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Sitagliptin DPP inhibitor

Name: Sitagliptin
Brand: Selleck Chemicals
SKU: S5079
Availability: InStock
Rating: 5 (21 reviews)

Cat.No.S5079

Sitagliptin (MK-0431) is an oral and highly selective DPP-4 inhibitor with an IC50 of 18 nM. It is used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.

Chemical Structure

Molecular Weight: 407.31

Jump to Mechanism of Action Solubility Chemical Information, Storage & Stability Specificity

Quality Control

Batch: Purity: 99.91%

99.91

Related Targets	HDAC Caspase MMP HCV Protease Cysteine Protease Tyrosinase HIV Protease Proteasome Serine Protease Secretase PCSK9 Glutaminase Acyltransferase Thrombin Cathepsin B MALT PAD PREP Neprilysin SGK Aminopeptidase 3C-Like Protease PGDS GOT
Related Products	Talabostat (PT-100) Omarigliptin (MK-3102)

Chemical Information, Storage & Stability

Molecular Weight	407.31	Formula	C₁₆H₁₅F₆N₅O	Storage (From the date of receipt)	3 years-20°Cpowder
CAS No.	486460-32-6	--		Storage of Stock Solutions	1 year-80°Cin solvent 1 month-20°Cin solvent
Synonyms	MK-0431			Smiles	C1CN2C(=NN=C2C(F)(F)F)CN1C(=O)CC(CC3=CC(=C(C=C3F)F)F)N

Solubility

In vitro
Batch:

DMSO : 81 mg/mL ( (198.86 mM) Moisture-absorbing DMSO reduces solubility. Please use fresh DMSO.)

Ethanol : 81 mg/mL

Water : 5 mg/mL (Ultrasonic and heating for 10 minutes, at 60℃.)

DMSO : 81 mg/mL ( (198.86 mM) Moisture-absorbing DMSO reduces solubility. Please use fresh DMSO.)

Ethanol : 81 mg/mL

Water : 7 mg/mL (Ultrasonic and heating for 10 minutes, at 60℃.)

Molarity Calculator

Mass	Concentration	Volume	Molecular Weight
=	×	×

Dilution Calculator Molecular Weight Calculator

In vivo Batch:
Homogeneous suspension	CMC-NA	≥5mg/ml	Taking the 1 mL working solution as an example, add 5 mg of this product to 1 ml of CMC-Na solution, mix evenly to obtain a homogeneous suspension with a final concentration of 5 mg/ml.
Homogeneous suspension	CMC-NA	≥5mg/ml	Taking the 1 mL working solution as an example, add 5 mg of this product to 1 ml of CMC-Na solution, mix evenly to obtain a homogeneous suspension with a final concentration of 5 mg/ml.
Homogeneous suspension	CMC-NA	≥5mg/ml	Taking the 1 mL working solution as an example, add 5 mg of this product to 1 ml of CMC-Na solution, mix evenly to obtain a homogeneous suspension with a final concentration of 5 mg/ml.
Homogeneous suspension	CMC-NA	≥5mg/ml	Taking the 1 mL working solution as an example, add 5 mg of this product to 1 ml of CMC-Na solution, mix evenly to obtain a homogeneous suspension with a final concentration of 5 mg/ml.
Clear solution	5%DMSO 1 Corn oil Validated by Selleck labs. Should you need adjustments to this formulation, contact our sales team for custom testing.	10.000mg/ml (24.55mM)	Taking the 1 mL working solution as an example, add 50 μL of 200 mg/ml clear DMSO stock solution to 950 μL of corn oil and mix evenly. The mixed solution should be used immediately for optimal results.
Clear solution	5%DMSO 1 40%PEG300 2 5%Tween80 3 50%ddH2O Validated by Selleck labs. Should you need adjustments to this formulation, contact our sales team for custom testing.	10.000mg/ml (24.55mM)	Taking the 1 mL working solution as an example, add 50 μL of 200 mg/ml clarified DMSO stock solution to 400 μL of PEG300, mix evenly to clarify it; add 50 μL of Tween80 to the above system, mix evenly to clarify; then continue to add 500 μL of ddH2O to adjust the volume to 1 mL. The mixed solution should be used immediately for optimal results.

In vivo Formulation Calculator (Clear solution)

Step 1: Enter information below (Recommended: An additional animal making an allowance for loss during the experiment)

Dosage: mg/kg Average weight of animals: g Dosing volume per animal:μL Number of animals:

Step 2: Enter the in vivo formulation (This is only the calculator, not formulation. Please contact us first if there is no in vivo formulation at the solubility Section.)

% DMSO + % + % Tween 80 + % ddH₂O

%DMSO+ %

Calculation results:

Working concentration: mg/ml;

Method for preparing DMSO master liquid: mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO ( Master liquid concentration mg/mL, Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug. )

Method for preparing in vivo formulation: Take μL DMSO master liquid, next addμL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH₂O, mix and clarify.

Method for preparing in vivo formulation: Take μL DMSO master liquid, next add μL Corn oil, mix and clarify.

Note: 1. Please make sure the liquid is clear before adding the next solvent.
2. Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order. You must ensure that the solution obtained, in the previous addition, is a clear solution before proceeding to add the next solvent. Physical methods such
as vortex, ultrasound or hot water bath can be used to aid dissolving.

Mechanism of Action

Targets/IC₅₀/Ki	DPP-4 ^[1] (Cell-free) 18 nM
In vitro	Sitagliptin exhibits a > 2600-fold margin of selectivity against DPP8, DPP9, and other members of the dipeptidyl peptidase family (i.e., potency against DPP-4 vs. DPP8/9)^[1]. This compound reduces in vitro migration of isolated splenic CD4 T-cells through a pathway involving cAMP/PKA/Rac1 activation^[2]. It exerts a novel, direct action in order to stimulate GLP-1 secretion by the intestinal L cell through a DPP-4-independent, protein kinase A- and MEK-ERK1/2-dependent pathway. It therefore reduces the effect of autoimmunity on graft survival^[3].
In vivo	Sitagliptin is well absorbed after oral administration with a bioavailability of 87%. It has an apparent terminal half-life of 10–12 h at doses of 25-100 mg and is excreted mainly (≈ 80%) as unchanged compound by the kidneys. This compound does not interfere with the P450 cytochrome enzymes nor have there been any reported significant drug-drug interactions. It has been shown to inhibit DPP-4 activity by > 90% within 1-2 h of administration^[1]. It has a short half-life in mice (1-2 h). Chronic sitagliptin treatment in a non-geneticmouse model of type 2 diabetes elicits significant improvement in glycemic control. The improved glucose homeostasis correlates with restoration of normal islet cell (α and β cells) mass, architecture and insulin secretion capacity in response to glucose stimulation^[4]. This compound prolongs islet graft survival in streptozotocin-induced and NOD mice. Administration of this chemical in vivo reduces lymph node and splenic CD4+ T-cell migration, measured in vitro, via incretin- and nonincretin-mediated effects, respectively, and splenic sDPP-IV-responsive CD4+ T-cells and lymph node incretin nonresponsive CD4+ T-cells selectively infiltrated islets of diabetic NOD mice, after tail vein injection^[5]. It significantly suppressed epileptogenesis in PTZ (pentylenetetrazole)-induced seizures. This compound counteracted neuronal damage and all biochemical, and histo-chemical alteration induced by PTZ. Oral sitagliptin can promote hippocampal neurogenesis, counteract hippocampal oxidative stress, and prevent the decline in mice cognition^[6].
References	https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18182122/ https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19073764/ https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22186413/ https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19765579/ https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20368408/ https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29032011/

Clinical Trial Information

(data from https://clinicaltrials.gov, updated on 2024-05-22)

NCT Number	Recruitment	Conditions	Sponsor/Collaborators	Start Date	Phases
NCT05219409	Not yet recruiting	Type 1 Diabetes	University of Milan	July 2023	Phase 2\|Phase 3
NCT05403281	Completed	Healthy Subjects	Dong Wha Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd.	November 5 2021	Phase 1
NCT03790839	Completed	Patients	Hua Medicine Limited	January 31 2019	Phase 1
NCT03359590	Completed	Pharmacological Action	Profil Institut für Stoffwechselforschung GmbH\|Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC	March 21 2018	Phase 2

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