Disulfiram

Synonyms: NSC 190940, Tetraethylthiuram disulfide, TETD

Disulfiram is a specific inhibitor of aldehyde-dehydrogenase (ALDH) with IC50 of 0.15 μM and 1.45 μM for hALDH1 and hALDH2, respectively. Disulfiram is used for the treatment of chronic alcoholism by producing an acute sensitivity to alcohol. Disulfiram induces apoptosis. Disulfiram is also an inhibitor of pore formation by gasdermin D (GSDMD).

Disulfiram Chemical Structure

Disulfiram Chemical Structure

CAS: 97-77-8

Selleck's Disulfiram has been cited by 36 publications

Purity & Quality Control

Batch: Purity: 99.91%
99.91

Disulfiram Related Products

Choose Selective Dehydrogenase Inhibitors

Cell Data

Cell Lines Assay Type Concentration Incubation Time Formulation Activity Description PMID
insect cells Function assay 30 mins Inhibition of recombinant human LOXL4 expressed in baculovirus infected insect cells using diaminopentane as substrate preincubated for 30 mins followed by substrate addition measured after 1 hr by fluorimetric method, IC50 = 0.059 μM. 30098867
CHO Function assay 30 mins Inhibition of recombinant human LOXL3 expressed in CHO cells using diaminopentane as substrate preincubated for 30 mins followed by substrate addition measured after 1 hr by fluorimetric method, IC50 = 0.093 μM. 30098867
MCF7 Antiproliferative assay 72 hrs Antiproliferative activity against human MCF7 cells expressing BCA2 and estrogen receptor after 72 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 0.1 μM. 20222671
NS0 Function assay 30 mins Inhibition of recombinant LOXL2 (unknown origin) expressed in NS0 cells using diaminopentane as substrate preincubated for 30 mins followed by substrate addition measured after 1 hr by fluorimetric method, IC50 = 0.15 μM. 30098867
T47D Antiproliferative assay 72 hrs Antiproliferative activity against human T47D cells expressing BCA2 and estrogen receptor after 72 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 0.17 μM. 20222671
MDA-MB-231 Antiproliferative assay 72 hrs Antiproliferative activity against human MDA-MB-231 cells expressing BCA2 and ERalpha after 72 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 0.32 μM. 20222671
HEK293 Function assay 30 mins Inhibition of recombinant human LOX expressed in HEK293 cells using diaminopentane as substrate preincubated for 30 mins followed by substrate addition measured after 1 hr by fluorimetric method, IC50 = 0.32 μM. 30098867
CHO Function assay Agonist activity at human TRPA1 channel expressed in CHO cells assessed as increase in intracellular calcium levels, EC50 = 3 μM. 20356305
CEM-SS Antiviral assay Antiviral activity against HIV-1 in CEM-SS cells using XXT assay, IC50 = 3.9 μM. 9207937
MCF10A Antiproliferative assay 72 hrs Antiproliferative activity against human MCF10A cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 10 μM. 20222671
HepG2 Cytotoxicity assay 72 hrs Cytotoxicity against human HepG2 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 72 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 38 μM. 29571571
TC32 qHTS assay qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for TC32 cells 29435139
DAOY qHTS assay qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for DAOY cells 29435139
SJ-GBM2 qHTS assay qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for SJ-GBM2 cells 29435139
A673 qHTS assay qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for A673 cells 29435139
SK-N-MC qHTS assay qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for SK-N-MC cells 29435139
BT-37 qHTS assay qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for BT-37 cells 29435139
NB-EBc1 qHTS assay qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for NB-EBc1 cells 29435139
U-2 OS qHTS assay qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for U-2 OS cells 29435139
Saos-2 qHTS assay qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for Saos-2 cells 29435139
SK-N-SH qHTS assay qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for SK-N-SH cells 29435139
NB1643 qHTS assay qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for NB1643 cells 29435139
LAN-5 qHTS assay qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for LAN-5 cells 29435139
BT-12 qHTS assay qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for BT-12 cells 29435139
Rh18 qHTS assay qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for Rh18 cells 29435139
OHS-50 qHTS assay qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for OHS-50 cells 29435139
RD qHTS assay qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for RD cells 29435139
MG 63 (6-TG R) qHTS assay qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for MG 63 (6-TG R) cells 29435139
fibroblast cells qHTS assay qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for control Hh wild type fibroblast cells 29435139
Rh41 qHTS assay qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for Rh41 cells 29435139
NB1643 qHTS assay qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Confirmatory screen for NB1643 cells 29435139
A673 qHTS assay qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Confirmatory screen for A673 cells) 29435139
LAN-5 qHTS assay qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Confirmatory screen for LAN-5 cells 29435139
DAOY qHTS assay qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Confirmatory screen for DAOY cells 29435139
SJ-GBM2 qHTS assay qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Confirmatory screen for SJ-GBM2 cells 29435139
BT-37 qHTS assay qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Confirmatory screen for BT-37 cells 29435139
TC32 qHTS assay qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Confirmatory screen for TC32 cells 29435139
U-2 OS qHTS assay qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Confirmatory screen for U-2 OS cells 29435139
Rh41 qHTS assay qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Confirmatory screen for Rh41 cells 29435139
RD qHTS assay qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Confirmatory screen for RD cells 29435139
Saos-2 qHTS assay qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Confirmatory screen for Saos-2 cells 29435139
Click to View More Cell Line Experimental Data

Biological Activity

Description Disulfiram is a specific inhibitor of aldehyde-dehydrogenase (ALDH) with IC50 of 0.15 μM and 1.45 μM for hALDH1 and hALDH2, respectively. Disulfiram is used for the treatment of chronic alcoholism by producing an acute sensitivity to alcohol. Disulfiram induces apoptosis. Disulfiram is also an inhibitor of pore formation by gasdermin D (GSDMD).
Targets
ALDH1 [5]
(Cell-free assay)
ALDH2 [5]
(Cell-free assay)
0.15 μM 1.45 μM
In vitro
In vitro

Disulfiram-copper complex potently inhibits the proteasomal activity in cultured breast cancer MDA-MB-231 and MCF10DCIS.com cells, but not normal, immortalized MCF-10A cells, before induction of apoptotic cancer cell death. [1]

Disulfiram (DS), a clinically used anti-alcoholism drug, strongly inhibits constitutive and 5-FU-induced NF-kappaB activity in a dose-dependent manner. Disulfiram inhibits both NF-kappaB nuclear translocation and DNA binding activity but has no effect on 5-FU-induced IkappaBalpha degradation. Disulfiram significantly enhances the apoptotic effect of 5-FU on DLD-1 and RKO(WT) cell lines and synergistically potentiated the cytotoxicity of 5-FU to both cell lines. Disulfiram also effectively abolishes 5-FU chemoresistance in a 5-FU resistant cell line H630(5-FU) in vitro. [2]

Oseltamivir decreases the number of viable cells, and the addition of CuCl(2) significantly enhances the DSF-induced cell death to less than 10% of control. [3]

Disulfiram given to melanoma cells in combination with Cu2+ or Zn2+ decreases expression of cyclin A and reduces proliferation in vitro at lower concentrations than disulfiram alone. [4]

Cell Research Cell lines MDA-MB-231 cells
Concentrations 20 μM
Incubation Time 24 h
Method

Cells cultured in medium containing 25 µM copper for 3 days and then maintained in normal growth medium (without additional copper) were treated with 20 µM DSF or TM or vehicle DMSO for 24 hours.

In Vivo
In vivo

Disulfiram significantly inhibits the tumor growth (by 74%), associated with in vivo proteasome inhibition (as measured by decreased levels of tumor tissue proteasome activity and accumulation of ubiquitinated proteins and natural proteasome substrates p27 and Bax) and apoptosis induction (as shown by caspase activation and apoptotic nuclei formation) in mice bearing MDA-MB-231 tumor xenografts. [1]

Disulfiram blocks the P-glycoprotein extrusion pump, inhibits the transcription factor nuclear factor-kappaB, sensitizes tumors to chemotherapy, reduces angiogenesis, and inhibits tumor growth in mice. Disulfiram inhibits growth and angiogenesis in melanomas transplanted in severe combined immunodeficient mice, and these effects are potentiated by Zn2+ supplementation. [4]

NCT Number Recruitment Conditions Sponsor/Collaborators Start Date Phases
NCT05626920 Recruiting
Inherited Retinal Dystrophy Primarily Involving Sensory Retina
University of Washington
December 2023 Phase 1|Phase 2
NCT04485130 Terminated
Covid19
University of California San Francisco
August 18 2021 Phase 2
NCT03151772 Terminated
Glioblastoma
Sahlgrenska University Hospital Sweden
January 29 2018 Early Phase 1
NCT02309801 Completed
Healthy
Parc de Salut Mar|Ministerio de Sanidad Servicios Sociales e Igualdad
July 2012 Phase 1

Chemical Information & Solubility

Molecular Weight 296.54 Formula

C10H20N2S4

CAS No. 97-77-8 SDF Download Disulfiram SDF
Smiles CCN(CC)C(=S)SSC(=S)N(CC)CC
Storage (From the date of receipt)

In vitro
Batch:

DMSO : 59 mg/mL ( (198.96 mM); Moisture-absorbing DMSO reduces solubility. Please use fresh DMSO.)

Ethanol : 59 mg/mL

Water : Insoluble


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In vivo
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Tech Support

Answers to questions you may have can be found in the inhibitor handling instructions. Topics include how to prepare stock solutions, how to store inhibitors, and issues that need special attention for cell-based assays and animal experiments.

Handling Instructions

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