ATM/ATR
Signaling Pathway Map
Research Area
Inhibitory Selectivity
Isoform-specific Inhibitors
ATM/ATR Products
| Catalog No. | Information | Product Use Citations | Product Validations |
|---|---|---|---|
| S1009 |
Dactolisib (BEZ235)Dactolisib (BEZ235, NVP-BEZ235) is a dual ATP-competitive PI3K and mTOR inhibitor for p110α/γ/δ/β and mTOR(p70S6K) with IC50 of 4 nM /5 nM /7 nM /75 nM /6 nM in cell-free assays, respectively. Inhibits ATR with IC50 of 21 nM in 3T3TopBP1-ER cell. Dactolisib induces autophagy and suppresses HIV-1 replication. Phase 2. |
Three-dimensional responses of MCF7/IGF-1R cells to TAM (1 μM), E2 and IGF-1. Compared to parental MCF7 cells (a), MCF7/IGF-1R cells (b) in three-dimensional (3D) culture formed bigger acini in response to IGF-1 stimulation and displayed significant TAM resistance when treated with TAM (1 μM) + E2 + IGF-1, which was removable by kinase inhibitors BMS-536924, U0126 and BEZ235 (c). Cells (10,000/well) were seeded in 96-well plates. Acini were formed on 100% Matrigel and cultured for 14 days in starving medium containing 2% Matrigel and 5% charcoal/dextran-stripped fetal bovine serum with the treatments as indicated. Concentrations used: TAM (1 μM), E2 (1 nM) and IGF-1 (100 ng/mL). Confocal image original magnification, × 20. Red, rhodamine phalloidin (actin). Blue, Hoechst blue stain. Results are representative of two individual experiments. |
|
| S1092 |
KU-55933 (ATM Kinase Inhibitor)KU-55933 (ATM Kinase Inhibitor) is a potent and specific ATM inhibitor with IC50/Ki of 12.9 nM/2.2 nM in cell-free assays, and is highly selective for ATM as compared to DNA-PK, PI3K/PI4K, ATR and mTOR. KU‑55933 (ATM Kinase Inhibitor) inhibits the activation of autophagy‑initiating kinase ULK1 and results in a significant decrease of autophagy. |
Effects of NVP-BKM120 and KU-55933 and their combination on the DNA damage response. A, HCC1937 cells were treated for 18 hours with NVP-BKM120 at 2.5 μmol/L, KU-55933 at 10 μmol/L, or their combination, subjected to ionizing radiation(IR) with 10 Gy or mock, lysed 6 hours later, and subjected to immunoblotting with antibodies as indicated. |
|
| S1570 |
KU-60019KU-60019 is an improved analogue of KU-55933, with IC50 of 6.3 nM for ATM in cell-free assays, 270- and 1600-fold more selective for ATM than DNA-PK and ATR,and is a highly effective radiosensitizer. |
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| S8007 |
VE-821VE-821 is a potent and selective ATP competitive inhibitor of ATR with Ki/IC50 of 13 nM/26 nM in cell-free assays, shows inhibition of H2AX phosphorylation, minimal activity against PIKKs ATM, DNA-PK, mTOR and PI3Kγ. |
Western blot for γH2AX in H460 cells treated with Cr(VI) in the presence of a second set of inhibitors (ATM-i2—10 uM KU55933, DNAPK-i2—10 uM NU7441, ATR-i2—10 uM VE821). “γH2AX-total” numbers indicate a total normalized intensity of both γH2AX bands from 2 Western blots.
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| S2758 |
Wortmannin (KY 12420)Wortmannin (KY 12420, SL-2052, BRN 0067676, NSC 627609) is the first described PI3K inhibitor with IC50 of 3 nM in a cell-free assay, with little selectivity within the PI3K family. Wortmannin blocks autophagosome formation and potently inhibits DNA-PK/ATM with IC50 of 16 nM and 150 nM in cell-free assays. Wortmannin also inhibits PLK1 activity. |
L3.6pl cells at 6,000 cells per well were incubated in MEM with 5% FBS in triplicate in a 96-well culture plate and then treated alone with 5 umol/L BMS-777607, 10 umol/L wortmannin, or with BMS-777607 in combination with individual inhibitors. Polyploidy was examined under BK71 Olympus microscope and photographed 72 hours after treatment. |
|
| S9864New |
Elimusertib (BAY-1895344)Elimusertib (BAY-1895344) is a very potent and highly selective ATR (ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related) inhibitor with IC50 of 7 nM. Elimusertib potently inhibits proliferation of a broad spectrum of human tumor cell lines with median IC50 of 78 nM. |
||
| S6885New |
AilanthoneAilanthone (AIL, Δ13-Dehydrochaparrinone), a natural anti-hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) component in Ailanthus altissima, induces G0/G1-phase cell cycle arrest by decreasing expression of cyclins and CDKs and increases expression of p21 and p27. Ailanthone triggers DNA damage characterized by activation of the ATM/ATR pathway. Ailanthone induces apoptosis which is mitochondrion-mediated and involves the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in Huh7 cells. Ailanthone is also a potent inhibitor of both full-length Androgen Receptor (AR-FL) and constitutively active truncated AR splice variants (AR-Vs, AR1-651) with IC50 of 69 nM and 309 nM, respectively. |
||
| S2817 |
Torin 2Torin 2 is a potent and selective mTOR inhibitor with IC50 of 0.25 nM in p53−/− MEFs cell line; 800-fold greater selectivity for mTOR than PI3K and improved pharmacokinetic properties. Inhibition of ATM/ATR/DNA-PK with EC50 of 28 nM/35 nM/118 nM,in PC3 cell lines respectively. Torin 2 decreases cell viability and induces autophagy and apoptosis. |
U2OS cells were plated in six-well plates using complete medium. The next day the cells were washed four times with NaCl/Pi before maintaining them for 6 h in serum- and glucose-free DMEM supplemented as indicated in the absence or presence of 0.1 uM Torin 2 for the last 1 h. The cells were control- treated, treated with 1 ug/mL insulin or treated with 1 mM H2O2 for 15 min. Thereafter, cell lysates were prepared and western blotting was performed using the indicated antibodies.
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| S2245 |
CP-466722CP-466722 is a potent and reversible ATM inhibitor, does not affect ATR and inhibits PI3K or PIKK family members in cells. |
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| S8050 |
ETP-46464ETP-46464 is a potent and selective inhibitor of ATR with IC50 of 25 nM. |
||
| S7136 |
CGK 733CGK 733 is a potent and selective inhibitor of ATM/ATR with IC50 of ~200 nM. |
K562 and K562R cells were pre-treated for 1 h with CGK733 (5 μM), then treated with CTD (10 μM) for 24 h, and protein levels of cleaved PARP, Mcl-1, and phosphorylated H3 were determined by Western blotting. GAPDH served as a normal control.
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| S7050 |
AZ20AZ20 is a novel potent and selective inhibitor of ATR kinase with IC50 of 5 nM in a cell-free assay, 8-fold selectivity over mTOR. |
(B) SAHA treatment impairs the HR capacity of GBM03 cells. AZ20(ATRi) as a positive control.
|
|
| S8556 |
AZ31AZ31 is a selective and novel ATM inhibitor with an IC50 of <0.0012 μM. It shows excellent selectivity over closely related enzymes (>500 fold selective over DNA-PK and PI3Kα and >1000 fold selective over mTOR, PI3Kβ and PI3Kγ). |
||
| S7693 |
Ceralasertib (AZD6738)Ceralasertib (AZD6738) is an orally active, and selective ATR kinase inhibitor with IC50 of 1 nM. Phase 1/2. |
Number of γH2AX foci per cell of irradiated (2 Gy) SAS cells treated with inhibitors against ATM (ATMi, KU55933), DNA-PK (DNA-PKi, KU57788), or ATR (ATRi, AZD6738) with or without LY364947.
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| S8729 |
AZ32AZ32 is a specific inhibitor of the ATM kinase that possesses good BBB penetration in mouse with an IC50 value of <0.0062 μM for ATM enzyme. It shows adequate selectivity over ATR and also has high cell permeability. |
||
| S8680 |
AZD1390AZD1390 is a first-in-class orally available and CNS penetrant ATM inhibitor with an IC50 of 0.78 nM in cells and >10,000-fold selectivity over closely related members of the PIKK family of enzymes and excellent selectivity across a broad panel of kinases. |
||
| S3600 |
Schisandrin B (Sch B)Schisandrin B is the most abundant dibenzocyclooctadiene lignan present in the traditional Chinese medicinal herb Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill. It is a kind of ATR and P-gp inhibitor with high safety. |
||
| S8096 |
MirinMirin is a potent Mre11–Rad50–Nbs1 (MRN) complex inhibitor, and inhibits Mre11-associated exonuclease activity. Mirin inhibits MRN-dependent activation of ATM. |
Wildtype bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) were incubated with and without the MRN complex inhibitor mirin (administered dose of 100 μM) for 2 hours, then were treated with PM (100 μg/mL) for an additional 24 hours. (A) The relative levels of Cxcl1, Cxcl2 and Ifn-γ mRNA transcripts were determined using quantitative PCR. (B) The protein levels of Cxcl1, Cxcl2 and Ifn-γ in the culture supernatants were measured using ELISA. Data are presented as means ± SEMs across at least 3 independent experiments. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01.
|
|
| S8666 |
Elimusertib (BAY-1895344) hydrochlorideElimusertib (BAY-1895344) hydrochloride is a potent, highly selective and orally available ATR inhibitor with an IC50 of 7 nM. |
||
| S0148 |
HAMNOHAMNO (NSC-111847) is a potent and selective replication protein A (RPA) inhibitor with anti-tumor activity. HAMNO inhibits both ATR autophosphorylation and phosphorylation of RPA32 Ser33 by ATR. |
||
| S8375 |
AZD0156AZD0156 is a potent and selective inhibitors of ATM kinase, with potential chemo-/radio-sensitizing and antineoplastic activities. AZD0156 prevents DNA damage checkpoint activation, disrupts DNA damage repair, induces tumor cell apoptosis, and leads to cell death of ATM-overexpressing tumor cells. |
||
| S9639 |
VX-803 (M4344)VX-803 (M4344, ATR inhibitor 2) is an ATP-competitive, orally active, and selective inhibitor of ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3 related (ATR) kinase with Ki of < 150 pM. VX-803 (M4344) potently inhibits ATR-driven phosphorylated checkpoint kinase-1 (P-Chk1) phosphorylation with IC50 of 8 nM. VX-803 (M4344) exhibits potential antineoplastic activity. |
||
| S3224New |
CinobufaginCinobufagin (Cinobufagine), an active ingredient of Venenum Bufonis, inhibits tumor development. Cinobufagin increases ATM and Chk2 and decreases CDC25C, CDK1, and cyclin B. Cinobufagin inhibits PI3K, AKT and Bcl-2 while increases levels of cleaved caspase-9 and caspase-3. Thus, Cinobufagin induces cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase and apoptosis. |
||
| S4157 |
Chloroquine diphosphateChloroquine diphosphate is a 4-aminoquinoline anti-malarial and anti-rheumatoid agent, also acting as an ATM activator. Chloroquine is also an inhibitor of toll-like receptors (TLRs). |
NCI-H929 EV and miR-137 OE cells were treated with ATM activator Chloroquine Phosphate (CQ), specific ATM inhibitor KU-55933, and ATR inhibitor AZ20 for 12 hr. Immunoblotting showed the expression of p-ATM, p-Chk2, p-BRCA1, p-ATR and p-Chk1. |
| Catalog No. | Information | Product Use Citations | Product Validations |
|---|---|---|---|
| S1009 |
Dactolisib (BEZ235)Dactolisib (BEZ235, NVP-BEZ235) is a dual ATP-competitive PI3K and mTOR inhibitor for p110α/γ/δ/β and mTOR(p70S6K) with IC50 of 4 nM /5 nM /7 nM /75 nM /6 nM in cell-free assays, respectively. Inhibits ATR with IC50 of 21 nM in 3T3TopBP1-ER cell. Dactolisib induces autophagy and suppresses HIV-1 replication. Phase 2. |
Three-dimensional responses of MCF7/IGF-1R cells to TAM (1 μM), E2 and IGF-1. Compared to parental MCF7 cells (a), MCF7/IGF-1R cells (b) in three-dimensional (3D) culture formed bigger acini in response to IGF-1 stimulation and displayed significant TAM resistance when treated with TAM (1 μM) + E2 + IGF-1, which was removable by kinase inhibitors BMS-536924, U0126 and BEZ235 (c). Cells (10,000/well) were seeded in 96-well plates. Acini were formed on 100% Matrigel and cultured for 14 days in starving medium containing 2% Matrigel and 5% charcoal/dextran-stripped fetal bovine serum with the treatments as indicated. Concentrations used: TAM (1 μM), E2 (1 nM) and IGF-1 (100 ng/mL). Confocal image original magnification, × 20. Red, rhodamine phalloidin (actin). Blue, Hoechst blue stain. Results are representative of two individual experiments. |
|
| S1092 |
KU-55933 (ATM Kinase Inhibitor)KU-55933 (ATM Kinase Inhibitor) is a potent and specific ATM inhibitor with IC50/Ki of 12.9 nM/2.2 nM in cell-free assays, and is highly selective for ATM as compared to DNA-PK, PI3K/PI4K, ATR and mTOR. KU‑55933 (ATM Kinase Inhibitor) inhibits the activation of autophagy‑initiating kinase ULK1 and results in a significant decrease of autophagy. |
Effects of NVP-BKM120 and KU-55933 and their combination on the DNA damage response. A, HCC1937 cells were treated for 18 hours with NVP-BKM120 at 2.5 μmol/L, KU-55933 at 10 μmol/L, or their combination, subjected to ionizing radiation(IR) with 10 Gy or mock, lysed 6 hours later, and subjected to immunoblotting with antibodies as indicated. |
|
| S1570 |
KU-60019KU-60019 is an improved analogue of KU-55933, with IC50 of 6.3 nM for ATM in cell-free assays, 270- and 1600-fold more selective for ATM than DNA-PK and ATR,and is a highly effective radiosensitizer. |
|
|
| S8007 |
VE-821VE-821 is a potent and selective ATP competitive inhibitor of ATR with Ki/IC50 of 13 nM/26 nM in cell-free assays, shows inhibition of H2AX phosphorylation, minimal activity against PIKKs ATM, DNA-PK, mTOR and PI3Kγ. |
Western blot for γH2AX in H460 cells treated with Cr(VI) in the presence of a second set of inhibitors (ATM-i2—10 uM KU55933, DNAPK-i2—10 uM NU7441, ATR-i2—10 uM VE821). “γH2AX-total” numbers indicate a total normalized intensity of both γH2AX bands from 2 Western blots.
|
|
| S2758 |
Wortmannin (KY 12420)Wortmannin (KY 12420, SL-2052, BRN 0067676, NSC 627609) is the first described PI3K inhibitor with IC50 of 3 nM in a cell-free assay, with little selectivity within the PI3K family. Wortmannin blocks autophagosome formation and potently inhibits DNA-PK/ATM with IC50 of 16 nM and 150 nM in cell-free assays. Wortmannin also inhibits PLK1 activity. |
L3.6pl cells at 6,000 cells per well were incubated in MEM with 5% FBS in triplicate in a 96-well culture plate and then treated alone with 5 umol/L BMS-777607, 10 umol/L wortmannin, or with BMS-777607 in combination with individual inhibitors. Polyploidy was examined under BK71 Olympus microscope and photographed 72 hours after treatment. |
|
| S9864New |
Elimusertib (BAY-1895344)Elimusertib (BAY-1895344) is a very potent and highly selective ATR (ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related) inhibitor with IC50 of 7 nM. Elimusertib potently inhibits proliferation of a broad spectrum of human tumor cell lines with median IC50 of 78 nM. |
||
| S6885New |
AilanthoneAilanthone (AIL, Δ13-Dehydrochaparrinone), a natural anti-hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) component in Ailanthus altissima, induces G0/G1-phase cell cycle arrest by decreasing expression of cyclins and CDKs and increases expression of p21 and p27. Ailanthone triggers DNA damage characterized by activation of the ATM/ATR pathway. Ailanthone induces apoptosis which is mitochondrion-mediated and involves the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in Huh7 cells. Ailanthone is also a potent inhibitor of both full-length Androgen Receptor (AR-FL) and constitutively active truncated AR splice variants (AR-Vs, AR1-651) with IC50 of 69 nM and 309 nM, respectively. |
||
| S2817 |
Torin 2Torin 2 is a potent and selective mTOR inhibitor with IC50 of 0.25 nM in p53−/− MEFs cell line; 800-fold greater selectivity for mTOR than PI3K and improved pharmacokinetic properties. Inhibition of ATM/ATR/DNA-PK with EC50 of 28 nM/35 nM/118 nM,in PC3 cell lines respectively. Torin 2 decreases cell viability and induces autophagy and apoptosis. |
U2OS cells were plated in six-well plates using complete medium. The next day the cells were washed four times with NaCl/Pi before maintaining them for 6 h in serum- and glucose-free DMEM supplemented as indicated in the absence or presence of 0.1 uM Torin 2 for the last 1 h. The cells were control- treated, treated with 1 ug/mL insulin or treated with 1 mM H2O2 for 15 min. Thereafter, cell lysates were prepared and western blotting was performed using the indicated antibodies.
|
|
| S2245 |
CP-466722CP-466722 is a potent and reversible ATM inhibitor, does not affect ATR and inhibits PI3K or PIKK family members in cells. |
|
|
| S8050 |
ETP-46464ETP-46464 is a potent and selective inhibitor of ATR with IC50 of 25 nM. |
||
| S7136 |
CGK 733CGK 733 is a potent and selective inhibitor of ATM/ATR with IC50 of ~200 nM. |
K562 and K562R cells were pre-treated for 1 h with CGK733 (5 μM), then treated with CTD (10 μM) for 24 h, and protein levels of cleaved PARP, Mcl-1, and phosphorylated H3 were determined by Western blotting. GAPDH served as a normal control.
|
|
| S7050 |
AZ20AZ20 is a novel potent and selective inhibitor of ATR kinase with IC50 of 5 nM in a cell-free assay, 8-fold selectivity over mTOR. |
(B) SAHA treatment impairs the HR capacity of GBM03 cells. AZ20(ATRi) as a positive control.
|
|
| S8556 |
AZ31AZ31 is a selective and novel ATM inhibitor with an IC50 of <0.0012 μM. It shows excellent selectivity over closely related enzymes (>500 fold selective over DNA-PK and PI3Kα and >1000 fold selective over mTOR, PI3Kβ and PI3Kγ). |
||
| S7693 |
Ceralasertib (AZD6738)Ceralasertib (AZD6738) is an orally active, and selective ATR kinase inhibitor with IC50 of 1 nM. Phase 1/2. |
Number of γH2AX foci per cell of irradiated (2 Gy) SAS cells treated with inhibitors against ATM (ATMi, KU55933), DNA-PK (DNA-PKi, KU57788), or ATR (ATRi, AZD6738) with or without LY364947.
|
|
| S8729 |
AZ32AZ32 is a specific inhibitor of the ATM kinase that possesses good BBB penetration in mouse with an IC50 value of <0.0062 μM for ATM enzyme. It shows adequate selectivity over ATR and also has high cell permeability. |
||
| S8680 |
AZD1390AZD1390 is a first-in-class orally available and CNS penetrant ATM inhibitor with an IC50 of 0.78 nM in cells and >10,000-fold selectivity over closely related members of the PIKK family of enzymes and excellent selectivity across a broad panel of kinases. |
||
| S3600 |
Schisandrin B (Sch B)Schisandrin B is the most abundant dibenzocyclooctadiene lignan present in the traditional Chinese medicinal herb Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill. It is a kind of ATR and P-gp inhibitor with high safety. |
||
| S8096 |
MirinMirin is a potent Mre11–Rad50–Nbs1 (MRN) complex inhibitor, and inhibits Mre11-associated exonuclease activity. Mirin inhibits MRN-dependent activation of ATM. |
Wildtype bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) were incubated with and without the MRN complex inhibitor mirin (administered dose of 100 μM) for 2 hours, then were treated with PM (100 μg/mL) for an additional 24 hours. (A) The relative levels of Cxcl1, Cxcl2 and Ifn-γ mRNA transcripts were determined using quantitative PCR. (B) The protein levels of Cxcl1, Cxcl2 and Ifn-γ in the culture supernatants were measured using ELISA. Data are presented as means ± SEMs across at least 3 independent experiments. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01.
|
|
| S8666 |
Elimusertib (BAY-1895344) hydrochlorideElimusertib (BAY-1895344) hydrochloride is a potent, highly selective and orally available ATR inhibitor with an IC50 of 7 nM. |
||
| S0148 |
HAMNOHAMNO (NSC-111847) is a potent and selective replication protein A (RPA) inhibitor with anti-tumor activity. HAMNO inhibits both ATR autophosphorylation and phosphorylation of RPA32 Ser33 by ATR. |
||
| S8375 |
AZD0156AZD0156 is a potent and selective inhibitors of ATM kinase, with potential chemo-/radio-sensitizing and antineoplastic activities. AZD0156 prevents DNA damage checkpoint activation, disrupts DNA damage repair, induces tumor cell apoptosis, and leads to cell death of ATM-overexpressing tumor cells. |
||
| S9639 |
VX-803 (M4344)VX-803 (M4344, ATR inhibitor 2) is an ATP-competitive, orally active, and selective inhibitor of ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3 related (ATR) kinase with Ki of < 150 pM. VX-803 (M4344) potently inhibits ATR-driven phosphorylated checkpoint kinase-1 (P-Chk1) phosphorylation with IC50 of 8 nM. VX-803 (M4344) exhibits potential antineoplastic activity. |
| Catalog No. | Information | Product Use Citations | Product Validations |
|---|---|---|---|
| S3224New |
CinobufaginCinobufagin (Cinobufagine), an active ingredient of Venenum Bufonis, inhibits tumor development. Cinobufagin increases ATM and Chk2 and decreases CDC25C, CDK1, and cyclin B. Cinobufagin inhibits PI3K, AKT and Bcl-2 while increases levels of cleaved caspase-9 and caspase-3. Thus, Cinobufagin induces cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase and apoptosis. |
||
| S4157 |
Chloroquine diphosphateChloroquine diphosphate is a 4-aminoquinoline anti-malarial and anti-rheumatoid agent, also acting as an ATM activator. Chloroquine is also an inhibitor of toll-like receptors (TLRs). |
NCI-H929 EV and miR-137 OE cells were treated with ATM activator Chloroquine Phosphate (CQ), specific ATM inhibitor KU-55933, and ATR inhibitor AZ20 for 12 hr. Immunoblotting showed the expression of p-ATM, p-Chk2, p-BRCA1, p-ATR and p-Chk1. |
