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Dapagliflozin

SGLT inhibitor

Catalog No.S1548 Purity:99.99%

research use only

Dapagliflozin is a potent and selective hSGLT2 inhibitor with EC50 of 1.1 nM, exhibiting 1200-fold selectivity over hSGLT1. Phase 4.

Dapagliflozin Chemical Structure

Molecular Weight: 408.87

Purity & Quality Control

Batch: Purity: 99.99%

99.99

Dapagliflozin Related Products

Related Targets	SGLT1 SGLT2	Click to Expand
Related Products	Sotagliflozin Phlorizin Phloretin (RJC 02792)	Click to Expand
Related Compound Libraries	FDA-approved Drug Library Natural Product Library Bioactive Compound Library-I GPCR Compound Library	Click to Expand

Signaling Pathway

SGLT Signaling Pathway

Cell Culture and Working Concentration

Cell Lines	Assay Type	Incubation Time	Activity Description	PMID
CHO cells	Function assay	2 h	Inhibition of human SGLT2 expressed in CHO cells assessed as [14C]alpha-methyl-D-glucopyranoside uptake after 2 hrs by liquid scintillation counting, IC50=0.00049 μM	20434909
CHOK1 cells	Function assay	3 h	Inhibition of human SGLT2 expressed in CHOK1 cells assessed as inhibition of [14C]-AMG uptake after 3 hrs by microbeta scintillation counting analysis, IC50=0.001 μM	24842618
HEK293.ETN cells	Function assay	1.5 h	Inhibition of human SGLT2 transfected in HEK293.ETN cells assessed as AMG uptake after 1.5 hrs by scintillation counting, IC50=0.0067 μM	19896374
COS-7 cells	Function assay	2 h	Inhibition of human SGLT1 transfected in COS-7 cells assessed as AMG uptake after 2 hrs by scintillation counting, IC50=0.89 μM	19896374
CHO	Function assay		Inhibition of human SGLT2 expressed in CHO cells assessed as inhibition of [14C]AMG accumulation, EC50 = 0.0011 μM.	18260618
CHO	Function assay		Inhibition of rat SGLT2 expressed in CHO cells assessed as inhibition of [14C]AMG accumulation, EC50 = 0.003 μM.	18260618
CHO	Function assay		Inhibition of human SGLT1 expressed in CHO cells assessed as inhibition of [14C]AMG accumulation, EC50 = 1.39 μM.	18260618
HEK293.ETN	Function assay		Inhibition of human SGLT2 expressed in HEK293.ETN cells assessed as methyl-alpha-D-[U-14C]glucopyranoside uptake by scintillation counting, IC50 = 0.0067 μM.	19700318
COS7	Function assay		Inhibition of human SGLT1 expressed in african green monkey COS7 cells assessed as methyl-alpha-D-[U-14C]glucopyranoside uptake by scintillation counting, IC50 = 0.885 μM.	19700318
HEK293	Function assay		Inhibition of human SGLT1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as inhibition of [14C]alpha-methylglucopyranoside uptake, IC50 = 0.81 μM.	19785435
CHO	Function assay	2 hrs	Inhibition of human SGLT2 expressed in CHO cells assessed as inhibition of sodium-dependent methyl-alpha-D-[U-14C]glucopyranoside uptake after 2 hrs, IC50 = 0.0014 μM.	20149653
CHO	Function assay	2 hrs	Inhibition of human SGLT1 expressed in CHO cells assessed as inhibition of sodium-dependent methyl-alpha-D-[U-14C]glucopyranoside uptake after 2 hrs, IC50 = 1.2 μM.	20149653
CHO	Function assay		Inhibition of human recombinant SGLT2 expressed in CHO cells by liquid scintillation counting, IC50 = 0.00049 μM.	20181486
HEK293	Function assay	1.5 hrs	Inhibition of human SGLT2 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as inhibition of [14C]alpha-methyl-D-glucopyranoside uptake after 1.5 hrs by liquid scintillation counting, IC50 = 0.0067 μM.	20576578
COS7	Function assay	2 hrs	Inhibition of human SGLT1 expressed in african green monkey COS7 cells assessed as inhibition of [14C]alpha-methyl-D-glucopyranoside uptake after 2 hrs by liquid scintillation counting, IC50 = 0.89 μM.	20576578
CHO	Function assay	2 hrs	Inhibition of human SGLT2 expressed in CHO cells assessed as sodium-dependent [14C]-alpha-methyl-D-glucopyranoside uptake after 2 hrs by liquid scintillation counting, EC50 = 0.003 μM.	21128592
CHO	Function assay	2 hrs	Inhibition of human SGLT1 expressed in CHO cells assessed as sodium-dependent [14C]-alpha-methyl-D-glucopyranoside uptake after 2 hrs by liquid scintillation counting, EC50 = 0.4285 μM.	21128592
CHO	Function assay	2 hrs	Inhibition of human SGLT2 expressed in CHO cells assessed as inhibition of [14C]alpha-methyl-D-glucopyranoside uptake after 2 hrs by liquid scintillation counting, IC50 = 0.00049 μM.	21193308
CHO	Function assay	60 mins	Inhibition of human SGLT2 expressed in CHO cells assessed as inhibition of [14C]-alpha-methyl-D-glucopyranoside transport after 60 mins by scintillation counting, IC50 = 0.004 μM.	21398124
CHO	Function assay	60 mins	Inhibition of human SGLT2 expressed in CHO cells assessed as inhibition of [14C]-alpha-methyl-D-glucopyranoside transport after 60 mins by scintillation counting in presence of 100% plasma, IC50 = 0.022 μM.	21398124
CHO	Function assay	60 mins	Inhibition of human SGLT1 expressed in CHO cells assessed as inhibition of [14C]-alpha-methyl-D-glucopyranoside transport after 60 mins by scintillation counting, IC50 = 0.37 μM.	21398124
CHO	Function assay	60 mins	Inhibition of SGLT6 expressed in CHO cells assessed as inhibition of [14C]-alpha-methyl-D-glucopyranoside transport after 60 mins by scintillation counting, IC50 = 0.38 μM.	21398124
CHO	Function assay	2 hrs	Inhibition of human SGLT2 expressed in CHO cells assessed as [14C]-alpha-methyl-D-glucopyranoside uptake after 2 hrs by liquid scintillation counter, IC50 = 0.00049 μM.	21514014
CHO	Function assay	60 mins	Inhibition of human SGLT2 expressed in CHO cells assessed as inhibition of [14C]-Glucose uptake using [14C]-methyl glucopyranoside after 60 mins by microbeta plate counting, IC50 = 0.003 μM.	21565497
CHO	Function assay		Inhibition of human SGLT2 expressed in CHO cells using methyl-alpha-D-glucopyranoside by liquid scintillation counting, IC50 = 0.00135 μM.	21592794
COS7	Function assay	2 hrs	Inhibition of human SGLT2 expressed in african green monkey COS7 cells assessed as inhibition of [14C]-methyl-alpha-D-glucopyranoside uptake after 2 hrs by scintillation counting in presence of 25 % human plasma, IC50 = 0.0032 μM.	21737266
293	Function assay	1.5 hrs	Inhibition of human SGLT1 expressed in human 293 cells assessed as inhibition of [14C]-methyl-alpha-D-glucopyranoside uptake after 1.5 hrs by scintillation counting in presence of 25 % human plasma, IC50 = 3.1 μM.	21737266
CHO	Function assay	2 hrs	Inhibition of human SGLT2 expressed in CHO cells assessed as reduction of [14C]-labeled AMG after 2 hrs by liquid scintillation counting, IC50 = 0.00135 μM.	21868239
CHO	Function assay	2 hrs	Inhibition of human SGLT2 expressed in CHO cells assessed as [14C]-alpha-methyl-D-glucopyranoside uptake after 2 hrs by liquid scintillation counting, IC50 = 0.00049 μM.	21906953
CHO-K1	Function assay		Inhibition of human SGLT2 expressed in CHO-K1 cells by [14C]AMG uptake assay, IC50 = 0.0013 μM.	22652255
CHO-K1	Function assay		Inhibition of human SGLT1 expressed in CHO-K1 cells by [14C]AMG uptake assay, IC50 = 0.8 μM.	22652255
CHO-K1	Function assay	120 mins	Inhibition of human SGLT2 expressed in CHO-K1 cells incubated for 120 mins at 37 degC by [14C]-AMG uptake assay, EC50 = 0.0024 μM.	22818040
CHO-K1	Function assay	120 mins	Inhibition of human SGLT1 expressed in CHO-K1 cells incubated for 120 mins at 37 degC by [14C]-AMG uptake assay, EC50 = 0.593 μM.	22818040
CHO	Function assay	45 mins	Inhibition of human SGLT2 expressed in CHO cells assessed as inhibition of sodium-dependent [14C]methyl-alpha-D-glucopyranoside uptake after 45 mins, IC50 = 0.0013 μM.	22889351
CHO	Function assay	45 mins	Inhibition of human SGLT1 expressed in CHO cells assessed as inhibition of sodium-dependent [14C]methyl-alpha-D-glucopyranoside uptake after 45 mins, IC50 = 0.8 μM.	22889351
CHOK1	Function assay	3 hrs	Inhibition of human SGLT1 expressed in CHOK1 cells assessed as inhibition of [14C]-AMG uptake after 3 hrs by microbeta scintillation counting analysis, IC50 = 0.891 μM.	24842618
CHO	Function assay	2 hrs	Inhibition of human SGLT2 expressed in CHO cells assessed as [14C]-alpha-methyl-D-glucopyranoside uptake after 2 hrs by liquid scintillation counting, IC50 = 0.00049 μM.	24900297
CHO	Function assay	2 hrs	Competitive inhibition of full-length human SGLT2 expressed in CHO cells assessed as inhibition of sodium-dependent [14C]-alpha-methyl-D-glucopyranoside uptake after 2 hrs by scintillation counting, IC50 = 0.005 μM.	25650254
CHO	Function assay	120 mins	Inhibition of human SGLT2 expressed in CHO cells assessed as decrease in uptake of [14C]AMG after 120 mins by TopCount method, IC50 = 0.0015 μM.	28447791
CHO	Function assay	120 mins	Inhibition of human SGLT1 expressed in CHO cells assessed as decrease in uptake of [14C]AMG after 120 mins by TopCount method, IC50 = 0.629 μM.	28447791
CHO	Function assay	1 hr	Inhibition of human SGLT2 expressed in CHO cells assessed as reduction in [14C]AMG uptake after 1 hr by microbeta counting method, EC50 = 0.002 μM.	29216560
CHO	Function assay	1 hr	Inhibition of human SGLT1 expressed in CHO cells assessed as reduction in [14C]AMG uptake after 1 hr by microbeta counting method, EC50 = 0.86 μM.	29216560
CHO	Function assay	1 hr	Inhibition of full-length human SGLT2 expressed in CHO cells assessed as decrease in [14C]-methyl alpha-D-glucopyranoside uptake after 1 hr by liquid scintillation counting method, IC50 = 0.00105 μM.	29764742
HEK293	Function assay	10 mins	Inhibition of human SGLT2 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as decrease in [14C]-AMG uptake preincubated for 10 mins followed by [14C]-AMG addition and measured after 2 hrs by liquid scintillation counting method, IC50 = 0.0014 μM.	29954682
HEK293	Function assay	10 mins	Inhibition of human SGLT1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as decrease in [14C]-AMG uptake preincubated for 10 mins followed by [14C]-AMG addition and measured after 2 hrs by liquid scintillation counting method, IC50 = 1.83 μM.	29954682
Click to View More Cell Line Experimental Data

Mechanism of Action

Description

Dapagliflozin is a potent and selective hSGLT2 inhibitor with EC50 of 1.1 nM, exhibiting 1200-fold selectivity over hSGLT1. Phase 4.

Features

More potent stimulator of glucosuria than other SGLT2 inhibitors.

Targets

hSGLT2 ^[1]
(CHO cells)

1.1 nM(EC50)

In vitro
In vitro	Dapagliflozin is not sensitive to hSGLT1 with a 1200-fold IC50. ^[1] Dapagliflozin is 32-fold more potent than phlorizin against hSGLT2 but 4-fold less than phlorizin against hSGLT1. Dapagliflozin is highly selective versus GLUT transporters and displays 8–9% inhibition in protein-free buffer at 20 μM and virtually no inhibition in the presence of 4% bovine serum albumin. ^[2] Dapagliflozin has good permeability across Caco-2 cell membranes and is a substrate for P-glycoprotein (P-gp) but not a significant P-gp inhibitor. Dapagliflozin is stable in rat, dog, monkey, and human serum at 10 μM. Dapagliflozin shows no inhibitory responses or induction to human P450 enzymes. The in vitro metabolic pathways Dapagliflozin are glucuronidation, hydroxylation, and O-deethylation. ^[3]
Kinase Assay	SGLT Binding Assays
Kinase Assay	Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells stably expressing human SGLT2 (hSGLT2) and human SGLT1 (\hSGLT1) are utilized for the development of transport assays using the selective SGLT substrate α-methyl-D-glucopyranoside (AMG). Dapagliflozin is assayed for the ability to inhibit [¹⁴C]AMG uptake in a protein- free buffer over a 2 hours incubation period. The response curve is fitted to an empirical four-parameter model to determine the inhibitor concentration at half maximal response, reported as EC50. Protein-free buffer is used to simulate the low-protein conditions of the glomerular filtrate, which bathes the SGLT targets on the lumenal surface of the proximal tubule in the kidney.
Experimental Result Images	Methods	Biomarkers	Images	PMID
	Western blot	HIF-1α / p-AMPK / AMPK / p-ERK / ERK / β-actin DDR1 HIF-1α / PHD2 / tubulin p-elf2α / t-elf2α / tubulin-α Bax / Bcl2 / PARP / β-actin		27391020
	Growth inhibition assay	Tumor volume		28763435
	IHC	TUNEL-positive cells HIF1 TUNEL-positive cells mice kidney sections HE staining / SGLT2		27391020
	Immunofluorescence	Metabolic switch in diabetic kidneys F-actin EdU PECAM-1 / α-SMA podocytes		32444604

In Vivo
In vivo	Dapagliflozin reduces blood glucose levels by 55% after 0.1 mg/kg oral dose in hyperglycemic streptozotocin (STZ) rats, which is in part to the metabolic stability conferred by the C-glucoside linkage. Dapagliflozin displays a favorable absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) profile and is orally bioavailable. ^[1] Dapagliflozin (1 mg/kg) causes significant dose-dependent glucosuria and increase in urine volume in normal rats over 24 hours post-dose. Dapagliflozin induces increase in urine glucose and urine volume excretion at 6 hours post-dose in Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats. Dapagliflozin lowers fasting and fed glucose levels in ZDF rats even by 2 weeks of treatment, without any marker of renal or liver toxicity. ^[2] Dapagliflozin significantly reduces the development of hyperglycaemia, with lowered blood glucose. Dapagliflozin could improve the insulin sensitivity, reduce β-cell mass and the development of impaired pancreatic function. ^[4]
Animal Research	Animal Models	Normal Sprague Dawley rats or streptozotocin induced male Sprague Dawley rats
	Dosages	0.01-10 mg/kg (1 mL/kg) followed by a 50% glucose solution (2 g/kg)
	Administration	Dosed orally

NCT Number	Recruitment	Conditions	Sponsor/Collaborators	Start Date	Phases
Clinical Trial Information (data from https://clinicaltrials.gov, updated on 2024-05-22)
NCT06012266	Not yet recruiting	Heart Failure	Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois\|Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust\|University College London	August 2024	Phase 2
NCT06336330	Recruiting	Heart Diseases\|Cardiovascular Diseases\|Heart Failure	AstraZeneca	April 25 2024	--
NCT04887935	Not yet recruiting	Prostate Cancer\|Cancer of Prostate	Washington University School of Medicine\|The Foundation for Barnes-Jewish Hospital	April 30 2024	Phase 1
NCT06398977	Recruiting	Peritoneal Dialysis Complication\|Renal Function Aggravated\|Sodium-glucose Co-transporter-2 Inhibitors	Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences	March 11 2024	Not Applicable

References
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18260618/ https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18356408/ https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19996149/ https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20880347/ https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34836340/ + Expand

References

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18260618/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18356408/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19996149/

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20880347/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34836340/

+ Expand

Chemical Information

Molecular Weight	408.87	Formula	C₂₁H₂₅ClO₆
CAS No.	461432-26-8	SDF	Download Dapagliflozin SDF
Synonyms	BMS-512148
Smiles	CCOC1=CC=C(C=C1)CC2=C(C=CC(=C2)C3C(C(C(C(O3)CO)O)O)O)Cl

Storage and Stability

Storage (From the date of receipt)	3 years -20°C powder (seal)	Storage of Stock Solutions Aliquot the stock solutions to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles	1 year-80°Cin solvent
			1 month-20°Cin solvent

In vitro
Batch:

DMSO : 100 mg/mL ( (244.57 mM) Moisture-absorbing DMSO reduces solubility. Please use fresh DMSO.)

Ethanol : 100 mg/mL

Water : Insoluble

Molecular Weight Calculator

In vivo Batch: Add solvents to the product individually and in order.				In vivo Formulation Calculator
Homogeneous suspension	CMC-NA	≥5mg/ml	Taking the 1 mL working solution as an example, add 5 mg of this product to 1 ml of CMC-Na solution, mix evenly to obtain a homogeneous suspension with a final concentration of 5 mg/ml.
Homogeneous suspension	CMC-NA	≥5mg/ml	Taking the 1 mL working solution as an example, add 5 mg of this product to 1 ml of CMC-Na solution, mix evenly to obtain a homogeneous suspension with a final concentration of 5 mg/ml.
Homogeneous suspension	CMC-NA	≥5mg/ml	Taking the 1 mL working solution as an example, add 5 mg of this product to 1 ml of CMC-Na solution, mix evenly to obtain a homogeneous suspension with a final concentration of 5 mg/ml.
Homogeneous suspension	CMC-NA	≥5mg/ml	Taking the 1 mL working solution as an example, add 5 mg of this product to 1 ml of CMC-Na solution, mix evenly to obtain a homogeneous suspension with a final concentration of 5 mg/ml.
Homogeneous suspension	CMC-NA	≥5mg/ml	Taking the 1 mL working solution as an example, add 5 mg of this product to 1 ml of CMC-Na solution, mix evenly to obtain a homogeneous suspension with a final concentration of 5 mg/ml.
Clear solution	5%DMSO 1 40%PEG300 2 5%Tween80 3 50%ddH2O Validated by Selleck labs. Should you need adjustments to this formulation, contact our sales team for custom testing.	4.100mg/ml (10.03mM)	Taking the 1 mL working solution as an example, add 50 μL 82 mg/ml clarified DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300, mix evenly to clarify it; add 50 μL Tween80 to the above system, mix evenly to clarify it; then continue to add 500 μL ddH2O to adjust the volume to 1 mL. The mixed solution should be used immediately for optimal results.

Preparing Stock Solutions

Molarity Calculator

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In vivo Formulation Calculator (Clear solution)

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Tech Support

Answers to questions you may have can be found in the inhibitor handling instructions. Topics include how to prepare stock solutions, how to store inhibitors, and issues that need special attention for cell-based assays and animal experiments.

Handling Instructions

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