anti-inflammatory activity.
S3220 Trigonelline Trigonelline (Trigenolline) is a plant alkaloid and a major component of coffee and fenugreek with anti-degranulation, anti-diabetic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective effects. Trigonelline inhibits FcεRI-mediated intracellular signaling pathways, such as phosphorylation of PLCγ1, PI3K, and Akt. Trigonelline (Trigenolline) also inhibits the microtubule formation in RBL-2H3 cells.
Biomed Pharmacother, 2021, 143:112204
S3288 Absinthin Absinthin (Absynthine) is a naturally produced triterpene lactone from Artemisia absinthium with anti-inflammatory properties. Absinthin significantly enhances the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8) and is a possible treatment candidate for Acute lung injury (ALI).
S3364 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid

3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid (3-HPAA) is a phenolic acid mostly found in olive oil wastewater and an intestinal metabolite of the dietary flavonoid quercetin. 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid exhibits antimicrobial properties.
S3618 Acetylspiramycin (ASPM) Acetylspiramycin (ASPM, Spiramycin II, Foromacidin B) is a macrolide antimicrobial agent.
S3649 Ceftazidime Ceftazidime is a third-generation cephalosporin that has activity against Gram-negative bacilli, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
S3695 Cystamine dihydrochloride Cystamine dihydrochloride (Decarboxycystine, 2-Aminoethyl disulfide, 2,2'-Dithiobisethanamine) acts as an anti-infective agent, which is used in the treatment of urinary tract infections and also as a radiation-protective agent that interferes with sulfhydryl enzymes.
S3746 Lumefantrine Lumefantrine (benflumetol) is an antimalarial agent used to treat acute uncomplicated malaria.
Antimicrob Agents Chemother, 2021, AAC.02137-20
ACS Infect Dis, 2020, 10.1021/acsinfecdis.0c00522
S3787 Picroside I Picroside I (6'-Cinnamoylcatalpol), an iridoid glycoside, is a hepatoprotective agent which is reported to be antimicrobial and used against hepatitis B.
S3801 Sodium Houttuyfonate Sodium Houttuyfonate, the active compound of the Houttuynia plant, is mainly used for treating purulent skin infections, respiratory tract infections, including pneumonia in elderly patients, and chronic bronchitis.
S3941 Pinocembrin Pinocembrin (Dihydrochrysin, Galangin flavanone, 5,7-Dihydroxyflavanone) is a major flavonoid molecule incorporated as multifunctional in the pharmaceutical industry. Its vast range of pharmacological activities has been well researched including antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer activities.
J Neuroinflammation, 2020, 17(1):337
S3978 5-Phenyl-2,4-pentadienoic acid 5-Phenyl-2,4-pentadienoic acid (5-Phenylpenta-2,4-dienoic acid) is used as Synthetic building block, anti-malarial agent.
S4041 Olsalazine Sodium Olsalazine Sodium is an anti-inflammatory prodrug, which consists of two 5-ASA moieties linked by an azo bond.
Oncotarget, 2017, 8(1):228-237
S4062 Ronidazole Ronidazole is an antiprotozoal agent.
S4081 Sulfacetamide Sodium Sulfacetamide Sodium is an anti-biotic.
G3 (Bethesda), 2020, 4;10(5):1585-1597
S4142 Clopidol Clopidol (WR 61112) is an antiprotozoal agent.
S4147 Azithromycin Dihydrate Azithromycin Dihydrate is an acid stable orally administered macrolide antimicrobial drug, structurally related to erythromycin.
PLoS Comput Biol, 2020, 16(12):e1008489
bioRxiv, 2020, 2020.10.02.324228
Adv Ther (Weinh), 2020, 2000034
S4172 Cetylpyridinium Chloride Cetylpyridinium chloride is a cationic quaternary ammonium compound used as oropharyngeal antiseptic.
S4175 Sulfaguanidine Sulfaguanidine is a sulfonamide used as an anti-infective agent.
S4191 Betamipron Betamipron (CS-443) is a chemical compound which is used together with panipenem to inhibit panipenem uptake into the renal tubule and prevent nephrotoxicity.
S4192 Chlorquinaldol Chlorquinaldol is an antimicrobial agent used for local antisepsy.
S4195 Broxyquinoline Broxyquinoline is an antiprotozoal agent and able to release oxygen free radicals from the water in mucous membranes.
S4196 Ethacridine lactate monohydrate Ethacridine lactate monohydrate is an aromatic organic compound based on acridine used as an antiseptic agent.
Carcinogenesis, 2014, 35(12):2822-30
S4232 Nithiamide Nithiamide (CL 5279) is a non-5-nitroimidazole drugs.
S4236 Proflavine Hemisulfate Proflavine Hemisulfate is a topical antiseptic by interchelating DNA, thereby disrupting DNA synthesis and leading to high levels of mutation in the copied DNA strands.
S4237 Primaquine Diphosphate Primaquine Diphosphate is a transmission-blocking anti-malarial clinically available, displaying a marked activity against gametocytes of all species of human malaria.
Front Pharmacol, 2021, 12:695009
Cell Syst, 2019, 8(2):97-108
S4242 Cetrimonium Bromide (CTAB) Cetrimonium Bromide (CTAB) is a known component of the broad-spectrum antiseptic cetrimide, which is a mixture of different quaternary ammonium salts.
Biochem Cell Biol, 2021, 10.1139/bcb-2020-0570
Micromachines (Basel), 2018, 9(6)
S4250 Sulfamethoxypyridazine Sulfamethoxypyridazine (CL 13494) is a long-acting sulfonamide for treatment of Dermatitis herpetiformis.
S4420 Mefloquine HCl Mefloquine HCl is a blood schizonticide by inhibiting hemozoin formation, used as an antimalarial drug.
Mol Med Rep, 2021, 23(1)40
bioRxiv, 2020, 2020/9/20.4.7.30734
Int J Parasitol Drugs Drug Resist, 2018, 8(2):331-340
S4521 DEET DEET (N,N-Diethyl-meta-toluamide, diethyltoluamide) is a commen active ingredient insect repellent.
S4555 Carsalam Carsalam (Carbonylsalicylamide) is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug.
S4573 m-Tolyl acetate m-Tolyl acetate is a pharmaceutical intermediate and antiseptic.
S4579 Resorcinol Resorcinol is a chemical compound that serves as an antiseptic,an disinfectant, and a chemical intermediate for the production of many other pharmaceuticals.
S4592 Captisol (SBE-β-CD) Captisol (SBE-β-CD, Sulfobutylether-β-Cyclodextrin) is a novel, chemically modified cyclodextrin with a structure designed to optimize the solubility and stability of drugs.
Cell, 2021, S0092-8674(21)00690-5
Nat Biomed Eng, 2021, 10.1038/s41551-021-00718-9
Cell Rep, 2021, 34(11):108870
S4678 Povidone iodine Povidone iodine (Betadine, PVP iodine, PVP-I, Isodine) is a stable chemical complex of polyvinylpyrrolidone (povidone, PVP) and elemental iodine. It is used as topical antiseptic in surgery and for skin and mucous membrane infections, also as aerosol.
S4726 Lauric Acid Lauric Acid (dodecanoic acid, N-Dodecanoic acid, Dodecylic acid) is a saturated medium-chain fatty acid with a 12-carbon backbone. Lauric acid is found naturally in various plant and animal fats and oils, and is a major component of coconut oil and palm kernel oil.
S4759 p-Coumaric Acid p-Coumaric acid (4-Hydroxycinnamic acid, P-Hydroxycinnamic acid, 4-Coumaric acid, Trans-p-Coumaric acid, para-Coumaric Acid) is a hydroxy derivative of cinnamic acid found in a variety of edible plants and is reported to have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial activity.
Exp Ther Med, 2021, 21(5):503
J Nutr Biochem, 2015, 26(11):1379-84
S4971 Buparvaquone Buparvaquone (Butalex) is a second-generation hydroxynaphthoquinone related to parvaquone, with novel features that make it a promising compound for the therapy and prophylaxis of all forms of theileriosis.
S5005 Cefotiam hydrochloride Cefotiam hydrochloride (Halospor, Pansporin, Pansporine) is the hydrochloride salt form of cefotiam and has a broad spectrum of activity against both gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms.
S5096 SulfadiMethoxine sodium Sulfadimethoxine (Sulfadimethoxydiazine) is a long-lasting sulfonamide antimicrobial agent used to treat many infections including treatment of respiratory, urinary tract, enteric, and soft tissue infections.
Cell Death Dis, 2018, 9(6):646
S5099 4-Aminophenylarsonic acid 4-Aminophenylarsonic acid (Arsanilic Acid) is an organoarsenic compound with activity as an anti-infective agent.
S5210 Sulfamethazine Sodium Salt Sulfamethazine (Sulfadimethyldiazine) is a sulfanilamide anti-infective agent used in the lifestock industry.
S5212 Imidazolidinyl Urea Imidazolidinyl Urea (Imidurea) is an antimicrobial agent used as preservative in cosmetics.
S5214 Imidocarb dipropionate Imidocarb is an antiprotozoal agent, used as dipropionate in the treatment of babesiosis and ehrlichiosis.
Nat Commun, 2017, 8(1):823
S5292 Diazolidinyl urea Diazolidinyl urea (Germall II) is an antimicrobial preservative used in cosmetics.
S5355 Piperaquine phosphate Piperaquine phosphate is an orally active bisquinolone antimalarial drug.
S5366 Fipronil Fipronil (Fluocyanobenpyrazole, Termidor) is a recalcitrant phenylpyrazole-based pesticide used for flea/tick treatment and termite control that is distributed in urban aquatic environments via stormwater and contributes to stream toxicity.
S5390 N-(Hytroxymethy)micotinamide N-(Hydroxymethyl)nicotinamide (Nikomethamide, Bilamid, N-hydroxymethylnicotinamide) is an antimicrobial agent.
S5397 Chlorhexidine Chlorhexidine is a disinfectant and topical anti-infective agent that is active against Gram-positive and Gram-negative organisms, facultative anaerobes, aerobes, and yeasts.
J Cell Mol Med, 2021, 10.1111/jcmm.16673
BMC Microbiol, 2020, 20(1):275
S5405 Propylparaben Propylparaben (Propyl 4-hydroxybenzoate, Propyl p-hydroxybenzoate, nipasol), a natural substance found in many plants and some insects, is an antimicrobial, preservative and flavouring agent.
S5475 Novaluron Novaluron (Rimon) belongs to the class of insecticides called insect growth regulators with pesticide properties.
S5700 Phthalylsulfathiazole Phthalylsulfathiazole (Sulfathalidine) is a broad-spectrum antimicrobial that can treat different types of infections including intestinal.
S5757 Isoeugenol Isoeugenol (4-Propenylguaiacol), an essential oil constituent of nutmeg, clove, and cinnamon, shows antimicrobial activity.
S5887 Khellin Khellin (Methafrone, Visammin, Ammivisnagen, Khellinorm, Medekellin, Viscardan, Kalangin), a compound isolated from the seeds of Ammi Visnaga Lam (Umbelliferae), is used to treat a variety of maladies.
S5908 Garenoxacin Garenoxacin (T-3811ME, BMS-284756) is a novel des-F(6) quinolone that has been shown to be effective in vitro against a wide range of clinically important pathogens, including gram-positive and gram-negative aerobes and anaerobes.
S5961New Prednisolone disodium phosphate Prednisolone disodium phosphate (Hydeltrasol, Prednisolone 21-phosphate disodium) is a synthetic glucocorticoid with anti-inflammatory and immunomodulating properties that exerts late mitogenic and biphasic effects on resistant acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells.
J Immunotoxicol, 2021, 18(1):154-162
Eur J Rheumatol, 2021, 10.5152/eurjrheum.2021.20054
S5963New Sulfathiazole sodium Sulfathiazole sodium, an antimicrobial agent, is an organosulfur compound that has been used as a short-acting sulfa drug.
S6019 2-Phenylphenol 2-Phenylphenol, found in lemon, is an antifungal agent and preservative used in food seasonings.
S6136 (±)-α-Bisabolol α-bisabolol is a small, plant-derived, oily sesquiterpene alcohol with some anti-inflammatory and even anti-microbial properties.
S6173 Amylmetacresol Amylmetacresol is an antiseptic used to treat infections of the mouth and throat.
S6185 Arachidonic acid Arachidonic acid (Arachidonate) is an unsaturated, essential fatty acid found in animal and human fat as well as in the liver, brain, and glandular organs. It is a precursor in the biosynthesis of prostaglandins, thromboxanes, and leukotrienes.
S6243 Ethyl pyruvate Ethyl pyruvate (CTI-01) is a simple aliphatic ester of pyruvic acid and has been shown to have robust neuroprotective effects via its anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative, and anti-apoptotic functions.
S6288 Chlorhexidine diacetate Chlorhexidine diacetate (Hibitane diacetate) is a disinfectant and topical anti-infective agent used also as mouthwash to prevent oral plaque.
BMC Microbiol, 2020, 20(1):275
S6442 Chlorphenesin Chlorphenesin is a synthetic preservative used in skin care as a cosmetic biocide.
S6459 Nifurtimox Nifurtimox (BAY-2502) is an antiprotozoal agent.
S6461 Permethrin Permethrin is a synthetic Type I pyrethroidal neurotoxic pesticide that has been responsible for accidental animal deaths.
S6761 Dalfopristin Dalfopristin (RP54476) is a semi-synthetic analogue of ostreogyrcin A. Quinupristin/dalfopristin (Q/D) is a parental streptogramin with a spectrum of activity that includes Gram-positive pathogens, including those resistant to other classes of antimicrobial compounds.
S7411 Ascomycin (FK520) Ascomycin (FK520, FR 900520, Immunomycin), an FK-506 analog, is a neutral macrolide immunosuppressant, which prevents rejection after an organ transplant. Phase 3.
Melanoma Res, 2020, 30(4):325-335
Virol Sin, 2019, 34(6):648-661
S7896 Sodium Tauroursodeoxycholate (TUDC) Sodium Tauroursodeoxycholate (TUDC) is a water soluble bile salt, used for the treatment of gallstones and liver cirrhosis.
Microbiome, 2019, 7(1):145
Int J Biol Sci, 2019, 15(9):1905-1920
EBioMedicine, 2018, 37:269-280
S9016 Dipsacoside B Dipsacoside B, extracted from the flowerbuds of Lonicera confusa DC, shows strong antimicrobial activity.
S9084 Rhoifolin Rhoifolin (Rhoifoloside, Apigenin 7-O-neohesperidoside, Apigenin-7-O-rhamnoglucoside), a natural glycoside of apigenin, has been obtained from the green leaves of Rhus succedanea and possesses a variety of significant biological activities including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, hepatoprotective and anticancer effects.
S9094 Pogostone Pogostone is one of the secondary metabolites from Pogostemon cablin (Blanco) Benth. (Lamiaceae), serving as the effective component of the antimicrobial activity.
J Ethnopharmacol, 2021, 278:114250
S9112 Kaempferitrin Kaempferitrin (Lespenefril, Lespedin, Lespenephryl, Kaempferol 3,7-dirhamnoside), isolated from the leaves of Hedyotis verticillata and from Onychium japonicum, has antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities.
S9113 Ononin Ononin (Formononetin glucoside, Formononetin 7-O-glucoside) is an isoflavone glycoside with anti-inflammtory effects.
S9131 Punicalagin Punicalagin, a major ellagitannin found in pomegranate extracts, has been shown to have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer effects.
Cell, 2020, 30;181(3):637-652.e15.
Cell, 2020, 30;181(3):637-652e15
S9185 Nitidine Chloride Nitidine Chloride, a benzophenanthridine alkaloid found in species of the genus Zanthoxylum, has an anti-malarial activity.
Int Immunopharmacol, 2021, 101(Pt A):108273
Front Cell Neurosci, 2020, 14:216
S9342 1,4-Naphthoquinone 1,4-Naphthoquinone (α-Naphthoquinone, para-naphthoquinone, P-Naphthoquinone), found in diesel exhaust particles and it is an active metabolite of naphthalene, is a fumigant insecticide.
S9387 Maackiain Maackiain (Demethylpterocarpin) is a pterocarpan that is widely distributed in leguminous plants. It has anticancer and antimicrobial effects.
S9560 Anisodamine Hydrobromide Anisodamine (6-Hydroxyhyoscyamine) is a naturally occurring atropine derivative and exhibits anti-inflammatory activity. It also inhibits α1-adrenergic receptors and muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChRs).
S9564 p-Hydroxy-cinnamic Acid p-Hydroxy-cinnamic Acid has in vitro antimalarial activity and in vivo anti-osteoporotic properties.
S1553 Delafloxacin (ABT-492) Delafloxacin (ABT-492, RX-3341, WQ-3034) is a new fluoroquinolone against 155 aerobic and 171 anaerobic pathogens.
S1958 Sulbactam Sulbactam is a beta-lactamase inhibitor with an average IC50 of 0.8 μM.
S2430 Azodicarbonamide Azodicarbonamide is the first known nucleocapsid inhibitor that inhibits HIV-1 and a broad range of retroviruses by targeting the nucleocapsid CCHC domains. Azodicarbonamide inhibits the HIV-1RF-induced cytopathicity of CEM-SS cells with an EC50 of 38 µM in a standard cell-based antiviral assay .
S2572 Streptomycin sulfate Streptomycin sulfate is a sulfate salt of streptomycin that is a protein synthesis inhibitor.
Front Microbiol, 2021, 12:761113
Life Sci, 2021, 282:119798
Biosci Rep, 2021, BSR20200842
S3226 Dehydroabietic acid Dehydroabietic acid (DAA, DHAA), a naturally occurring diterpene resin acid derived from coniferous plants such as Pinus and Picea, displays anti-inflammatory activity via suppression of Src-, Syk-, and TAK1-mediated pathways.
S3261 Myrislignan Myrislignan, a lignan isolated from Myristica fragrans Houtt, possesses anti-inflammatory activities. Myrislignan inhibits interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). Myrislignan significantly inhibits the expressions of inducible NO synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) dose-dependently in LPS-stimulated macrophage cells. Myrislignan inhibits the NF-κB signalling pathway activation.
S3308 Caftaric acid Caftaric acid (CA, Caffeoyl tartaric acid) is a natural product that shows anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects.
S3711 Carbasalate Calcium Carbasalate calcium (Iromin, Alcacyl, Omegin, Rheomin, Solupsan) is an analgesic, antipyretic, and anti-inflammatory drug as well as a platelet aggregation inhibitor.
S4157 Chloroquine diphosphate Chloroquine diphosphate is a 4-aminoquinoline anti-malarial and anti-rheumatoid agent, also acting as an ATM activator. Chloroquine is also an inhibitor of toll-like receptors (TLRs).
Bone, 2022, 154:116262
Cancer Cell, 2021, S1535-6108(21)00659-0
Gut, 2021, 70(5):890-899
S4303 9-Aminoacridine 9-Aminoacridine (Aminacrine) is a highly fluorescent dye used clinically as a topical antiseptic and experimentally as a mutagen, an intracellular pH indicator and a negative mode small molecule MALDI matrix.
S4417 Ceftaroline Fosamil

Ceftaroline fosamil (CX-0903, DSP-5990, PPI-0903, TAK-599, Teflaro, Zinforo) is a cephalosporin with activity against Gram-positive pathogens, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).
S4430 Hydroxychloroquine Sulfate (NSC 4375) Hydroxychloroquine Sulfate (NSC 4375, HCQ) is an antimalarial agent used for the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis and other autoimmune, inflammatory and dermatologic conditions. Also acts as an inhibitor of autophagy and toll-like receptor (TLR) 7/9.
Autophagy, 2021, 1-14
EMBO Mol Med, 2021, 13(9):e13193
Cell Rep, 2021, 35(1):108940
S4515 Ademetionine disulfate tosylate Ademetionine Disulfate Tosylate is the disulfate-tosylate mixed salt of a mixture of diastereoisomers of the ademetionine ions. Ademetionine possesses anti-inflammatory activity and has been used in treatment of chronic liver disease.
S4549 Antimonyl potassium tartrate trihydrate Antimonyl potassium tartrate trihydrate (Tartar emetic) is a powerful emetic, also used in the treatment of schistosomiasis and leishmaniasis.
S4945New Ethacridine lactate Ethacridine lactate (Acrinol) is an aromatic organic compound based on acridine used as an antiseptic agent. Ethacridine lactate is also a poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase (PARG) inhibitor.
S4946 2,3-Dihydroxybenzoic acid 2,3-Dihydroxybenzoic acid (Pyrocatechuic acid, 3-Hydroxysalicylic acid, Hypogallic acid) is a natural phenol found in Phyllanthus acidus and in the aquatic fern Salvinia molesta, also a product of human aspirin metabolism. It is a potentially useful iron-chelating drug and has antimicrobial properties.
S5001 Tofacitinib (CP-690550) Citrate Tofacitinib citrate (CP-690550, Tasocitinib) is a novel inhibitor of JAK with IC50 of 1 nM, 20 nM and 112 nM against JAK3, JAK2, and JAK1, respectively. Tofacitinib citrate has anti-infection activity.
Nat Commun, 2021, 12(1):5183
Cancer Res, 2021, canres.2125.2020
Cell Rep, 2021, 34(3):108627
S5927 Proguanil Proguanil (chlorguanide, chloroguanide) is a prophylactic antimalarial drug. It inhibits the dihydrofolate reductase of plasmodia and thereby blocks the biosynthesis of purines and pyrimidines, which are essential for DNA synthesis and cell multiplication.
Sci Adv, 2021, 7(27)eabh3032
S5967New Berberine chloride hydrate Berberine (Natural Yellow 18) chloride hydrate is a quaternary ammonium salt from the group of isoquinoline alkaloids. Berberine activates caspase 3 and caspase 8, cleavage of poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) and the release of cytochrome c. Berberine chloride decreases the expression of c-IAP1, Bcl-2 and Bcl-XL. Berberine chloride induces apoptosis with sustained phosphorylation of JNK and p38 MAPK, as well as generation of the ROS. Berberine chloride is a dual topoisomerase I and II inhibitor. Berberine chloride is also a potential autophagy modulator.
Front Pharmacol, 2021, 12:632201
S6771 MAC-545496 MAC-545496 is a nanomolar glycopeptide-resistance-associated protein R(GraR) inhibitor with strong binding affinity to the full-length GraR protein (Kd ≤ 0.1 nM). MAC-545496 can reverse β-lactam resistance in methicillin-resistant strains and synergize with CAMPs. MAC-545496 shows remarkable activity in macrophages and attenuates S. aureus virulence in a G. mellonella larvae infection model.
S6802 Etosalamide Etosalamide (Ethosalamide) is an anti-inflammatory drug with antipyretic and analgesics properties.
S7465 FTI 277 HCl FTI 277 HCl is the methyl ester of FTI 277, which is a potent and selective farnesyltransferase (FTase) inhibitor with IC50 of 500 pM, about 100-fold selectivity over the closely related GGTase I. FTI 277 HCl inhibits cell growth and induces apoptosis. FTI 277 HCl is effective in clearing HDV viremia.
PLoS Biol, 2021, 19(4):e3001134
Cell Struct Funct, 2021, 46(1):1-9
Nat Commun, 2019, 10(1):273
S7867 Oleuropein Oleuropein is an antioxidant polyphenol isolated from olive leaf. Oleuropein exerts antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-atherogenic effects and suppresses the adipocyte differentiation in vitro. Oleuropein inhibits PPARγ activity. Oleuropein exerts anti-adipogenic effect through direct inhibition of PPARγ transcriptional activity. Oleuropein also inhibits aromatase. Oleuropein induces apoptosis. Phase 2.
J Med Virol, 2019, 91(8):1440-1447
S8068 Chaetocin Chaetocin, a natural product from Chaetomium species, is a histone methyltransferase inhibitor with IC50 of 0.8 μM, 2.5 μM and 3 μM for dSU(VAR)3-9, mouse G9a and Neurospora crassa DIM5, respectively. Chaetocin is an anticancer agent and inhibitor of thioredoxin reductase (TrxR).
Free Radic Biol Med, 2021, 178:147-160
Cancer Discov, 2021, candisc.0872.2020
Stem Cells Int, 2021, 2021:8888416
S8279 Shikonin (C.I. 75535) Shikonin (C.I. 75535, Anchusin, Anchusa acid, Alkanna Red, Isoarnebin 4, NSC 252844), a potent and specific Pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) inhibitor, is a major component of zicao (purple gromwell, the dried root of Lithospermum erythrorhizon), a Chinese herbal medicine with various biological activities. It is also an inhibitor of TMEM16A chloride channel activity using cell-based fluorescent-quenching assay. Shikonin exerts an anti-inflammatory effect by inhibiting tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and prevents activation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway via proteasome inhibition.
J Cancer, 2021, 12(1):76-88
Cancer Sci, 2021, 112(9):3507-3519
J Cell Mol Med, 2021, 10.1111/jcmm.17007
S9341 3,4-Dimethoxycinnamic acid 3,4-Dimethoxycinnamic acid (Caffeic acid dimethyl ether) is a bioavailable coffee component as a perspective anti-prion compound and bind potently to prion protein with a Kd of 405 nM.
S5184New Dexamethasone palmitate Dexamethasone palmitate (DXP), a lipophilic prodrug of Dexamethasone (DXM), is a glucocorticoid receptor agonist with a 47-fold lower affinity for the glucocorticoid receptor than DXM. Dexamethasone palmitate (DXP) exhibits anti-inflammatory activity.
S3269 Acetylcorynoline Acetylcorynoline, a major alkaloid component derived from Corydalis bungeana which is a traditional Chinese medical herb, shows anti-inflammatory properties. Acetylcorynoline may decrease egl-1 expression to suppress apoptosis pathways and increase rpn5 expression to enhance the activity of proteasomes.
S3270 Genipin 1-O-beta-D-gentiobioside Genipin 1-O-beta-D-gentiobioside (GG, Genipin 1-β-D-gentiobioside, Genipin 1-gentiobioside, Genipin 1-β-gentiobioside, Genipin gentiobioside) is a bioactive iridoid glycoside isolated from Gardenia jasminoides Ellis (Zhizi in Chinese) that exhibits hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antithrombotic activities.
S3279 Polyphyllin B (Formosanin C) Polyphyllin B (Formosanin C, FC), a diosgenin saponin isolated from Paris formosana, is an immunomodulator with antitumor activity. Polyphyllin B (Formosanin C, FC) induces apoptosis.
Oncol Lett, 2021, 22(1):550
S4945New Ethacridine lactate Ethacridine lactate (Acrinol) is an aromatic organic compound based on acridine used as an antiseptic agent. Ethacridine lactate is also a poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase (PARG) inhibitor.
S5967New Berberine chloride hydrate Berberine (Natural Yellow 18) chloride hydrate is a quaternary ammonium salt from the group of isoquinoline alkaloids. Berberine activates caspase 3 and caspase 8, cleavage of poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) and the release of cytochrome c. Berberine chloride decreases the expression of c-IAP1, Bcl-2 and Bcl-XL. Berberine chloride induces apoptosis with sustained phosphorylation of JNK and p38 MAPK, as well as generation of the ROS. Berberine chloride is a dual topoisomerase I and II inhibitor. Berberine chloride is also a potential autophagy modulator.
Front Pharmacol, 2021, 12:632201
S5184New Dexamethasone palmitate Dexamethasone palmitate (DXP), a lipophilic prodrug of Dexamethasone (DXM), is a glucocorticoid receptor agonist with a 47-fold lower affinity for the glucocorticoid receptor than DXM. Dexamethasone palmitate (DXP) exhibits anti-inflammatory activity.
S5961New Prednisolone disodium phosphate Prednisolone disodium phosphate (Hydeltrasol, Prednisolone 21-phosphate disodium) is a synthetic glucocorticoid with anti-inflammatory and immunomodulating properties that exerts late mitogenic and biphasic effects on resistant acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells.
J Immunotoxicol, 2021, 18(1):154-162
Eur J Rheumatol, 2021, 10.5152/eurjrheum.2021.20054
S5963New Sulfathiazole sodium Sulfathiazole sodium, an antimicrobial agent, is an organosulfur compound that has been used as a short-acting sulfa drug.