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GLP-1 Mouse mAb

Catalog No.: F1621

Application: Reactivity: Mouse, Human

Immunohistochemical analysis of formalin fixed paraffin embedded human pancreas tissue with F1621 at 1:500 dilution.

Usage Information

Dilution
IHC1:2000

Application
IHC, sELISA

Reactivity
Mouse, Human

Source
Mouse

Storage Buffer
PBS, pH 7.2+50% Glycerol+0.05% BSA+0.01% NaN3

Storage (from the date of receipt)
-20°C (avoid freeze-thaw cycles), 2 years

Datasheet & SDS

Biological Description

Specificity
GLP-1 Mouse mAb recognizes endogenous levels of total GLP-1 protein.

Clone
B23D23

Synonym(s)
Pro-glucagon, GCG

Background
Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is a 30-amino-acid incretin hormone primarily secreted by intestinal L-cells in response to nutrient ingestion, produced through the enzymatic cleavage of the proglucagon precursor. GLP-1 contains a conserved N-terminal sequence critical for receptor activation, including key residues such as His7 that are essential for binding and signaling, and adopts α-helical conformations stabilizing its interaction with the GLP-1 receptor (GLP-1R), a G-protein-coupled receptor expressed in pancreatic β-cells, brain, gastrointestinal tract, and other tissues. Upon binding GLP-1R, the receptor activates G-proteins that stimulate adenylate cyclase, increasing intracellular cAMP, which triggers downstream effectors like protein kinase A (PKA) and Epac2, enhancing glucose-dependent insulin secretion, inhibiting glucagon release mainly via somatostatin secretion from δ-cells, and slowing gastric emptying to control postprandial glucose levels. GLP-1 also reduces appetite and promotes satiety via central nervous system pathways. GLP-1R activation exerts neuroprotective effects by modulating inflammation and promoting neuronal survival through cAMP/PKA and ERK signaling pathways. Additionally, GLP-1 influences mitochondrial function and energy metabolism in muscle and neuronal cells and favors bone formation by modulating the osteoprotegerin (OPG)/RANKL ratio to support skeletal health. Endogenously, GLP-1 is rapidly degraded by dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4), limiting its half-life to about 1–2 minutes, prompting the development of GLP-1 receptor agonists and DPP-4 inhibitors as therapeutics for type 2 diabetes and obesity.

Background

Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is a 30-amino-acid incretin hormone primarily secreted by intestinal L-cells in response to nutrient ingestion, produced through the enzymatic cleavage of the proglucagon precursor. GLP-1 contains a conserved N-terminal sequence critical for receptor activation, including key residues such as His7 that are essential for binding and signaling, and adopts α-helical conformations stabilizing its interaction with the GLP-1 receptor (GLP-1R), a G-protein-coupled receptor expressed in pancreatic β-cells, brain, gastrointestinal tract, and other tissues. Upon binding GLP-1R, the receptor activates G-proteins that stimulate adenylate cyclase, increasing intracellular cAMP, which triggers downstream effectors like protein kinase A (PKA) and Epac2, enhancing glucose-dependent insulin secretion, inhibiting glucagon release mainly via somatostatin secretion from δ-cells, and slowing gastric emptying to control postprandial glucose levels. GLP-1 also reduces appetite and promotes satiety via central nervous system pathways. GLP-1R activation exerts neuroprotective effects by modulating inflammation and promoting neuronal survival through cAMP/PKA and ERK signaling pathways. Additionally, GLP-1 influences mitochondrial function and energy metabolism in muscle and neuronal cells and favors bone formation by modulating the osteoprotegerin (OPG)/RANKL ratio to support skeletal health. Endogenously, GLP-1 is rapidly degraded by dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4), limiting its half-life to about 1–2 minutes, prompting the development of GLP-1 receptor agonists and DPP-4 inhibitors as therapeutics for type 2 diabetes and obesity.

References
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21950636/ https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39289339/

Reference Table for Selecting PVDF Membrane Pore Size Specifications

Protein Size (kDa)	PVDF Transfer Membrane Pore Size (μm)
< 10	0.22
10-20	0.22
20-30	0.45
30-45	0.45
45-70	0.45
80-100	0.45
100-140	0.45
> 140	0.45

Tech Support

Answers to questions you may have can be found in the inhibitor handling instructions. Topics include how to prepare stock solutions, how to store inhibitors, and issues that need special attention for cell-based assays and animal experiments.

Handling Instructions

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Protein Size (kDa)	Separating Gel Percentage
4-40	20%
12-45	15%
10-70	12.5%
15-100	10%
25-100	8%
60-210	5%