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p38 MAPK

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p38 MAPK Signaling Pathway Map

Isoform-selective Inhibitors

p38 MAPK Products

All (35)
p38 MAPK Inhibitors (27)
p38 MAPK Antibodies (1)
p38 MAPK Activators (5)
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p38 MAPK Modulators (1)
New p38 MAPK Products

Catalog No.	Product Name	Information	Product Use Citations
S0186	TA-01	TA-01 is a potent inhibitor of CK1δ/ε and p38 MAPK with IC50 of 6.4 nM, 6.8 nM and 6.7 nM for CK1ε, CK1δ and p38 MAPK, respectively.
S0542	R1487	R1487 is an orally bioavailable and highly selective inhibitor of p38α with an ic50 value of 10 nM.	Drug Test Anal, 2020, 10.1002/dta.2917
S0752	AUDA	AUDA (compound 43) is a potent inhibitor of soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) with IC50 of 18 nM and 69 nM for the mouse sEH and human sEH, respectively. AUDA has anti-inflammatory activity that reduces the protein expression of MMP-9, IL-1β, TNF-α and TGF-β. AUDA downregulates Smad3 and p38 signaling pathways.
S1076	Adezmapimod (SB203580)	Adezmapimod (SB203580, RWJ 64809, PB 203580) is a p38 MAPK inhibitor with IC50 of 0.3-0.5 μM in THP-1 cells, 10-fold less sensitive to SAPK3(106T) and SAPK4(106T) and blocks PKB phosphorylation with IC50 of 3-5 μM. SB203580 induces mitophagy and autophagy.	Biomed Pharmacother, 2022, 145:112437 Life Sci, 2022, 290:120236 Nature, 2021, 600(7888):314-318
S1077	SB202190 (FHPI)	SB202190 (FHPI) is a potent p38 MAPK inhibitor targeting p38α/β with IC50 of 50 nM/100 nM in cell-free assays, sometimes used instead of SB 203580 to investigate potential roles for SAPK2a/p38 in vivo. SB202190 inhibits endothelial cell apoptosis via induction of autophagy and heme oxygenase-1. SB202190 significantly suppresses Erastin‐dependent ferroptosis.	Nature, 2021, 600(7888):314-318 Immunity, 2021, S1074-7613(21)00210-7 Nat Commun, 2021, 12(1):6941
S1458	Neflamapimod (VX-745)	Neflamapimod (VX-745) is a potent and selective inhibitor of p38α with IC50 of 10 nM, 22-fold greater selectivity versus p38β and no inhibition to p38γ.	EMBO J, 2021, e106188 Cell, 2020, 182(3):685-712.e19 Cell, 2020, 182(3):685-712.e19
S1494	Ralimetinib (LY2228820) dimesylate	Ralimetinib (LY2228820) dimesylate is a novel and potent inhibitor of p38 MAPK with IC50 of 7 nM in a cell-free assay, does not alter p38 MAPK activation. Phase 1/2.	Nat Commun, 2021, 12(1):1717 Cell Death Differ, 2021, 10.1038/s41418-021-00855-3 Cell Death Dis, 2021, 12(4):316
S1574	Doramapimod (BIRB 796)	Doramapimod (BIRB 796) is a pan-p38 MAPK inhibitor with IC50 of 38 nM, 65 nM, 200 nM and 520 nM for p38α/β/γ/δ in cell-free assays, and binds p38α with K_d of 0.1 nM in THP-1 cells, 330-fold greater selectivity versus JNK2, weak inhibition for c-RAF, Fyn and Lck, insignificant inhibition of ERK-1, SYK, IKK2.	Immunity, 2021, S1074-7613(21)00403-9 Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 2021, 118(38)e2102423118 J Immunother Cancer, 2021, 9(7)e002319
S2726	PH-797804	PH-797804 is a novel pyridinone inhibitor of p38α with IC50 of 26 nM in a cell-free assay; 4-fold more selective versus p38β and does not inhibit JNK2. Phase 2.	Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 2021, 118(29)e2024562118 Aging (Albany NY), 2021, 13(5):6346-6358 Cell, 2020, 182(3):685-712.e19
S2928	TAK-715	TAK-715 is a p38 MAPK inhibitor for p38α with IC50 of 7.1 nM, 28-fold more selective for p38α over p38β, no inhibition to p38γ/δ, JNK1, ERK1, IKKβ, MEKK1 or TAK1. Phase 2.	Oncogene, 2021, 10.1038/s41388-020-01628-x Cell, 2020, 182(3):685-712.e19 Cell, 2020, 182(3):685-712.e19
S3940	3'-Hydroxypterostilbene	3'-Hydroxypterostilbene (3'-HPT) is one of the active constituents of Sphaerophysa salsula and Pterocarpus marsupium which may be useful in treating different types of haematological malignancies. 3'-Hydroxypterostilbene, a natural pterostilbene analogue, effectively inhibits the growth of human colon cancer cells (IC50s of 9.0, 40.2, and 70.9 µM for COLO 205, HCT-116, and HT-29 cells, respectively) by inducing apoptosis and autophagy. 3'-Hydroxypterostilbene inhibits the PI3K/Akt/mTOR/p70S6K, and p38MAPK pathways and activates the ERK1/2, JNK1/2 MAPK pathways.
S4884	Trans-Zeatin	Trans-Zeatina ((E)-Zeatin) is the member of the plant growth hormone family known as cytokinins, which regulate cell division, development, and nutrient processing. Trans-Zeatin inhibits UVB-induced MMP-1 expression, c-Jun activation and phosphorylation of ERK, JNK and p38 MAP kinases (MAPKs) dose-dependently.
S5183	PD 169316	PD 169316 is a potent, selective and cell-permeable p38 MAP kinase inhibitor with IC50 of 89 nM. PD169316 abrogates signaling initiated by both TGFbeta and Activin A. PD169316 shows antiviral activity against Enterovirus71.	PLoS One, 2021, 16(5):e0252541
S5967^New	Berberine chloride hydrate	Berberine (Natural Yellow 18) chloride hydrate is a quaternary ammonium salt from the group of isoquinoline alkaloids. Berberine activates caspase 3 and caspase 8, cleavage of poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) and the release of cytochrome c. Berberine chloride decreases the expression of c-IAP1, Bcl-2 and Bcl-XL. Berberine chloride induces apoptosis with sustained phosphorylation of JNK and p38 MAPK, as well as generation of the ROS. Berberine chloride is a dual topoisomerase I and II inhibitor. Berberine chloride is also a potential autophagy modulator.	Front Pharmacol, 2021, 12:632201
S6005	VX-702	VX-702 is a highly selective inhibitor of p38α MAPK, 14-fold higher potency against the p38α versus p38β. Phase 2.	Cancers (Basel), 2021, 13(6)1205 Int J Mol Sci, 2021, 22(9)4960 PLoS One, 2021, 16(5):e0250120
S6502	SD 0006	SD0006 is an inhibitor of p38 kinase-alpha (p38alpha) with IC50 values of 0.016 μM and 0.677 μM for p38α and p38β. It is selective for p38α kinase over 50 other kinases screened (including p38γ and p38δ with modest selectivity over p38β).	Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci, 2020, 24(21):10966-10974
S6807	TA-02	TA-02 is a p38 MAPK inhibitor with IC50 of 20 nM. TA-02 especially inhibits TGFBR-2.
S6920	SEA0400	SEA0400 is a selective and potent inhibitor of the Na+-Ca2+ exchanger (NCX) that inhibits Na+-dependent Ca2+ uptake in cultured neurons, astrocytes, and microglia with IC50 of 33 nM, 5.0 nM and 8.3 nM, respectively. SEA0400 prevents sodium nitroprusside (SNP) from increasing ERK and p38 MAPK phosphorylation and production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in an extracellular Ca(2+)-dependent manner.
S7214	Skepinone-L	Skepinone-L (CBS3830) is a selective p38α-MAPK inhibitor with IC50 of 5 nM.	Am J Physiol Renal Physiol, 2020, 318(2):F322-F328 Mol Cancer Ther, 2019, 18(9):1506-1519 Cancer Res, 2018, 78(5):1275-1292
S7215	Losmapimod (GW856553X)	Losmapimod (GW856553X, GW856553, GSK-AHAB) is a selective, potent, and orally active p38 MAPK inhibitor with pK_i of 8.1 and 7.6 for p38α and p38β, respectively. P38 MAPKs are involved in cell differentiation, apoptosis and autophagy. Phase 3.	Free Radic Biol Med, 2021, 167:243-257 Cell, 2020, 182(3):685-712.e19 Cell, 2020, 182(3):685-712.e19
S7741	SB239063	SB239063 is a potent and selective p38 MAPKα/β inhibitor with IC50 of 44 nM, showing no activity against the γ- and δ-kinase isoforms.	EBioMedicine, 2021, 66:103290 Biomed Pharmacother, 2021, 134:111155 J Agric Food Chem, 2021, 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c00199
S7799	Pexmetinib (ARRY-614)	Pexmetinib (ARRY-614) is a potent, orally bioavailable, dual p38 MAPK/Tie-2 inhibitor with IC50 of 4 nM/18 nM in a HEK-293 cell line. Phase 1.	Theranostics, 2021, 11(4):1626-1640 Sci Rep, 2021, 11(1):5752 J Pharmacol Exp Ther, 2019, 370(2):219-230
S8124	BMS-582949	BMS-582949 (PS540446) is a potent and selective p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) inhibitor with IC50 of 13nM,inhibiting both p38 kinase activity and activation of p38.	EMBO J, 2021, e107182 Cell, 2020, 182(3):685-712.e19 Cell, 2020, 182(3):685-712.e19
S8125	Pamapimod	Pamapimod (R-1503, Ro4402257) is a novel, selective inhibitor of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase. It inhibits p38α and p38β enzymatic activity with IC50 values of 0.014±0.002 and 0.48± 0.04 microM, respectively with no activity against p38delta or p38gamma isoforms.	J Leukoc Biol, 2020, 10.1002/JLB.3A0120-379RR J Pharmacol Exp Ther, 2020, 374(3):489-498 Nat Commun, 2019, 10(1):688
S8706	UM-164	UM-164 is a highly potent, dual c-Src/p38inhibitor of c-Src with a binding constant Kd of 2.7 nM for c-Src and inhibits both p38α and p38β.
S9075	Mulberroside A	Mulberroside A, isolated from the ethanol extract of Morus alba roots, is widely employed as an active ingredient in cosmetic products due to its anti-tyrosinase and anti-oxidant activities. Mulberroside A decreases the expressions of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 and inhibits the activation of NALP3, caspase-1 and NF-κB and the phosphorylation of ERK, JNK and p38.
S9315	Praeruptorin A	Praeruptorin A, a naturally existing pyranocumarin, is isolated from the dried root of Peucedanum praeruptorum Dunn. Praeruptorin A inhibits p38/Akt-c-Fos-NFATc1 signaling and PLCγ-independent Ca2+ oscillation. Praeruptorin A can significantly upregulates multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 expression via the constitutive androstane receptor-mediated pathway in vitro, and this should be taken as an herb-drug interaction.
A5017	p38 MAPK Rabbit Recombinant mAb	p38 MAPK Rabbit Recombinant mAb detects endogenous levels of p38 MAPK.	J Nat Med, 2020, 10.1007/s11418-020-01452-3
S1950	Metformin HCl	Metformin HCl (1,1-Dimethylbiguanide HCl) decreases hyperglycemia in hepatocytes primarily by suppressing glucose production by the liver (hepatic gluconeogenesis). Metformin promotes mitophagy in mononuclear cells. Metformin induces apoptosis of lung cancer cells through activating JNK/p38 MAPK pathway and GADD153.	Immunity, 2021, S1074-7613(21)00210-7 Cell Res, 2021, 10.1038/s41422-021-00565-y Mol Cell, 2021, S1097-2765(21)00232-X
S2266	Asiatic Acid	Asiatic acid (Dammarolic acid, Asiantic acid) is the aglycone of asiaticoside isolated from the plant Centella asiatica, commonly used in wound healing.	Oxid Med Cell Longev, 2021, 2021:5519587 Front Oncol, 2021, 11:724435 J Mater Chem B, 2019, 7(40):6125-6138
S2271	Berberine chloride (NSC 646666)	Berberine chloride (NSC 646666, Natural Yellow 18) is a quaternary ammonium salt from the group of isoquinoline alkaloids. Berberine activates caspase 3 and caspase 8, cleavage of poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) and the release of cytochrome c. Berberine chloride decreases the expression of c-IAP1, Bcl-2 and Bcl-XL. Berberine chloride induces apoptosis with sustained phosphorylation of JNK and p38 MAPK, as well as generation of the ROS. Berberine chloride is a dual topoisomerase I and II inhibitor. Berberine chloride is also a potential autophagy modulator.	Front Pharmacol, 2021, 12:632201 Molecules, 2021, 26(5)1210 Biology (Basel), 2021, 10(3)250
S5958^New	Metformin	Metformin (1,1-Dimethylbiguanide), a widely used drug for treatment of type 2 diabetes, activates AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in hepatocytes. Metformin promotes mitophagy in mononuclear cells. Metformin induces apoptosis of lung cancer cells through activating JNK/p38 MAPK pathway and GADD153.	Cell Res, 2021, 10.1038/s41422-021-00565-y Theranostics, 2021, 11(16):8112-8128 Autophagy, 2021, 1-14
S7686	ML141	ML141 (CID-2950007) is demonstrated to be a potent, selective and reversible non-competitive inhibitor of Cdc42 GTPase suitable for in vitro assays, with IC50 of 200 nM and selectivity against other members of the Rho family of GTPases (Rac1, Rab2, Rab7). ML141 is associated with an increase in p38 activation and may induce p38-dependent apoptosis/senescence. ML141 also protects neuroblastoma cells from metformin-induced apoptosis.	Cell Rep, 2021, 36(1):109254 FASEB J, 2021, 35(5):e21598 Sci Rep, 2021, 11(1):8168
S6347^New	5'-N-Ethylcarboxamidoadenosine (NECA)	5'-N-Ethylcarboxamidoadenosine (NECA, 5'-(N-Ethylcarboxamido)adenosine, Adenosine-5'N-ethylcarboxamide, 5'-Ethylcarboxamidoadenosine) is a stable, nonselective adenosine receptor agonist. 5'-N-Ethylcarboxamidoadenosine acts via multiple mechanisms including: reducing diabetes-induced oxidative stress, inhibiting gene expression of IL-18, TNF-α and ICAM-1 (intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (CD54)), and blocking activation of the JNK-MAPK pathway.
S9514	Rotundic acid	Rotundic acid (Rutundic acid), a natural compound, exhibit cytotoxic activities toward human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2), malignant melanoma (A375), SCLC (NCI-H446), breast cancer (MCF-7), and colon cancer (HT-29) cell lines.RA induces cell cycle arrest, DNA damage, and apoptosis by modulating the AKT/mTOR and MAPK pathways.
S0186	TA-01	TA-01 is a potent inhibitor of CK1δ/ε and p38 MAPK with IC50 of 6.4 nM, 6.8 nM and 6.7 nM for CK1ε, CK1δ and p38 MAPK, respectively.
S0542	R1487	R1487 is an orally bioavailable and highly selective inhibitor of p38α with an ic50 value of 10 nM.	Drug Test Anal, 2020, 10.1002/dta.2917
S0752	AUDA	AUDA (compound 43) is a potent inhibitor of soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) with IC50 of 18 nM and 69 nM for the mouse sEH and human sEH, respectively. AUDA has anti-inflammatory activity that reduces the protein expression of MMP-9, IL-1β, TNF-α and TGF-β. AUDA downregulates Smad3 and p38 signaling pathways.
S1076	Adezmapimod (SB203580)	Adezmapimod (SB203580, RWJ 64809, PB 203580) is a p38 MAPK inhibitor with IC50 of 0.3-0.5 μM in THP-1 cells, 10-fold less sensitive to SAPK3(106T) and SAPK4(106T) and blocks PKB phosphorylation with IC50 of 3-5 μM. SB203580 induces mitophagy and autophagy.	Biomed Pharmacother, 2022, 145:112437 Life Sci, 2022, 290:120236 Nature, 2021, 600(7888):314-318
S1077	SB202190 (FHPI)	SB202190 (FHPI) is a potent p38 MAPK inhibitor targeting p38α/β with IC50 of 50 nM/100 nM in cell-free assays, sometimes used instead of SB 203580 to investigate potential roles for SAPK2a/p38 in vivo. SB202190 inhibits endothelial cell apoptosis via induction of autophagy and heme oxygenase-1. SB202190 significantly suppresses Erastin‐dependent ferroptosis.	Nature, 2021, 600(7888):314-318 Immunity, 2021, S1074-7613(21)00210-7 Nat Commun, 2021, 12(1):6941
S1458	Neflamapimod (VX-745)	Neflamapimod (VX-745) is a potent and selective inhibitor of p38α with IC50 of 10 nM, 22-fold greater selectivity versus p38β and no inhibition to p38γ.	EMBO J, 2021, e106188 Cell, 2020, 182(3):685-712.e19 Cell, 2020, 182(3):685-712.e19
S1494	Ralimetinib (LY2228820) dimesylate	Ralimetinib (LY2228820) dimesylate is a novel and potent inhibitor of p38 MAPK with IC50 of 7 nM in a cell-free assay, does not alter p38 MAPK activation. Phase 1/2.	Nat Commun, 2021, 12(1):1717 Cell Death Differ, 2021, 10.1038/s41418-021-00855-3 Cell Death Dis, 2021, 12(4):316
S1574	Doramapimod (BIRB 796)	Doramapimod (BIRB 796) is a pan-p38 MAPK inhibitor with IC50 of 38 nM, 65 nM, 200 nM and 520 nM for p38α/β/γ/δ in cell-free assays, and binds p38α with K_d of 0.1 nM in THP-1 cells, 330-fold greater selectivity versus JNK2, weak inhibition for c-RAF, Fyn and Lck, insignificant inhibition of ERK-1, SYK, IKK2.	Immunity, 2021, S1074-7613(21)00403-9 Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 2021, 118(38)e2102423118 J Immunother Cancer, 2021, 9(7)e002319
S2726	PH-797804	PH-797804 is a novel pyridinone inhibitor of p38α with IC50 of 26 nM in a cell-free assay; 4-fold more selective versus p38β and does not inhibit JNK2. Phase 2.	Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 2021, 118(29)e2024562118 Aging (Albany NY), 2021, 13(5):6346-6358 Cell, 2020, 182(3):685-712.e19
S2928	TAK-715	TAK-715 is a p38 MAPK inhibitor for p38α with IC50 of 7.1 nM, 28-fold more selective for p38α over p38β, no inhibition to p38γ/δ, JNK1, ERK1, IKKβ, MEKK1 or TAK1. Phase 2.	Oncogene, 2021, 10.1038/s41388-020-01628-x Cell, 2020, 182(3):685-712.e19 Cell, 2020, 182(3):685-712.e19
S3940	3'-Hydroxypterostilbene	3'-Hydroxypterostilbene (3'-HPT) is one of the active constituents of Sphaerophysa salsula and Pterocarpus marsupium which may be useful in treating different types of haematological malignancies. 3'-Hydroxypterostilbene, a natural pterostilbene analogue, effectively inhibits the growth of human colon cancer cells (IC50s of 9.0, 40.2, and 70.9 µM for COLO 205, HCT-116, and HT-29 cells, respectively) by inducing apoptosis and autophagy. 3'-Hydroxypterostilbene inhibits the PI3K/Akt/mTOR/p70S6K, and p38MAPK pathways and activates the ERK1/2, JNK1/2 MAPK pathways.
S4884	Trans-Zeatin	Trans-Zeatina ((E)-Zeatin) is the member of the plant growth hormone family known as cytokinins, which regulate cell division, development, and nutrient processing. Trans-Zeatin inhibits UVB-induced MMP-1 expression, c-Jun activation and phosphorylation of ERK, JNK and p38 MAP kinases (MAPKs) dose-dependently.
S5183	PD 169316	PD 169316 is a potent, selective and cell-permeable p38 MAP kinase inhibitor with IC50 of 89 nM. PD169316 abrogates signaling initiated by both TGFbeta and Activin A. PD169316 shows antiviral activity against Enterovirus71.	PLoS One, 2021, 16(5):e0252541
S5967^New	Berberine chloride hydrate	Berberine (Natural Yellow 18) chloride hydrate is a quaternary ammonium salt from the group of isoquinoline alkaloids. Berberine activates caspase 3 and caspase 8, cleavage of poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) and the release of cytochrome c. Berberine chloride decreases the expression of c-IAP1, Bcl-2 and Bcl-XL. Berberine chloride induces apoptosis with sustained phosphorylation of JNK and p38 MAPK, as well as generation of the ROS. Berberine chloride is a dual topoisomerase I and II inhibitor. Berberine chloride is also a potential autophagy modulator.	Front Pharmacol, 2021, 12:632201
S6005	VX-702	VX-702 is a highly selective inhibitor of p38α MAPK, 14-fold higher potency against the p38α versus p38β. Phase 2.	Cancers (Basel), 2021, 13(6)1205 Int J Mol Sci, 2021, 22(9)4960 PLoS One, 2021, 16(5):e0250120
S6502	SD 0006	SD0006 is an inhibitor of p38 kinase-alpha (p38alpha) with IC50 values of 0.016 μM and 0.677 μM for p38α and p38β. It is selective for p38α kinase over 50 other kinases screened (including p38γ and p38δ with modest selectivity over p38β).	Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci, 2020, 24(21):10966-10974
S6807	TA-02	TA-02 is a p38 MAPK inhibitor with IC50 of 20 nM. TA-02 especially inhibits TGFBR-2.
S6920	SEA0400	SEA0400 is a selective and potent inhibitor of the Na+-Ca2+ exchanger (NCX) that inhibits Na+-dependent Ca2+ uptake in cultured neurons, astrocytes, and microglia with IC50 of 33 nM, 5.0 nM and 8.3 nM, respectively. SEA0400 prevents sodium nitroprusside (SNP) from increasing ERK and p38 MAPK phosphorylation and production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in an extracellular Ca(2+)-dependent manner.
S7214	Skepinone-L	Skepinone-L (CBS3830) is a selective p38α-MAPK inhibitor with IC50 of 5 nM.	Am J Physiol Renal Physiol, 2020, 318(2):F322-F328 Mol Cancer Ther, 2019, 18(9):1506-1519 Cancer Res, 2018, 78(5):1275-1292
S7215	Losmapimod (GW856553X)	Losmapimod (GW856553X, GW856553, GSK-AHAB) is a selective, potent, and orally active p38 MAPK inhibitor with pK_i of 8.1 and 7.6 for p38α and p38β, respectively. P38 MAPKs are involved in cell differentiation, apoptosis and autophagy. Phase 3.	Free Radic Biol Med, 2021, 167:243-257 Cell, 2020, 182(3):685-712.e19 Cell, 2020, 182(3):685-712.e19
S7741	SB239063	SB239063 is a potent and selective p38 MAPKα/β inhibitor with IC50 of 44 nM, showing no activity against the γ- and δ-kinase isoforms.	EBioMedicine, 2021, 66:103290 Biomed Pharmacother, 2021, 134:111155 J Agric Food Chem, 2021, 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c00199
S7799	Pexmetinib (ARRY-614)	Pexmetinib (ARRY-614) is a potent, orally bioavailable, dual p38 MAPK/Tie-2 inhibitor with IC50 of 4 nM/18 nM in a HEK-293 cell line. Phase 1.	Theranostics, 2021, 11(4):1626-1640 Sci Rep, 2021, 11(1):5752 J Pharmacol Exp Ther, 2019, 370(2):219-230
S8124	BMS-582949	BMS-582949 (PS540446) is a potent and selective p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) inhibitor with IC50 of 13nM,inhibiting both p38 kinase activity and activation of p38.	EMBO J, 2021, e107182 Cell, 2020, 182(3):685-712.e19 Cell, 2020, 182(3):685-712.e19
S8125	Pamapimod	Pamapimod (R-1503, Ro4402257) is a novel, selective inhibitor of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase. It inhibits p38α and p38β enzymatic activity with IC50 values of 0.014±0.002 and 0.48± 0.04 microM, respectively with no activity against p38delta or p38gamma isoforms.	J Leukoc Biol, 2020, 10.1002/JLB.3A0120-379RR J Pharmacol Exp Ther, 2020, 374(3):489-498 Nat Commun, 2019, 10(1):688
S8706	UM-164	UM-164 is a highly potent, dual c-Src/p38inhibitor of c-Src with a binding constant Kd of 2.7 nM for c-Src and inhibits both p38α and p38β.
S9075	Mulberroside A	Mulberroside A, isolated from the ethanol extract of Morus alba roots, is widely employed as an active ingredient in cosmetic products due to its anti-tyrosinase and anti-oxidant activities. Mulberroside A decreases the expressions of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 and inhibits the activation of NALP3, caspase-1 and NF-κB and the phosphorylation of ERK, JNK and p38.
S9315	Praeruptorin A	Praeruptorin A, a naturally existing pyranocumarin, is isolated from the dried root of Peucedanum praeruptorum Dunn. Praeruptorin A inhibits p38/Akt-c-Fos-NFATc1 signaling and PLCγ-independent Ca2+ oscillation. Praeruptorin A can significantly upregulates multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 expression via the constitutive androstane receptor-mediated pathway in vitro, and this should be taken as an herb-drug interaction.
A5017	p38 MAPK Rabbit Recombinant mAb	p38 MAPK Rabbit Recombinant mAb detects endogenous levels of p38 MAPK.	J Nat Med, 2020, 10.1007/s11418-020-01452-3
S1950	Metformin HCl	Metformin HCl (1,1-Dimethylbiguanide HCl) decreases hyperglycemia in hepatocytes primarily by suppressing glucose production by the liver (hepatic gluconeogenesis). Metformin promotes mitophagy in mononuclear cells. Metformin induces apoptosis of lung cancer cells through activating JNK/p38 MAPK pathway and GADD153.	Immunity, 2021, S1074-7613(21)00210-7 Cell Res, 2021, 10.1038/s41422-021-00565-y Mol Cell, 2021, S1097-2765(21)00232-X
S2266	Asiatic Acid	Asiatic acid (Dammarolic acid, Asiantic acid) is the aglycone of asiaticoside isolated from the plant Centella asiatica, commonly used in wound healing.	Oxid Med Cell Longev, 2021, 2021:5519587 Front Oncol, 2021, 11:724435 J Mater Chem B, 2019, 7(40):6125-6138
S2271	Berberine chloride (NSC 646666)	Berberine chloride (NSC 646666, Natural Yellow 18) is a quaternary ammonium salt from the group of isoquinoline alkaloids. Berberine activates caspase 3 and caspase 8, cleavage of poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) and the release of cytochrome c. Berberine chloride decreases the expression of c-IAP1, Bcl-2 and Bcl-XL. Berberine chloride induces apoptosis with sustained phosphorylation of JNK and p38 MAPK, as well as generation of the ROS. Berberine chloride is a dual topoisomerase I and II inhibitor. Berberine chloride is also a potential autophagy modulator.	Front Pharmacol, 2021, 12:632201 Molecules, 2021, 26(5)1210 Biology (Basel), 2021, 10(3)250
S5958^New	Metformin	Metformin (1,1-Dimethylbiguanide), a widely used drug for treatment of type 2 diabetes, activates AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in hepatocytes. Metformin promotes mitophagy in mononuclear cells. Metformin induces apoptosis of lung cancer cells through activating JNK/p38 MAPK pathway and GADD153.	Cell Res, 2021, 10.1038/s41422-021-00565-y Theranostics, 2021, 11(16):8112-8128 Autophagy, 2021, 1-14
S7686	ML141	ML141 (CID-2950007) is demonstrated to be a potent, selective and reversible non-competitive inhibitor of Cdc42 GTPase suitable for in vitro assays, with IC50 of 200 nM and selectivity against other members of the Rho family of GTPases (Rac1, Rab2, Rab7). ML141 is associated with an increase in p38 activation and may induce p38-dependent apoptosis/senescence. ML141 also protects neuroblastoma cells from metformin-induced apoptosis.	Cell Rep, 2021, 36(1):109254 FASEB J, 2021, 35(5):e21598 Sci Rep, 2021, 11(1):8168
S6347^New	5'-N-Ethylcarboxamidoadenosine (NECA)	5'-N-Ethylcarboxamidoadenosine (NECA, 5'-(N-Ethylcarboxamido)adenosine, Adenosine-5'N-ethylcarboxamide, 5'-Ethylcarboxamidoadenosine) is a stable, nonselective adenosine receptor agonist. 5'-N-Ethylcarboxamidoadenosine acts via multiple mechanisms including: reducing diabetes-induced oxidative stress, inhibiting gene expression of IL-18, TNF-α and ICAM-1 (intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (CD54)), and blocking activation of the JNK-MAPK pathway.
S9514	Rotundic acid	Rotundic acid (Rutundic acid), a natural compound, exhibit cytotoxic activities toward human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2), malignant melanoma (A375), SCLC (NCI-H446), breast cancer (MCF-7), and colon cancer (HT-29) cell lines.RA induces cell cycle arrest, DNA damage, and apoptosis by modulating the AKT/mTOR and MAPK pathways.
S5967^New	Berberine chloride hydrate	Berberine (Natural Yellow 18) chloride hydrate is a quaternary ammonium salt from the group of isoquinoline alkaloids. Berberine activates caspase 3 and caspase 8, cleavage of poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) and the release of cytochrome c. Berberine chloride decreases the expression of c-IAP1, Bcl-2 and Bcl-XL. Berberine chloride induces apoptosis with sustained phosphorylation of JNK and p38 MAPK, as well as generation of the ROS. Berberine chloride is a dual topoisomerase I and II inhibitor. Berberine chloride is also a potential autophagy modulator.	Front Pharmacol, 2021, 12:632201
S5958^New	Metformin	Metformin (1,1-Dimethylbiguanide), a widely used drug for treatment of type 2 diabetes, activates AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in hepatocytes. Metformin promotes mitophagy in mononuclear cells. Metformin induces apoptosis of lung cancer cells through activating JNK/p38 MAPK pathway and GADD153.	Cell Res, 2021, 10.1038/s41422-021-00565-y Theranostics, 2021, 11(16):8112-8128 Autophagy, 2021, 1-14
S6347^New	5'-N-Ethylcarboxamidoadenosine (NECA)	5'-N-Ethylcarboxamidoadenosine (NECA, 5'-(N-Ethylcarboxamido)adenosine, Adenosine-5'N-ethylcarboxamide, 5'-Ethylcarboxamidoadenosine) is a stable, nonselective adenosine receptor agonist. 5'-N-Ethylcarboxamidoadenosine acts via multiple mechanisms including: reducing diabetes-induced oxidative stress, inhibiting gene expression of IL-18, TNF-α and ICAM-1 (intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (CD54)), and blocking activation of the JNK-MAPK pathway.