Home Immunology & Inflammation Immunology & Inflammation related activator - Caspase activator Phytohemagglutinin (PHA)

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Phytohemagglutinin (PHA) Immunology & Inflammation related activator

A glycoprotein from red kidney beans (Phaseolus vulgaris), Phytohemagglutinin (PHA) acts as a potent mitogen, stimulating lymphocyte proliferation and transforming them into large blast cells. It can suppress humoral antibody responses and enhance the survival of homografts by inhibiting immune rejection. This compound also triggers T-cell activation and apoptosis by upregulating pro-apoptotic proteins like Bax, leading to the activation of caspase-3.

Phytohemagglutinin (PHA) Immunology & Inflammation related activator Chemical Structure

Chemical Structure

Molecular Weight: N/A

Purity & Quality Control

Batch: S699001 Water]100 mg/mL]false]DMSO]Insoluble]false]Ethanol]Insoluble]false Purity: 99%
99

Related Products

Mechanism of Action

Targets
Bax [2] caspases-3 [2]

In vitro
In vitro

Phytohemagglutinin (PHA) binds to the membranes of T-cells, stimulates metabolic activity, cell division, and involves inflammatory pathways. Stimulation of human mononuclear leukocytes (MNL) by this compound induces the expression of ChAT mRNA, and potentiated ACh synthesis. [3]
Cell Research Cell lines Human mononuclear leukocytes
Concentrations 5 μg/ml
Incubation Time 0-72 h
Method

MNL cells are cultured for 0-72 h in a culture dish with RPMI 1640 medium containing 10% FCS in the presence or absence of phytohemagglutinin (PHA). For the studies on ACh content and release of ACh into the culture medium, it is used to culture MNL cells for a further 24 h in RPMI 1640 medium containing 1 mM DFP (a ChE inhibitor). The content of ACh and its release into the culture medium are determined using a specific, sensitive RIA.

In Vivo
In vivo

Phytohemagglutinin (PHA), a standard T cell mitogen, can inhibit both T- and B-cell tumors. This compound (100 μg; i.p.; daily for 2 days) inhibits A20 tumor growth in CB17-SCID mice.[4]
NCT Number Recruitment Conditions Sponsor/Collaborators Start Date Phases
NCT05968170 Not yet recruiting
Graft Vs Host Disease|Graft-versus-host-disease|Acute Myeloid Leukemia|Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia|Non-hematologic Malignancy|Hematologic Malignancy
Neena Kapoor M.D.|Children''s Hospital Los Angeles
 December 1 2023 Not Applicable
NCT05636995 Recruiting
Primary Hyperaldosteronism|Hypertensive Disorder of Pregnancy
Université de Sherbrooke|Foundation of the Stars
 January 10 2023 --

References
  • https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9526852/
  • https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/4903932/

Chemical Information

Molecular Weight N/A Formula

N/A
CAS No. 9008-97-3 SDF --
Synonyms PHA-M

Storage and Stability

Storage (From the date of receipt) 3 years -20°C powder

In vitro
Batch:

Water : 100 mg/mL

DMSO : Insoluble ( Moisture-absorbing DMSO reduces solubility. Please use fresh DMSO.)

Ethanol : Insoluble


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In vivo
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Answers to questions you may have can be found in the inhibitor handling instructions. Topics include how to prepare stock solutions, how to store inhibitors, and issues that need special attention for cell-based assays and animal experiments.

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