Home Proteases HIV Protease inhibitor - P450 (e.g. CYP17) inhibitor - COVID-19 inhibitor - Apoptosis related activator Ritonavir (ABT-538)

Ritonavir (ABT-538)

Catalog No.S1185 Synonyms: ABT-538,A 84538, RTV, Norvir, Norvir Softgel

For research use only.

Ritonavir (ABT-538, A 84538, RTV, Norvir, Norvir Softgel) is a Cytochrome P450 3A and Protease Inhibitor; Also inhibits Cytochrome P450 2D6, P-Glycoprotein and induces Cytochrome P450 2C19, Cytochrome P450 1A2, Cytochrome P450 2C9, Cytochrome P450 2B6 and UDP Glucuronosyltransferases. Ritonavir induces apoptosis.

Ritonavir (ABT-538) Chemical Structure

CAS No. 155213-67-5

Selleck's Ritonavir (ABT-538) has been cited by 35 publications

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Biological Activity

Description Ritonavir (ABT-538, A 84538, RTV, Norvir, Norvir Softgel) is a Cytochrome P450 3A and Protease Inhibitor; Also inhibits Cytochrome P450 2D6, P-Glycoprotein and induces Cytochrome P450 2C19, Cytochrome P450 1A2, Cytochrome P450 2C9, Cytochrome P450 2B6 and UDP Glucuronosyltransferases. Ritonavir induces apoptosis.
Targets
CYP3A4 [1] HIV [1]
In vitro

Ritonavir is a very potent inhibitor of CYP3A4 mediated testosterone 6β-hydroxylation with mean Ki of 19 nM and also inhibits tolbutamide hydroxylation with IC50 of 4.2 μM. [1] Ritonavir is found to be a potent inhibitor of CYP3A-mediated biotransformations (nifedipine oxidation with IC50 of 0.07 mM, 17alpha-ethynylestradiol 2-hydroxylation with IC50 of 2 mM; terfenadine hydroxylation with IC50 of 0.14 mM). Ritonavir is also found to be an inhibitor of the reactions mediated by CYP2D6 (IC50 = 2.5 mM) and CYP2C9/10 (IC50 = 8.0 mM). [2] Ritonavir results in an increase in cell viability in uninfected human PBMC cultures. Ritonavir markedly decreases the susceptibility of PBMCs to apoptosis correlated with lower levels of caspase-1 expression, decreases in annexin V staining, and reduces caspase-3 activity in uninfected human PBMC cultures. Ritonavir inhibits induction of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) production by PBMCs and monocytes in a time- and dose-dependent manner at nontoxic concentrations. [3] Ritonavir inhibits p-glycoprotein-mediated extrusion of saquinavir with an IC50 of 0.2 μM, indicating a high affinity of ritonavir for p-glycoprotein. [4] Ritonavir inhibits human liver microsomal metabolism of ABT-378 potently with Ki of 13 nM. Ritonavir combined with ABT-378 (at 3:1 and 29:1 ratios) inhibits CYP3A (IC50 = 1.1 and 4.6 μM), albeit less potently than Ritonavir (IC50 = 0.14 μM). [5]

Protocol (from reference)

Solubility (25°C)

In vitro

In vivo

Add solvents to the product individually and in order
(Data is from Selleck tests instead of citations):
30% PEG400+0.5% Tween80+5% propylene glycol
For best results, use promptly after mixing.

 30 mg/mL

Chemical Information

Molecular Weight 720.94
Formula

C37H48N6O5S2
CAS No. 155213-67-5
Storage 3 years -20°C powder
2 years -80°C in solvent
Smiles CC(C)C1=NC(=CS1)CN(C)C(=O)NC(C(C)C)C(=O)NC(CC2=CC=CC=C2)CC(C(CC3=CC=CC=C3)NC(=O)OCC4=CN=CS4)O

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Method for preparing in vivo formulation: Take μL DMSO master liquid, next addμL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O, mix and clarify.

Method for preparing in vivo formulation: Take μL DMSO master liquid, next add μL Corn oil, mix and clarify.

Note: 1. Please make sure the liquid is clear before adding the next solvent.
2. Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order. You must ensure that the solution obtained, in the previous addition, is a clear solution before proceeding to add the next solvent. Physical methods such
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Clinical Trial Information

NCT Number Recruitment Interventions Conditions Sponsor/Collaborators Start Date Phases
NCT05441215 Not yet recruiting Drug: nirmatrelvir|Drug: ritonavir Healthy Participants Pfizer July 5 2022 Phase 1
NCT05339334 Completed Drug: PF-07321332/ritonavir Healthy Participants Pfizer March 10 2022 Phase 1
NCT05261139 Recruiting Drug: nirmatrelvir|Drug: ritonavir COVID-19 Pfizer March 7 2022 Phase 2|Phase 3
NCT05263921 Completed Drug: PF-07321332/ritonavir Bioavailability Pfizer March 10 2022 Phase 1

(data from https://clinicaltrials.gov, updated on 2022-08-01)

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