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Pirfenidone TGF-β inhibitor

Name: Pirfenidone
Brand: Selleck Chemicals
SKU: S2907
Availability: InStock
Rating: 5 (52 reviews)

Cat.No.S2907

Pirfenidone is an inhibitor for TGF-β production and TGF-β stimulated collagen production, reduces production of TNF-α and IL-1β, and also has anti-fibrotic and anti-inflammatory properties. Pirfenidone attenuates chemokine (CC motif) ligand-2 (CCL2) and CCL12 production with anti-fibrotic activity. Phase 3.

Chemical Structure

Molecular Weight: 185.22

Jump to Mechanism of Action Cell Culture & Working Concentration Solubility Chemical Information, Storage & Stability Specificity

Quality Control

Batch: Purity: 99.98%

99.98

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Cell Culture, Treatment & Working Concentration

Cell Lines	Assay Type	Concentration	Incubation Time	Activity Description	PMID
HFL1 cells	Function assay		48 h	Antifibrotic activity in HFL1 cells assessed as inhibition of cell viability after 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay, IC50 = 0.71 μM.	26896707
LNCaP	Cell growth assay	0, 0.1, 0.3 mg/ml	3 days	PFD treatment significantly suppressed the growth of cells at 0.3 mg/ml	30621175
PC-3	Cell growth assay	0, 0.1, 0.3 mg/ml	3 days	PFD treatment significantly suppressed the growth of cells at 0.3 mg/ml	30621175
E9	Cell growth assay	0, 0.1, 0.3 mg/ml	3 days	PFD treatment significantly suppressed the growth of cells at 0.3 mg/ml	30621175
F10	Cell growth assay	0, 0.1, 0.3 mg/ml	3 days	PFD treatment significantly suppressed the growth of cells at 0.3 mg/ml	30621175
AIDL	Cell growth assay	0, 0.1, 0.3 mg/ml	3 days	PFD treatment significantly suppressed the growth of cells at 0.3 mg/ml	30621175
human intestinal fibroblasts (HIFs)	Function assay		1 h	PFD inhibits HIFs differentiation and the collagen deposition induced by TGF-β1.	30152848
Click to View More Cell Line Experimental Data

Chemical Information, Storage & Stability

Molecular Weight	185.22	Formula	C₁₂H₁₁NO	Storage (From the date of receipt)	3 years-20°Cpowder
CAS No.	53179-13-8	Download SDF		Storage of Stock Solutions	1 year-80°Cin solvent 1 month-20°Cin solvent
Synonyms	S-7701, AMR-69			Smiles	CC1=CN(C(=O)C=C1)C2=CC=CC=C2

Solubility

In vitro
Batch:

DMSO : 37 mg/mL (199.76 mM)
(Moisture-contaminated DMSO may reduce solubility. Use fresh, anhydrous DMSO.)

Ethanol : 37 mg/mL

Water : Insoluble

Molarity Calculator

Mass	Concentration	Volume	Molecular Weight
Mass value Mass unit	Concentration value Concentration unit	Volume value Volume unit	Molecular weight (g/mol)

Dilution Calculator Molecular Weight Calculator

In vivo batch selection In vivo Batch:
Homogeneous suspension	CMC-NA	≥5mg/ml	Taking the 1 mL working solution as an example, add 5 mg of this product to 1 ml of CMC-Na solution, mix evenly to obtain a homogeneous suspension with a final concentration of 5 mg/ml.
Clear solution	5%DMSO 1 40%PEG300 2 5%Tween80 3 50%ddH2O Validated by Selleck labs. Should you need adjustments to this formulation, contact our sales team for custom testing.	20.000mg/ml (107.98mM)	Taking the 1 mL working solution as an example, add 50 μL of 400 mg/ml clarified DMSO stock solution to 400 μL of PEG300, mix evenly to clarify it; add 50 μL of Tween80 to the above system, mix evenly to clarify; then continue to add 500 μL of ddH2O to adjust the volume to 1 mL. The mixed solution should be used immediately for optimal results.
Homogeneous suspension	CMC-NA	≥5mg/ml	Taking the 1 mL working solution as an example, add 5 mg of this product to 1 ml of CMC-Na solution, mix evenly to obtain a homogeneous suspension with a final concentration of 5 mg/ml.
Homogeneous suspension	CMC-NA	≥5mg/ml	Taking the 1 mL working solution as an example, add 5 mg of this product to 1 ml of CMC-Na solution, mix evenly to obtain a homogeneous suspension with a final concentration of 5 mg/ml.
Homogeneous suspension	CMC-NA	≥5mg/ml	Taking the 1 mL working solution as an example, add 5 mg of this product to 1 ml of CMC-Na solution, mix evenly to obtain a homogeneous suspension with a final concentration of 5 mg/ml.
Clear solution	5%DMSO 1 40%PEG300 2 5%Tween80 3 50%ddH2O Validated by Selleck labs. Should you need adjustments to this formulation, contact our sales team for custom testing.	1.850mg/ml (9.99mM)	Taking the 1 mL working solution as an example, add 50 μL of 37 mg/ml clarified DMSO stock solution to 400 μL of PEG300, mix evenly to clarify it; add 50 μL of Tween80 to the above system, mix evenly to clarify; then continue to add 500 μL of ddH2O to adjust the volume to 1 mL. The mixed solution should be used immediately for optimal results.
Clear solution	5% DMSO 1 95% Corn oil Validated by Selleck labs. Should you need adjustments to this formulation, contact our sales team for custom testing.	0.600mg/ml (3.24mM)	Taking the 1 mL working solution as an example, add 50 μL of 12 mg/ml clear DMSO stock solution to 950 μL of corn oil and mix evenly. The mixed solution should be used immediately for optimal results.
Homogeneous suspension	CMC-NA	≥5mg/ml	Taking the 1 mL working solution as an example, add 5 mg of this product to 1 ml of CMC-Na solution, mix evenly to obtain a homogeneous suspension with a final concentration of 5 mg/ml.
Clear solution	5%DMSO 1 40%PEG300 2 5%Tween80 3 50%ddH2O Validated by Selleck labs. Should you need adjustments to this formulation, contact our sales team for custom testing.	1.850mg/ml (9.99mM)	Taking the 1 mL working solution as an example, add 50 μL of 37 mg/ml clarified DMSO stock solution to 400 μL of PEG300, mix evenly to clarify it; add 50 μL of Tween80 to the above system, mix evenly to clarify; then continue to add 500 μL of ddH2O to adjust the volume to 1 mL. The mixed solution should be used immediately for optimal results.
Clear solution	5% DMSO 1 95% Corn oil Validated by Selleck labs. Should you need adjustments to this formulation, contact our sales team for custom testing.	1.850mg/ml (9.99mM)	Taking the 1 mL working solution as an example, add 50 μL of 37 mg/ml clear DMSO stock solution to 950 μL of corn oil and mix evenly. The mixed solution should be used immediately for optimal results.

In vivo Formulation Calculator (Clear solution)

Step 1: Enter information below (Recommended: An additional animal making an allowance for loss during the experiment)

Dosage: mg/kg

Average weight of animals: g

Dosing volume per animal: μL

Number of animals:

Step 2: Enter the in vivo formulation (This is only the calculator, not formulation. Please contact us first if there is no in vivo formulation at the solubility Section.)

% DMSO

% Tween 80

% ddH₂O

% DMSO

Calculation results:

Working concentration: mg/ml;

Method for preparing DMSO master liquid: mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO ( Master liquid concentration mg/mL, Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug. )

Method for preparing in vivo formulation: Take μL DMSO master liquid, next addμL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH₂O, mix and clarify.

Method for preparing in vivo formulation: Take μL DMSO master liquid, next add μL Corn oil, mix and clarify.

Note: 1. Please make sure the liquid is clear before adding the next solvent.
2. Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order. You must ensure that the solution obtained, in the previous addition, is a clear solution before proceeding to add the next solvent. Physical methods such
as vortex, ultrasound or hot water bath can be used to aid dissolving.

Mechanism of Action

Targets/IC₅₀/Ki	TGF-β ^[2] (Cell-free assay)
In vitro	Pirfenidone (< 300 μg/mL) suppresses the proinflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) by a translational mechanism in RAW264.7 cells, which is independent of activation of the mitogen-activated protain kinase (MAPK) 2, p38 MAP kinase, and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK). ^[1] This compound (< 10 mM) leads to reduced glioma cell density in concentration-dependent manner in LN-18, T98G, LNT-229 and LN-308 cell lines. It (< 5 mM) reduces TGF-β bioactivity by affecting TGF-β2 mRNA expression and processing of pro-TGF-β in CCL-64 cells. This chemical (< 8.3 mM) inhibits the activity of recombinant furin and downregulates the expression of MMP-11 in a dose-dependent manner in LN-308 cells. ^[2]
In vivo	Pirfenidone (250 mg/kg) potently inhibits the production of the proinflammatory cytokines, TNF-alpha, interferon-gamma, and interleukin-6, but enhances the production of the anti-inflammatory cytokine, interleukin-10, in mice. ^[1] This compound (250 mg/kg/day) ameliorates cyclosporine-induced fibrosis by about 50% and decreases TGF-beta1 protein expression by 80% in Sprague-Dawley rats receiving a low-salt diet. ^[3] It (400 mg/kg/day) inhibits heat shock protein 47-positive cells and myofibroblasts, the principal cells responsible for the accumulation and deposition of extracellular matrix seen in pulmonary fibrosis in ICR mice intravenously injected with bleomycin. ^[4] This chemical (0.5%, liquid diet) treatment reduces the degree of liver injury in rats, as determined by alanine aminotransferase values and necro-inflammatory score, which is associated with reduced hepatic stellate cells proliferation and collagen deposition. This compound (0.5%, liquid diet) administration downregulates dimethylnitrosamine induced transcripts levels of procollagen alpha1(I), TIMP-1 and MMP-2 by 50-60% in rats, and this is associated with a 70% reduction in collagen deposition. ^[5]
References	[1] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12098600/ [2] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17234158/ [3] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12099512/ [4] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15293605/ [5] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15571005/ [6] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35130111/

Applications

Methods	Biomarkers	Images	PMID
Immunofluorescence	α-SMA SMAD4 / SMAD2 / SMAD3 F-actin / β-catenin / Vimentin		22132230

Clinical Trial Information

(data from https://clinicaltrials.gov, updated on 2024-05-22)

NCT Number	Recruitment	Conditions	Sponsor/Collaborators	Start Date	Phases
NCT05676112	Withdrawn	Pulmonary Fibrosis	Boehringer Ingelheim\|China-Japan Friendship Hospital	December 29 2023	--
NCT06070610	Completed	Healthy	Boehringer Ingelheim	November 8 2023	Phase 1
NCT05713292	Active not recruiting	COVID-19 Pneumonia	Capital Medical University	December 30 2022	Phase 3
NCT05505409	Recruiting	Pirfenidone\|Connective Tissue Diseases\|Interstitial Lung Disease	Qilu Hospital of Shandong University	June 22 2022	Phase 4

Tech Support

Handling Instructions

Tel: +1-832-582-8158 Ext:3

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Frequently Asked Questions

Question 1:
I'd like to know how to use your 50mg dose of it to make a solution for intraperitoneal injection in a mouse. Could you give me some advice?

Answer:
For I.P. injection, it can be dissolved in 2% DMSO+30% PEG 300+ddH2O at 10 mg/ml clearly. When preparing the solution, please dissolve this compound in DMSO clearly first. Then add PEG, after they mixed well, then dilute with water.

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