Zoledronic acid monohydrate

'BxPC-3 and CFPAC-1 are adherent human pancreatic adenocarcinoma cell lines that were grown in RPMI 1640 and Iscove's modified Dulbecco's media, respectively. PANC-1 is a human epithelioid pancreas carcinoma cell line that was grown in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM). All media were supplemented with 10% heat-inactivated fetal bovine serum, 2 mM L-glutamine, 100 μg/ml streptomycin and 100 U/ml penicillin. All PC cell lines were cultured at a constant temperature of 37°C in a humidified atmosphere of 5% carbon dioxide (CO2). The neutralised sodium salt of ZOL was dissolved in sterile ddH2O and used at a final concentration in a range of 1-100 μM. Analysis of cell proliferation was performed on PC cells in the presence of increasing concentrations of ZOL by the MTT assay. Briefly, PC cells (3 × 10⁴/well) were seeded in 96-well plates in serum-containing media and allowed to attach for 24 h. The medium was then removed and replaced with new medium containing ZOL at different concentrations. Cells were incubated under these conditions for a time course spanning 72 h. Then cells were incubated with 10 μl well−1 of thiazolyl blue (MTT, 5 mg/ml) for 1 h at 37°C. After incubation, 100 μl of 0.04 N HCl in isopropanol was added into each well and the absorbance was measured at a wavelength of 620 nm in a microplate reader.