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Quality Control

Batch: Purity: 99.93%

99.93

Related Targets	HSP Transferase P450 (e.g. CYP17) PDE phosphatase PPAR Vitamin Carbohydrate Metabolism Mitochondrial Metabolism Casein Kinase
Other Dehydrogenase Inhibitors	Vorasidenib (AG-881) (R)-GNE-140 CPI-613 (Devimistat) Glycyrrhizin (Glycyrrhizic Acid, NSC 167409) Sodium Dichloroacetate (DCA) AGI-6780 Emodin Gossypol Acetate AGI-5198 Brequinar (DUP785)

Cell Culture, Treatment & Working Concentration

Cell Lines	Assay Type	Activity Description	PMID
B-cells	Function assay	In vitro inhibition of Ab formation from trinitrophenyl-lipopolysaccharide (TNP-LPS) B-cells, IC50=5.1μM	11384243
A673	qHTS assay	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for A673 cells	29435139
SK-N-MC	qHTS assay	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for SK-N-MC cells	29435139
SK-N-MC	qHTS assay	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Confirmatory screen for SK-N-MC cells	29435139
Click to View More Cell Line Experimental Data

Solubility

In vitro
Batch:

DMSO : 54 mg/mL (199.84 mM)
(Moisture-contaminated DMSO may reduce solubility. Use fresh, anhydrous DMSO.)

Ethanol : 54 mg/mL

Water : Insoluble

Molarity Calculator

Mass	Concentration	Volume	Molecular Weight
Mass value Mass unit	Concentration value Concentration unit	Volume value Volume unit	Molecular weight (g/mol)

Dilution Calculator Molecular Weight Calculator

In vivo batch selection In vivo Batch:
Homogeneous suspension	CMC-NA	≥5mg/ml	Taking the 1 mL working solution as an example, add 5 mg of this product to 1 ml of CMC-Na solution, mix evenly to obtain a homogeneous suspension with a final concentration of 5 mg/ml.
Homogeneous suspension	CMC-NA	≥5mg/ml	Taking the 1 mL working solution as an example, add 5 mg of this product to 1 ml of CMC-Na solution, mix evenly to obtain a homogeneous suspension with a final concentration of 5 mg/ml.
Homogeneous suspension	CMC-NA	≥5mg/ml	Taking the 1 mL working solution as an example, add 5 mg of this product to 1 ml of CMC-Na solution, mix evenly to obtain a homogeneous suspension with a final concentration of 5 mg/ml.
Homogeneous suspension	CMC-NA	≥5mg/ml	Taking the 1 mL working solution as an example, add 5 mg of this product to 1 ml of CMC-Na solution, mix evenly to obtain a homogeneous suspension with a final concentration of 5 mg/ml.
Homogeneous suspension	CMC-NA	≥5mg/ml	Taking the 1 mL working solution as an example, add 5 mg of this product to 1 ml of CMC-Na solution, mix evenly to obtain a homogeneous suspension with a final concentration of 5 mg/ml.
Clear solution	5%DMSO 1 40%PEG300 2 5%Tween80 3 50%ddH2O Validated by Selleck labs. Should you need adjustments to this formulation, contact our sales team for custom testing.	5.000mg/ml (18.50mM)	Taking the 1 mL working solution as an example, add 50 μL of 100 mg/ml clarified DMSO stock solution to 400 μL of PEG300, mix evenly to clarify it; add 50 μL of Tween80 to the above system, mix evenly to clarify; then continue to add 500 μL of ddH2O to adjust the volume to 1 mL. The mixed solution should be used immediately for optimal results.
Clear solution	5% DMSO 1 95% Corn oil Validated by Selleck labs. Should you need adjustments to this formulation, contact our sales team for custom testing.	5.000mg/ml (18.50mM)	Taking the 1 mL working solution as an example, add 50 μL of 100 mg/ml clear DMSO stock solution to 950 μL of corn oil and mix evenly. The mixed solution should be used immediately for optimal results.

In vivo Formulation Calculator (Clear solution)

Step 1: Enter information below (Recommended: An additional animal making an allowance for loss during the experiment)

Dosage: mg/kg

Average weight of animals: g

Dosing volume per animal: μL

Number of animals:

Step 2: Enter the in vivo formulation (This is only the calculator, not formulation. Please contact us first if there is no in vivo formulation at the solubility Section.)

% DMSO

%

% Tween 80

% ddH₂O

% DMSO

+

%

Calculation results:

Working concentration: mg/ml;

Method for preparing DMSO master liquid: mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO ( Master liquid concentration mg/mL, Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug. )

Method for preparing in vivo formulation: Take μL DMSO master liquid, next addμL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH₂O, mix and clarify.

Method for preparing in vivo formulation: Take μL DMSO master liquid, next add μL Corn oil, mix and clarify.

Note: 1. Please make sure the liquid is clear before adding the next solvent.
2. Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order. You must ensure that the solution obtained, in the previous addition, is a clear solution before proceeding to add the next solvent. Physical methods such
as vortex, ultrasound or hot water bath can be used to aid dissolving.

Chemical Information, Storage & Stability

Molecular Weight	270.21	Formula	C₁₂H₉F₃N₂O₂	Storage (From the date of receipt)	3 years-20°Cpowder
CAS No.	75706-12-6	Download SDF		Storage of Stock Solutions	1 year-80°Cin solvent 1 month-20°Cin solvent
Synonyms	HWA486, RS-34821, SU101			SMILES	CC1=C(C=NO1)C(=O)NC2=CC=C(C=C2)C(F)(F)F

Read more about storage stability stock solution CAS number SMILES

Mechanism of Action

Targets/IC₅₀/Ki	Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase
In vitro	Leflunomide is actually a prodrug that is processed in vivo to the active metabolite A771726，which has been shown to inhibit proliferation of mononuclear and T-cells. This compound is an inhibitor of several protein tyrosine kinases, with IC50 values between 30 mM and 100 mM in vitro cellular and enzymatic assays. It is capable of inhibiting anti-CD3- and interleukin-2 (IL-2)-stimulated T cell proliferation. This drug is able to inhibit p59fyn and p56lck activity in in vitro tyrosine kinase assays. It also inhibits Ca2+ mobilization in Jurkat cells stimulated by anti-CD3 antibody but not in those stimulated by ionomycin. This compound also inhibits distal events of anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody stimulation, namely, IL-2 production and IL-2 receptor expression on human T lymphocytes. It also inhibits tyrosine phosphorylation in CTLL-4 cells stimulated by IL-2. This immunomodulatory drug may exert its effects by inhibiting the mitochondrial enzyme dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH), which plays a key role in the de novo synthesis of the pyrimidine ribonucleotide uridine monophosphate (rUMP). It prevents the expansion of activated and autoimmune lymphocytes by interfering with the cell cycle progression due to inadequate production of rUMP and utilizing mechanisms involving p53.
In vivo	Leflunomide is able to prevent and reverse allograft and xenograft rejection in rodents, dogs, and monkeys.
References	[1] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8573583/ [2] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7759480/ [3] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10600330/ [4] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16904479/

Applications

Methods	Biomarkers	Images	PMID
Growth inhibition assay	Cell viability		29423085
Western blot	DH0DH ATF4 / CHOP CDK2 / Cyclin A2		23977077

Clinical Trial Information

(data from https://clinicaltrials.gov, updated on 2026-07-16)

NCT Number	Recruitment	Conditions	Sponsor/Collaborators	Start Date	Phases
NCT07709013	RECRUITING	Hematologic Malignancies	Tata Memorial Centre	2024-10-18	PHASE2
NCT02714634	RECRUITING	Rheumatoid Arthritis; Insufficient Response to Methotrexate or Leflunomide	University Hospital, Strasbourg, France	2016-03-30	PHASE4
NCT03414502	RECRUITING	Rheumatoid Arthritis	University of Nebraska	2007-12-10	PHASE3
NCT07138898	RECRUITING	Rheumatic Disease	NYU Langone Health	2025-12-12	PHASE2
NCT04542733	ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING	Kidney Transplant Infection; BK Virus Infection	King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital	2023-06-15
NCT06923488	RECRUITING	Myelodysplastic Syndromes	West Virginia University	2025-07-15	PHASE1; PHASE2

Tech Support

Handling Instructions

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Leflunomide Dehydrogenase inhibitor

Chemical Structure

Molecular Weight: 270.21