Home DNA Damage/DNA Repair DNA Methyltransferase inhibitor - Nucleoside Analog/Antimetabolite chemical - Autophagy activator Azacitidine (5-Azacytidine)

Azacitidine (5-Azacytidine)

Catalog No.S1782 Synonyms: 5-AzaC,Ladakamycin, AZA,5-Aza, CC-486

For research use only.

Azacitidine (5-Azacytidine, 5-AzaC, Ladakamycin, AZA, 5-Aza, CC-486) is a nucleoside analogue of cytidine that specifically inhibits DNA methylation by trapping DNA methyltransferases. Azacitidine induces mitochondrial apoptosis and autophagy.

Azacitidine (5-Azacytidine) Chemical Structure

CAS No. 320-67-2

Selleck's Azacitidine (5-Azacytidine) has been cited by 70 publications

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Biological Activity

Description Azacitidine (5-Azacytidine, 5-AzaC, Ladakamycin, AZA, 5-Aza, CC-486) is a nucleoside analogue of cytidine that specifically inhibits DNA methylation by trapping DNA methyltransferases. Azacitidine induces mitochondrial apoptosis and autophagy.
Targets
DNA methyltransferase [1]
(Cell-free assay)
In vitro

Azacitidine is widely used to demonstrate the correlation between loss of methylation in specifc gene regions and activation of the associated genes. After incorporation into DNA, Azacitidine inhibits DNA methyltransferase noncompetitively, causing a block in cytosine methylation in newly replicated DNA but not in resting, nondividing cells. [1] Azacitidine induces differentiation of Friend Erythroleukemia Cell C3H10T1/2 with myotube formation. [2] Azacitidine can be activated to the nucleoside triphosphate and incorporate into both DNA and RNA, leading to inhibition of DNA, RNA and protein synthesis in normal eukaryotic cells and in cancer cell lines, which could finally leads to cell death. Azacitidine also inhibits the incorporation of purine metabolites into macromolecules. Azacitidine inhibits the L1210 cells growth with IC50 and of 0.019 μg/mL. [3]
Cell Data
Cell Lines Assay Type Concentration Incubation Time Formulation Activity Description PMID
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MCF7 M2DiVmZ2dmO2aX;uJGF{e2G7 MUGwMlXjiJNzMDFOwG0> M4XkelQ5KGkEoB?= MYPpcohq[mm2czD0bIUh\2GyIHPsc5N2emViaX6geIhmKHexdX7kJIhm[WyrbnegZZN{[Xl? MUW8ZUB1[XKpZYS9K39jdGGwazegbJJm\j1paIT0dJM7Ny:ydXLt[YQvdmOkaT7ucI0vdmmqLnfvek8zPDZ|M{O1NEc,OjR4M{OzOVA9N2F-
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BT-37 MY\xTHRUKGG|c3H5 NHfYRYhyUFSVIH;mJJBm\GmjdILpZ{Bk[W6lZYKgZ4VtdCCuaX7ld{B1dyCrZHXueIlngSCvdXz0bZBt\SCxcIDvdpR2dmm2aXXzJIZweiCmcoXnJJJmeHW{cH;zbY5oQiCScnntZZJ6KHOlcnXlckBnd3JiQmStN|ch[2WubIO= MWG8ZUB1[XKpZYS9K39jdGGwazegbJJm\j1paIT0dJM7Ny:ydXLt[YQvdmOkaT7ucI0vdmmqLnfvek8zQTR|NUGzPUc,Ojl2M{WxN|k9N2F-
RD M3r6SZFJXFNiYYPzZZk> NX\tTI5TeUiWUzDv[kBx\WSrYYTybYMh[2GwY3XyJINmdGxibHnu[ZMhfG9iaXTlcpRq\nlibYXseIlxdGVib4Dwc5J1fW6rdHnld{Bnd3JiZIL1[{Bz\XC3coDvd4lv\zpiUILpcYFzgSC|Y4Ll[Y4h\m:{IGLEJINmdGy| M4PKVlxiKHSjcnfleF0oZ2KuYX7rK{BpemWoPTfoeJRxezpxL4D1Zo1m\C6wY3LpMo5tdS6waXiu[493NzJ7NEO1NVM6Lz5{OUSzOVE{QTxxYU6=
BT-12 NXHNcm1[eUiWUzDhd5NigQ>? NELJd|FyUFSVIH;mJJBm\GmjdILpZ{Bk[W6lZYKgZ4VtdCCuaX7ld{B1dyCrZHXueIlngSCvdXz0bZBt\SCxcIDvdpR2dmm2aXXzJIZweiCmcoXnJJJmeHW{cH;zbY5oQiCScnntZZJ6KHOlcnXlckBnd3JiQmStNVIh[2WubIO= MVm8ZUB1[XKpZYS9K39jdGGwazegbJJm\j1paIT0dJM7Ny:ydXLt[YQvdmOkaT7ucI0vdmmqLnfvek8zQTR|NUGzPUc,Ojl2M{WxN|k9N2F-
NB1643 NF\Hdo9yUFSVIHHzd4F6 MkLOdWhVWyCxZjDw[YRq[XS{aXOgZ4Fv[2W{IHPlcIwhdGmwZYOgeI8hcWSnboTp[pkhdXWudHnwcIUhd3Cyb4L0eY5qfGmnczDmc5Ih\HK3ZzDy[ZB2enCxc3nu[|ohWHKrbXHyfUB{[3KnZX6g[o9zKE6EMU[0N{Bk\Wyucx?= NIDYXlM9[SC2YYLn[ZQ:L1:kbHHub{chcHKnZk2nbJR1eHN8Lz;weYJu\WRwbnPibU5vdG1wbnnoModwfi9{OUSzOVE{QSd-Mkm0N|UyOzl:L3G+
OHS-50 MYjxTHRUKGG|c3H5 Mln4dWhVWyCxZjDw[YRq[XS{aXOgZ4Fv[2W{IHPlcIwhdGmwZYOgeI8hcWSnboTp[pkhdXWudHnwcIUhd3Cyb4L0eY5qfGmnczDmc5Ih\HK3ZzDy[ZB2enCxc3nu[|ohWHKrbXHyfUB{[3KnZX6g[o9zKE:KUz21NEBk\Wyucx?= MkPkQIEhfGG{Z3X0QUdg[myjbnunJIhz\WZ;J3j0eJB{Qi9xcIXicYVlNm6lYnmucoxuNm6raD7nc5YwOjl2M{WxN|koRjJ7NEO1NVM6RC:jPh?=
SK-N-MC M1X3N5FJXFNiYYPzZZk> M1zod5FJXFNib3[gdIVlcWG2cnnjJINidmOncjDj[YxtKGyrbnXzJJRwKGmmZX70bYZ6KG23bITpdIxmKG:ycH;yeJVvcXSrZYOg[o9zKGS{dXegdoVxfXKyb4Ppcoc7KFC{aX3hdpkhe2O{ZXXuJIZweiCVSz3OMW1EKGOnbHzz MkW0QIEhfGG{Z3X0QUdg[myjbnunJIhz\WZ;J3j0eJB{Qi9xcIXicYVlNm6lYnmucoxuNm6raD7nc5YwOjl2M{WxN|koRjJ7NEO1NVM6RC:jPh?=
SKM1-S MXLBdI9xfG:|aYOgZZN{[Xl? Mom0NUB2VQ>? MmjlTY5lfWO2aX;uJI9nKGGyb4D0c5NqeyCrbjDoeY1idiCVS12xMXMh[2WubIOgZZN{\XO|ZXSgZZMh[2G|cHHz[UA{KGOuZXH2ZYdmKGG2IEGgeW0h[nliV3XzeIVzdiCkbH;0JI1mfGixZB?= MXy8ZUB1[XKpZYS9K39jdGGwazegbJJm\j1paIT0dJM7Ny:ydXLt[YQvdmOkaT7ucI0vdmmqLnfvek8zQDB7NEmzPEc,OjhyOUS5N|g9N2F-
MCF7 NHXDUYxHfW6ldHnvckBie3OjeR?= MnWyNVUhfU1? NInodJI4OiCqcoO= NFT1UldKdmirYnn0bY9vKG:oIGXIVmYyKGmwIHj1cYFvKE2FRkegZ4VtdHNiYYPz[ZN{\WRiYYOg[IVkemWjc3WgbY4hdWW2aInsZZRqd25iYYSgVmFTKGKndHGg[ZhwdiCjdDCxOUB2VSCjZoTldkA4OiCqcoOgZpkhdWW2aInsZZRqd25ic4DlZ4lncWNvUFPSJI1mfGixZB?= MXO8ZUB1[XKpZYS9K39jdGGwazegbJJm\j1paIT0dJM7Ny:ydXLt[YQvdmOkaT7ucI0vdmmqLnfvek8zPzB2OUW3O{c,OjdyNEm1O|c9N2F-
Click to View More Cell Line Experimental Data
Assay
Methods Test Index PMID
Western blot DNMT1 ; c-PARP / p-H2AX / H2AX 28210112
Immunofluorescence HMGB1 29097772
Growth inhibition assay Cell viability 28210112
In vivo Azacitidine inhibits polynucleotide synthesis in leukemic BDF1 mice. [3] Azacitidine (3 mg/kg, i.p.) increases the mean survival time in leukemic BDF1 mice inoculated with Ll210 ascites tumor cells. Azacitidine markedly suppresses all enzymes activity in the polyamine-biosynthetic pathway, including ornithine decarboxylase activity. putrescine-dependent S-adenosyl-L-methionine decarboxylase activity, and spermidine-dependent S-adenosyl-L-methionine decarboxylase activity. Azacitidine also inhibits the accumulations of polyamines in leukemic mice. [4]

Protocol (from reference)

Cell Research:[3]
  • Cell lines: Leukemia L1210 cell
  • Concentrations: 0.15 μg/mL
  • Incubation Time: 3 days
  • Method: 5 mL of L1210 cells (5 × 103 cells/mL) are incubated with Azacitidine at 37 ℃ for 3 days. Cell number is determined twice a day for 3 days by means of a Model A Coulter counter.
Animal Research:[4]
  • Animal Models: BDF1 mice bearing lymphoid leukemia L1210
  • Dosages: 3 mg/kg
  • Administration: Daily i.p. injection

Solubility (25°C)

In vitro

 DMSO 48 mg/mL warmed
(196.56 mM)
Water Insoluble
Ethanol Insoluble

In vivo

Add solvents to the product individually and in order
(Data is from Selleck tests instead of citations):
5% DMSO+30% PEG 300+ddH2O
For best results, use promptly after mixing.

 10mg/mL

Chemical Information

Molecular Weight 244.2
Formula

C8H12N4O5
CAS No. 320-67-2
Storage 3 years -20°C powder
2 years -80°C in solvent
Smiles C1=NC(=NC(=O)N1C2C(C(C(O2)CO)O)O)N

In vivo Formulation Calculator (Clear solution)

Step 1: Enter information below (Recommended: An additional animal making an allowance for loss during the experiment)

mg/kg g μL

Step 2: Enter the in vivo formulation (This is only the calculator, not formulation. Please contact us first if there is no in vivo formulation at the solubility Section.)

% DMSO % % Tween 80 % ddH2O
%DMSO %

Calculation results:

Working concentration: mg/ml;

Method for preparing DMSO master liquid: mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO ( Master liquid concentration mg/mL, Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug. )

Method for preparing in vivo formulation: Take μL DMSO master liquid, next addμL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O, mix and clarify.

Method for preparing in vivo formulation: Take μL DMSO master liquid, next add μL Corn oil, mix and clarify.

Note: 1. Please make sure the liquid is clear before adding the next solvent.
2. Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order. You must ensure that the solution obtained, in the previous addition, is a clear solution before proceeding to add the next solvent. Physical methods such
as vortex, ultrasound or hot water bath can be used to aid dissolving.

Molarity Calculator

Mass Concentration Volume Molecular Weight

Clinical Trial Information

NCT Number Recruitment Interventions Conditions Sponsor/Collaborators Start Date Phases
NCT05155709 Not yet recruiting Drug: siremadlin|Drug: venetoclax|Drug: azacitidine Acute Myeloid Leukemia Novartis Pharmaceuticals|Novartis February 24 2022 Phase 1|Phase 2
NCT05140811 Not yet recruiting Drug: IMM01|Drug: Azacitidine Acute Myeloid Leukemia|Myelodysplastic Syndromes ImmuneOnco Biopharmaceuticals (Shanghai) Co. Ltd|Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital January 1 2022 Phase 1|Phase 2
NCT05141682 Not yet recruiting Drug: Oral Azacitidine Recurrent T-Cell Large Granular Lymphocyte Leukemia|Refractory T-Cell Large Granular Lymphocyte Leukemia|T-Cell Large Granular Lymphocyte Leukemia Jonathan Brammer|Bristol-Myers Squibb|Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center December 1 2021 Phase 1|Phase 2
NCT05074355 Not yet recruiting Drug: Azacitidine|Drug: Venetoclax Myeloproliferative Neoplasm|BCR-ABL Negative University Health Network Toronto December 6 2021 Phase 2
NCT04891068 Recruiting Drug: Azacitidine Breast Cancer Female|Breast Cancer Invasive University of Illinois at Chicago December 31 2021 Phase 2

(data from https://clinicaltrials.gov, updated on 2022-01-17)

Tech Support

Answers to questions you may have can be found in the inhibitor handling instructions. Topics include how to prepare stock solutions, how to store inhibitors, and issues that need special attention for cell-based assays and animal experiments.

Handling Instructions

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Frequently Asked Questions

Question 1:
Is the vehicle (30% Propylene glycol, 5% Tween 80, 65% D5W) for Azacitidine (Catalog No.S1782) safe for subcutaneous dosing?

Answer:
S1782 in 30% Propylene glycol+5% Tween 80+65% D5W at 30mg/ml is a suspension. If you are going to administrate this compound for oral gavage, it is fine. But if you administrate the drug via injection, you need a clear solution and S1782 can be dissolved in 5% DMSO+30% PEG 300+ddH2O at 10mg/ml clearly.

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