Home Proteases HIV Protease inhibitor - P450 (e.g. CYP17) inhibitor - COVID-19 inhibitor - Apoptosis related activator Ritonavir (ABT-538)

Ritonavir (ABT-538)

Catalog No.S1185 Synonyms: A 84538, RTV, Norvir, Norvir Softgel

For research use only.

Ritonavir (ABT-538, A 84538, RTV, Norvir, Norvir Softgel) is a Cytochrome P450 3A and Protease Inhibitor; Also inhibits Cytochrome P450 2D6, P-Glycoprotein and induces Cytochrome P450 2C19, Cytochrome P450 1A2, Cytochrome P450 2C9, Cytochrome P450 2B6 and UDP Glucuronosyltransferases. Ritonavir induces apoptosis.

Ritonavir (ABT-538) Chemical Structure

CAS No. 155213-67-5

Selleck's Ritonavir (ABT-538) has been cited by 33 publications

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Biological Activity

Description Ritonavir (ABT-538, A 84538, RTV, Norvir, Norvir Softgel) is a Cytochrome P450 3A and Protease Inhibitor; Also inhibits Cytochrome P450 2D6, P-Glycoprotein and induces Cytochrome P450 2C19, Cytochrome P450 1A2, Cytochrome P450 2C9, Cytochrome P450 2B6 and UDP Glucuronosyltransferases. Ritonavir induces apoptosis.
Targets
CYP3A4 [1] HIV [1]
In vitro

Ritonavir is a very potent inhibitor of CYP3A4 mediated testosterone 6β-hydroxylation with mean Ki of 19 nM and also inhibits tolbutamide hydroxylation with IC50 of 4.2 μM. [1] Ritonavir is found to be a potent inhibitor of CYP3A-mediated biotransformations (nifedipine oxidation with IC50 of 0.07 mM, 17alpha-ethynylestradiol 2-hydroxylation with IC50 of 2 mM; terfenadine hydroxylation with IC50 of 0.14 mM). Ritonavir is also found to be an inhibitor of the reactions mediated by CYP2D6 (IC50 = 2.5 mM) and CYP2C9/10 (IC50 = 8.0 mM). [2] Ritonavir results in an increase in cell viability in uninfected human PBMC cultures. Ritonavir markedly decreases the susceptibility of PBMCs to apoptosis correlated with lower levels of caspase-1 expression, decreases in annexin V staining, and reduces caspase-3 activity in uninfected human PBMC cultures. Ritonavir inhibits induction of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) production by PBMCs and monocytes in a time- and dose-dependent manner at nontoxic concentrations. [3] Ritonavir inhibits p-glycoprotein-mediated extrusion of saquinavir with an IC50 of 0.2 μM, indicating a high affinity of ritonavir for p-glycoprotein. [4] Ritonavir inhibits human liver microsomal metabolism of ABT-378 potently with Ki of 13 nM. Ritonavir combined with ABT-378 (at 3:1 and 29:1 ratios) inhibits CYP3A (IC50 = 1.1 and 4.6 μM), albeit less potently than Ritonavir (IC50 = 0.14 μM). [5]

Protocol (from reference)

Solubility (25°C)

In vitro

In vivo

Add solvents to the product individually and in order
(Data is from Selleck tests instead of citations):
30% PEG400+0.5% Tween80+5% propylene glycol
For best results, use promptly after mixing.

 30 mg/mL

Chemical Information

Molecular Weight 720.94
Formula

C37H48N6O5S2
CAS No. 155213-67-5
Storage 3 years -20°C powder
2 years -80°C in solvent
Smiles CC(C)C1=NC(=CS1)CN(C)C(=O)NC(C(C)C)C(=O)NC(CC2=CC=CC=C2)CC(C(CC3=CC=CC=C3)NC(=O)OCC4=CN=CS4)O

In vivo Formulation Calculator (Clear solution)

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Method for preparing DMSO master liquid: mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO ( Master liquid concentration mg/mL, Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug. )

Method for preparing in vivo formulation: Take μL DMSO master liquid, next addμL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O, mix and clarify.

Method for preparing in vivo formulation: Take μL DMSO master liquid, next add μL Corn oil, mix and clarify.

Note: 1. Please make sure the liquid is clear before adding the next solvent.
2. Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order. You must ensure that the solution obtained, in the previous addition, is a clear solution before proceeding to add the next solvent. Physical methods such
as vortex, ultrasound or hot water bath can be used to aid dissolving.

Molarity Calculator

Mass Concentration Volume Molecular Weight

Clinical Trial Information

NCT Number Recruitment Interventions Conditions Sponsor/Collaborators Start Date Phases
NCT04960202 Active not recruiting Drug: PF-07321332|Drug: Ritonavir|Drug: Placebo COVID-19 Pfizer July 16 2021 Phase 3
NCT04962022 Completed Drug: PF-07321332/ritonavir|Drug: Itraconazole Healthy Participant Pfizer July 20 2021 Phase 1

(data from https://clinicaltrials.gov, updated on 2022-01-17)

Tech Support

Answers to questions you may have can be found in the inhibitor handling instructions. Topics include how to prepare stock solutions, how to store inhibitors, and issues that need special attention for cell-based assays and animal experiments.

Handling Instructions

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