Home Neuronal Signaling GluR activator Xanthurenic Acid

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Xanthurenic Acid GluR activator

Cat.No.S4774

Xanthurenic acid (xanthurenate, 8-Hydroxykynurenic acid, 4,8-Dihydroxyquinaldic acid), a molecule arising from tryptophan metabolism by transamination of 3-hydroxykynurenine, activates mGlu2/3 Metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGlu2 and mGlu3).
Xanthurenic Acid GluR activator Chemical Structure

Chemical Structure

Molecular Weight: 205.17

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Quality Control

Batch: S477401 DMSO]7 mg/mL]false]]]false]]]false Purity: 99.99%
99.99

Chemical Information, Storage & Stability

Molecular Weight 205.17 Formula

C10H7NO4

 Storage (From the date of receipt)
CAS No. 59-00-7 Download SDF Storage of Stock Solutions

Synonyms xanthurenate, 8-Hydroxykynurenic acid, 4,8-Dihydroxyquinaldic acid Smiles C1=CC2=C(C(=C1)O)NC(=CC2=O)C(=O)O

Solubility

In vitro
Batch:

DMSO : 7 mg/mL (34.11 mM)
(Moisture-contaminated DMSO may reduce solubility. Use fresh, anhydrous DMSO.)

Molarity Calculator

Mass Concentration Volume Molecular Weight

In vivo
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In vivo Formulation Calculator (Clear solution)

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Method for preparing in vivo formulation: Take μL DMSO master liquid, next addμL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O, mix and clarify.

Method for preparing in vivo formulation: Take μL DMSO master liquid, next add μL Corn oil, mix and clarify.

Note: 1. Please make sure the liquid is clear before adding the next solvent.
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Mechanism of Action

Targets/IC50/Ki
mGlu2 [1]
mGlu3 [1]
In vitro
Xanthurenic acid (XA) is considered as a putative neurotransmitter in the CNS, being stored in synaptic vesicles and released by membrane depolarization in a Ca2+-dependent fashion. It is known to inhibit vesicular glutamate transporters (VGLUTs). In heterologous expression systems, Xanthurenic acid could activate both mGlu2 and mGlu3 receptors with high potency, but has no activity on mGlu4 and mGlu7 receptors[1]. Xanthurenic acid induces cell death associated with caspase-3, -8, and -9 activation, nuclear DNA cleavage, and cytochrome C release while not associated with cytoskeleton breakdown -- apoptosis induced by xanthurenic acid does not cause cytoskeleton depolymerization[2].
In vivo
Systemic administration of Xanthurenic acid in mice produces antipsychotic-like effects in the MK-801-induced model of hyperactivity and peripheral xanthurenic acid can cross the blood-brain barrier, influence the activity of brain regions that are involved in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia[1].
References

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