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Anti-Hexokinase II Rabbit Antibody [F23A5]

Catalog No.: F2862

Application: Reactivity: Mouse, Rat, Human

Usage Information

Dilution
WB1:1000 IP1:30 IHC1:500 IF1:100 FCM1:60

Application
WB, IP, IHC, IF , FCM

Reactivity
Mouse, Rat, Human

Source
Rabbit

Storage Buffer
PBS, pH 7.2+50% Glycerol+0.05% BSA+0.01% NaN3

Storage (from the date of receipt)
-20°C (avoid freeze-thaw cycles), 2 years

Predicted MW Observed MW
102 kDa 105 kDa, 110 kDa, 102 kDa, 50 kDa
^*Why do the predicted and actual molecular weights differ? The following reasons may explain differences between the predicted and actual protein molecular weight.

Datasheet & SDS

Biological Description

Specificity
Anti-Hexokinase II Rabbit Antibody [F23A5] detects endogenous levels of total Hexokinase II protein.

Clone
F23A5

Synonym(s)
Hexokinase-2, Hexokinase type II, Hexokinase-B, Muscle form hexokinase, HK II, HK2

Background
Hexokinase II (HK-II) is a key enzyme catalyzing the phosphorylation of glucose to glucose-6-phosphate, the first and rate-limiting step of glycolysis, predominantly expressed in insulin-sensitive tissues like the heart, skeletal muscle, and adipose tissue. HK-II contains two functional catalytic domains and an N-terminal mitochondrial binding domain, enabling it to associate with the outer mitochondrial membrane, which enhances its enzymatic efficiency and confers anti-apoptotic properties. HK-II integrates metabolic and survival signaling by coupling glucose metabolism with mitochondrial function, thereby enhancing ATP production and protecting against cell death. HK-II expression and activity are tightly regulated by pathways including Akt/mTOR, where Akt-mediated phosphorylation increases mitochondrial targeting, optimizing energy production and cell survival. HK-II binds and inhibits mTORC1 via a conserved TOS motif, triggering protective autophagy independent of its kinase activity under conditions of glucose deprivation. Post-translational modifications such as phosphorylation influence HK-II’s subcellular localization and interaction with signaling networks. Dysregulated HK-II expression is frequently observed in cancers, contributing to the Warburg effect and tumor progression, and is reduced in pathological states like type 1 diabetes.

Background

Hexokinase II (HK-II) is a key enzyme catalyzing the phosphorylation of glucose to glucose-6-phosphate, the first and rate-limiting step of glycolysis, predominantly expressed in insulin-sensitive tissues like the heart, skeletal muscle, and adipose tissue. HK-II contains two functional catalytic domains and an N-terminal mitochondrial binding domain, enabling it to associate with the outer mitochondrial membrane, which enhances its enzymatic efficiency and confers anti-apoptotic properties. HK-II integrates metabolic and survival signaling by coupling glucose metabolism with mitochondrial function, thereby enhancing ATP production and protecting against cell death. HK-II expression and activity are tightly regulated by pathways including Akt/mTOR, where Akt-mediated phosphorylation increases mitochondrial targeting, optimizing energy production and cell survival. HK-II binds and inhibits mTORC1 via a conserved TOS motif, triggering protective autophagy independent of its kinase activity under conditions of glucose deprivation. Post-translational modifications such as phosphorylation influence HK-II’s subcellular localization and interaction with signaling networks. Dysregulated HK-II expression is frequently observed in cancers, contributing to the Warburg effect and tumor progression, and is reduced in pathological states like type 1 diabetes.

References
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24462113/ https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25323588/

Reference Table for Selecting PVDF Membrane Pore Size Specifications

Protein Size (kDa)	PVDF Transfer Membrane Pore Size (μm)
< 10	0.22
10-20	0.22
20-30	0.45
30-45	0.45
45-70	0.45
80-100	0.45
100-140	0.45
> 140	0.45

Tech Support

Answers to questions you may have can be found in the inhibitor handling instructions. Topics include how to prepare stock solutions, how to store inhibitors, and issues that need special attention for cell-based assays and animal experiments.

Handling Instructions

Tel: +1-832-582-8158 Ext:3
If you have any other enquiries, please leave a message.

* Indicates a Required Field

Protein Size (kDa)	Separating Gel Percentage
4-40	20%
12-45	15%
10-70	12.5%
15-100	10%
25-100	8%
60-210	5%