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L-Glutamine

Cat.No.S1749

L-Glutamine (Gln) is one of the 20 amino acids encoded by the standard genetic code and also a major respiratory fuel and substrate for nucleic acid synthesis in mammalian intestinal cells.
L-Glutamine Chemical Structure

Chemical Structure

Molecular Weight: 146.14

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Quality Control

Batch: Purity: 99.86%
99.86

Solubility

In vitro
Batch:

Water : 29 mg/mL

DMSO : Insoluble
(Moisture-contaminated DMSO may reduce solubility. Use fresh, anhydrous DMSO.)

Ethanol : Insoluble

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In vivo
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Chemical Information, Storage & Stability

Molecular Weight 146.14 Formula

C5H10N2O3

 Storage (From the date of receipt)
CAS No. 56-85-9 Download SDF Storage of Stock Solutions

Synonyms N/A Smiles C(CC(=O)N)C(C(=O)O)N

Mechanism of Action

In vitro
L-Glutamine (0.2 and 2 mM) but not D-Gln inhibits the generation of L-Arg by both Arg-depleted and nondepleted endothelial cells. This compound also inhibits the conversion of L-[14C]Cit to L-[14C]Arg by Arg-depleted endothelial cells. It interferes with the conversion of L-Cit to L-Arg probably by acting on argininosuccinate synthetase rather than argininosuccinate lyase. This chemical also inhibits the generation of L-Arg by the monocyte-macrophage cell line J774 but has no effect on the conversion of L-Cit to L-Arg by these cells. Its metabolism stimulates Na+-H+exchange of acid-loaded porcine enterocytes by a mechanism not requiring activation of PKC. This compound (0.2 mM and 2 mM) but not D-glutamine (2 mM), L-glutamic acid (2 mM) or ammonium chloride (1 mM) also inhibits the generation of L-arginine in endothelial cells. It promotes chromatin condensation and formation of crescent-like structures in the nucleus of murine primary microglia as well as of the microglial cell-line BV-2.
In vivo
L-Glutamine at 0.5, 2 and 5 mM dose-dependently reduces H(2)O(2)- or LPS-induced cell death by 14%, 54% and 95%. This compound increases Glutamine concentrations in small-intestinal lumen and plasma, reduces intestinal expression of Toll-like receptor-4, active caspase-3 and NFkB, ameliorates intestinal injury, decreases rectal temperature, and enhanced growth performance in LPS-challenged piglets.
References
  • [4] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19614980/
  • [5] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19189199/

Clinical Trial Information

(data from https://clinicaltrials.gov, updated on 2024-05-22)

NCT Number Recruitment Conditions Sponsor/Collaborators Start Date Phases
NCT04785989 Recruiting
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
University of Wisconsin Madison
 June 13 2022 --
NCT05494541 Completed
Sickle Cell Disease
Novartis Pharmaceuticals|Novartis
 August 30 2021 --
NCT05833022 Completed
Sickle Cell Disease
Novartis Pharmaceuticals|Novartis
 July 30 2021 --
NCT04634539 Active not recruiting
Advanced Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma|Pancreatic Cancer|Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma
Jun Gong MD|Emmaus Medical Inc.|Cedars-Sinai Medical Center
 May 13 2021 Phase 1
NCT04684381 Completed
Sickle Cell Disease|Pharmacokinetics
Emmaus Medical Inc.
 January 4 2021 Phase 4
NCT05106101 Completed
Diverticulosis Colonic
Emmaus Medical Inc.
 July 19 2019 Phase 1

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