research use only

Astaxanthin PPAR modulator

Name: Astaxanthin
Brand: Selleck Chemicals
SKU: S3834
Availability: InStock
Rating: 5 (4 reviews)

Cat.No.S3834

Astaxaxanthin (β-Carotene-4,4'-dione, Trans-Astaxanthin), a xanthophyll carotenoid, is a nutrient with unique cell membrane actions and diverse clinical benefits with excellent safety and tolerability. This compound, a red dietary carotenoid isolated from Haematococcus pluvialis, is a modulator of PPARγ and a potent antioxidant with antiproliferative, neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory activity.

Chemical Structure

Molecular Weight: 596.84

Jump to

Quality Control

Batch: Purity: 99.89%

99.89

Related Targets	Dehydrogenase HSP Transferase P450 (e.g. CYP17) PDE phosphatase Vitamin Carbohydrate Metabolism Mitochondrial Metabolism Drug Metabolite
Other PPAR Inhibitors	T0070907 GW9662 GW6471 WY-14643 (Pirinixic Acid) GSK3787 GW0742 AZ6102 Harmine Eupatilin GSK0660

Solubility

In vitro
Batch:

DMSO : 6 mg/mL (10.05 mM) Warmed with 50°C water bath; Ultrasonicated;
(Moisture-contaminated DMSO may reduce solubility. Use fresh, anhydrous DMSO.)

Water : Insoluble

Ethanol : Insoluble

Molarity Calculator

Mass	Concentration	Volume	Molecular Weight
Mass value Mass unit	Concentration value Concentration unit	Volume value Volume unit	Molecular weight (g/mol)

Dilution Calculator Molecular Weight Calculator

In vivo batch selection In vivo Batch:
Homogeneous suspension	CMC-NA	≥5mg/ml	Taking the 1 mL working solution as an example, add 5 mg of this product to 1 ml of CMC-Na solution, mix evenly to obtain a homogeneous suspension with a final concentration of 5 mg/ml.
Clear solution	5%DMSO 1 40%PEG300 2 5%Tween80 3 50%ddH2O Validated by Selleck labs. Should you need adjustments to this formulation, contact our sales team for custom testing.	0.150mg/ml (0.25mM)	Taking the 1 mL working solution as an example, add 50 μL of 3 mg/ml clarified DMSO stock solution to 400 μL of PEG300, mix evenly to clarify it; add 50 μL of Tween80 to the above system, mix evenly to clarify; then continue to add 500 μL of ddH2O to adjust the volume to 1 mL. The mixed solution should be used immediately for optimal results.
Clear solution	5% DMSO 1 95% Corn oil Validated by Selleck labs. Should you need adjustments to this formulation, contact our sales team for custom testing.	0.100mg/ml (0.17mM)	Taking the 1 mL working solution as an example, add 50 μL of 2 mg/ml clear DMSO stock solution to 950 μL of corn oil and mix evenly. The mixed solution should be used immediately for optimal results.
Homogeneous suspension	CMC-NA	≥5mg/ml	Taking the 1 mL working solution as an example, add 5 mg of this product to 1 ml of CMC-Na solution, mix evenly to obtain a homogeneous suspension with a final concentration of 5 mg/ml.
Homogeneous suspension	CMC-NA	≥5mg/ml	Taking the 1 mL working solution as an example, add 5 mg of this product to 1 ml of CMC-Na solution, mix evenly to obtain a homogeneous suspension with a final concentration of 5 mg/ml.

In vivo Formulation Calculator (Clear solution)

Step 1: Enter information below (Recommended: An additional animal making an allowance for loss during the experiment)

Dosage: mg/kg

Average weight of animals: g

Dosing volume per animal: μL

Number of animals:

Step 2: Enter the in vivo formulation (This is only the calculator, not formulation. Please contact us first if there is no in vivo formulation at the solubility Section.)

% DMSO

% Tween 80

% ddH₂O

% DMSO

Calculation results:

Working concentration: mg/ml;

Method for preparing DMSO master liquid: mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO ( Master liquid concentration mg/mL, Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug. )

Method for preparing in vivo formulation: Take μL DMSO master liquid, next addμL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH₂O, mix and clarify.

Method for preparing in vivo formulation: Take μL DMSO master liquid, next add μL Corn oil, mix and clarify.

Note: 1. Please make sure the liquid is clear before adding the next solvent.
2. Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order. You must ensure that the solution obtained, in the previous addition, is a clear solution before proceeding to add the next solvent. Physical methods such
as vortex, ultrasound or hot water bath can be used to aid dissolving.

Chemical Information, Storage & Stability

Molecular Weight	596.84	Formula	C₄₀H₅₂O₄	Storage (From the date of receipt)	3 years-20°Cpowder
CAS No.	472-61-7	Download SDF		Storage of Stock Solutions	1 year-80°Cin solvent 1 month-20°Cin solvent
Synonyms	β-Carotene-4,4'-dione, Trans-Astaxanthin			Smiles	CC1=C(C(CC(C1=O)O)(C)C)C=CC(=CC=CC(=CC=CC=C(C)C=CC=C(C)C=CC2=C(C(=O)C(CC2(C)C)O)C)C)C

Mechanism of Action

In vitro	Astaxaxanthin is a carotenoid nutrient with molecular properties that precisely position it within cell membranes and circulating lipoproteins, thereby imbuing them with potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory actions. This compound also effectively protects the double membrane system of mitochondria, to the point of boosting their energy production efficiency. In cultured cells, it protects the mitochondria against endogenous oxygen radicals, conserves their redox (antioxidant) capacity, and enhances their energy production efficiency. It has also protected human LDL against oxidative attack. This chemical specifically protects the mitochondria of cultured nerve cells against toxic attack and stimulates the proliferation of cultured nerve stem cells. It effectively protects cultured nerve cells against hydrogen peroxide toxicity, and down-regulates genes linked to cell death and up-regulates genes linked to cell survival.
In vivo	In pharmacokinetic studies, after ingestion of esterified natural astaxanthin, only unesterified astaxanthin appears in the blood. This compound's bioavailability is substantially affected by meal timing and by smoking. Supplementation with this chemical may lower lipid peroxidation in vivo. It significantly improves the memory performance of mice in the Morris water maze. It has demonstrated safety in numerous human clinical trials. The doses of this compound used in clinical trials have ranged from 1 mg/day to 40 mg/day (with the majority in the 6-12 mg range); single-dose pharmacokinetic studies use up to 100 mg per dose.
References	[1] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22214255/ [2] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28560955/

Clinical Trial Information

(data from https://clinicaltrials.gov, updated on 2024-05-22)

NCT Number	Recruitment	Conditions	Sponsor/Collaborators	Start Date	Phases
NCT05138549	Terminated	Osteoarthritis Knee\|Osteoarthritis Knees Both\|Joint Inflammation	Prisma Health-Midlands	September 2 2022	Phase 2\|Phase 3
NCT05437601	Completed	Osteoarthritis Knee	Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University Dhaka Bangladesh	July 31 2022	Phase 2
NCT05376501	Completed	Healthy	LycoRed Ltd.\|Nutrasource Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Services Inc.	June 8 2022	Not Applicable
NCT02343497	Completed	Dyslipidemias	Ajinomoto Foods Europe SAS\|Institut Polytechnique LaSalle Beauvais\|Naturalpha	August 2014	Not Applicable
NCT03945526	Completed	Cerebral Stroke\|Malondialdehyde\|Oxidative Stress	Indonesia University	March 23 2010	Phase 1

Tech Support

Handling Instructions

Tel: +1-832-582-8158 Ext:3

If you have any other enquiries, please leave a message.

C1=C0/X	C1:	LOG(C1):
C2=C1/X	C2:	LOG(C2):
C3=C2/X	C3:	LOG(C3):
C4=C3/X	C4:	LOG(C4):
C5=C4/X	C5:	LOG(C5):
C6=C5/X	C6:	LOG(C6):
C7=C6/X	C7:	LOG(C7):
C8=C7/X	C8:	LOG(C8):