research use only
Cat.No.S8244
| Related Targets | Dehydrogenase HSP Transferase P450 (e.g. CYP17) PDE phosphatase PPAR Vitamin Carbohydrate Metabolism Mitochondrial Metabolism |
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| Other CPT Inhibitors | Etomoxir Perhexiline maleate |
| Cell Lines | Assay Type | Concentration | Incubation Time | Formulation | Activity Description | PMID |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| KB cells | Cytotoxicity assay | Cytotoxicity in human KB cells, IC50=2.76 μM | 21504156 | |||
| U251 | Growth inhibiton assay | 50 μM | 72-h treatments have slight growth inhibitory effects | 30574020 | ||
| U87 | Growth inhibiton assay | 50 μM | 72-h treatments have slight growth inhibitory effects | 30574020 | ||
| U373-U | Growth inhibiton assay | 50 μM | 72-h treatments have slight growth inhibitory effects | 30574020 | ||
| MCF-7 cells | Function assay | 0–200 μM | 4 h | in db-cAMP-exposed cells ETO caused a metabolic imbalance | 30981740 | |
| HepG2 cells | Function assay | 24 h | Etomoxir significantly inhibits palmitate metabolism with an IC50 in the nanomolar range. | 29740314 | ||
| Click to View More Cell Line Experimental Data | ||||||
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In vitro |
DMSO
: 64 mg/mL
(199.53 mM)
Water : Insoluble Ethanol : Insoluble |
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In vivo |
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| Molecular Weight | 320.74 | Formula | C15H18ClO4.Na |
Storage (From the date of receipt) | |
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| CAS No. | 828934-41-4 | Download SDF | Storage of Stock Solutions |
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| Synonyms | (R)-(+)-Etomoxir sodium salt | Smiles | C1C(O1)(CCCCCCOC2=CC=C(C=C2)Cl)C(=O)[O-].[Na+] | ||
| Targets/IC50/Ki |
CPT-1
PPARα
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| In vitro |
Etomoxir sodium salt has also been identified as a direct agonist of PPARα. This compound binds irreversibly to the catalytic site of CPT-1 inhibiting its activity, but also upregulates fatty acid oxidation enzymes. Transcriptional effects of etomoxir could be due to 1. shift in energy metabolism with increased glucose utilization and 2. PPARalpha activation. It reduces pro-inflammatory cyokine production and increases apoptosis of MOG specific T cells. Etomoxir has been shown to decrease oxygen consumption rates (OCRs) and impair ATP and NADPH production in the pediatric glioblastoma cell line SF188.
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| In vivo |
Etomoxir sodium salt has a protective action on the ischemia/reperfusion injury of the kidney similarly to an established PPARalpha agonist. It has been developed for treating non-insulindependent diabetes mellitus. This compound increases the functional recovery of fatty acid perfused ischemic rat hearts which is unrelated to changes in levels of long-chain acylcarnitines and is attributed to an increased glucose use. A chronic treatment of rats with this chemical increases the SR Ca2+-ATPase activity, the Ca2+ uptake rate, the number of active Ca2+ pumps E~P, the SERCA2 protein and the SERCA2 mRNA abundance of the heart. At a low dosage, it has a selective influence on the rate of contraction and relaxation of overloaded hearts. This compound, in the liver can act as peroxisomal proliferator, increasing DNA synthesis and liver growth. Etomoxir-treated mice displays a reduced immune cell infiltration in the CNS with few macrophages, activated microglia, or T cells present. It reduces inflammation and demyelination in the CNS of treated mice. Inhibition of fatty acid oxidation by this chemical prolongs survival time in a syngeneic mouse model of malignant glioma and slow tumor growth. Emergence and progression of glioma are delayed upon treatment with the investigational drug etomoxir. It has already been tested in phase I/II clinical trials for treating moderate congestive heart failure; this trial is discontinued because 4 patients (of 226 taking the drug) developed unacceptably high liver transaminase levels upon treatment, and the risk of such drastic side effects is deemed sufficient to negate the potential benefit of this drug for these patients.
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References |
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| Methods | Biomarkers | Images | PMID |
|---|---|---|---|
| Western blot | p-ERK / p-p38 / p-JNK / p-FoxO4 p21 / FoxO1 / FoxO3a p-mTOR(S2448) / mTOR / p-S6K(T389) / p-4EBP1 / p-BAD(S112) / cleaved PARP p-ACC2 / p-AMPK / AMPK |
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26716645 |
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