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Microtubule Associated Signaling Pathway Map

Microtubule Associated Signaling Pathways

Microtubule Associated Products

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Microtubule Associated Inhibitors (47)
Microtubule Associated Antibodies (14)
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Catalog No.	Product Name	Information	Product Use Citations
S0328	MMAF	MMAF (Monomethylauristatin F) is a synthetic antineoplastic agent and a potent inhibitor of tubulin polymerization. MMAF (Monomethylauristatin F) is applied as a cytotoxic component of antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) such as vorsetuzumab mafodotin, ABT-414 and SGN-CD19A.	Cancer Cell, 2021, S1535-6108(21)00659-0
S0444	Indibulin	Indibulin (ZIO 301, D 24851, Zybulin) is an orally applied inhibitor of tubulin assembly with potent anticancer activity. Indibulin induces mitotic arrest and apoptosis.	Bioorg Med Chem, 2020, 28(20):115712
S1148	Docetaxel (RP56976)	Docetaxel (RP56976, NSC 628503), an analog of paclitaxel, is an inhibitor of depolymerisation of microtubules by binding to stabilized microtubules.	Cancers (Basel), 2022, 14(4)949 Cancers (Basel), 2022, 14(4)928 Sci Rep, 2022, 12(1):1442
S1150	Paclitaxel (NSC 125973)	Paclitaxel (NSC 125973, PTX, Taxol, Onxal, Abraxane) is a microtubule polymer stabilizer with IC50 of 0.1 pM in human endothelial cells.	Cell Res, 2022, 10.1038/s41422-022-00651-9 Nat Chem Biol, 2022, 10.1038/s41589-022-00996-7 Mol Cell, 2022, 82(1):75-89.e9
S1165	ABT-751 (E7010)	ABT-751 (E7010) binds to the colchicine site on β-tubulin and inhibits polymerization of microtubules, not a substrate for the MDR transporter and is active against cell lines resistant to vincristine, doxorubicin, and cisplatin. Phase 1/2.	J Clin Invest, 2020, 10.1172/JCI122462 Fitoterapia, 2017, 116:106-115 PLoS Genet, 2016, 12(9):e1006279
S1241	Vincristine (NSC-67574) sulfate	Vincristine sulfate (NSC-67574, Leurocristine, Oncovin, 22-Oxovincaleukoblastine) is an inhibitor of polymerization of microtubules by binding to tubulin with IC50 of 32 μM in a cell-free assay. Vincristine sulfate induces apoptosis.	Nat Cell Biol, 2022, 10.1038/s41556-021-00814-7 Mol Cell, 2022, 82(1):75-89.e9 Haematologica, 2022, 10.3324/haematol.2021.279957
S1297	Epothilone A	Epothilone A is a paclitaxel-like microtubule-stabilizing agent with EC_0.01 of 2 μM.	Environ Mol Mutagen, 2022, 63(3):151-161 Cancers (Basel), 2020, 12(12)E3816 Sci Rep, 2020, 10(1):13124
S1364	Patupilone (Epothilone B)	Patupilone (EPO906, Epothilone B) is a paclitaxel-like microtubule-stabilizing agent with EC_0.01 of 1.8 μM. Phase 2.	Brain, 2022, awac079 J Cell Biol, 2021, 220(12)e202010155 Biochem Pharmacol, 2021, 193:114789
S1640	Albendazole (SKF-62979)	Albendazole (SKF-62979) is a member of the benzimidazole compounds used as a drug indicated for the treatment of a variety of worm infestations.	Sci Rep, 2022, 12(1):5706 Mol Cell, 2021, 81(19):4041-4058.e15 Cancer Lett, 2021, 520:307-320
S1836	Albendazole Oxide	Albendazole Oxide (Ricobendazole) is a tubulin polymerization or assembly inhibitor, used for the treatment of a variety of parasitic worm infestations.
S2195	Lexibulin (CYT997)	Lexibulin (CYT997, SRI-32007) is a potent microtubule polymerization inhibitor with IC50 of 10-100 nM in cancer cell lines. Phase 2.	Cell, 2021, 184(2):334-351.e20 Adv Virol, 2020, 2020:8844061 J Exp Clin Cancer Res, 2019, 38(1):44
S2254	4-Demethylepipodophyllotoxin(NSC-122819,VM-26)	4-Demethylepipodophyllotoxin (NSC-122819, VM-26, DMEP) is an antimitotic agent which binds to monomeric tubulin, preventing micro-tubule polymerization. It is a potent inhibitor of microtubule assembly.	Front Pharmacol, 2019, 10:381
S2284	Colchicine (NSC 757)	Colchicine (NSC 757, Colchineos, Colchisol, Colcin) is a microtubule polymerization inhibitor with an IC50 of 3 nM.	Transl Stroke Res, 2022, 10.1007/s12975-022-01022-7 Eur J Pharmacol, 2022, 919:174802 Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 2022, 594:161-167
S2440	Vindesine sulfate	Vindesine sulfate (Eldesine, Eldisine, Desacetyl Vinblastine amide, Desacetylvinblastine amide, DAVA, DVA, VDS), a vinca alkaloid derived from Catharanthus roseus, is a potent inhibitor of mitosis with antineoplastic activities. Vindesine binds to the microtubular proteins of the mitotic spindle, leading to crystallization of the microtubule and mitotic arrest or cell death.	Sci Rep, 2020, 10(1):13124
S2441	Estramustine phosphate sodium	Estramustine phosphate sodium (EMP, Emcyt, Estracyt) is an antitumour drug with a unique dual mode of action. Estrone and estradiol, products of the metabolism of estramustine phosphate sodium, have shown antigonadotrophic activity resulting in reduced testosterone levels. Estramustine(the cytotoxic metabolite produced by dephosphorylation of estramustine phosphate sodium) is an antiprostatic tumor drug with antimicrotubule effects.
S2444	Parbendazole	Parbendazole (SKF 29044) is an extremely potent inhibitor of microtubule assembly with IC50 of 3 µM for the assembly of brain microtubules.
S2447	Ansamitocin p-3 (Maytansinol isobutyrate, NSC292222)	Ansamitocin p-3 (Maytansinol isobutyrate, NSC292222, Antibiotic C 15003P3) is a potent inhibitor of tubulin polymerization with IC50 of 3.4 μM.
S2775	Nocodazole (R17934)	Nocodazole (R17934, Oncodazole, NSC238159) is a rapidly-reversible inhibitor of microtubule polymerization, also inhibits Abl, Abl(E255K) and Abl(T315I) with IC50 of 0.21 μM, 0.53 μM and 0.64 μM in cell-free assays, respectively. Nocodazole induces apoptosis.	Signal Transduct Target Ther, 2022, 7(1):97 Front Cell Dev Biol, 2022, 10:817831 J Biol Chem, 2022, S0021-9258(22)00072-2
S3022	Cabazitaxel (XRP6258)	Cabazitaxel (RPR-116258A, XRP6258, TXD 258, Taxoid XRP6258) is a semi-synthetic derivative of a natural taxoid that kills cancer cells by inhibiting cell division and growth. Cabazitaxel exerts its effects by inhibiting microtubule growth and assembly, processes that are essential for cells to divide. Cabazitaxel induces autophagy via the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway.	Mol Cancer Ther, 2021, molcanther.0983.2020 Prostate, 2021, 10.1002/pros.24138 Prostate, 2021, 10.1002/pros.24200
S3206	5a-Pregnane-3,20-dione	5a-Pregnane-3,20-dione (5alphaP, 5-a-dihydroprogesterone, 3,20-allopregnanedione, 5-Alpha-Dihydro Progesterone) is the endogenous progesterone metabolite. 5a-Pregnane-3,20-dione depolymerizes actin and decreases expression of actin and vinculin. 5a-Pregnane-3,20-dione is involved in promoting breast neoplasia and metastasis by affecting adhesion and cytoskeletal molecules.
S3220	Trigonelline	Trigonelline (Trigenolline) is a plant alkaloid and a major component of coffee and fenugreek with anti-degranulation, anti-diabetic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective effects. Trigonelline inhibits FcεRI-mediated intracellular signaling pathways, such as phosphorylation of PLCγ1, PI3K, and Akt. Trigonelline (Trigenolline) also inhibits the microtubule formation in RBL-2H3 cells.	Biomed Pharmacother, 2021, 143:112204
S3725	ELR-510444	ELR-510444 is a novel microtubule disruptor with potential antivascular effects and in vivo antitumor efficacy, causing a loss of cellular microtubules and the formation of aberrant mitotic spindles and leading to mitotic arrest and apoptosis of cancer cells.
S3970	Vindoline	Vindoline is a chemical precursor to vinblastine and exhibits antimitotic activity by inhibiting microtubule assembly.	Nat Commun, 2020, 11(1):941
S4071	Griseofulvin	Griseofulvin, a production from some strains of the mold Penicillium griseofulvumam, is able to inhibit cell mitosis by interfering with microtubule function.
S4114	Triclabendazole	Triclabendazole (CGA-89317) is a benzimidazole, it binds to tubulin impairing intracellular transport mechanisms and interferes with protein synthesis.
S4269	Vinorelbine ditartrate (KW-2307)	Vinorelbine Tartrate (KW-2307, Nor-5'-anhydrovinblastine ditartrate) is a semi-synthetic vinca alkaloid, and inhibits mitosis through interaction with tubulin. Vinorelbine Tartrate exhibits anti-tumor activities via inducing the mitotic apoptosis, autophagy and inflammation.	Transl Lung Cancer Res, 2022, 11(4):543-559 Cancer Res, 2021, canres.0955.2021 Br J Cancer, 2021, 10.1038/s41416-021-01420-y
S4505	Vinblastine (NSC-49842) sulfate	Vinblastine sulfate (NSC49842, Vincaleukoblastine sulfate salt, 29060-LE, Exal, Velban, Velbe) inhibits microtubule formation and suppresses nAChR activity with IC50 of 8.9 μM in a cell-free assay, used to treat certain kinds of cancer. Vinblastine sulfate induces autophagy and apoptosis.	Hum Cell, 2022, 10.1007/s13577-022-00671-y Nat Chem Biol, 2021, 10.1038/s41589-021-00751-4 Cancer Res, 2021, canres.0955.2021
S4535	Methylene Blue	Methylene Blue (Basic Blue 9, Tetramethylthionine chloride, methylthioninium chloride, CI-52015) is used as a dye in chromoendoscopy. It Inhibits tau filament formation with IC50 of 1.9μM. Also it inhibits soluble guanylyl cyclase.	bioRxiv, 2020, 2020/9/20.4.7.30734
S5256	Benproperine phosphate	Benproperine phosphate (Blascorid, Pirexyl), a cough suppressant, is an orally active, potent actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunit 2 (ARPC2) inhibitor. Benproperine phosphate attenuates the actin polymerization rate of action polymerization nucleation by impairing Arp2/3 function. Benproperine phosphate suppresses cancer cell migration and tumor metastasis.	Mol Oncol, 2020, 10.1002/1878-0261.12854
S5919	KHS101 hydrochloride	KHS101 is a small-molecule inhibitor of TACC3, which is a key component of centrosome-microtubule dynamic networks.
S6661	VcMMAE	VcMMAE (mc-vc-PAB-MMAE), a MMAE derivative with valine-citrulline (Vc) linker,is an Drug-linker Conjugate for antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) with potent antitumor activity. MMAE is a synthetic antineoplastic agent and can be efficiently released from VcMMAE in vitro and exert cytotoxic activity.
S6773^New	Mertansine	Mertansine (DM1, Maytansinoid DM1), an antibody-conjugatable maytansinoid, is a selective microtubule inhibitor that is developed to overcome systemic toxicity associated with maytansine and to enhance tumor-specific delivery. Mertansine can be attached to a monoclonal antibody with a linker to create an antibody-drug conjugate (ADC). Solutions are best fresh-prepared.
S6954^New	CK-869	CK-869 (CK 0157869) is a small molecule inhibitor of actin-related protein 2/3 (Arp2/3) complex with an IC50 of 7 μM. CK-869 can directly suppresses microtubule assembly both in vitro and in vivo.
S7204	Fosbretabulin (Combretastatin A4 Phosphate (CA4P)) Disodium	Fosbretabulin (Combretastatin A4 Phosphate, CA4P, CA 4DP) Disodium is the water-soluble prodrug of Combretastatin A4 (CA4), which is a microtubule-targeting agent that binds β-tubulin with K_d of 0.4 μM in a cell-free assay. Fosbretabulin Disodium inhibits the polymerization of tubulin with IC50 of 2.4 μM, and also disrupts tumor vasculature. Fosbretabulin disodium induces mitotic arrest and apoptosis in endothelial cells. Phase 3.	Cell, 2020, 182(3):685-712.e19 Cell, 2020, 182(3):685-712.e19 J Drug Target, 2020, 10.1080/1061186X.2020.1818759
S7336	CW069	CW069 is an allosteric, and selective inhibitor of microtubule motor protein HSET with IC50 of 75 μM, significant selectivity over KSP.	EMBO Rep, 2020, 9:e49234 Mol Syst Biol, 2018, 14(8):e8238 Anticancer Res, 2018, 38(6):3393-3400
S7493	INH1	INH1 (IBT 13131) is a cell-permeable Hec1 inhibitor, which specifically disrupts the Hec1/Nek2 interaction.	J Clin Invest, 2018, 128(7):2877-2893
S7494	INH6	INH6 is a potent Hec1 inhibitor, which specifically disrupts the Hec1/Nek2 interaction and causes chromosome mis-alignment.
S7495	TAI-1	TAI-1 is a potent and specific Hec1 inhibitor, which disrupts Hec1-Nek2 protein interaction.	J Exp Clin Cancer Res, 2019, 18;38(1):316 Curr Biol, 2019, 29(18):3072-3080.e5 Curr Biol, 2019, 29(18):3072-3080
S7497	CK-636	CK-636 (CK-0944636) is an Arp2/3 complex inhibitor with IC50 of 4 μM, 24 μM and 32 μM for inhibition of actin polymerization induced by human, fission yeast and bovine Arp2/3 complex, respectively.	Elife, 2021, 10e65910 Theranostics, 2019, 9(25):7628-7647 Front Cell Infect Microbiol, 2017, 7:400
S7721	Monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE)	Monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE, SGD-1010) is a synthetic antineoplastic agent, which is linked to a monoclonal antibody (MAB). It is also a microtubule-disrupting agent .	Cancer Cell, 2021, S1535-6108(21)00659-0 Oncol Lett, 2021, 21(5):397 PaDUA, 2019, N/A
S7762	TRx0237 (LMTX) mesylate	TRx 0237 mesylate (LMTX, Hydromethylthionine) is a second-generation tau protein aggregation inhibitor for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and frontotemporal dementia.
S7783	Combretastatin A4	Combretastatin A4 is a microtubule-targeting agent that binds β-tubulin with K_d of 0.4 μM.Phase 3.	Mol Cancer Ther, 2020, molcanther.0525.2020 Mol Pharmacol, 2019, 96(6):711-719 Drug Des Devel Ther, 2017, 11:1335-1351
S7787	Docetaxel Trihydrate	Docetaxel (RP56976, NSC 628503), an analog of paclitaxel, is an inhibitor of depolymerisation of microtubules by binding to stabilized microtubules.	Sci Rep, 2022, 12(1):1442 Anal Cell Pathol (Amst), 2022, 2022:8708202 Bioengineered, 2022, 13(4):11310-11320
S7930	Ixabepilone (BMS-247550)	Ixabepilone (BMS-247550, Azaepothilone B, BMS 247550-1, Ixempra, Aza-epothilone B) is an orally bioavailable microtubule inhibitor. It binds to tubulin and promotes tubulin polymerization and microtubule stabilization, thereby arresting cells in the G2-M phase of the cell cycle and inducing tumor cell apoptosis.	Environ Mol Mutagen, 2022, 63(3):151-161 Hum Cell, 2022, 10.1007/s13577-022-00671-y Genome Med, 2021, 13(1):103
S8789	SSE15206	SSE15206 is a tubulin polymerization inhibitor that has potent antiproliferative activities in cancer cell lines of different origins and overcomes resistance to microtubule-targeting agents.
S8912^New	Eribulin Mesylate (E7389)	Eribulin Mesylate (E7389, B-1939, ER-086526), an analogue of the marine natural product halichondrin B, is a nontaxane completely synthetic microtubule inhibitor.
S9555	Vincristine	Vincristine (Leurocristine, NSC-67574, 22-Oxovincaleukoblastine) is a natural alkaloid isolated from the plant Vinca rosea Linn. with anti-tumor activity. Vincristine inhibits microtubule formation in mitotic spindle and binds to microtubule with Ki of 85 nM.	Haematologica, 2022, 10.3324/haematol.2021.279957 Dis Model Mech, 2022, dmm.049109 J Gastroenterol Hepatol, 2022, 10.1111/jgh.15775
A5106	Lamin B1 Rabbit Recombinant mAb	Lamin B1 Rabbit Recombinant mAb detects endogenous levels of total Lamin B1.
A5107	beta Tubulin III Rabbit Recombinant mAb	beta Tubulin III Rabbit Recombinant mAb detects endogenous levels of total beta Tubulin III.
A5167	Beta Tubulin Rabbit Recombinant mAb (HRP conjugated)	Beta Tubulin Rabbit Recombinant mAb (HRP conjugated) detects endogenous level of total beta tubulin.
A5204	67kDa Laminin Receptor Rabbit Recombinant mAb	67kDa Laminin Receptor Rabbit Recombinant mAb detects endogenous level of total 67kDa Laminin Receptor.
A5228	Filamin A Rabbit Recombinant mAb	Filamin A Rabbit Recombinant mAb detects endogenous level of Filamin A.
A5230	Cytokeratin 19 Rabbit Recombinant mAb	Cytokeratin 19 Rabbit Recombinant mAb detects endogenous level of total cytokeration 19.
A5234	Stathmin 1 Rabbit Recombinant mAb	Stathmin 1 Rabbit Recombinant mAb detects endogenous level of total Stathmin 1.
A5249	Cytokeratin 7 Rabbit Recombinant mAb	Cytokeratin 7 Rabbit Recombinant mAb detects endogenous level of total Cytokeratin 7.
A5253	Desmin Rabbit Recombinant mAb	Desmin Rabbit Recombinant mAb detects endogenous level of total desmin.
A5266	Cytokeratin 10 Rabbit Recombinant mAb	Cytokeratin 10 Rabbit Recombinant mAb detects endogenous level of total Cytokeratin 10.	Bioact Mater, 2022, 9:523-540
A5280	Radixin Rabbit Recombinant mAb	Radixin Rabbit Recombinant mAb detects endogenous level of total Radixin.
A5281	Ezrin Rabbit Recombinant mAb	Ezrin Rabbit Recombinant mAb detects endogenous level of total Ezrin.
A5295	NEFM Rabbit Recombinant mAb	NEFM Rabbit Recombinant mAb detects endogenous level of total NEFM.
A5309	Drebrin Rabbit Recombinant mAb	Drebrin Rabbit Recombinant mAb detects endogenous level of total Drebrin.
S0360	EGFR Inhibitor	EGFR inhibitor, a cell permeable, 4,6-disubstituted pyrimidine compound, is a highly selevtive inhibitor of EGFR kinase with IC50 of 21 nM. EGFR inhibitor directly depolymerizes microtubules and is used as a chemical probe to investigate both the EGFR pathway and microtubule dynamics.
S1176	Plinabulin (NPI-2358)	Plinabulin (NPI-2358) is a vascular disrupting agent (VDA) against tubulin-depolymerizing with IC50 of 9.8~18 nM in tumor cells. Phase 1/2.	J Biol Chem, 2019, 294(20):8161-8170 Mol Pharmacol, 2019, 96(6):711-719 Curr Protoc Chem Biol, 2013, 5(3):195-212
S1233	2-Methoxyestradiol (2-MeOE2)	2-Methoxyestradiol (2-MeOE2, NSC 659853, 2-ME2) depolymerizes microtubules and blocks HIF-1α nuclear accumulation and HIF-transcriptional activity. 2-Methoxyestradiol induces both autophagy and apoptosis in various carcinogenic cell lines. Phase 2.	Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis, 2022, 1868(5):166356 Mol Cancer Res, 2022, 20(1):161-175 Cell Transplant, 2022, 31:9636897211073127
S3374	Verubulin hydrochloride	Verubulin hydrochloride(MPC 6827 hydrochloride) is a microtubule destabilizer and vascular disrupting agent that achieve high brain concentration relative to plasma in animals.
S0328	MMAF	MMAF (Monomethylauristatin F) is a synthetic antineoplastic agent and a potent inhibitor of tubulin polymerization. MMAF (Monomethylauristatin F) is applied as a cytotoxic component of antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) such as vorsetuzumab mafodotin, ABT-414 and SGN-CD19A.	Cancer Cell, 2021, S1535-6108(21)00659-0
S0444	Indibulin	Indibulin (ZIO 301, D 24851, Zybulin) is an orally applied inhibitor of tubulin assembly with potent anticancer activity. Indibulin induces mitotic arrest and apoptosis.	Bioorg Med Chem, 2020, 28(20):115712
S1148	Docetaxel (RP56976)	Docetaxel (RP56976, NSC 628503), an analog of paclitaxel, is an inhibitor of depolymerisation of microtubules by binding to stabilized microtubules.	Cancers (Basel), 2022, 14(4)949 Cancers (Basel), 2022, 14(4)928 Sci Rep, 2022, 12(1):1442
S1150	Paclitaxel (NSC 125973)	Paclitaxel (NSC 125973, PTX, Taxol, Onxal, Abraxane) is a microtubule polymer stabilizer with IC50 of 0.1 pM in human endothelial cells.	Cell Res, 2022, 10.1038/s41422-022-00651-9 Nat Chem Biol, 2022, 10.1038/s41589-022-00996-7 Mol Cell, 2022, 82(1):75-89.e9
S1165	ABT-751 (E7010)	ABT-751 (E7010) binds to the colchicine site on β-tubulin and inhibits polymerization of microtubules, not a substrate for the MDR transporter and is active against cell lines resistant to vincristine, doxorubicin, and cisplatin. Phase 1/2.	J Clin Invest, 2020, 10.1172/JCI122462 Fitoterapia, 2017, 116:106-115 PLoS Genet, 2016, 12(9):e1006279
S1241	Vincristine (NSC-67574) sulfate	Vincristine sulfate (NSC-67574, Leurocristine, Oncovin, 22-Oxovincaleukoblastine) is an inhibitor of polymerization of microtubules by binding to tubulin with IC50 of 32 μM in a cell-free assay. Vincristine sulfate induces apoptosis.	Nat Cell Biol, 2022, 10.1038/s41556-021-00814-7 Mol Cell, 2022, 82(1):75-89.e9 Haematologica, 2022, 10.3324/haematol.2021.279957
S1297	Epothilone A	Epothilone A is a paclitaxel-like microtubule-stabilizing agent with EC_0.01 of 2 μM.	Environ Mol Mutagen, 2022, 63(3):151-161 Cancers (Basel), 2020, 12(12)E3816 Sci Rep, 2020, 10(1):13124
S1364	Patupilone (Epothilone B)	Patupilone (EPO906, Epothilone B) is a paclitaxel-like microtubule-stabilizing agent with EC_0.01 of 1.8 μM. Phase 2.	Brain, 2022, awac079 J Cell Biol, 2021, 220(12)e202010155 Biochem Pharmacol, 2021, 193:114789
S1640	Albendazole (SKF-62979)	Albendazole (SKF-62979) is a member of the benzimidazole compounds used as a drug indicated for the treatment of a variety of worm infestations.	Sci Rep, 2022, 12(1):5706 Mol Cell, 2021, 81(19):4041-4058.e15 Cancer Lett, 2021, 520:307-320
S1836	Albendazole Oxide	Albendazole Oxide (Ricobendazole) is a tubulin polymerization or assembly inhibitor, used for the treatment of a variety of parasitic worm infestations.
S2195	Lexibulin (CYT997)	Lexibulin (CYT997, SRI-32007) is a potent microtubule polymerization inhibitor with IC50 of 10-100 nM in cancer cell lines. Phase 2.	Cell, 2021, 184(2):334-351.e20 Adv Virol, 2020, 2020:8844061 J Exp Clin Cancer Res, 2019, 38(1):44
S2254	4-Demethylepipodophyllotoxin(NSC-122819,VM-26)	4-Demethylepipodophyllotoxin (NSC-122819, VM-26, DMEP) is an antimitotic agent which binds to monomeric tubulin, preventing micro-tubule polymerization. It is a potent inhibitor of microtubule assembly.	Front Pharmacol, 2019, 10:381
S2284	Colchicine (NSC 757)	Colchicine (NSC 757, Colchineos, Colchisol, Colcin) is a microtubule polymerization inhibitor with an IC50 of 3 nM.	Transl Stroke Res, 2022, 10.1007/s12975-022-01022-7 Eur J Pharmacol, 2022, 919:174802 Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 2022, 594:161-167
S2440	Vindesine sulfate	Vindesine sulfate (Eldesine, Eldisine, Desacetyl Vinblastine amide, Desacetylvinblastine amide, DAVA, DVA, VDS), a vinca alkaloid derived from Catharanthus roseus, is a potent inhibitor of mitosis with antineoplastic activities. Vindesine binds to the microtubular proteins of the mitotic spindle, leading to crystallization of the microtubule and mitotic arrest or cell death.	Sci Rep, 2020, 10(1):13124
S2441	Estramustine phosphate sodium	Estramustine phosphate sodium (EMP, Emcyt, Estracyt) is an antitumour drug with a unique dual mode of action. Estrone and estradiol, products of the metabolism of estramustine phosphate sodium, have shown antigonadotrophic activity resulting in reduced testosterone levels. Estramustine(the cytotoxic metabolite produced by dephosphorylation of estramustine phosphate sodium) is an antiprostatic tumor drug with antimicrotubule effects.
S2444	Parbendazole	Parbendazole (SKF 29044) is an extremely potent inhibitor of microtubule assembly with IC50 of 3 µM for the assembly of brain microtubules.
S2447	Ansamitocin p-3 (Maytansinol isobutyrate, NSC292222)	Ansamitocin p-3 (Maytansinol isobutyrate, NSC292222, Antibiotic C 15003P3) is a potent inhibitor of tubulin polymerization with IC50 of 3.4 μM.
S2775	Nocodazole (R17934)	Nocodazole (R17934, Oncodazole, NSC238159) is a rapidly-reversible inhibitor of microtubule polymerization, also inhibits Abl, Abl(E255K) and Abl(T315I) with IC50 of 0.21 μM, 0.53 μM and 0.64 μM in cell-free assays, respectively. Nocodazole induces apoptosis.	Signal Transduct Target Ther, 2022, 7(1):97 Front Cell Dev Biol, 2022, 10:817831 J Biol Chem, 2022, S0021-9258(22)00072-2
S3022	Cabazitaxel (XRP6258)	Cabazitaxel (RPR-116258A, XRP6258, TXD 258, Taxoid XRP6258) is a semi-synthetic derivative of a natural taxoid that kills cancer cells by inhibiting cell division and growth. Cabazitaxel exerts its effects by inhibiting microtubule growth and assembly, processes that are essential for cells to divide. Cabazitaxel induces autophagy via the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway.	Mol Cancer Ther, 2021, molcanther.0983.2020 Prostate, 2021, 10.1002/pros.24138 Prostate, 2021, 10.1002/pros.24200
S3206	5a-Pregnane-3,20-dione	5a-Pregnane-3,20-dione (5alphaP, 5-a-dihydroprogesterone, 3,20-allopregnanedione, 5-Alpha-Dihydro Progesterone) is the endogenous progesterone metabolite. 5a-Pregnane-3,20-dione depolymerizes actin and decreases expression of actin and vinculin. 5a-Pregnane-3,20-dione is involved in promoting breast neoplasia and metastasis by affecting adhesion and cytoskeletal molecules.
S3220	Trigonelline	Trigonelline (Trigenolline) is a plant alkaloid and a major component of coffee and fenugreek with anti-degranulation, anti-diabetic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective effects. Trigonelline inhibits FcεRI-mediated intracellular signaling pathways, such as phosphorylation of PLCγ1, PI3K, and Akt. Trigonelline (Trigenolline) also inhibits the microtubule formation in RBL-2H3 cells.	Biomed Pharmacother, 2021, 143:112204
S3725	ELR-510444	ELR-510444 is a novel microtubule disruptor with potential antivascular effects and in vivo antitumor efficacy, causing a loss of cellular microtubules and the formation of aberrant mitotic spindles and leading to mitotic arrest and apoptosis of cancer cells.
S3970	Vindoline	Vindoline is a chemical precursor to vinblastine and exhibits antimitotic activity by inhibiting microtubule assembly.	Nat Commun, 2020, 11(1):941
S4071	Griseofulvin	Griseofulvin, a production from some strains of the mold Penicillium griseofulvumam, is able to inhibit cell mitosis by interfering with microtubule function.
S4114	Triclabendazole	Triclabendazole (CGA-89317) is a benzimidazole, it binds to tubulin impairing intracellular transport mechanisms and interferes with protein synthesis.
S4269	Vinorelbine ditartrate (KW-2307)	Vinorelbine Tartrate (KW-2307, Nor-5'-anhydrovinblastine ditartrate) is a semi-synthetic vinca alkaloid, and inhibits mitosis through interaction with tubulin. Vinorelbine Tartrate exhibits anti-tumor activities via inducing the mitotic apoptosis, autophagy and inflammation.	Transl Lung Cancer Res, 2022, 11(4):543-559 Cancer Res, 2021, canres.0955.2021 Br J Cancer, 2021, 10.1038/s41416-021-01420-y
S4505	Vinblastine (NSC-49842) sulfate	Vinblastine sulfate (NSC49842, Vincaleukoblastine sulfate salt, 29060-LE, Exal, Velban, Velbe) inhibits microtubule formation and suppresses nAChR activity with IC50 of 8.9 μM in a cell-free assay, used to treat certain kinds of cancer. Vinblastine sulfate induces autophagy and apoptosis.	Hum Cell, 2022, 10.1007/s13577-022-00671-y Nat Chem Biol, 2021, 10.1038/s41589-021-00751-4 Cancer Res, 2021, canres.0955.2021
S4535	Methylene Blue	Methylene Blue (Basic Blue 9, Tetramethylthionine chloride, methylthioninium chloride, CI-52015) is used as a dye in chromoendoscopy. It Inhibits tau filament formation with IC50 of 1.9μM. Also it inhibits soluble guanylyl cyclase.	bioRxiv, 2020, 2020/9/20.4.7.30734
S5256	Benproperine phosphate	Benproperine phosphate (Blascorid, Pirexyl), a cough suppressant, is an orally active, potent actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunit 2 (ARPC2) inhibitor. Benproperine phosphate attenuates the actin polymerization rate of action polymerization nucleation by impairing Arp2/3 function. Benproperine phosphate suppresses cancer cell migration and tumor metastasis.	Mol Oncol, 2020, 10.1002/1878-0261.12854
S5919	KHS101 hydrochloride	KHS101 is a small-molecule inhibitor of TACC3, which is a key component of centrosome-microtubule dynamic networks.
S6661	VcMMAE	VcMMAE (mc-vc-PAB-MMAE), a MMAE derivative with valine-citrulline (Vc) linker,is an Drug-linker Conjugate for antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) with potent antitumor activity. MMAE is a synthetic antineoplastic agent and can be efficiently released from VcMMAE in vitro and exert cytotoxic activity.
S6773^New	Mertansine	Mertansine (DM1, Maytansinoid DM1), an antibody-conjugatable maytansinoid, is a selective microtubule inhibitor that is developed to overcome systemic toxicity associated with maytansine and to enhance tumor-specific delivery. Mertansine can be attached to a monoclonal antibody with a linker to create an antibody-drug conjugate (ADC). Solutions are best fresh-prepared.
S6954^New	CK-869	CK-869 (CK 0157869) is a small molecule inhibitor of actin-related protein 2/3 (Arp2/3) complex with an IC50 of 7 μM. CK-869 can directly suppresses microtubule assembly both in vitro and in vivo.
S7204	Fosbretabulin (Combretastatin A4 Phosphate (CA4P)) Disodium	Fosbretabulin (Combretastatin A4 Phosphate, CA4P, CA 4DP) Disodium is the water-soluble prodrug of Combretastatin A4 (CA4), which is a microtubule-targeting agent that binds β-tubulin with K_d of 0.4 μM in a cell-free assay. Fosbretabulin Disodium inhibits the polymerization of tubulin with IC50 of 2.4 μM, and also disrupts tumor vasculature. Fosbretabulin disodium induces mitotic arrest and apoptosis in endothelial cells. Phase 3.	Cell, 2020, 182(3):685-712.e19 Cell, 2020, 182(3):685-712.e19 J Drug Target, 2020, 10.1080/1061186X.2020.1818759
S7336	CW069	CW069 is an allosteric, and selective inhibitor of microtubule motor protein HSET with IC50 of 75 μM, significant selectivity over KSP.	EMBO Rep, 2020, 9:e49234 Mol Syst Biol, 2018, 14(8):e8238 Anticancer Res, 2018, 38(6):3393-3400
S7493	INH1	INH1 (IBT 13131) is a cell-permeable Hec1 inhibitor, which specifically disrupts the Hec1/Nek2 interaction.	J Clin Invest, 2018, 128(7):2877-2893
S7494	INH6	INH6 is a potent Hec1 inhibitor, which specifically disrupts the Hec1/Nek2 interaction and causes chromosome mis-alignment.
S7495	TAI-1	TAI-1 is a potent and specific Hec1 inhibitor, which disrupts Hec1-Nek2 protein interaction.	J Exp Clin Cancer Res, 2019, 18;38(1):316 Curr Biol, 2019, 29(18):3072-3080.e5 Curr Biol, 2019, 29(18):3072-3080
S7497	CK-636	CK-636 (CK-0944636) is an Arp2/3 complex inhibitor with IC50 of 4 μM, 24 μM and 32 μM for inhibition of actin polymerization induced by human, fission yeast and bovine Arp2/3 complex, respectively.	Elife, 2021, 10e65910 Theranostics, 2019, 9(25):7628-7647 Front Cell Infect Microbiol, 2017, 7:400
S7721	Monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE)	Monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE, SGD-1010) is a synthetic antineoplastic agent, which is linked to a monoclonal antibody (MAB). It is also a microtubule-disrupting agent .	Cancer Cell, 2021, S1535-6108(21)00659-0 Oncol Lett, 2021, 21(5):397 PaDUA, 2019, N/A
S7762	TRx0237 (LMTX) mesylate	TRx 0237 mesylate (LMTX, Hydromethylthionine) is a second-generation tau protein aggregation inhibitor for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and frontotemporal dementia.
S7783	Combretastatin A4	Combretastatin A4 is a microtubule-targeting agent that binds β-tubulin with K_d of 0.4 μM.Phase 3.	Mol Cancer Ther, 2020, molcanther.0525.2020 Mol Pharmacol, 2019, 96(6):711-719 Drug Des Devel Ther, 2017, 11:1335-1351
S7787	Docetaxel Trihydrate	Docetaxel (RP56976, NSC 628503), an analog of paclitaxel, is an inhibitor of depolymerisation of microtubules by binding to stabilized microtubules.	Sci Rep, 2022, 12(1):1442 Anal Cell Pathol (Amst), 2022, 2022:8708202 Bioengineered, 2022, 13(4):11310-11320
S7930	Ixabepilone (BMS-247550)	Ixabepilone (BMS-247550, Azaepothilone B, BMS 247550-1, Ixempra, Aza-epothilone B) is an orally bioavailable microtubule inhibitor. It binds to tubulin and promotes tubulin polymerization and microtubule stabilization, thereby arresting cells in the G2-M phase of the cell cycle and inducing tumor cell apoptosis.	Environ Mol Mutagen, 2022, 63(3):151-161 Hum Cell, 2022, 10.1007/s13577-022-00671-y Genome Med, 2021, 13(1):103
S8789	SSE15206	SSE15206 is a tubulin polymerization inhibitor that has potent antiproliferative activities in cancer cell lines of different origins and overcomes resistance to microtubule-targeting agents.
S8912^New	Eribulin Mesylate (E7389)	Eribulin Mesylate (E7389, B-1939, ER-086526), an analogue of the marine natural product halichondrin B, is a nontaxane completely synthetic microtubule inhibitor.
S9555	Vincristine	Vincristine (Leurocristine, NSC-67574, 22-Oxovincaleukoblastine) is a natural alkaloid isolated from the plant Vinca rosea Linn. with anti-tumor activity. Vincristine inhibits microtubule formation in mitotic spindle and binds to microtubule with Ki of 85 nM.	Haematologica, 2022, 10.3324/haematol.2021.279957 Dis Model Mech, 2022, dmm.049109 J Gastroenterol Hepatol, 2022, 10.1111/jgh.15775
A5106	Lamin B1 Rabbit Recombinant mAb	Lamin B1 Rabbit Recombinant mAb detects endogenous levels of total Lamin B1.
A5107	beta Tubulin III Rabbit Recombinant mAb	beta Tubulin III Rabbit Recombinant mAb detects endogenous levels of total beta Tubulin III.
A5167	Beta Tubulin Rabbit Recombinant mAb (HRP conjugated)	Beta Tubulin Rabbit Recombinant mAb (HRP conjugated) detects endogenous level of total beta tubulin.
A5204	67kDa Laminin Receptor Rabbit Recombinant mAb	67kDa Laminin Receptor Rabbit Recombinant mAb detects endogenous level of total 67kDa Laminin Receptor.
A5228	Filamin A Rabbit Recombinant mAb	Filamin A Rabbit Recombinant mAb detects endogenous level of Filamin A.
A5230	Cytokeratin 19 Rabbit Recombinant mAb	Cytokeratin 19 Rabbit Recombinant mAb detects endogenous level of total cytokeration 19.
A5234	Stathmin 1 Rabbit Recombinant mAb	Stathmin 1 Rabbit Recombinant mAb detects endogenous level of total Stathmin 1.
A5249	Cytokeratin 7 Rabbit Recombinant mAb	Cytokeratin 7 Rabbit Recombinant mAb detects endogenous level of total Cytokeratin 7.
A5253	Desmin Rabbit Recombinant mAb	Desmin Rabbit Recombinant mAb detects endogenous level of total desmin.
A5266	Cytokeratin 10 Rabbit Recombinant mAb	Cytokeratin 10 Rabbit Recombinant mAb detects endogenous level of total Cytokeratin 10.	Bioact Mater, 2022, 9:523-540
A5280	Radixin Rabbit Recombinant mAb	Radixin Rabbit Recombinant mAb detects endogenous level of total Radixin.
A5281	Ezrin Rabbit Recombinant mAb	Ezrin Rabbit Recombinant mAb detects endogenous level of total Ezrin.
A5295	NEFM Rabbit Recombinant mAb	NEFM Rabbit Recombinant mAb detects endogenous level of total NEFM.
A5309	Drebrin Rabbit Recombinant mAb	Drebrin Rabbit Recombinant mAb detects endogenous level of total Drebrin.
S0360	EGFR Inhibitor	EGFR inhibitor, a cell permeable, 4,6-disubstituted pyrimidine compound, is a highly selevtive inhibitor of EGFR kinase with IC50 of 21 nM. EGFR inhibitor directly depolymerizes microtubules and is used as a chemical probe to investigate both the EGFR pathway and microtubule dynamics.
S1176	Plinabulin (NPI-2358)	Plinabulin (NPI-2358) is a vascular disrupting agent (VDA) against tubulin-depolymerizing with IC50 of 9.8~18 nM in tumor cells. Phase 1/2.	J Biol Chem, 2019, 294(20):8161-8170 Mol Pharmacol, 2019, 96(6):711-719 Curr Protoc Chem Biol, 2013, 5(3):195-212
S1233	2-Methoxyestradiol (2-MeOE2)	2-Methoxyestradiol (2-MeOE2, NSC 659853, 2-ME2) depolymerizes microtubules and blocks HIF-1α nuclear accumulation and HIF-transcriptional activity. 2-Methoxyestradiol induces both autophagy and apoptosis in various carcinogenic cell lines. Phase 2.	Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis, 2022, 1868(5):166356 Mol Cancer Res, 2022, 20(1):161-175 Cell Transplant, 2022, 31:9636897211073127
S3374	Verubulin hydrochloride	Verubulin hydrochloride(MPC 6827 hydrochloride) is a microtubule destabilizer and vascular disrupting agent that achieve high brain concentration relative to plasma in animals.
S6773^New	Mertansine	Mertansine (DM1, Maytansinoid DM1), an antibody-conjugatable maytansinoid, is a selective microtubule inhibitor that is developed to overcome systemic toxicity associated with maytansine and to enhance tumor-specific delivery. Mertansine can be attached to a monoclonal antibody with a linker to create an antibody-drug conjugate (ADC). Solutions are best fresh-prepared.
S6954^New	CK-869	CK-869 (CK 0157869) is a small molecule inhibitor of actin-related protein 2/3 (Arp2/3) complex with an IC50 of 7 μM. CK-869 can directly suppresses microtubule assembly both in vitro and in vivo.
S8912^New	Eribulin Mesylate (E7389)	Eribulin Mesylate (E7389, B-1939, ER-086526), an analogue of the marine natural product halichondrin B, is a nontaxane completely synthetic microtubule inhibitor.