cAMP
Signaling Pathway Map
Research Area
Inhibitory Selectivity
Isoform-specific Inhibitors
cAMP Products
| Catalog No. | Information | Product Use Citations | Product Validations |
|---|---|---|---|
| S8414 |
PACAP 1-27Pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide (PACAP 1-27) is a potent PACAP receptor antagonist. |
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| S7499 |
ESI-09ESI-09 is a specific exchange protein directly activated by cAMP (EPAC) inhibitor with IC50 of 3.2 μM and 1.4 μM for EPAC1 and EPAC2, respectively, >100-fold selectivity over PKA. |
PKA but not Epac blockade reversed the JWH133-mediated effects on the microglial phenotypic conversion. PKA (H89) or Epac (ESI-09) specific inhibitors were treated with JWH133. qPCR was used to investigate mRNA expression of the M1 markers CD86 (A) and CD68 (B), as well as the M2 markers Ym1 (D) and CD206 (E). Western blot analysis was conducted, and the relative CD68 (C) and CD206 (F) densities were evaluated for further determinations. The data are expressed as means ± SD. **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001 vs. Throm; #P < 0.05, ##P < 0.01 vs. Throm + JWH; n = 3 per group. |
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| S8416 |
PACAP 6-38PACAP 6-38 is a PACAP (pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide) non-stimulating competitive antagonist with an IC50 value of 2 nM. It also acts as a functional CARTp antagonist in vivo. |
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| S7500 |
HJC0350HJC0350 is a potent and selective EPAC2 inhibitor with IC50 of 0.3 μM, exhibiting no inhibition on Epac1. |
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| S6850 |
NE 52-QQ57NE 52-QQ57 is a selective, and orally available antagonist of G-protein coupled receptor 4 (GPR4) with IC50 of 0.07 μM. NE 52-QQ57 effectively blocks GPR4-mediated cAMP accumulation with IC50 of 26.8 nM in HEK293 cells. The antagonism of GPR4 with NE 52-QQ57 significantly inhibits the AGE-induced increased expression of several key inflammatory cytokines and signaling molecules, including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), nitric oxide (NO), cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2), and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). |
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| S8283 |
SQ22536SQ22536 (9-(tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)-9h-purin-6-amine) is an inhibitor of adenylyl cyclase with an IC50 of 1.4 μM. It can inhibit PGE1-stimulated increases in cAMP levels in intact human platelets. |
Effects of AC inhibitor SQ22536 on A20 cell proliferation and expression of cAMP, Reelin, CDK5, IL-10 and caspase-3. (A) The expression level of cAMP in A20 cells treated with SQ22536 using ELISA assay. (B) The proliferation rate analysis of A20 cell treated with SQ22536 using CCK-8 assay. (C) Western blotting determined the expression levels of Reelin, CDK5, caspase-3 and IL-10 in A20 treated with SQ22536. **p<0.01.
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| S6478 |
Fipexide hydrochlorideFipexide (hydrochloride) is a psychoactive drug of the piperazine class. |
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| S0451 |
ST034307ST034307 is a potent and selective inhibitor of adenylyl cyclase 1 (AC1) with IC50 of 2.3 μM. |
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| S4552 |
BithionolBithionol (Actamer) is a potent inhibitor of soluble adenylyl cyclase(sAC) with an IC50 of 4 μM and has antibacterial and anthelmintic properties along with algaecide activity. |
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| S2449 |
Colforsin (Forskolin, HL 362)Colforsin (Forskolin, HL 362, Coleonol, Colforsin) is a ubiquitous activator of eukaryotic adenylyl cyclase (AC) in a wide variety of cell types, commonly used to raise levels of cAMP in the study and research of cell physiology. Forskolin also activates PXR and FXR activity. Forskolin stimulates autophagy. |
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| S0837 |
HJC0197HJC0197 is a selective Epac 1/2 dual antagonists with an IC50 of 5.9 μM for Epac2. |
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| S8415 |
PACAP 1-38PACAP 1-38 (Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase Activating Polypeptide 38) is a highly potent PACAP receptor agonist (Kd = 100 pM). It stimulates adenylate cyclase and phagocytosis. |
| Catalog No. | Information | Product Use Citations | Product Validations |
|---|---|---|---|
| S8414 |
PACAP 1-27Pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide (PACAP 1-27) is a potent PACAP receptor antagonist. |
||
| S7499 |
ESI-09ESI-09 is a specific exchange protein directly activated by cAMP (EPAC) inhibitor with IC50 of 3.2 μM and 1.4 μM for EPAC1 and EPAC2, respectively, >100-fold selectivity over PKA. |
PKA but not Epac blockade reversed the JWH133-mediated effects on the microglial phenotypic conversion. PKA (H89) or Epac (ESI-09) specific inhibitors were treated with JWH133. qPCR was used to investigate mRNA expression of the M1 markers CD86 (A) and CD68 (B), as well as the M2 markers Ym1 (D) and CD206 (E). Western blot analysis was conducted, and the relative CD68 (C) and CD206 (F) densities were evaluated for further determinations. The data are expressed as means ± SD. **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001 vs. Throm; #P < 0.05, ##P < 0.01 vs. Throm + JWH; n = 3 per group. |
|
| S8416 |
PACAP 6-38PACAP 6-38 is a PACAP (pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide) non-stimulating competitive antagonist with an IC50 value of 2 nM. It also acts as a functional CARTp antagonist in vivo. |
||
| S7500 |
HJC0350HJC0350 is a potent and selective EPAC2 inhibitor with IC50 of 0.3 μM, exhibiting no inhibition on Epac1. |
||
| S6850 |
NE 52-QQ57NE 52-QQ57 is a selective, and orally available antagonist of G-protein coupled receptor 4 (GPR4) with IC50 of 0.07 μM. NE 52-QQ57 effectively blocks GPR4-mediated cAMP accumulation with IC50 of 26.8 nM in HEK293 cells. The antagonism of GPR4 with NE 52-QQ57 significantly inhibits the AGE-induced increased expression of several key inflammatory cytokines and signaling molecules, including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), nitric oxide (NO), cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2), and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). |
||
| S8283 |
SQ22536SQ22536 (9-(tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)-9h-purin-6-amine) is an inhibitor of adenylyl cyclase with an IC50 of 1.4 μM. It can inhibit PGE1-stimulated increases in cAMP levels in intact human platelets. |
Effects of AC inhibitor SQ22536 on A20 cell proliferation and expression of cAMP, Reelin, CDK5, IL-10 and caspase-3. (A) The expression level of cAMP in A20 cells treated with SQ22536 using ELISA assay. (B) The proliferation rate analysis of A20 cell treated with SQ22536 using CCK-8 assay. (C) Western blotting determined the expression levels of Reelin, CDK5, caspase-3 and IL-10 in A20 treated with SQ22536. **p<0.01.
|
|
| S6478 |
Fipexide hydrochlorideFipexide (hydrochloride) is a psychoactive drug of the piperazine class. |
||
| S0451 |
ST034307ST034307 is a potent and selective inhibitor of adenylyl cyclase 1 (AC1) with IC50 of 2.3 μM. |
||
| S4552 |
BithionolBithionol (Actamer) is a potent inhibitor of soluble adenylyl cyclase(sAC) with an IC50 of 4 μM and has antibacterial and anthelmintic properties along with algaecide activity. |
| Catalog No. | Information | Product Use Citations | Product Validations |
|---|---|---|---|
| S2449 |
Colforsin (Forskolin, HL 362)Colforsin (Forskolin, HL 362, Coleonol, Colforsin) is a ubiquitous activator of eukaryotic adenylyl cyclase (AC) in a wide variety of cell types, commonly used to raise levels of cAMP in the study and research of cell physiology. Forskolin also activates PXR and FXR activity. Forskolin stimulates autophagy. |
|
| Catalog No. | Information | Product Use Citations | Product Validations |
|---|---|---|---|
| S0837 |
HJC0197HJC0197 is a selective Epac 1/2 dual antagonists with an IC50 of 5.9 μM for Epac2. |
| Catalog No. | Information | Product Use Citations | Product Validations |
|---|---|---|---|
| S8415 |
PACAP 1-38PACAP 1-38 (Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase Activating Polypeptide 38) is a highly potent PACAP receptor agonist (Kd = 100 pM). It stimulates adenylate cyclase and phagocytosis. |
