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Anti-Cathepsin S Rabbit Antibody [D17A22]

Catalog No.: F3317

Application: Reactivity: Human

Usage Information

Dilution
WB1:1000 - 1:10000 IHC1:50 - 1:500

Application
WB, IHC

Reactivity
Human

Source
Rabbit

Storage Buffer
PBS, pH 7.2+50% Glycerol+0.05% BSA+0.01% NaN3

Storage (from the date of receipt)
-20°C (avoid freeze-thaw cycles), 2 years

Predicted MW Observed MW
37 kDa 25 kDa
^*Why do the predicted and actual molecular weights differ? The following reasons may explain differences between the predicted and actual protein molecular weight.

Datasheet & SDS

Biological Description

Specificity
Anti-Cathepsin S Rabbit Antibody [D17A22] detects endogenous levels of total Cathepsin S protein.

Clone
D17A22

Synonym(s)
Cathepsin S, CTSS

Background
Cathepsin S is a lysosomal cysteine protease of the papain family, synthesized as a preproenzyme and activated in acidic compartments. It consists of a 217-amino acid single polypeptide with a papain-like fold containing two domains that form the active site. Unlike many other cathepsins, it retains proteolytic activity at neutral pH, allowing it to act both intracellularly within lysosomes and extracellularly in tissue remodeling and immune responses. Its catalytic activity depends on a critical Cys25–His163 diad, while its substrate-binding cleft confers specificity for peptide cleavage. Cathepsin S plays a central role in adaptive immunity by cleaving invariant chain fragments during MHC class II maturation in antigen-presenting cells, enabling efficient peptide loading and T-cell activation. It also degrades extracellular matrix proteins such as laminin, fibronectin, collagen, and elastin, thereby regulating angiogenesis, vascular permeability, and tissue repair. It also modulates apoptosis through intrinsic mitochondrial and extrinsic death receptor pathways, regulates autophagy, and influences cell survival and homeostasis. Cathepsin S is frequently overexpressed in inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, as well as in cancers, including oral squamous cell carcinoma, where it contributes to malignant cell invasion and migration through extracellular matrix remodeling and signaling pathways.

Background

Cathepsin S is a lysosomal cysteine protease of the papain family, synthesized as a preproenzyme and activated in acidic compartments. It consists of a 217-amino acid single polypeptide with a papain-like fold containing two domains that form the active site. Unlike many other cathepsins, it retains proteolytic activity at neutral pH, allowing it to act both intracellularly within lysosomes and extracellularly in tissue remodeling and immune responses. Its catalytic activity depends on a critical Cys25–His163 diad, while its substrate-binding cleft confers specificity for peptide cleavage. Cathepsin S plays a central role in adaptive immunity by cleaving invariant chain fragments during MHC class II maturation in antigen-presenting cells, enabling efficient peptide loading and T-cell activation. It also degrades extracellular matrix proteins such as laminin, fibronectin, collagen, and elastin, thereby regulating angiogenesis, vascular permeability, and tissue repair. It also modulates apoptosis through intrinsic mitochondrial and extrinsic death receptor pathways, regulates autophagy, and influences cell survival and homeostasis. Cathepsin S is frequently overexpressed in inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, as well as in cancers, including oral squamous cell carcinoma, where it contributes to malignant cell invasion and migration through extracellular matrix remodeling and signaling pathways.

References
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22024571/ https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32668602/

Reference Table for Selecting PVDF Membrane Pore Size Specifications

Protein Size (kDa)	PVDF Transfer Membrane Pore Size (μm)
< 10	0.22
10-20	0.22
20-30	0.45
30-45	0.45
45-70	0.45
80-100	0.45
100-140	0.45
> 140	0.45

Tech Support

Answers to questions you may have can be found in the inhibitor handling instructions. Topics include how to prepare stock solutions, how to store inhibitors, and issues that need special attention for cell-based assays and animal experiments.

Handling Instructions

Tel: +1-832-582-8158 Ext:3
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Protein Size (kDa)	Separating Gel Percentage
4-40	20%
12-45	15%
10-70	12.5%
15-100	10%
25-100	8%
60-210	5%