Clinical Trials

Multiple clinical trials evaluate the therapeutic utility, safety, and pharmacokinetics of zanamivir, focusing primarily on viral infections—including human influenza, influenza A, respiratory tract infections, and gastric influenza—alongside exploratory indications such as dengue fever and associated arthralgia. Spanning Early Phase 1 through Phase 3 across completed, actively recruiting, terminated, and withdrawn statuses, these investigations are supported by industry sponsors such as GlaxoSmithKline, academic institutions including George Washington University and the University of Oxford, and hospital networks like Hospices Civils de Lyon.

NCT Number Recruitment Conditions Sponsor/Collaborators Start Date Phases
NCT04597437 RECRUITING
Dengue Fever
George Washington University
2024-03-15 PHASE2
NCT05648448 RECRUITING
Influenza; Influenza, Human
University of Oxford
2023-02-22 PHASE2
NCT04494412 COMPLETED
Influenza, Human; Arthralgia
GlaxoSmithKline
2022-11-21 PHASE2
NCT04867707 COMPLETED
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
University of Missouri-Columbia
2021-07-14 PHASE2
NCT04597437 Recruiting
Dengue Fever
George Washington University|Naval Medical Research Center|Clinica de la Costa|Global Disease Research
2024-03-15 Early Phase 1
NCT04494412 Recruiting
Influenza Human|Arthralgia
GlaxoSmithKline
2022-11-21 Phase 2
NCT02377401 COMPLETED
Influenza, Human
GlaxoSmithKline
2015-04-28 PHASE1
NCT02377401 Completed
Influenza Human
GlaxoSmithKline
2015-04-28 Phase 1
NCT01231620 COMPLETED
Influenza, Human
GlaxoSmithKline
2011-01-15 PHASE3
NCT01014988 COMPLETED
Influenza, Human
GlaxoSmithKline
2009-11 PHASE2
NCT01527110 COMPLETED
Influenza, Human
GlaxoSmithKline
2012-01-01 PHASE3
NCT01459081 COMPLETED
Influenza A Virus Infection; Influenza B Virus Infection
Jiangsu Simcere Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.
2011-10 PHASE3
NCT01527110 Completed
Influenza Human
GlaxoSmithKline
2012-01-01 Phase 3
NCT01353729 COMPLETED
Influenza, Human
GlaxoSmithKline
2011-05-19 PHASE1
NCT01353768 Completed
Infections Respiratory Tract
GlaxoSmithKline
2011-07 --
NCT00980109 COMPLETED
Influenza
University of Oxford
2009-09 PHASE4
NCT00979667 TERMINATED
Upper Respiratory Tract Infection; Influenza
Chinese University of Hong Kong
2009-10 PHASE3
NCT00989404 COMPLETED
Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype
GlaxoSmithKline
2009-10-12 PHASE1
NCT00799760 TERMINATED
Gastric Influenza
Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris
2008-12 PHASE3
NCT00921726 COMPLETED
Influenza; Virus Diseases
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)
2009-07 PHASE1
NCT00867139 COMPLETED
Influenza
Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center
2009-03 PHASE1; PHASE2
NCT00830323 TERMINATED
Influenza A Infection
Hospices Civils de Lyon
2009-01 PHASE2
NCT00784784 COMPLETED
Influenza
Mount Sinai Hospital, Canada
2008-11 PHASE3
NCT00540501 WITHDRAWN
Healthy Subjects
GlaxoSmithKline
2007-10 PHASE1

(data from https://clinicaltrials.gov, updated on 2026-07-29)

Check the Zanamivir product page for in-depth specifications, including solubility, stock solutions, MOA, and working concentrations.

Compliance for Clinical Use

Mechanism and Biochemical Profile

Zanamivir selectively binds to and inhibits viral neuraminidase, preventing the cleavage of terminal sialic acid residues on host cell surface glycoconjugates and thereby halting the release and spread of newly synthesized virions from infected host cells. This suppression of viral dissemination effectively limits viral replication within host mucosal tissues, providing the clinical rationale for its evaluation in trials for the prophylaxis and treatment of human influenza A and B viral infections and associated respiratory complications.

Appendix RUO and cGMP Quality Standards

Quality Dimension RUO (Research Use Only) cGMP (Current Good Manufacturing Practice)
Clinical Applicability Prohibited in human clinical trials or medical diagnostics. Mandatory for human clinical trials (Phase I–III) and therapies.
Regulatory Status Non-regulated grade; exempt from drug manufacturing laws. Legally enforced by health authorities (e.g., FDA, EMA, NMPA).
Facility Environment Unclassified analytical or research laboratories. Validated Cleanrooms (ISO Class 5–8) with continuous monitoring.
Quality Control Basic purity and activity testing. Rigorous safety release testing (Sterility, Endotoxin, Mycoplasma).
Process Validation Basic equipment calibration; no process validation required. Full qualification (IQ/OQ/PQ) and complete batch records.
Quality Assurance Vendor self-declared without required formal QMS. Mandatory QA/QC unit, Change Control, CAPA, and vendor audits.
Regulatory Impact High risk of IND rejection if used as a critical raw material. Required for IND/NDA filings, supported by Drug Master Files (DMF).

Footnotes

Regulatory Note: Governed by FDA (21 CFR Parts 210/211/312), EMA (EudraLex Vol 4), ICH Guidelines (E6/Q7/Q9/Q10), and compendial standards (USP <71>/<85>/<1043>).

Note: Technical data last updated: Sep 1, 2026.