| S1210 |
Methotrexate
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Methotrexate, analog of folic acid, is a nonspecific inhibitor of the dihydrofolate reductase(DHFR) of bacteria and cancerous cells as well as normal cells. It forms an inactive ternary complex with DHFR and NADPH. Methotrexate (MTX) induces apoptosis.
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J Clin Invest, 2025, e190215
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Theranostics, 2025, 15(10):4526-4549
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Antimicrob Agents Chemother, 2025, e0047125.
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| S7785 |
Pemetrexed Disodium Hydrate
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Pemetrexed Disodium Hydrate (LY-231514) is a novel antifolate and antimetabolite for TS, DHFR and GARFT with Ki of 1.3 nM, 7.2 nM and 65 nM, respectively. This compound stimulates autophagy and apoptosis.
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iScience, 2024, 27(10):110862
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Cell Rep, 2022, 38(9):110448
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Front Pharmacol, 2022, 13:1032975
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| S5971 |
Pemetrexed
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Pemetrexed (LY231514) is a novel antifolate and antimetabolite for thymidylate synthase (TS), dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) and glycinamide ribonucleotide formyltransferase (GARFT) with Ki of 1.3 nM, 7.2 nM and 65 nM in cell-free assays, respectively. This compound induces autophagy and apoptosis.
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Nat Commun, 2025, 16(1):7853
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Nat Commun, 2025, 16(1):8476
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Sci Adv, 2025, 11(4):eadp4765
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| S5097 |
Methotrexate disodium
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Methotrexate sodium, an analog of folic acid, is a nonspecific inhibitor of the dihydrofolate reductase(DHFR) of bacteria and cancerous cells as well as normal cells. It forms an inactive ternary complex with DHFR and NADPH. Methotrexate (MTX) induces apoptosis.
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Chin Med J (Engl), 2023, 10.1097/CM9.0000000000002816
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Pharmaceutics, 2023, 15(2)576
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Bioact Mater, 2022, 18:459-470
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| S1497 |
Pralatrexate
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Pralatrexate is an antifolate, and structurally a folate analog. Its IC50 is < 300 nM in some cell lines. This compound induces tumor cell apoptosis.
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Cell Rep Med, 2025, S2666-3791(25)00102-8
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Br J Haematol, 2024, 10.1111/bjh.19658
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Discov Oncol, 2024, 15(1):709
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| S2006 |
Pyrimethamine
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Pyrimethamine(RP 4753) is a dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) inhibitor, used as an antimalarial drug.
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Antimicrob Agents Chemother, 2025, e0047125.
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Int J Parasitol Drugs Drug Resist, 2025, 29:100626
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BMC Cancer, 2024, 24(1):116
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| S5790 |
Folinic acid (Leucovorin)
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Folinic acid (Leucovorin) is a biological folic acid that increases the level of reduced folates in tissues, which promotes the inhibition of thymidylate synthase (TS).Solutions are unstable and should be fresh-prepared.
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Nat Cell Biol, 2024,
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Nat Commun, 2022, 13(1):6308
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| S2588 |
Calcium Folinate
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Calcium Folinate is a calcium salt of folinic acid that is an adjuvant used in cancer chemotherapy.Solutions are unstable and should be fresh-prepared.
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Drug Resist Updat, 2023, 71:101005
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| E1003 |
Aminopterin
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Aminopterin (4-amino Folic Acid, 4-amino PGA, 4-Aminofolic acid, 4-Aminopteroylglutamic acid, Aminopteroylglutamic acid, APGA, NSC 739), a folic acid antagonist, is a competitive inhibitor of dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) with Ki of 3.7 pM.
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Mol Cancer Res, 2024, 22(1):82-93
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| E4837 |
Trimethoprim (lactate)
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Trimethoprim (lactate) is an antifolate antibacterial agent that inhibits bacterial dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR), an essential enzyme responsible for the production of tetrahydrofolic acid (THF). By blocking this enzyme, it prevents the synthesis of bacterial DNA, hindering bacterial survival. This compound is a standard antibiotic for treating urinary tract infections (UTIs).
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| S3082 |
Proguanil HCl(Atovaquone)
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Proguanil hydrochloride (Chloroguanil, Chlorguanide hydrochloride), also known as Atovaquone, is an antimalarial proagent that acts as an inhibitor of dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR). It functions as a biguanide to enhance the effect of Atovaquone.
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| S5200 |
Diaveridine
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Diaveridine (AI3-23935, CCRIS-3784) is a coccidiostat with anti-parasitic activity and also a dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) inhibitor preventing folic acid synthesis in species of Pneumocystis.
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