Sodium Valproate (Valproic acid sodium) | HDAC inhibitor | 20+ Citations | In Stock

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Quality Control

Batch: Purity: 99.82%

99.82

Related Targets	Adrenergic Receptor AChR 5-HT Receptor COX Calcium Channel Histamine Receptor Dopamine Receptor GABA Receptor TRP Channel Cholinesterase (ChE)
Other HDAC Inhibitors	ITF-2357 (Givinostat) Hydrochloride Monohydrate Fimepinostat (CUDC-907) Trichostatin A (TSA) Entinostat (MS-275) RGFP966 Quisinostat (JNJ-26481585) Dihydrochloride Tubastatin A Hydrochloride Tubastatin A Mocetinostat (MGCD0103) Ricolinostat (ACY-1215)

Cell Culture, Treatment & Working Concentration

Cell Lines	Assay Type	Concentration	Incubation Time	Activity Description	PMID
HEK293	Function assay	1 mM		Increase in protein disulfide isomerase level in HEK293 cells at 1 mM by immunoblot	17566732
HEK293	Function assay	1 mM		Increase in GRP78 protein level in HEK293 cells at 1 mM by immunoblot	17566732
A549	Function assay	150 uM	24 hrs	Inhibition of human HDAC in A549 cells assessed as increase in histone-H4 acetylation at 150 uM after 24 hrs by Western blot	18294844
GM15850	Function assay	400 uM	12 hrs	Inhibition of HDAC in human GM15850 cells assessed as increase in total acetylated histone level at 400 uM after 12 hrs by Western blot analysis	16921367
PC12	Function assay	1 uM	24 hrs	Induction of autophagy in rat stable inducible PC12 cells expressing A53T alpha-synuclein assessed as A53T alpha-synuclein clearance at 1 uM after 24 hrs by densitometric analysis	18391949
PC12	Function assay	1 uM	96 hrs	Induction of autophagy in rat stable inducible PC12 cells expressing EGFP-HDQ74 assessed as soluble EGFP-HDQ74 clearance at 1 uM after 96 hrs by densitometric analysis	18391949
SK-N-MC	Function assay	1 mM	48 hrs	Induction of autophagy in human SK-N-MC cells expressing EGFP-HDQ74 assessed as reduction in EGFP-HDQ74 aggregation at 1 uM after 48 hrs by densitometric analysis	18391949
HL60	Function assay	1 mM	24 hrs	Inhibition of HDAC in human HL60 cells assessed as increase in histone H3 acetylation at 1 mM after 24 hrs by Western blotting method	25304896
Click to View More Cell Line Experimental Data

Solubility

In vitro
Batch:

Water : 100 mg/mL

DMSO : 33 mg/mL (198.56 mM)
(Moisture-contaminated DMSO may reduce solubility. Use fresh, anhydrous DMSO.)

Ethanol : 33 mg/mL

Molarity Calculator

Mass	Concentration	Volume	Molecular Weight
Mass value Mass unit	Concentration value Concentration unit	Volume value Volume unit	Molecular weight (g/mol)

Dilution Calculator Molecular Weight Calculator

In vivo batch selection In vivo Batch:
Homogeneous suspension	CMC-NA	≥5mg/ml	Taking the 1 mL working solution as an example, add 5 mg of this product to 1 ml of CMC-Na solution, mix evenly to obtain a homogeneous suspension with a final concentration of 5 mg/ml.
Homogeneous suspension	CMC-NA	≥5mg/ml	Taking the 1 mL working solution as an example, add 5 mg of this product to 1 ml of CMC-Na solution, mix evenly to obtain a homogeneous suspension with a final concentration of 5 mg/ml.
Homogeneous suspension	CMC-NA	≥5mg/ml	Taking the 1 mL working solution as an example, add 5 mg of this product to 1 ml of CMC-Na solution, mix evenly to obtain a homogeneous suspension with a final concentration of 5 mg/ml.
	5%DMSO 1 40%PEG300 2 5%Tween80 3 50%ddH2O Validated by Selleck labs. Should you need adjustments to this formulation, contact our sales team for custom testing.	1.650mg/ml (9.93mM)
	5% DMSO 1 95% Corn oil Validated by Selleck labs. Should you need adjustments to this formulation, contact our sales team for custom testing.	1.650mg/ml (9.93mM)
Homogeneous suspension	CMC-NA	≥5mg/ml	Taking the 1 mL working solution as an example, add 5 mg of this product to 1 ml of CMC-Na solution, mix evenly to obtain a homogeneous suspension with a final concentration of 5 mg/ml.
Homogeneous suspension	CMC-NA	≥5mg/ml	Taking the 1 mL working solution as an example, add 5 mg of this product to 1 ml of CMC-Na solution, mix evenly to obtain a homogeneous suspension with a final concentration of 5 mg/ml.

In vivo Formulation Calculator (Clear solution)

Step 1: Enter information below (Recommended: An additional animal making an allowance for loss during the experiment)

Dosage: mg/kg

Average weight of animals: g

Dosing volume per animal: μL

Number of animals:

Step 2: Enter the in vivo formulation (This is only the calculator, not formulation. Please contact us first if there is no in vivo formulation at the solubility Section.)

% DMSO

%

% Tween 80

% ddH₂O

% DMSO

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Calculation results:

Working concentration: mg/ml;

Method for preparing DMSO master liquid: mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO ( Master liquid concentration mg/mL, Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug. )

Method for preparing in vivo formulation: Take μL DMSO master liquid, next addμL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH₂O, mix and clarify.

Method for preparing in vivo formulation: Take μL DMSO master liquid, next add μL Corn oil, mix and clarify.

Note: 1. Please make sure the liquid is clear before adding the next solvent.
2. Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order. You must ensure that the solution obtained, in the previous addition, is a clear solution before proceeding to add the next solvent. Physical methods such
as vortex, ultrasound or hot water bath can be used to aid dissolving.

Chemical Information, Storage & Stability

Molecular Weight	166.19	Formula	C₈H₁₅NaO₂	Storage (From the date of receipt)	3 years-20°Cpowder
CAS No.	1069-66-5	Download SDF		Storage of Stock Solutions	1 year-80°Cin solvent 1 month-20°Cin solvent
Synonyms	Sodium valproate,NSC 93819,2-Propylpentanoic Acid			SMILES	CCCC(CCC)C(=O)[O-].[Na+]

Read more about storage stability stock solution CAS number SMILES

Mechanism of Action

Targets/IC₅₀/Ki	HDAC (Cell-free assay) Autophagy (Cell-free assay) GABA receptor (Cell-free assay) notch1
In vitro	Valproic acid acts through a distinct pathway that involves direct inhibition of histone deacetylase (IC(50) for HDAC1 = 0.4 mM). Valproic acid mimics the histone deacetylase inhibitor trichostatin A, causing hyperacetylation of histones in cultured cells. Valproic acid, like trichostatin A, also activates transcription from diverse exogenous and endogenous promoters. Valproic acid and trichostatin A have remarkably similar teratogenic effects in vertebrate embryos, while non-teratogenic analogues of valproic acid do not inhibit histone deacetylase and do not activate transcription. Valproic acid induces proliferation of peroxisomes in the rodent liver. Valproic acid at a concentration of 1 mM induces relief of this repression by Gal4 fusions of N‐CoR, TR or PPARδ in a cell line expressing the ligand‐binding domain of PPARδ fused to the DNA‐binding domain of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) together with a GR‐controlled reporter gene. Valproic acid induces accumulation of hyperacetylated histone and inhibits HDAC activity. Valproic acid induces a specific type of differentiation characterized by reduced proliferation, morphological alterations, marker gene expression and particularly the accumulation of the AP-2 transcription factor as a potential marker of neuronal or neural crest cell-like differentiation in F9 teratocarcinoma cells. Valproic acid impairs cell proliferation or survival as indicated by decreased incorporation of [³H]thymidine in F9 and P19 teratocarcinoma cells.
In vivo	Valproic acid delays growth of the primary tumors in the MT‐450 rat breast cancer model.
References	[1] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11473107/ [2] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11742974/

Applications

Methods	Biomarkers	Images	PMID
Western blot	Acetyl Histone H3 Active caspase-3 / PARP / Cleaved PARP acetyl-H4		28542253
Growth inhibition assay	Cell viability		28498322

Clinical Trial Information

(data from https://clinicaltrials.gov, updated on 2026-08-13)

NCT Number	Recruitment	Conditions	Sponsor/Collaborators	Start Date	Phases
NCT07166393	NOT_YET_RECRUITING	Moderate Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI); Severe Traumatic Brain Injury	Northwestern University	2027-05	PHASE2; PHASE3
NCT03048084	RECRUITING	Glioma	Leiden University Medical Center	2018-02-01	PHASE4
NCT02068586	ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING	Ciliary Body and Choroid Melanoma, Medium/Large Size; Ciliary Body and Choroid Melanoma, Small Size; Iris Melanoma; Stage I Intraocular Melanoma; Stage IIA Intraocular Melanoma; Stage IIB Intraocular Melanoma; Stage IIIA Intraocular Melanoma; Stage IIIB Intraocular Melanoma; Stage IIIC Intraocular Melanoma; Stage I Uveal Melanoma AJCC V7; Stage II Uveal Melanoma AJCC V7; Stage III Uveal Melanoma AJCC V7	Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Thomas Jefferson University	2014-11-19	PHASE2
NCT06714357	RECRUITING	Colorectal Cancer Metastatic	National Cancer Institute, Naples	2025-03-12	PHASE2
NCT05821556	RECRUITING	Adenocarcinoma of the Pancreas	National Cancer Institute, Naples	2023-06-12	PHASE2
NCT01552434	TERMINATED	Advanced Malignant Neoplasm; Castleman Disease; Digestive System Carcinoma; Erdheim-Chester Disease; Lip and Oral Cavity Carcinoma; Lymphangioleiomyomatosis; Malignant Endocrine Neoplasm; Malignant Female Reproductive System Neoplasm; Malignant Male Reproductive System Neoplasm; Malignant Neoplasm; Malignant Respiratory Tract Neoplasm; Malignant Thoracic Neoplasm; Malignant Urinary System Neoplasm; Mesothelial Neoplasm; Metastatic Malignant Neoplasm; Metastatic Urothelial Carcinoma; Neurofibromatosis Type 2; Recurrent Adult Soft Tissue Sarcoma; Recurrent Breast Carcinoma; Recurrent Childhood Soft Tissue Sarcoma; Recurrent Digestive System Carcinoma; Recurrent Female Reproductive System Carcinoma; Recurrent Male Reproductive System Carcinoma; Recurrent Malignant Neoplasm; Recurrent Pharyngeal Carcinoma; Recurrent Thyroid Gland Carcinoma; Refractory Malignant Neoplasm; Soft Tissue Neoplasm; Stage III Breast Cancer AJCC v7; Stage III Pharyngeal Cancer; Stage IIIA Breast Cancer AJCC v7; Stage IIIB Breast Cancer AJCC v7; Stage IIIC Breast Cancer AJCC v7; Stage IV Breast Cancer AJCC v6 and v7; Stage IV Pharyngeal Cancer; Stage IVA Pharyngeal Cancer; Stage IVB Pharyngeal Cancer; Stage IVC Pharyngeal Cancer; Thyroid Gland Neoplasm	M.D. Anderson Cancer Center	2012-10-16	PHASE1

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Sodium Valproate (Valproic acid sodium) HDAC inhibitor

Chemical Structure

Molecular Weight: 166.19