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Phytosterols

Cat.No.S5150

Phytosterols, also called plant sterols or stanol esters, are specialized compounds found in plants that are structurally similar to cholesterol found in humans.
Phytosterols Chemical Structure

Chemical Structure

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Quality Control

Batch: S515001 4-Methylpyridine]28 mg/mL]false]DMSO]Insoluble]false]Water]Insoluble]false Purity: 98%
98

Solubility

In vitro
Batch:

4-Methylpyridine : 28 mg/mL

DMSO : Insoluble
(Moisture-contaminated DMSO may reduce solubility. Use fresh, anhydrous DMSO.)

Water : Insoluble

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In vivo
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Method for preparing DMSO master liquid: mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO ( Master liquid concentration mg/mL, Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug. )

Method for preparing in vivo formulation: Take μL DMSO master liquid, next addμL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O, mix and clarify.

Method for preparing in vivo formulation: Take μL DMSO master liquid, next add μL Corn oil, mix and clarify.

Note: 1. Please make sure the liquid is clear before adding the next solvent.
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Chemical Information, Storage & Stability

Molecular Weight Formula Storage (From the date of receipt)
CAS No. 949109-75-5 Download SDF Storage of Stock Solutions

Mechanism of Action

In vitro
Plant sterols or phytosterols are structurally similar to cholesterol and exist in several forms in plants, including β-sitosterol, campesterol, stigmasterol and cycloartenol. This compound can protect cells from damage by reactive oxygen species. It can promote cell apoptosis. The incorporation of this chemical into lipid rafts, altering their structure, may result in beneficial changes in signal transduction.
In vivo
Phytosterol and stanol (or phytosterols) consumption reduces intestinal cholesterol absorption, leading to decreased blood LDL-cholesterol levels and lowered cardiovascular disease risk. Recent studies suggest that this compound inhibits the production of carcinogens, cancer-cell growth, invasion and metastasis, and promote apoptosis of cancerous cells. It occurs naturally in plants either esterified with fatty acids in the cell membranes or in free form within the cells. After ingestion, it is emulsified by bile salts secreted into the small intestine to form micelles for digestion. After micelle formation, the esterified form is hydrolyzed to free phytosterols probably by cholesterol esterase and pancreatic lipase enzymes. Free phytosterols are then absorbed into enterocytes. In the enterocytes, these compounds become esterified to fatty acids by acyl-CoA cholesterol acyltransferases, and combined with cholesterol, triacylglycerol and apolipoproteins to form chylomicrons. The chylomicrons are secreted into the lymph and then transferred to the bloodstream, where they are transformed to chylomicron remnants after the uptake of triacylglycerol by cells and transported to the liver. In the liver, they may either be used for synthesis of bile salts or be incorporated into very low-density lipoproteins and be secreted into the blood, from where they are converted to low-density lipoproteins and presented to cells for uptake. In the tissues, they are incorporated into the cell membranes and have been found to be highly concentrated in the lungs, adrenal cortex, intestinal epithelia and ovaries.
References

Clinical Trial Information

(data from https://clinicaltrials.gov, updated on 2024-05-22)

NCT Number Recruitment Conditions Sponsor/Collaborators Start Date Phases
NCT03563222 Terminated
Malnutrition Child
Fresenius Kabi
 December 18 2019 Phase 4
NCT02065024 Completed
Hypercholesterolemia|Osteoporosis
Puerta de Hierro University Hospital
 March 2014 Phase 1
NCT02758834 Completed
Liver Diseases
Università Politecnica delle Marche
 January 2014 --
NCT02947594 Completed
Liver Disease
Università Politecnica delle Marche
 January 2014 --

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