Sitagliptin

For research use only. Not for use in humans.

Catalog No.S5079 Synonyms: MK-0431

4 publications

Sitagliptin Chemical Structure

Molecular Weight(MW): 407.31

Sitagliptin is an oral and highly selective DPP-4 inhibitor with an IC50 of 18 nM. It is used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.

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Selleck's Sitagliptin has been cited by 4 publications

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Biological Activity

Description Sitagliptin is an oral and highly selective DPP-4 inhibitor with an IC50 of 18 nM. It is used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.
Targets
DPP-4 [1]
(Cell-free)
18 nM
In vitro

Sitagliptin exhibits a > 2600-fold margin of selectivity against DPP8, DPP9, and other members of the dipeptidyl peptidase family (i.e., potency against DPP-4 vs. DPP8/9)[1]. MK0431 reduces in vitro migration of isolated splenic CD4 T-cells through a pathway involving cAMP/PKA/Rac1 activation[2]. Sitagliptin exerts a novel, direct action in order to stimulate GLP-1 secretion by the intestinal L cell through a DPP-4-independent, protein kinase A- and MEK-ERK1/2-dependent pathway. It therefore reduces the effect of autoimmunity on graft survival[3].
In vivo Sitagliptin is well absorbed after oral administration with a bioavailability of 87%. Sitagliptin has an apparent terminal half-life of 10–12 h at doses of 25-100 mg and is excreted mainly (≈ 80%) as unchanged compound by the kidneys. Sitagliptin does not interfere with the P450 cytochrome enzymes nor have there been any reported significant drug-drug interactions. Sitagliptin has been shown to inhibit DPP-4 activity by > 90% within 1-2 h of administration[1]. It has a short half-life in mice (1-2 h). Chronic sitagliptin treatment in a non-geneticmouse model of type 2 diabetes elicits significant improvement in glycemic control. The improved glucose homeostasis correlates with restoration of normal islet cell (α and β cells) mass, architecture and insulin secretion capacity in response to glucose stimulation[4]. Sitagliptin prolongs islet graft survival in streptozotocin-induced and NOD mice. Administration of sitagliptin in vivo reduces lymph node and splenic CD4+ T-cell migration, measured in vitro, via incretin- and nonincretin-mediated effects, respectively, and splenic sDPP-IV-responsive CD4+ T-cells and lymph node incretin nonresponsive CD4+ T-cells selectively infiltrated islets of diabetic NOD mice, after tail vein injection[5]. Sitagliptin significantly suppressed epileptogenesis in PTZ (pentylenetetrazole)-induced seizures. Sitagliptin counteracted neuronal damage and all biochemical, and histo-chemical alteration induced by PTZ. Oral sitagliptin can promote hippocampal neurogenesis, counteract hippocampal oxidative stress, and prevent the decline in mice cognition[6].

Protocol

Cell Research:

[5]
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  • Cell lines: CD4+ T-cells
  • Concentrations: 100 μmol/l
  • Incubation Time: 1 h
  • Method:

    CD4+ T-cells (1 × 106 cells) were plated on membrane inserts (8-μm pore size) in serum-free RPMI 1640 medium. Cell migration was assayed using Transwell chambers in media ± purified porcine kidney DPP-IV (32.1 units/mg; 100 mU/ml final concentration) ± sitagliptin (100 μmol/l) or human GIP (100 nmol/l) or human GLP-1 (100 nmol/l). After 1 h, cells on the upper surface were removed mechanically and migrated cells in the lower compartment were counted.


    (Only for Reference)
Animal Research:

[4]
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  • Animal Models: male ICR mice
  • Formulation: pre-mixed with high fat diet
  • Dosages: 280 mg/kg
  • Administration: oral
    (Only for Reference)

Solubility (25°C)

In vitro DMSO 81 mg/mL (198.86 mM)
 
 

* Please note that Selleck tests the solubility of all compounds in-house, and the actual solubility may differ slightly from published values. This is normal and is due to slight batch-to-batch variations.

Chemical Information

Molecular Weight 407.31
Formula

C16H15F6N5O
CAS No. 486460-32-6
Storage powder
in solvent
Synonyms MK-0431
Smiles NC(CC(=O)N1CC[N]2C(=NN=C2C(F)(F)F)C1)CC3=C(F)C=C(F)C(=C3)F

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Clinical Trial Information

NCT Number Recruitment interventions Conditions Sponsor/Collaborators Start Date Phases
NCT03359590 Completed Drug: Sitagliptin 100mg|Other: Placebo arm Pharmacological Action Profil Institut für Stoffwechselforschung GmbH|Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp. March 21 2018 Phase 2
NCT03659461 Recruiting Drug: Sitagliptin Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus|PreDiabetes National University of Malaysia October 1 2017 Not Applicable
NCT03233178 Completed Other: Non-interventional T2DM (Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus)|Fatty Liver|NAFLD LMC Diabetes & Endocrinology Ltd. January 2017 --
NCT02900417 Unknown status Drug: Sitagliptin Type 2 Diabetes Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University September 2016 Not Applicable

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DPP-4 Signaling Pathway Map

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Cell Lines Assay Type Concentration Incubation Time Formulation Activity Description PMID