Ferroptosis
Inhibitory Selectivity
Ferroptosis Products
Catalog No. | Information | Product Use Citations | Product Validations |
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S1077 |
SB202190 (FHPI)SB202190 (FHPI) is a potent p38 MAPK inhibitor targeting p38α/β with IC50 of 50 nM/100 nM in cell-free assays, sometimes used instead of SB 203580 to investigate potential roles for SAPK2a/p38 in vivo. SB202190 inhibits endothelial cell apoptosis via induction of autophagy and heme oxygenase-1. SB202190 significantly suppresses Erastin‐dependent ferroptosis. |
![]() ![]() C, Jurkat cells with SB202190 at 1, 5, and 10 μM were tested, and a decreased SRP72 expression was found when using at 10 μM (lanes 8 and 9). D, results were analyzed and RUA illustrated, finding significant results at 10 μM at 240 versus 0 and 120 versus 0 min (p<0.05).
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S0788New |
ML 210ML-210 (CID 49766530) is a selective covalent inhibitor of cellular glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) with EC50 of 0.04 μM and induces ferroptosis. ML-210 can selectively kill cells induced to express mutant RAS. ML-210 exhibits anti-cancer activity. |
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S2505 |
Rosiglitazone maleateRosiglitazone maleate (BRL 49653), a member of the thiazolidinedione class of antihyperglycaemic agents, is a high-affinity selective agonist of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ) with IC50 of 42 nM. Rosiglitazone maleate also modulates TRP channels and induces autophagy. Rosiglitazone prevents ferroptosis. |
![]() ![]() Total and phosphorylated Akt were detected by western blot in protein lysates of liver, inguinal WAT and gastrocnemius muscle from mice that were treated with an insulin bolus after an overnight fast. |
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S2556 |
RosiglitazoneRosiglitazone (BRL 49653) is a potent antihyperglycemic agent and a potent thiazolidinedione insulin sensitizer with IC50 of 12, 4 and 9 nM for rat, 3T3-L1 and human adipocytes, respectively. Rosiglitazone is a pure ligand of PPAR-gamma, and has no PPAR-alpha-binding action. Rosiglitazone modulates TRP channels and induces autophagy. Rosiglitazone prevents ferroptosis. |
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S8078 |
Bardoxolone MethylBardoxolone Methyl (RTA 402, TP-155, NSC 713200, CDDO Methyl Ester, CDDO-Me) is an IKK inhibitor, showing potent proapoptotic and anti-inflammatory activities; Also a potent Nrf2 activator and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) inhibitor. Bardoxolone Methyl abrogates ferroptosis. Bardoxolone methyl induces apoptosis and autophagy in cancer cells. |
![]() ![]() Renal Nrf2 activity was shown in RTA402-treated acFSGS (RTA402 + acFSGS) mice as early as day 7 (RTA402 + acFSGS) and persisted to day 28, compared to vehicle + acFSGS mice. Kidney in situ ROS production demonstrated by DHE detection.
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S3031 |
LinagliptinLinagliptin (BI-1356) is a highly potent, selective DPP-4 inhibitor with IC50 of 1 nM and exhibits a 10,000-fold higher selectivity for DPP-4 than for other dipeptidyl peptidases such as DPP-2, DPP-8, and DPP-9. Linagliptin activates glomerular autophagy in a model of type 2 diabetes. DPP4 mediates ferroptosis in TP53-deficient CRC cells. |
![]() ![]() Effect of linagliptin on oxidative stress in rat hearts suffered from 9 h of hypothermic preservation followed by 60 min of reperfusion. (A) Representative image of NOX2 detected by western blotting. (B). Densitometric analysis showing the expression of NOX2 using β‑actin for normalization. Data are mean ± S.E.M. (n = 3) and expressed as fold increase relative to the value of control group. (C-E) Measurement of MnSOD activity, ROS and MDA content. Data are expressed as mean ± S.E.M., n = 8. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 vs control group; #P < 0.05, ##P < 0.01 vs Celsior group. NOX2: NADPH oxidase 2; MnSOD: manganese superoxide dismutase; ROS: reactive oxygen species; MDA: malondialdehyde.
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S1623 |
Acetylcysteine (N-acetylcysteine)Acetylcysteine (N-acetyl-l-cysteine, NAC) is a ROS(reactive oxygen species) inhibitor that antagonizes the activity of proteasome inhibitors. It is also a tumor necrosis factor production inhibitor. Acetylcysteine(N-acetyl-l-cysteine) suppresses TNF-induced NF-κB activation through inhibition of IκB kinases. Acetylcysteine(N-acetyl-l-cysteine) induces apoptosis via the mitochondria-dependent pathway. Acetylcysteine(N-acetyl-l-cysteine) inhibits ferroptosis and virus replication.Solutions of Acetylcysteine are best fresh-prepared. |
![]() ![]() (C) Double immunolabeling showed CK-labeled cells (green) co-expressed with 40, 6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) (blue), scale bars are 50 μm.
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S1848 |
CurcuminCurcumin (Diferuloylmethane) is the principal curcuminoid of the popular Indian spice turmeric, which is a member of the ginger family (Zingiberaceae). It is an inhibitor of p300 histone acetylatransferase(IC50~25 μM) and Histone deacetylase (HDAC); activates Nrf2 pathway and supresses the activation of transcription factor NF-κB. Curcumin induces mitophagy, autophagy, apoptosis, and cell cycle arrest with antitumor activity. Curcumin reduces renal damage associated with rhabdomyolysis by decreasing ferroptosis-mediated cell death. Curcumin exhibits anti-infective properties against various human pathogens like the influenza virus, hepatitis C virus, HIV and so on. |
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S1443 |
ZileutonZileuton (A-64077) is an orally active inhibitor of 5-lipoxygenase, and thus inhibits leukotrienes (LTB4, LTC4, LTD4, and LTE4) formation, used to decrease the symptoms of asthma. Zileuton induces apoptosis while inhibits ferroptosis. |
![]() ![]() CD19+ B cells (A) or PBMCs (B) from a healthy donor were treated with zileuton (10 μM) prior to 17-HDHA or RvD1 treatment, followed by stimulation with the IgE-inducing cocktail. Cell culture supernatants were collected at day 7, and IgE levels were measured. The experiment was done in one representative donor (mean ± SEM). Data were analyzed by 1-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post test, **P ≤ 0.01, ***P ≤ 0.001. PBMC, peripheral blood mononuclear cell.
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S2046 |
Pioglitazone HClPioglitazone HCl (AD-4833, U-72107E) is an inhibitor of cytochrome P450 (CYP)2C8 and CYP3A4 enzymes. Pioglitazone HCl inhibits CYP2C8, CYP3A4 and CYP2C9 with Ki of 1.7 μM, 11.8 μM and 32.1 μM, respectively. Pioglitazone HCl is also a selective peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARγ) agonist with EC50 of 0.93 μM and 0.99 μM for human PPARγ and mouse PPARγ, respectively. Pioglitazone HCl inhibits mitochondrial iron uptake, lipid peroxidation, and subsequent ferroptosis. |
![]() ![]() Primary hepatocytes were treated with or without 20μM Wy14643/Pioglitazone/Rosiglitazone for 24h followed by stimulation with or without 1μg/ml recombinant human FGF21 for 15min. FGF21 signaling was analyzed by phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and FRS2 examination. |
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S7243 |
Ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1)Ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1) is a potent and selective inhibitor of ferroptosis with EC50 of 60 nM. |
![]() ![]() Indicated HCC cells were treated with sorafenib (5 µM) and erastin (10 µM) with or without cell death inhibitors (ferrostatin-1, 1 µM; liprostatin-1, 100nM; ZVAD-FMK,10 µM; necrosulfonamide, 0.5 µM) for 24 hours and cell viability was assayed (n=3, *p < 0.05 versus sorafenib or erastin treatment group).
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S3984 |
Nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA)Nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA) is a phenolic antioxidant found in the leaves and twigs of the evergreen desert shrub, Larrea tridentata (Sesse and Moc. ex DC) Coville (creosote bush). It is a recognized inhibitor of lipoxygenase (LOX) and has antioxidant and free radical scavenging properties. Nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA) is a cytotoxic insulin-like growth factor-I receptor (IGF-1R)/HER2 inhibitor and induces apoptosis. Nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA) inhibits p300 and activates autophagy. Nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA) protects cells from ferroptosis. |
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S7699 |
Liproxstatin-1Liproxstatin-1 is a potent ferroptosis inhibitor with an IC50 of 22 nM. |
![]() ![]() (D) Indicated NRF2 knockdown HCC cells were treated with erastin (10 μM) and sorafenib (5 μM) with or without indicated inhibitors (ferrostatin-1, 1 μM; liproxstatin-1, 100 nM; ZVAD-FMK, 10 μM; necrostatin-1, 10 μM; necrosulfonamide, 0.5 μM) for 24 hours, and cell viability was assayed (n 5 3, *P < 0.05). Abbreviation: GAPDH, glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase. |
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S8432 |
Troglitazone (CS-045)Troglitazone (Rezulin, Romglizone, Prelay, CS045, Romozin) is a potent agonist for the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-(PPAR) that is a ligand activated transcription factor regulating cell differentiation and growth. Troglitazone induces autophagy, apoptosis and necroptosis in bladder cancer cells. Troglitazone prevents RSL3-induced ferroptosis and lipid peroxidation in Pfa1 cells. |
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S8792 |
UAMC-3203UAMC-3203 is an improved ferroptosis inhibitor with an IC50 value of 10 nM in IMR-32 neuroblastoma cells. |
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S7171 |
Setanaxib (GKT137831)Setanaxib (GKT137831) is a potent, dual NADPH oxidase NOX1/NOX4 inhibitor with Ki of 110 nM and 140 nM, respectively. Treatment with GKT137831 suppresses reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. GKT137831 partly inhibits ferroptosis. |
![]() ![]() (C) Indicated macrophages were treated with LPS (100 ng/mL) in the absence or presence of GKT137831 (1 μmol/L) for 24 h. PKM2 mRNA and lactate levels were assayed (n = 3, *, p < 0.05 versus LPS group). |
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S5742 |
Deferoxamine mesylateDeferoxamine mesylate (Desferrioxamine B) is the mesylate salt of Deferoxamine, which forms iron complexes and is used as a chelating agent. Deferoxamine is a ferroptosis inhibitor that stabilizes HIF-1α expression and improves HIF-1α transactivity in hypoxic and hyperglycemic states in vitro. Deferoxamine decreases beta-amyloid (Aβ) deposition and induces autophagy. |
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S1040 |
Sorafenib TosylateSorafenib Tosylate (Bay 43-9006) is a multikinase inhibitor of Raf-1 and B-Raf with IC50 of 6 nM and 22 nM in cell-free assays, respectively. Sorafenib Tosylate inhibits VEGFR-2, VEGFR-3, PDGFR-β, Flt-3 and c-KIT with IC50 of 90 nM, 20 nM, 57 nM, 59 nM and 68 nM, respectively. Sorafenib Tosylate induces autophagy and apoptosis and activates ferroptosis with anti-tumor activity. |
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Inhibition of breast cancer cell growth using sorafenib. MCF-7 breast cancer cells were treated with increasing concentrations of sorafenib for 5 days. Cell number was measured using a colorimetric growth assay (crystal violet stain) and expressed relative to DMSO treated control cells. |
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S1166 |
CisplatinCisplatin (cisplatinum, cis-diamminedichloroplatinum II, CDDP) is an inorganic platinum complex, which is able to inhibit DNA synthesis by conforming DNA adducts in tumor cells. Cisplatin activates ferroptosis and induces autophagy. Solutions are best fresh-prepared. |
![]() ![]() Cell viabilities with increasing concentrations of cisplatin (CP) and doxorubicin (DOXO) under normoxic and hypoxic condition for 48 hours were determined by MTT assay. IC50 values are presented as the means ?SDs (n=4) and * denotes p<0.05. |
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S1007 |
Roxadustat (FG-4592)Roxadustat (FG-4592) is an HIF-α prolyl hydroxylase inhibitor in a cell-free assay, stabilizes HIF-2 and induces EPO production. Roxadustat potentiates RSL3 induced ferroptosis. Phase 3. |
![]() ![]() Immunoblots showing dose-dependent HIF-1α stabilization in U2OS, HeLa and Hep3b (and HIF-2α) cells after 6 hours treatment with FG-4592.
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S2111 |
LapatinibLapatinib (GSK572016), used in the form of Lapatinib Ditosylate, is a potent EGFR and ErbB2 inhibitor with IC50 of 10.8 and 9.2 nM in cell-free assays, respectively. Lapatinib induces ferroptosis and autophagic cell death. |
![]() ![]() Aberrantly activated PI3K/AKT pathway mediates lapatinib resistance in SK-BR-3-LR cells. (A and B) After drug treatment, phosphorylation of HER2, EGFR, AKT, and ERK1/2 was determined by Western blotting using specific antibodies. |
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S9663New |
iFSP1iFSP1 is a potent, selective and glutathione-independent inhibitor of ferroptosis suppressor protein 1 (FSP1/AIFM2) with EC50 of 103 nM. iFSP1 selectively induces ferroptosis in GPX4-knockout Pfa1 and HT1080 cells that overexpresses FSP1. |
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S1792 |
SimvastatinSimvastatin (MK-0733) is a competitive inhibitor of HMG-CoA reductase with Ki of 0.1-0.2 nM in cell-free assays. Simvastatin induces ferroptosis, mitophagy, autophagy and apoptosis. |
![]() ![]() Statin-Related Inhibition of Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate (DHEAS) Uptake by SLCO2B1 in Prostate Cancer (PC) Cells. B, Uptake of DHEAS in PC cells with 2.5 µM DHEAS and different concentrations of statins when incubated for 60 minutes. Statistical analysis was performed by comparing each condition with the DHEAS 2.5 µM and no statin state except when indicated. C, Uptake of DHEAS in PC cells before (scrambled short hairpin RNA) and after (short hairpin RNA 2B1) SLCO2B1 is knocked down when incubated with 2.5 μM DHEAS and 100 μM atorvastatin for 10 and 60 minutes. Statistical analysis was performed by comparing each condition with scrambled short hairpin RNA after 10 minutes with DHEAS except when indicated. P = .02 for the comparison between scrambled short hairpin RNA with 10 vs 60 minutes of DHEAS incubation for LNCaP and .01 for 22RV1. Other P values are indicated in the figure. Bars indicate means and error bars indicate standard deviation. |
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S1712 |
DeferasiroxDeferasirox (CGP-72670, ICL-670) is an iron chelator, also a cytochrome P450 3A4 inducer, Cytochrome P450 2C8 inhibitor, and Cytochrome P450 1A2 inhibitor. Deferasirox-induced iron depletion promotes BclxL downregulation and cell death. |
![]() ![]() U2OS cells were cultured with FAC for 24 hours, washed, followed by chelation with 2 chelators (DFO, DFX) -/+ lysosomal protease inhibitors (E-64d and PepstatinA) and analyzed as in panel A. DFX: Deferasirox. |
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S7397 |
SorafenibSorafenib (BAY 43-9006) is a multikinase inhibitor of Raf-1 and B-Raf with IC50 of 6 nM and 22 nM in cell-free assays, respectively. Sorafenib inhibits VEGFR-2, VEGFR-3, PDGFR-β, Flt-3 and c-KIT with IC50 of 90 nM, 20 nM, 57 nM, 59 nM and 68 nM, respectively. Sorafenib induces autophagy and apoptosis and activates ferroptosis with anti-tumor activity. |
![]() ![]() Involvement of EV linc-VLDLR in tumor cell responses to chemotherapy. Cells were incubated with sorafenib, camptothecin, or doxorubicin. EVs were obtained after 24 hours, and qRT-PCR was performed for linc-VLDLR. The bars represent the mean ?SEM of the increase in cell viability from 3 independent studies. *, P < 0.05.
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S7242 |
ErastinErastin is a ferroptosis activator by acting on mitochondrial VDAC, exhibiting selectivity for tumor cells bearing oncogenic RAS. |
![]() ![]() Western blot analysis indicated protein expression in PDAC cells following treatment with erastin (2.5-40 μmol/L) for 24 hours (n=3, * P < 0.05 vs. untreated group) |
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S1576 |
SulfasalazineSulfasalazine (Azulfidine, Salazopyrin, Sulphasalazine) is a sulfa derivative of mesalazine, used as an anti-inflammatory agent to treat bowel disease and rheumatoid arthritis. Sulfasalazine is a potent and specific inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), TGF-β and COX-2. Sulfasalazine induces ferroptosis, apoptosis and autophagy. |
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S7309 |
BAY 87-2243BAY 87-2243 is a potent and selective hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) inhibitor. BAY 87-2243 inhibits mitochondrial complex I activity, thus triggering a mitophagy-dependent ROS increase leading to necroptosis and ferroptosis. BAY 87-2243 exerts antitumor activity. Phase 1. |
![]() ![]() Cells were plated at low density, treated with the indicated compounds and scored for resistance. Abbreviations: osimertinib (Osi), phenformin (Phen), metformin (Met), buformin (Buf), BAY 87-2243 (BAY), oligomycin (Oligo).
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S8254 |
FIN56FIN56 is a specific inducer of ferroptosis . |
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S8155 |
RSL3RSL3 is a ferroptosis activator in a VDAC-independent manner,exhibiting selectivity for tumor cells bearing oncogenic RAS. RSL3 binds, inactivates GPX4 and thus mediates GPX4-regulated ferroptosis. |
![]() ![]() (D) Representative western blot and (E) densitometry showing protein levels of HO-1 in HO-1+/+ PTCs treated with RSL3 over time. Data shown represent the Mean ± SEM of three independent experiments performed each time in triplicate; * = p<0.05, ** = p<0.01 compared to lower concentration at each time point. |
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S8661 |
CA3 (CIL56)CA3 (CIL56) has potent inhibitory effects on YAP1/Tead transcriptional activity and primarily targets YAP1 high and therapy-resistant esophageal adenocarcinoma cells endowed with CSC properties. CA3(CIL56) induces ferroptosis and iron-dependent reactive oxygen species (ROS). |
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S8790 |
ML385ML385 is a novel and specific NRF2 inhibitor with an IC50 of 1.9 μM. It inhibits the downstream target gene expression of NRF2. NRF2 regulates the activity of several ferroptosis and lipid peroxidation-related proteins. |
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S8877 |
Imidazole ketone erastinImidazole ketone erastin (PUN30119, IKE) is a potent, selective, and metabolically stable system xc– inhibitor and inducer of ferroptosis. |
Catalog No. | Information | Product Use Citations | Product Validations |
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S1077 |
SB202190 (FHPI)SB202190 (FHPI) is a potent p38 MAPK inhibitor targeting p38α/β with IC50 of 50 nM/100 nM in cell-free assays, sometimes used instead of SB 203580 to investigate potential roles for SAPK2a/p38 in vivo. SB202190 inhibits endothelial cell apoptosis via induction of autophagy and heme oxygenase-1. SB202190 significantly suppresses Erastin‐dependent ferroptosis. |
![]() ![]() C, Jurkat cells with SB202190 at 1, 5, and 10 μM were tested, and a decreased SRP72 expression was found when using at 10 μM (lanes 8 and 9). D, results were analyzed and RUA illustrated, finding significant results at 10 μM at 240 versus 0 and 120 versus 0 min (p<0.05).
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S0788New |
ML 210ML-210 (CID 49766530) is a selective covalent inhibitor of cellular glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) with EC50 of 0.04 μM and induces ferroptosis. ML-210 can selectively kill cells induced to express mutant RAS. ML-210 exhibits anti-cancer activity. |
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S2505 |
Rosiglitazone maleateRosiglitazone maleate (BRL 49653), a member of the thiazolidinedione class of antihyperglycaemic agents, is a high-affinity selective agonist of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ) with IC50 of 42 nM. Rosiglitazone maleate also modulates TRP channels and induces autophagy. Rosiglitazone prevents ferroptosis. |
![]() ![]() Total and phosphorylated Akt were detected by western blot in protein lysates of liver, inguinal WAT and gastrocnemius muscle from mice that were treated with an insulin bolus after an overnight fast. |
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S2556 |
RosiglitazoneRosiglitazone (BRL 49653) is a potent antihyperglycemic agent and a potent thiazolidinedione insulin sensitizer with IC50 of 12, 4 and 9 nM for rat, 3T3-L1 and human adipocytes, respectively. Rosiglitazone is a pure ligand of PPAR-gamma, and has no PPAR-alpha-binding action. Rosiglitazone modulates TRP channels and induces autophagy. Rosiglitazone prevents ferroptosis. |
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S8078 |
Bardoxolone MethylBardoxolone Methyl (RTA 402, TP-155, NSC 713200, CDDO Methyl Ester, CDDO-Me) is an IKK inhibitor, showing potent proapoptotic and anti-inflammatory activities; Also a potent Nrf2 activator and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) inhibitor. Bardoxolone Methyl abrogates ferroptosis. Bardoxolone methyl induces apoptosis and autophagy in cancer cells. |
![]() ![]() Renal Nrf2 activity was shown in RTA402-treated acFSGS (RTA402 + acFSGS) mice as early as day 7 (RTA402 + acFSGS) and persisted to day 28, compared to vehicle + acFSGS mice. Kidney in situ ROS production demonstrated by DHE detection.
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S3031 |
LinagliptinLinagliptin (BI-1356) is a highly potent, selective DPP-4 inhibitor with IC50 of 1 nM and exhibits a 10,000-fold higher selectivity for DPP-4 than for other dipeptidyl peptidases such as DPP-2, DPP-8, and DPP-9. Linagliptin activates glomerular autophagy in a model of type 2 diabetes. DPP4 mediates ferroptosis in TP53-deficient CRC cells. |
![]() ![]() Effect of linagliptin on oxidative stress in rat hearts suffered from 9 h of hypothermic preservation followed by 60 min of reperfusion. (A) Representative image of NOX2 detected by western blotting. (B). Densitometric analysis showing the expression of NOX2 using β‑actin for normalization. Data are mean ± S.E.M. (n = 3) and expressed as fold increase relative to the value of control group. (C-E) Measurement of MnSOD activity, ROS and MDA content. Data are expressed as mean ± S.E.M., n = 8. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 vs control group; #P < 0.05, ##P < 0.01 vs Celsior group. NOX2: NADPH oxidase 2; MnSOD: manganese superoxide dismutase; ROS: reactive oxygen species; MDA: malondialdehyde.
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S1623 |
Acetylcysteine (N-acetylcysteine)Acetylcysteine (N-acetyl-l-cysteine, NAC) is a ROS(reactive oxygen species) inhibitor that antagonizes the activity of proteasome inhibitors. It is also a tumor necrosis factor production inhibitor. Acetylcysteine(N-acetyl-l-cysteine) suppresses TNF-induced NF-κB activation through inhibition of IκB kinases. Acetylcysteine(N-acetyl-l-cysteine) induces apoptosis via the mitochondria-dependent pathway. Acetylcysteine(N-acetyl-l-cysteine) inhibits ferroptosis and virus replication.Solutions of Acetylcysteine are best fresh-prepared. |
![]() ![]() (C) Double immunolabeling showed CK-labeled cells (green) co-expressed with 40, 6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) (blue), scale bars are 50 μm.
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S1848 |
CurcuminCurcumin (Diferuloylmethane) is the principal curcuminoid of the popular Indian spice turmeric, which is a member of the ginger family (Zingiberaceae). It is an inhibitor of p300 histone acetylatransferase(IC50~25 μM) and Histone deacetylase (HDAC); activates Nrf2 pathway and supresses the activation of transcription factor NF-κB. Curcumin induces mitophagy, autophagy, apoptosis, and cell cycle arrest with antitumor activity. Curcumin reduces renal damage associated with rhabdomyolysis by decreasing ferroptosis-mediated cell death. Curcumin exhibits anti-infective properties against various human pathogens like the influenza virus, hepatitis C virus, HIV and so on. |
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S1443 |
ZileutonZileuton (A-64077) is an orally active inhibitor of 5-lipoxygenase, and thus inhibits leukotrienes (LTB4, LTC4, LTD4, and LTE4) formation, used to decrease the symptoms of asthma. Zileuton induces apoptosis while inhibits ferroptosis. |
![]() ![]() CD19+ B cells (A) or PBMCs (B) from a healthy donor were treated with zileuton (10 μM) prior to 17-HDHA or RvD1 treatment, followed by stimulation with the IgE-inducing cocktail. Cell culture supernatants were collected at day 7, and IgE levels were measured. The experiment was done in one representative donor (mean ± SEM). Data were analyzed by 1-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post test, **P ≤ 0.01, ***P ≤ 0.001. PBMC, peripheral blood mononuclear cell.
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S2046 |
Pioglitazone HClPioglitazone HCl (AD-4833, U-72107E) is an inhibitor of cytochrome P450 (CYP)2C8 and CYP3A4 enzymes. Pioglitazone HCl inhibits CYP2C8, CYP3A4 and CYP2C9 with Ki of 1.7 μM, 11.8 μM and 32.1 μM, respectively. Pioglitazone HCl is also a selective peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARγ) agonist with EC50 of 0.93 μM and 0.99 μM for human PPARγ and mouse PPARγ, respectively. Pioglitazone HCl inhibits mitochondrial iron uptake, lipid peroxidation, and subsequent ferroptosis. |
![]() ![]() Primary hepatocytes were treated with or without 20μM Wy14643/Pioglitazone/Rosiglitazone for 24h followed by stimulation with or without 1μg/ml recombinant human FGF21 for 15min. FGF21 signaling was analyzed by phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and FRS2 examination. |
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S7243 |
Ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1)Ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1) is a potent and selective inhibitor of ferroptosis with EC50 of 60 nM. |
![]() ![]() Indicated HCC cells were treated with sorafenib (5 µM) and erastin (10 µM) with or without cell death inhibitors (ferrostatin-1, 1 µM; liprostatin-1, 100nM; ZVAD-FMK,10 µM; necrosulfonamide, 0.5 µM) for 24 hours and cell viability was assayed (n=3, *p < 0.05 versus sorafenib or erastin treatment group).
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S3984 |
Nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA)Nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA) is a phenolic antioxidant found in the leaves and twigs of the evergreen desert shrub, Larrea tridentata (Sesse and Moc. ex DC) Coville (creosote bush). It is a recognized inhibitor of lipoxygenase (LOX) and has antioxidant and free radical scavenging properties. Nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA) is a cytotoxic insulin-like growth factor-I receptor (IGF-1R)/HER2 inhibitor and induces apoptosis. Nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA) inhibits p300 and activates autophagy. Nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA) protects cells from ferroptosis. |
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S7699 |
Liproxstatin-1Liproxstatin-1 is a potent ferroptosis inhibitor with an IC50 of 22 nM. |
![]() ![]() (D) Indicated NRF2 knockdown HCC cells were treated with erastin (10 μM) and sorafenib (5 μM) with or without indicated inhibitors (ferrostatin-1, 1 μM; liproxstatin-1, 100 nM; ZVAD-FMK, 10 μM; necrostatin-1, 10 μM; necrosulfonamide, 0.5 μM) for 24 hours, and cell viability was assayed (n 5 3, *P < 0.05). Abbreviation: GAPDH, glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase. |
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S8432 |
Troglitazone (CS-045)Troglitazone (Rezulin, Romglizone, Prelay, CS045, Romozin) is a potent agonist for the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-(PPAR) that is a ligand activated transcription factor regulating cell differentiation and growth. Troglitazone induces autophagy, apoptosis and necroptosis in bladder cancer cells. Troglitazone prevents RSL3-induced ferroptosis and lipid peroxidation in Pfa1 cells. |
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S8792 |
UAMC-3203UAMC-3203 is an improved ferroptosis inhibitor with an IC50 value of 10 nM in IMR-32 neuroblastoma cells. |
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S7171 |
Setanaxib (GKT137831)Setanaxib (GKT137831) is a potent, dual NADPH oxidase NOX1/NOX4 inhibitor with Ki of 110 nM and 140 nM, respectively. Treatment with GKT137831 suppresses reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. GKT137831 partly inhibits ferroptosis. |
![]() ![]() (C) Indicated macrophages were treated with LPS (100 ng/mL) in the absence or presence of GKT137831 (1 μmol/L) for 24 h. PKM2 mRNA and lactate levels were assayed (n = 3, *, p < 0.05 versus LPS group). |
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S5742 |
Deferoxamine mesylateDeferoxamine mesylate (Desferrioxamine B) is the mesylate salt of Deferoxamine, which forms iron complexes and is used as a chelating agent. Deferoxamine is a ferroptosis inhibitor that stabilizes HIF-1α expression and improves HIF-1α transactivity in hypoxic and hyperglycemic states in vitro. Deferoxamine decreases beta-amyloid (Aβ) deposition and induces autophagy. |
Catalog No. | Information | Product Use Citations | Product Validations |
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S1040 |
Sorafenib TosylateSorafenib Tosylate (Bay 43-9006) is a multikinase inhibitor of Raf-1 and B-Raf with IC50 of 6 nM and 22 nM in cell-free assays, respectively. Sorafenib Tosylate inhibits VEGFR-2, VEGFR-3, PDGFR-β, Flt-3 and c-KIT with IC50 of 90 nM, 20 nM, 57 nM, 59 nM and 68 nM, respectively. Sorafenib Tosylate induces autophagy and apoptosis and activates ferroptosis with anti-tumor activity. |
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Inhibition of breast cancer cell growth using sorafenib. MCF-7 breast cancer cells were treated with increasing concentrations of sorafenib for 5 days. Cell number was measured using a colorimetric growth assay (crystal violet stain) and expressed relative to DMSO treated control cells. |
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S1166 |
CisplatinCisplatin (cisplatinum, cis-diamminedichloroplatinum II, CDDP) is an inorganic platinum complex, which is able to inhibit DNA synthesis by conforming DNA adducts in tumor cells. Cisplatin activates ferroptosis and induces autophagy. Solutions are best fresh-prepared. |
![]() ![]() Cell viabilities with increasing concentrations of cisplatin (CP) and doxorubicin (DOXO) under normoxic and hypoxic condition for 48 hours were determined by MTT assay. IC50 values are presented as the means ?SDs (n=4) and * denotes p<0.05. |
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S1007 |
Roxadustat (FG-4592)Roxadustat (FG-4592) is an HIF-α prolyl hydroxylase inhibitor in a cell-free assay, stabilizes HIF-2 and induces EPO production. Roxadustat potentiates RSL3 induced ferroptosis. Phase 3. |
![]() ![]() Immunoblots showing dose-dependent HIF-1α stabilization in U2OS, HeLa and Hep3b (and HIF-2α) cells after 6 hours treatment with FG-4592.
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S2111 |
LapatinibLapatinib (GSK572016), used in the form of Lapatinib Ditosylate, is a potent EGFR and ErbB2 inhibitor with IC50 of 10.8 and 9.2 nM in cell-free assays, respectively. Lapatinib induces ferroptosis and autophagic cell death. |
![]() ![]() Aberrantly activated PI3K/AKT pathway mediates lapatinib resistance in SK-BR-3-LR cells. (A and B) After drug treatment, phosphorylation of HER2, EGFR, AKT, and ERK1/2 was determined by Western blotting using specific antibodies. |
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S9663New |
iFSP1iFSP1 is a potent, selective and glutathione-independent inhibitor of ferroptosis suppressor protein 1 (FSP1/AIFM2) with EC50 of 103 nM. iFSP1 selectively induces ferroptosis in GPX4-knockout Pfa1 and HT1080 cells that overexpresses FSP1. |
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S1792 |
SimvastatinSimvastatin (MK-0733) is a competitive inhibitor of HMG-CoA reductase with Ki of 0.1-0.2 nM in cell-free assays. Simvastatin induces ferroptosis, mitophagy, autophagy and apoptosis. |
![]() ![]() Statin-Related Inhibition of Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate (DHEAS) Uptake by SLCO2B1 in Prostate Cancer (PC) Cells. B, Uptake of DHEAS in PC cells with 2.5 µM DHEAS and different concentrations of statins when incubated for 60 minutes. Statistical analysis was performed by comparing each condition with the DHEAS 2.5 µM and no statin state except when indicated. C, Uptake of DHEAS in PC cells before (scrambled short hairpin RNA) and after (short hairpin RNA 2B1) SLCO2B1 is knocked down when incubated with 2.5 μM DHEAS and 100 μM atorvastatin for 10 and 60 minutes. Statistical analysis was performed by comparing each condition with scrambled short hairpin RNA after 10 minutes with DHEAS except when indicated. P = .02 for the comparison between scrambled short hairpin RNA with 10 vs 60 minutes of DHEAS incubation for LNCaP and .01 for 22RV1. Other P values are indicated in the figure. Bars indicate means and error bars indicate standard deviation. |
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S1712 |
DeferasiroxDeferasirox (CGP-72670, ICL-670) is an iron chelator, also a cytochrome P450 3A4 inducer, Cytochrome P450 2C8 inhibitor, and Cytochrome P450 1A2 inhibitor. Deferasirox-induced iron depletion promotes BclxL downregulation and cell death. |
![]() ![]() U2OS cells were cultured with FAC for 24 hours, washed, followed by chelation with 2 chelators (DFO, DFX) -/+ lysosomal protease inhibitors (E-64d and PepstatinA) and analyzed as in panel A. DFX: Deferasirox. |
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S7397 |
SorafenibSorafenib (BAY 43-9006) is a multikinase inhibitor of Raf-1 and B-Raf with IC50 of 6 nM and 22 nM in cell-free assays, respectively. Sorafenib inhibits VEGFR-2, VEGFR-3, PDGFR-β, Flt-3 and c-KIT with IC50 of 90 nM, 20 nM, 57 nM, 59 nM and 68 nM, respectively. Sorafenib induces autophagy and apoptosis and activates ferroptosis with anti-tumor activity. |
![]() ![]() Involvement of EV linc-VLDLR in tumor cell responses to chemotherapy. Cells were incubated with sorafenib, camptothecin, or doxorubicin. EVs were obtained after 24 hours, and qRT-PCR was performed for linc-VLDLR. The bars represent the mean ?SEM of the increase in cell viability from 3 independent studies. *, P < 0.05.
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S7242 |
ErastinErastin is a ferroptosis activator by acting on mitochondrial VDAC, exhibiting selectivity for tumor cells bearing oncogenic RAS. |
![]() ![]() Western blot analysis indicated protein expression in PDAC cells following treatment with erastin (2.5-40 μmol/L) for 24 hours (n=3, * P < 0.05 vs. untreated group) |
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S1576 |
SulfasalazineSulfasalazine (Azulfidine, Salazopyrin, Sulphasalazine) is a sulfa derivative of mesalazine, used as an anti-inflammatory agent to treat bowel disease and rheumatoid arthritis. Sulfasalazine is a potent and specific inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), TGF-β and COX-2. Sulfasalazine induces ferroptosis, apoptosis and autophagy. |
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S7309 |
BAY 87-2243BAY 87-2243 is a potent and selective hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) inhibitor. BAY 87-2243 inhibits mitochondrial complex I activity, thus triggering a mitophagy-dependent ROS increase leading to necroptosis and ferroptosis. BAY 87-2243 exerts antitumor activity. Phase 1. |
![]() ![]() Cells were plated at low density, treated with the indicated compounds and scored for resistance. Abbreviations: osimertinib (Osi), phenformin (Phen), metformin (Met), buformin (Buf), BAY 87-2243 (BAY), oligomycin (Oligo).
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S8254 |
FIN56FIN56 is a specific inducer of ferroptosis . |
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S8155 |
RSL3RSL3 is a ferroptosis activator in a VDAC-independent manner,exhibiting selectivity for tumor cells bearing oncogenic RAS. RSL3 binds, inactivates GPX4 and thus mediates GPX4-regulated ferroptosis. |
![]() ![]() (D) Representative western blot and (E) densitometry showing protein levels of HO-1 in HO-1+/+ PTCs treated with RSL3 over time. Data shown represent the Mean ± SEM of three independent experiments performed each time in triplicate; * = p<0.05, ** = p<0.01 compared to lower concentration at each time point. |
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S8661 |
CA3 (CIL56)CA3 (CIL56) has potent inhibitory effects on YAP1/Tead transcriptional activity and primarily targets YAP1 high and therapy-resistant esophageal adenocarcinoma cells endowed with CSC properties. CA3(CIL56) induces ferroptosis and iron-dependent reactive oxygen species (ROS). |
Catalog No. | Information | Product Use Citations | Product Validations |
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S8790 |
ML385ML385 is a novel and specific NRF2 inhibitor with an IC50 of 1.9 μM. It inhibits the downstream target gene expression of NRF2. NRF2 regulates the activity of several ferroptosis and lipid peroxidation-related proteins. |
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S8877 |
Imidazole ketone erastinImidazole ketone erastin (PUN30119, IKE) is a potent, selective, and metabolically stable system xc– inhibitor and inducer of ferroptosis. |