Tivozanib (AV-951) Chemical Structure
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| Information | AV-951 (Tivozanib, KRN-951) is a potent and selective VEGFR inhibitor to all three VEGF receptors, VEGFR-1, -2 and -3 with IC50 of 0.21 nM, 0.16 nM and 0.24 nM, respectively. | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Targets | VEGFR-1 | VEGFR-2 | VEGFR-3 | |||
| IC50 | 0.21 nM [1] | 0.16 nM [1] | 0.24 nM [1] | |||
| In vitro | AV-951 is a novel quinoline-urea derivative. AV-951 inhibits phosphorylation of PDGFRß and c-Kit with IC50 of 1.72 and 1.63 nM, respectively. AV-951 blocks VEGF-dependent activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases and proliferation of endothelial cells. [1] | |||||
| In vivo | In vivo studies show that AV-951 also decreases the micro vessel density and suppresses VEGFR-2 phosphorylation levels in tumor xenografts, especially at a concentration of 1mg/kg (p.o. administration). AV-951 shows almost complete inhibition of tumor xenografts growth (TGI>85%) in athymic rats. [1] Another study in rat peritoneal disseminated tumor model shows that AV-951 could prolong the survival of the tumor-bearing rats with the MST of 53.5 days. AV-951 displays antitumor activity against many human tumor xenografts including lung, breast, colon, ovarian, pancreas and prostate cancer. [2] | |||||
| Clinical Trials | AV-951 is currently in Phase II clinical trial in treatment of gastrointestinal cancer. | |||||
| Features | ||||||
| Kinase Assays | Cell-free kinase assays are done in quadruplicate with 1 μM ATP to determine the IC50 values of AV-951 against a variety of recombinant receptor and nonreceptor tyrosine kinases including VEGFR-1, VEGFR-2, VEGFR-3, c-Kit, PDGFR-β, Flt 3 and FGFR1. |
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| Cell lines: | Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) and normal human dermal fibroblasts |
|---|---|
| Concentrations: | 1 μM |
| Incubation Time: | 15 minutes |
| Method: | Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) and normal human dermal fibroblasts-based assays are done to determine the ability of AV-951 to inhibit ligand-dependent phosphorylation of tyrosine kinase receptors. The cells are starved overnight in appropriate basic medium containing 0.5% fetal bovine serum (FBS). The cells are incubated for 1 hour following the addition of AV-951 or 0.1% DMSO, and then stimulated with the cognate ligand at 37 ℃. Receptor phosphorylation was induced for 5 minutes except for VEGFR-3 (10 minutes), c-Met (10 minutes), and c-Kit (15 minutes). All the ligands used in the assays are human recombinant proteins, except for VEGF-C, a rat recombinant protein. Following cell lysis, receptors are immunoprecipitated with appropriate antibodies and subjected to immunoblotting with phosphotyrosine. Quantification of the blots and calculation of IC50 values are carried out. |
| Animal Models: | A549 xenografts in Athymic rats (RH-rnu/rnu) |
|---|---|
| Formulation: | 0.5% methylcellulose in distilled water |
| Dosages: | 1 mg/kg |
| Administration: | Oral administration |
| Molecular Weight (WM): | 454.86 |
|---|---|
| Formula: | C22H19ClN4O5 |
| CAS No.: | 475108-18-0 |
| Synonyms: |
N/A
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| Dissolve in (25°C): | DMSO ≥39mg/mL |
| Water <1mg/mL | |
| Ethanol <1mg/mL | |
| Storage: | 2 years-20°CPowder |
| 1 week-4°Cin DMSO | |
| 1 month-80°in DMSO |
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