Name: Primaquine Diphosphate
Brand: Selleck Chemicals
SKU: S4237
Availability: InStock
Rating: 5 (4 reviews)

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Quality Control

Batch: Purity: 99.77%

99.77

Related Targets	Integrase Bacterial Antibiotics Fungal Antiviral COVID-19 Parasite Reverse Transcriptase HIV HCV Protease
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Solubility

In vitro
Batch:

DMSO : 91 mg/mL (199.85 mM)
(Moisture-contaminated DMSO may reduce solubility. Use fresh, anhydrous DMSO.)

Water : 91 mg/mL

Ethanol : Insoluble

Molarity Calculator

Mass	Concentration	Volume	Molecular Weight
Mass value Mass unit	Concentration value Concentration unit	Volume value Volume unit	Molecular weight (g/mol)

Dilution Calculator Molecular Weight Calculator

In vivo batch selection In vivo Batch:
Homogeneous suspension	CMC-NA	≥5mg/ml	Taking the 1 mL working solution as an example, add 5 mg of this product to 1 ml of CMC-Na solution, mix evenly to obtain a homogeneous suspension with a final concentration of 5 mg/ml.
Homogeneous suspension	CMC-NA	≥5mg/ml	Taking the 1 mL working solution as an example, add 5 mg of this product to 1 ml of CMC-Na solution, mix evenly to obtain a homogeneous suspension with a final concentration of 5 mg/ml.
Clear solution	5%DMSO 1 40%PEG300 2 5%Tween80 3 50%ddH2O Validated by Selleck labs. Should you need adjustments to this formulation, contact our sales team for custom testing.	4.550mg/ml (9.99mM)	Taking the 1 mL working solution as an example, add 50 μL of 91 mg/ml clarified DMSO stock solution to 400 μL of PEG300, mix evenly to clarify it; add 50 μL of Tween80 to the above system, mix evenly to clarify; then continue to add 500 μL of ddH2O to adjust the volume to 1 mL. The mixed solution should be used immediately for optimal results.
Clear solution	5% DMSO 1 95% Corn oil Validated by Selleck labs. Should you need adjustments to this formulation, contact our sales team for custom testing.	0.750mg/ml (1.65mM)	Taking the 1 mL working solution as an example, add 50 μL of 15 mg/ml clear DMSO stock solution to 950 μL of corn oil and mix evenly. The mixed solution should be used immediately for optimal results.
Homogeneous suspension	CMC-NA	≥5mg/ml	Taking the 1 mL working solution as an example, add 5 mg of this product to 1 ml of CMC-Na solution, mix evenly to obtain a homogeneous suspension with a final concentration of 5 mg/ml.

In vivo Formulation Calculator (Clear solution)

Step 1: Enter information below (Recommended: An additional animal making an allowance for loss during the experiment)

Dosage: mg/kg

Average weight of animals: g

Dosing volume per animal: μL

Number of animals:

Step 2: Enter the in vivo formulation (This is only the calculator, not formulation. Please contact us first if there is no in vivo formulation at the solubility Section.)

% DMSO

%

% Tween 80

% ddH₂O

% DMSO

+

%

Calculation results:

Working concentration: mg/ml;

Method for preparing DMSO master liquid: mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO ( Master liquid concentration mg/mL, Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug. )

Method for preparing in vivo formulation: Take μL DMSO master liquid, next addμL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH₂O, mix and clarify.

Method for preparing in vivo formulation: Take μL DMSO master liquid, next add μL Corn oil, mix and clarify.

Note: 1. Please make sure the liquid is clear before adding the next solvent.
2. Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order. You must ensure that the solution obtained, in the previous addition, is a clear solution before proceeding to add the next solvent. Physical methods such
as vortex, ultrasound or hot water bath can be used to aid dissolving.

Chemical Information, Storage & Stability

Molecular Weight	455.34	Formula	C₁₅H₂₁N₃O.2H₃O₄P	Storage (From the date of receipt)	3 years-20°Cpowder
CAS No.	63-45-6	Download SDF		Storage of Stock Solutions	1 year-80°Cin solvent 1 month-20°Cin solvent
Synonyms	N/A			Smiles	CC(CCCN)NC1=C2C(=CC(=C1)OC)C=CC=N2.OP(=O)(O)O.OP(=O)(O)O

Mechanism of Action

In vitro

Primaquine is still the only transmission-blocking anti-malarial clinically available, displaying a marked activity against gametocytes of all species of human malaria, including multi-resistant Plasmodium falciparum strains. Primaquine is also effective against all exoerythrocytic forms of the parasite and is used in conjunction with other anti-malarials for the treatment of vivax and ovale malaria. The exact mechanism by which Primaquine so effectively eliminates Plasmodium falciparum and gametocytes is still unknown, but it is thought that metabolism at the parasites’ mitochondria is impaired, eventually by interference with the ubiquinone function as an electron carrier in the respiratory chain. Another potential mechanism of anti-malarial action by Primaquine is the production of highly reactive metabolites that generate intracellular oxidative potentials. Primaquine is found to be an inhibitor of vesicular transport and blocks the calcium-release-activated current in rat megakaryocytes. Primaquine also acts on cardiac Na⁺ channels in isolated rat ventricular muscle and myocytes. Primaquine inhibits protein transport with IC50 of 50 μM, and inhibits the budding of vesicles from the donor membranes. PQ has a strong inhibitory effect on the recycling of endocytosed proteins to the plasma membrane. Primaquine is able to inhibit the potassium current by blockade of muscarinic receptors. Primaquine also inhibit human erythrocyte membrane acetylcholinesterase (AChE) with IC33 of 30 μM. Primaquine is a nitrite-reacting mutagen precursor where the secondary amino group plays a key role.

References

[1] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18930565/

Clinical Trial Information

(data from https://clinicaltrials.gov, updated on 2024-05-22)

NCT Number	Recruitment	Conditions	Sponsor/Collaborators	Start Date	Phases
NCT05879224	Recruiting	Vivax Malaria\|G6PD Deficiency	Menzies School of Health Research\|Gadjah Mada University\|Universitas Sumatera Utara\|Indonesia University\|Yayasan Pengembangan Kesehatan dan Masyarakat\|Indonesian National Malaria Control Program Ministry of Health\|National Research and Innovation Agency of Indonesia\|Burnet Institute\|University of Melbourne\|Medicines for Malaria Venture\|PATH\|UNITAID\|Institute of Tropical Medicine Belgium	August 7 2023	Not Applicable
NCT04984759	Withdrawn	Healthy Lactating Women	University of Oxford\|Mahidol Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit	July 1 2023	Phase 4
NCT05874271	Recruiting	Vivax Malaria\|G6PD Deficiency	Macfarlane Burnet Institute for Medical Research and Public Health Ltd\|Papua New Guinea Institute of Medical Research\|Papua New Guinea National Department of Health\|Menzies School of Health Research\|University of Melbourne\|Medicines for Malaria Venture\|PATH\|UNITAID	July 10 2023	Not Applicable
NCT05044637	Recruiting	Malaria Vivax	Fundação de Medicina Tropical Dr. Heitor Vieira Dourado\|Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation\|Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico	August 26 2021	Phase 2
NCT04073953	Unknown status	G6PD Deficiency	University of Mississippi Oxford\|University of Colorado Denver\|Southern Research Institute	September 1 2020	Phase 1

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Primaquine Diphosphate Anti-infection chemical

Chemical Structure

Molecular Weight: 455.34