PD173074 Mechanism
FGFR1 consists of three extracellular immunoglobulin-like domains and an intracellular tyrosine kinase domain linked by a single hydrophobic membrane-spanning segment. The extracellular part is involved in the interaction with FGF. [1] The tyrosine kinase domain consists of an N-terminal lobe and a C-terminal lobe. The ATP binding site involves the residues in both N- and C-terminal lobe, while substrate peptide binding and catalysis are performed by residues in the C-terminal lobe. FGFR1 contains tyrosine autophosphorylation sites, including Tyr-463(juxtamembrane region), Tyr-583 and Tyr-585(kinase insert), Tyr-730 (core of the C-terminal lobe ), Tyr-653 and Tyr-654(activation loop). [2]
The crystal structure indicates that PD173074 binds in the ATP-binding pocket of FGFR1 kinase domain. Specifically, as the ATP adenine, the pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine ring system of PD173074 occupies the same pocket created by hydrophobic residues Leu484, Ala512, Tyr563, Ala564 and Leu630. PD 173074 makes two hydrogen bonds with main-chain atoms of hinge region, one from N-3 of the pyrimidine ring to the amide nitrogen of Ala564, and the other from the nitrogen of the butylamino group to the carbonyl oxygen of Ala564. In addition, a third hydrogen bond is made from one of the dimethoxy groups of PD173074 to the amide nitrogen of Asp641 in the activation. The urea group at the 7-position makes an internal hydrogen bond to N-8 of the pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine and is also hydrogen-bonded to a water molecule, which is in turn hydrogen-bonded to the side chains of Lys514 and Asp641. Besides, the dimethoxy phenyl group also makes van de Waals interactions with the side chains of Lys514, Glu531, Met535, Ile545, Val559, Val561, Ala640 and Phe642. The binding mode contributes to the potency and selectivity of PD173074. [3]
References
[1] Itoh N, et al. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1990, 169(2), 680-685.
[2] Mohammadi M, et al. Cell. 1996, 86(4), 577-587.
[3] Mohammadi M, et al. EMBO J. 1998, 17(20), 5896-5904.