Blog of Signaling Pathways

JQ1 Induces DNA Damage and Apoptosis, and Inhibits Tumor Growth in a Patient-Derived Xenograft Model of Cholangiocarcinoma

381 views | Jul 25 2019

Garcia PL et al. suggested that c-Myc inhibition and several of its transcriptional targets may contribute to the mechanism of action of JQ1 in this tumor type. We conclude that BET inhibitors such as JQ1 warrant further investigation for the treatment of CCA. [Read the Full Post]

Overcoming Acquired Resistance to AZD9291, A Third-Generation EGFR Inhibitor, through Modulation of MEK/ERK-Dependent Bim and Mcl-1 Degradation

634 views | Jul 25 2019

Shi P et al. showed that modulation of MEK/ERK-dependent Bim and Mcl-1 degradation critically mediates sensitivity and resistance of EGFR-mutant NSCLC cells to AZD9291 and hence is an effective strategy to overcome acquired resistance to AZD9291. [Read the Full Post]

Phenotypic Drug Screening for Dysferlinopathy Using Patient-Derived Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

596 views | Jul 24 2019

Kokubu Y et al. suggested that increasing the amount of misfolded dysferlin using small molecules could represent an effective future clinical treatment for dysferlinopathy. Stem Cells Translational Medicine2019. [Read the Full Post]

A Phase II Trial of Neoadjuvant MK-2206, an AKT Inhibitor, with Anastrozole in Clinical Stage II or III PIK3CA-Mutant ER-Positive and HER2-Negative Breast Cancer

555 views | Jul 24 2019

Ma CX et al. indicated that MK-2206 is unlikely to add to the efficacy of anastrozole alone in PIK3CA-mutant ER+ breast cancer and should not be studied further in the target patient population. [Read the Full Post]

Inhibition of apoptosis by caspase inhibitor Z-VAD-FMK improves cryotolerance of in vitro derived bovine embryos

0 views | Jul 22 2019

Pero ME et al. indicated the addition of 20 μM Z-VAD-FMK during vitrification/warming and post-warming culture partially inhibits cryopreservation-induced apoptosis by reducing the level of active caspase 3, suggesting a potential use as an additive to ameliorate the efficiency of embryo cryopreservation in cattle, critical for a further diffusion of IVEP technology in the field. Further studies are though needed to evaluate the effect of Z-VAD-FMK on post-transfer embryo development before considering a commercial application. [Read the Full Post]

Radiosensitization of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells by Inhibition of TGF-β1 Signaling With SB431542 Is Dependent on p53 Status

1415 views | Jul 22 2019

Zhao Y et al. concluded that the radiosensitizing effect of inhibition of TGF-β1 signaling in NSCLC cells by SB431542 was p53 dependent, suggesting that using TGF-β1 inhibitor in radiotherapy may be more complicated than previously thought and may need further investigation. [Read the Full Post]

Sustained Release Talazoparib Implants for Localized Treatment of BRCA1-deficient Breast Cancer

525 views | Jul 22 2019

Belz JE et al. demonstrated that localized and sustained delivery of Talazoparib via implants has potential to provide superior treatment outcomes at sub-clinical doses with minimal toxicity in patients with BRCA1 deficient tumors. [Read the Full Post]

Rapamycin: An InhibiTOR of Aging Emerges From the Soil of Easter Island

660 views | Jul 21 2019

Arriola Apelo SI et al. discuss recent advances in understanding the molecular and physiological effects of rapamycin treatment, and we discuss how the use of alternative rapamycin treatment regimens or rapamycin analogs has the potential to mitigate the deleterious side effects of rapamycin treatment by more specifically targeting mTORC1. Although the side effects of rapamycin are still of significant concern, rapid progress is being made in realizing the revolutionary potential of rapamycin-based therapies for the treatment of diseases of aging. [Read the Full Post]

GSK1120212 (JTP-74057) is an inhibitor of MEK activity and activation with favorable pharmacokinetic properties for sustained in vivo pathway inhibition

777 views | Jul 21 2019

Gilmartin AG et al. showed that GSK1120212 combines high potency, selectivity, and long circulating half-life, offering promise for successfully targeting the narrow therapeutic window anticipated for clinical MEK inhibitors. [Read the Full Post]

Sustained inhibition of receptor tyrosine kinases and macrophage depletion by PLX3397 and rapamycin as a potential new approach for the treatment of MPNSTs

388 views | Jul 18 2019

Patwardhan PP et al. suggested that PLX3397 is superior to imatinib in the treatment of MPNSTs, and the combination of PLX3397 with a TORC1 inhibitor could provide a new therapeutic approach for the treatment of this disease. [Read the Full Post]

Cytotoxicity and activation of the Wnt/beta-catenin pathway in mouse embryonic stem cells treated with four GSK3 inhibitors

0 views | Jul 18 2019

Naujok O et al. indicated that out of the four tested GSK3 inhibitors, only CHIR-99021 and CHIR-98014 proved to be potent pharmacological activators of the Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway. But only in the case of CHIR-99021 high potency was combined with very low toxicity. [Read the Full Post]

Palbociclib (PD0332991)-a Selective and Potent Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor: A Review of Pharmacodynamics and Clinical Development

567 views | Jul 17 2019

Clark AS et al. indicated that palbociclib is well tolerated and has therapeutic potential for multiple cancers, including breast cancer, where its efficacy has been demonstrated alone and in combination with endocrine therapy. Additional combinations of palbociclib with endocrine therapy, chemotherapy, and targeted therapy have potential in various tumors, and phase 3 trials are under way. [Read the Full Post]

Inhibition of Bcl-2/xl With ABT-263 Selectively Kills Senescent Type II Pneumocytes and Reverses Persistent Pulmonary Fibrosis Induced by Ionizing Radiation in Mice

370 views | Jul 16 2019

Pan J et al. demonstrated that PF can be reversed by a senolytic drug such as ABT-263 after it becomes a progressive disease. Therefore, ABT-263 has the potential to be developed as a new treatment for PF. [Read the Full Post]

The Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitor PCI-32765 blocks B-cell activation and is efficacious in models of autoimmune disease and B-cell malignancy

554 views | Jul 16 2019

Honigberg LA et al. support Btk inhibition as a therapeutic approach for the treatment of human diseases associated with activation of the BCR pathway. [Read the Full Post]

A novel antiandrogen, Compound 30, suppresses castration-resistant and MDV3100-resistant prostate cancer growth in vitro and in vivo

420 views | Jul 15 2019

Kuruma H et al. provided a preclinical proof-of-principle that Compound 30 could be a promising next generation anti-AR agent, especially in the context of antiandrogen-resistant tumors. [Read the Full Post]

Identification of a novel senolytic agent, navitoclax, targeting the Bcl-2 family of anti-apoptotic factors

384 views | Jul 15 2019

Zhu Y et al. showed the hypothesis-driven, bioinformatics-based approach we used to discover that dasatinib (D) and quercetin (Q) are senolytic can be extended to increase the repertoire of senolytic drugs, including additional cell type-specific senolytic agents. [Read the Full Post]

The PARP inhibitor AZD2281 (Olaparib) induces autophagy/mitophagy in BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutant breast cancer cells

508 views | Jul 14 2019

Arun B et al. indicated that the patients with BRCA1 allelic loss may also benefit from PARP inhibitor therapy if BRCA is further inhibited. [Read the Full Post]

BRCA1, PARP1 and γH2AX in acute myeloid leukemia: Role as biomarkers of response to the PARP inhibitor olaparib

1580 views | Jul 14 2019

Faraoni I et al. showed the high sensitivity of AML blasts and the identification of biomarkers potentially able to predict response and/or resistance may foster further investigation of olaparib monotherapy for AML patients unfit to conventional chemotherapy. [Read the Full Post]

Signaling pathways and inhibitors of cells from patients with kaposiform lymphangiomatosis

417 views | Jul 13 2019

Boscolo E et al. demonstrated that cells from KLA patient lesions are highly proliferative and the PI3K-AKT-mTOR and MAPK pathways are promising therapeutic targets. [Read the Full Post]

Antiproliferative and Antimigratory Effects of a Novel YAP-TEAD Interaction Inhibitor Identified Using in Silico Molecular Docking

513 views | Jul 13 2019

Smith SA et al. reported the identification of a novel compound (CPD3.1) with the ability to disrupt YAP-TEAD protein-protein interaction and inhibit TEAD activity, cell proliferation, and cell migration. The YAP-TEAD complex is a viable drug target, and CPD3.1 is a lead compound for the development of more potent TEAD inhibitors for treating cancer and other hyperproliferative pathologies. [Read the Full Post]