Mitophagy Inhibitors

Cat.No.	Product Name	Information	Product Use Citations
S5312	Urolithin A	Urolithin A (3,8-Dihydroxy Urolithin, 2',7-Dihydroxy-3,4-benzocoumarin), a metabolite of ellagitannin, is a first-in-class natural compound that induces mitophagy both in vitro and in vivo following oral consumption.	Int J Mol Sci, 2024, 25(15)8246 Cell Commun Signal, 2023, 21(1):357 Biomedicines, 2023, 11(4), 1125
S0881	Mitochonic acid 5 (MA-5)	Mitochonic acid 5 (MA-5) reduces mitochondrial apoptosis via upregulation of mitophagy, regulates mitophagy via Bnip3 through the MAPK-ERK-Yap signaling pathway, and modulates mitochondrial ATP synthesis.	Front Cell Dev Biol, 2025, 13:1583951 Animals (Basel), 2024, 14(3):368. Animals (Basel), 2024, 14(3)368
E2988	Sulfosuccinimidyl Oleate Sodium (SSO)	Sulfosuccinimidyl oleate sodium (Sulfo-N-succinimidyl oleate sodium) is a long chain fatty acid that inhibits fatty acid transport into cells. Sulfosuccinimidyl oleate sodium is a potent and irreversible inhibitor of mitochondrial respiratory chain with IC50 of 4 μM. It inhibits CD36 mediated LCFA transport. It exhibits anti-inflammatory effect.	Int J Biol Sci, 2025, 21(5):2118-2134 Sci Rep, 2025, 15(1):30552 Front Cell Dev Biol, 2021, 9:687169
E1462	P62-mediated mitophagy inducer	P62-mediated mitophagy inducer (PMI) is a P62-mediated activator of mitophagy that functions independently of parkin recruitment or mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) collapse. It remains effective even in cells lacking a fully functional PINK1/Parkin pathway. PMI stabilizes Nrf2 and enhances p62 expression, thereby activating mitophagy.
S1076	SB203580 (Adezmapimod)	Adezmapimod (SB203580, RWJ 64809, PB 203580) is a p38 MAPK inhibitor with IC50 of 0.3-0.5 μM in THP-1 cells, 10-fold less sensitive to SAPK3(106T) and SAPK4(106T) and blocks PKB phosphorylation with IC50 of 3-5 μM. SB203580 induces mitophagy and autophagy.	Cell Res, 2025, 10.1038/s41422-025-01085-9 Cell Mol Immunol, 2025, 22(5):541-556 Nat Cancer, 2025, 6(2):259-277
S1102	U0126-EtOH	U0126-EtOH is a highly selective inhibitor of MEK1/2 with IC50 of 0.07 μM/0.06 μM in cell-free assays, 100-fold higher affinity for ΔN3-S218E/S222D MEK than PD98059. U0126 inhibits autophagy and mitophagy with antiviral activity.	Nat Commun, 2025, 16(1):2192 Nat Commun, 2025, 16(1):7156 Adv Sci (Weinh), 2025, 12(44):e11726
S1002	ABT-737	ABT-737 is a BH3 mimetic inhibitor of Bcl-xL, Bcl-2 and Bcl-w with EC50 of 78.7 nM, 30.3 nM and 197.8 nM in cell-free assays, respectively; no inhibition observed against Mcl-1, Bcl-B or Bfl-1. ABT-737 induces mitochondrial pathway apoptosis and mitophagy. Phase 2.	Signal Transduct Target Ther, 2025, 10(1):161 J Hepatol, 2025, S0168-8278(24)02830-7 Cell Rep Med, 2025, S2666-3791(25)00057-6
S1042	Sunitinib (SU11248) Malate	Sunitinib malate is a multi-targeted RTK inhibitor targeting VEGFR2 (Flk-1) and PDGFRβ with IC50 of 80 nM and 2 nM in cell-free assays, and also inhibits c-Kit. Sunitinib Malate effectively inhibits autophosphorylation of Ire1α. Sunitinib Malate increases both death receptor and mitochondrial-dependent apoptosis.	Nat Commun, 2025, 16(1):7853 CNS Neurosci Ther, 2025, 31(12):e70696 Sci Rep, 2025, 15(1):35889
S1802	AICAR (Acadesine)	AICAR (Acadesine, NSC105823, AICA Riboside), an AMPK activator, results in accumulation of ZMP, which mimics the stimulating effect of AMP on AMPK and AMPK kinase. This compound induces mitophagy. Phase 3.	Nat Commun, 2025, 16(1):8478 Theranostics, 2025, 15(15):7567-7583 Glia, 2025, 73(11):2253-2272
S1141	Tanespimycin (17-AAG)	Tanespimycin (17-AAG, CP127374, NSC-330507, KOS 953) is a potent HSP90 inhibitor with IC50 of 5 nM in a cell-free assay, having a 100-fold higher binding affinity for HSP90 derived from tumour cells than HSP90 from normal cells. Tanespimycin (17-AAG) induces apoptosis, necrosis, autophagy and mitophagy. Phase 3.	Cell Rep Med, 2025, S2666-3791(25)00102-8 Autophagy, 2025, 1-23. Cell Commun Signal, 2025, 23(1):331
S2218	Torkinib (PP242)	Torkinib (PP242) is a selective mTOR inhibitor with IC50 of 8 nM in cell-free assays; this compound targets both mTOR complexes with >10- and 100-fold selectivity for mTOR than PI3Kδ or PI3Kα/β/γ, respectively. It induces mitophagy and apoptosis.	J Immunother Cancer, 2025, 13(3)e010753 Cell Rep, 2025, 44(4):115452 Int J Mol Sci, 2025, 26(16)7770
S7162	Mdivi-1	Mdivi-1 (Mitochondrial division inhibitor 1) is a selective cell-permeable inhibitor of mitochondrial division DRP1 (dynamin-related GTPase) and mitochondrial division Dynamin I (Dnm1) with IC50 of 1-10 μM. Mdivi-1 attenuates mitophagy and enhances apoptosis.	J Hazard Mater, 2025, 495:138854 Redox Biol, 2025, 86:103818 J Nanobiotechnology, 2025, 23(1):437
S2730	Crenolanib (CP-868596)	Crenolanib is a potent and selective inhibitor of PDGFRα/β with K_d of 2.1 nM/3.2 nM in CHO cells, also potently inhibits FLT3, sensitive to D842V mutation not V561D mutation, >100-fold more selective for PDGFR than c-Kit, VEGFR-2, TIE-2, FGFR-2, EGFR, erbB2, and Src. Crenolanib helps to induce mitophagy.	Cancer Cell, 2025, S1535-6108(25)00070-4 Nat Commun, 2025, 16(1):1358 J Extracell Vesicles, 2025, 14(9):e70163
S7046	Brefeldin A (BFA chemical)	Brefeldin A (BFA) is a lactone antibiotic and ATPase inhibitor for protein transport with IC50 of 0.2 μM in HCT 116 cells, induces cancer cell differentiation and apoptosis. It could also improve the HDR(homology-directed repair) efficiency and be an enhancer of CRISPR-mediated HDR. Brefeldin A is also an inhibitor of autophagy and mitophagy.	Protein Cell, 2025, pwaf020 Cancer Commun (Lond), 2025, 10.1002/cac2.70036 J Integr Plant Biol, 2025, 67(8):2229-2244
S1396	Resveratrol (trans-Resveratrol)	Resveratrol has a wide spectrum of targets including cyclooxygenases(i.e. COX, IC50=1.1 μM), lipooxygenases（LOX, IC50=2.7 μM）, kinases, sirtuins and other proteins. It has anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, blood-sugar-lowering and other beneficial cardiovascular effects. Resveratrol induces mitophagy/autophagy and autophagy-dependent apoptosis.	Aging Cell, 2025, e70075 Biomed Pharmacother, 2025, 190:118393 Breast Cancer Res, 2025, 27(1):186
S5958	Metformin (1,1-Dimethylbiguanide)	Metformin (1,1-Dimethylbiguanide), a widely used drug for treatment of type 2 diabetes, activates AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in hepatocytes. Metformin promotes mitophagy in mononuclear cells. Metformin induces apoptosis of lung cancer cells through activating JNK/p38 MAPK pathway and GADD153.	Signal Transduct Target Ther, 2025, 10(1):271 Theranostics, 2025, 15(17):9029-9046 Int J Biol Sci, 2025, 21(9):4231-4251
S3944	VPA (Valproic acid)	Valproic acid (VPA) is a fatty acid with anticonvulsant properties used in the treatment of epilepsy. It is also a histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor and is under investigation for treatment of HIV and various cancers. This compound induces autophagy and mitophagy by upregulation of BNIP3 and mitochondrial biogenesis by upregulating PGC-1α. Additionally, it activates Notch-1 signaling.	Cell, 2025, S0092-8674(25)00406-4 Nat Commun, 2025, 16(1):8267 Stem Cell Res Ther, 2025, 16(1):426
S1168	Valproic Acid sodium	Valproic Acid sodium is a HDAC inhibitor by selectively inducing proteasomal degradation of HDAC2, used in the treatment of epilepsy, bipolar disorder and prevention of migraine headaches. Valproic acid induces Notch1 signaling in small cell lung cancer (SCLC) cells. Valproic acid is under investigation for treatment of HIV and various cancers. Valproic acid (VPA) induces autophagy and mitophagy by upregulation of BNIP3 and mitochondrial biogenesis by upregulating PGC-1α.	J Exp Clin Cancer Res, 2024, 43(1):152 J Immunother Cancer, 2024, 12(11)e009805 Front Pharmacol, 2024, 15:1534772
S1204	Melatonin	Melatonin is a MT receptor agonist, used as a dietary supplement. This compound is a selective ATF-6 inhibitor and downregulates COX-2. It enhances mitophagy and regulates the homeostasis of apoptosis and autophagy.	Antioxidants (Basel), 2025, 14(5)528 Sci Rep, 2025, 15(1):8451 Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 2025, 760:151706
S1290	Celastrol	Celastrol is a potent proteasome inhibitor for the chymotrypsin-like activity of a purified 20S proteasome with IC50 of 2.5 μM. This compound induces apoptosis and autophagy via the ROS/JNK signaling pathway. It inhibits dopaminergic neuronal death of Parkinson's disease through activating mitophagy.	World J Gastroenterol, 2025, 31(23):106949 Adipocyte, 2025, 14(1):2548787 MedComm (2020), 2024, 5(12):e70033
S3017	Aspirin	Aspirin is a salicylate, and irreversible COX1 and COX2 inhibitor, used as an analgesic to relieve minor aches and pains, as an antipyretic to reduce fever, and as an anti-inflammatory medication. This compound induces autophagy and stimulates mitophagy.	J Biol Chem, 2025, 301(2):108195 PLoS One, 2025, 20(9):e0332825 iScience, 2024, 27(10):110862
S1351	Ivermectin	Ivermectin is a glutamate-gated chloride channel (GluCls) activator, used as a broad-spectrum antiparasitic drug. This compound is a specific positive allosteric effector of P2X4 and α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs). It is a specific inhibitor of Impα/β1-mediated nuclear import and has potent antiviral activity towards both HIV-1 and dengue virus. This chemical induces autophagy through the AKT/mTOR signaling pathway and mitophagy.	Nat Commun, 2025, 16(1):7156 J Adv Res, 2025, S2090-1232(25)00874-4 Biomed Pharmacother, 2025, 189:118248
S2396	Salidroside	Salidroside (Rhodioloside), a phenylpropanoid glycoside isolated from Rhodiola rosea, has been reported to have a broad spectrum of pharmacological properties. This compound is a prolyl endopeptidase inhibitor. It alleviates cachexia symptoms in mouse models of cancer cachexia via activating mTOR signalling. This chemical protects dopaminergic neurons by enhancing PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy.	PLoS One, 2024, 19(7):e0306926 Mol Med Rep, 2023, 27(2)37 Research Square, 2023, 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3696850/v1
S9424	Liensinine diperchlorate	Liensinine, a major isoquinoline alkaloid, inhibits late-stage autophagy/mitophagy through blocking autophagosome-lysosome fusion. It is a novel autophagy/mitophagy inhibitor.