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Quality Control

Batch: Purity: 99.47%

99.47

Related Targets	Dehydrogenase HSP Transferase P450 (e.g. CYP17) PDE phosphatase PPAR Vitamin Carbohydrate Metabolism Mitochondrial Metabolism
Other Glucokinase Inhibitors	LTI-291 Conduritol B epoxide n-Butylidenephthalide SF2312 Castanospermine Glucosylsphingosine RO-28-1675 Licochalcone C Palmitelaidic Acid AMG-3969

Solubility

In vitro
Batch:

DMSO : 100 mg/mL (158.43 mM)
(Moisture-contaminated DMSO may reduce solubility. Use fresh, anhydrous DMSO.)

Water : 100 mg/mL

Ethanol : 100 mg/mL

Molarity Calculator

Mass	Concentration	Volume	Molecular Weight
Mass value Mass unit	Concentration value Concentration unit	Volume value Volume unit	Molecular weight (g/mol)

Dilution Calculator Molecular Weight Calculator

In vivo batch selection In vivo Batch:
Homogeneous suspension	CMC-NA	≥5mg/ml	Taking the 1 mL working solution as an example, add 5 mg of this product to 1 ml of CMC-Na solution, mix evenly to obtain a homogeneous suspension with a final concentration of 5 mg/ml.
Homogeneous suspension	CMC-NA	≥5mg/ml	Taking the 1 mL working solution as an example, add 5 mg of this product to 1 ml of CMC-Na solution, mix evenly to obtain a homogeneous suspension with a final concentration of 5 mg/ml.
Clear solution	5%DMSO 1 40%PEG300 2 5%Tween80 3 50%ddH2O Validated by Selleck labs. Should you need adjustments to this formulation, contact our sales team for custom testing.	5.000mg/ml (7.92mM)	Taking the 1 mL working solution as an example, add 50 μL of 100 mg/ml clarified DMSO stock solution to 400 μL of PEG300, mix evenly to clarify it; add 50 μL of Tween80 to the above system, mix evenly to clarify; then continue to add 500 μL of ddH2O to adjust the volume to 1 mL. The mixed solution should be used immediately for optimal results.
Clear solution	5% DMSO 1 95% Corn oil Validated by Selleck labs. Should you need adjustments to this formulation, contact our sales team for custom testing.	5.000mg/ml (7.92mM)	Taking the 1 mL working solution as an example, add 50 μL of 100 mg/ml clear DMSO stock solution to 950 μL of corn oil and mix evenly. The mixed solution should be used immediately for optimal results.

In vivo Formulation Calculator (Clear solution)

Step 1: Enter information below (Recommended: An additional animal making an allowance for loss during the experiment)

Dosage: mg/kg

Average weight of animals: g

Dosing volume per animal: μL

Number of animals:

Step 2: Enter the in vivo formulation (This is only the calculator, not formulation. Please contact us first if there is no in vivo formulation at the solubility Section.)

% DMSO

%

% Tween 80

% ddH₂O

% DMSO

+

%

Calculation results:

Working concentration: mg/ml;

Method for preparing DMSO master liquid: mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO ( Master liquid concentration mg/mL, Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug. )

Method for preparing in vivo formulation: Take μL DMSO master liquid, next addμL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH₂O, mix and clarify.

Method for preparing in vivo formulation: Take μL DMSO master liquid, next add μL Corn oil, mix and clarify.

Note: 1. Please make sure the liquid is clear before adding the next solvent.
2. Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order. You must ensure that the solution obtained, in the previous addition, is a clear solution before proceeding to add the next solvent. Physical methods such
as vortex, ultrasound or hot water bath can be used to aid dissolving.

Chemical Information, Storage & Stability

Molecular Weight	631.18	Formula	C₃₁H₄₄ClFN₈O₃	Storage (From the date of receipt)	3 years-20°Cpowder
CAS No.	1177827-73-4	Download SDF		Storage of Stock Solutions	1 year-80°Cin solvent 1 month-20°Cin solvent
Synonyms	N/A			Smiles	C1CCC(CC1)CNC2=NC(=NC(=N2)NCC3=CC=C(C=C3)F)NC4=CC=C(C=C4)CC(=O)NCCOCCOCCN.Cl

Mechanism of Action

Targets/IC₅₀/Ki	enolase (Cell-free assay) 0.576 μM
In vitro	In HCT116 cells, AP-III-a4 (ENOblock) induces cell death under hypoxia and inhibits cancer cell migration and invasion by down-regulation of AKT and Bcl-xL expression. In Huh7 hepatocytes and HEK kidney cells, it also induces glucose uptake and inhibits phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) expression.
Kinase Assay	Enolase activity assay
Kinase Assay	Enolase activity is measured at 37°C by incubating pure enolase (3–9 U) in a buffer containing 50 mM imidazole-HCl (pH 6.8), 2.0 mM MgSO₄ and 400 mM KCl in the absence or presence of AP-III-a4 (ENOblock) or NaF. A single unit of enolase is defined as the amount of enzyme that produces 1 μmol of phosphoenol pyruvate from phospho-D-glycerate/min in standard assay. The reaction is initiated by adding 1 μmol of 2-phospho-D-glycerate, and the OD is measured after 10 min of reaction time with a spectrophometer at 240 nm.
In vivo	In a HCT116-xenotransplanted zebrafish tumor xenograft model, AP-III-a4 (ENOblock) (10 μM) inhibits cancer cell migration and invasion processes. In vivo, it also causes downregulation of PEPCK expression and induction of glucose uptake, and inhibits adipogenesis and foam cell formation.
References	[1] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23547795/

Applications

Methods	Biomarkers	Images	PMID
Western blot	p-AMPKα / AMPKα / p-ACC / ACC p-AKT / AKT / p-GSK3β / GSK3β / p-PRAS40 / PRAS40		30242159

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AP-III-a4 (ENOblock) Glucokinase inhibitor

Chemical Structure

Molecular Weight: 631.18