Multiple clinical trials evaluate the therapeutic utility, safety, and pharmacokinetics of zanamivir, focusing primarily on viral infections—including human influenza, influenza A, respiratory tract infections, and gastric influenza—alongside exploratory indications such as dengue fever and associated arthralgia. Spanning Early Phase 1 through Phase 3 across completed, actively recruiting, terminated, and withdrawn statuses, these investigations are supported by industry sponsors such as GlaxoSmithKline, academic institutions including George Washington University and the University of Oxford, and hospital networks like Hospices Civils de Lyon.
| NCT Number | Recruitment | Conditions | Sponsor/Collaborators | Start Date | Phases |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NCT04597437 | RECRUITING | Dengue Fever |
George Washington University |
2024-03-15 | PHASE2 |
| NCT05648448 | RECRUITING | Influenza; Influenza, Human |
University of Oxford |
2023-02-22 | PHASE2 |
| NCT04494412 | COMPLETED | Influenza, Human; Arthralgia |
GlaxoSmithKline |
2022-11-21 | PHASE2 |
| NCT04867707 | COMPLETED | Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 |
University of Missouri-Columbia |
2021-07-14 | PHASE2 |
| NCT04597437 | Recruiting | Dengue Fever |
George Washington University|Naval Medical Research Center|Clinica de la Costa|Global Disease Research |
2024-03-15 | Early Phase 1 |
| NCT04494412 | Recruiting | Influenza Human|Arthralgia |
GlaxoSmithKline |
2022-11-21 | Phase 2 |
| NCT02377401 | COMPLETED | Influenza, Human |
GlaxoSmithKline |
2015-04-28 | PHASE1 |
| NCT02377401 | Completed | Influenza Human |
GlaxoSmithKline |
2015-04-28 | Phase 1 |
| NCT01231620 | COMPLETED | Influenza, Human |
GlaxoSmithKline |
2011-01-15 | PHASE3 |
| NCT01014988 | COMPLETED | Influenza, Human |
GlaxoSmithKline |
2009-11 | PHASE2 |
| NCT01527110 | COMPLETED | Influenza, Human |
GlaxoSmithKline |
2012-01-01 | PHASE3 |
| NCT01459081 | COMPLETED | Influenza A Virus Infection; Influenza B Virus Infection |
Jiangsu Simcere Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. |
2011-10 | PHASE3 |
| NCT01527110 | Completed | Influenza Human |
GlaxoSmithKline |
2012-01-01 | Phase 3 |
| NCT01353729 | COMPLETED | Influenza, Human |
GlaxoSmithKline |
2011-05-19 | PHASE1 |
| NCT01353768 | Completed | Infections Respiratory Tract |
GlaxoSmithKline |
2011-07 | -- |
| NCT00980109 | COMPLETED | Influenza |
University of Oxford |
2009-09 | PHASE4 |
| NCT00979667 | TERMINATED | Upper Respiratory Tract Infection; Influenza |
Chinese University of Hong Kong |
2009-10 | PHASE3 |
| NCT00989404 | COMPLETED | Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype |
GlaxoSmithKline |
2009-10-12 | PHASE1 |
| NCT00799760 | TERMINATED | Gastric Influenza |
Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris |
2008-12 | PHASE3 |
| NCT00921726 | COMPLETED | Influenza; Virus Diseases |
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) |
2009-07 | PHASE1 |
| NCT00867139 | COMPLETED | Influenza |
Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center |
2009-03 | PHASE1; PHASE2 |
| NCT00830323 | TERMINATED | Influenza A Infection |
Hospices Civils de Lyon |
2009-01 | PHASE2 |
| NCT00784784 | COMPLETED | Influenza |
Mount Sinai Hospital, Canada |
2008-11 | PHASE3 |
| NCT00540501 | WITHDRAWN | Healthy Subjects |
GlaxoSmithKline |
2007-10 | PHASE1 |
(data from https://clinicaltrials.gov, updated on 2026-07-29)
Mechanism and Biochemical Profile
Appendix RUO and cGMP Quality Standards
| Quality Dimension | RUO (Research Use Only) | cGMP (Current Good Manufacturing Practice) |
|---|---|---|
| Clinical Applicability | Prohibited in human clinical trials or medical diagnostics. | Mandatory for human clinical trials (Phase I–III) and therapies. |
| Regulatory Status | Non-regulated grade; exempt from drug manufacturing laws. | Legally enforced by health authorities (e.g., FDA, EMA, NMPA). |
| Facility Environment | Unclassified analytical or research laboratories. | Validated Cleanrooms (ISO Class 5–8) with continuous monitoring. |
| Quality Control | Basic purity and activity testing. | Rigorous safety release testing (Sterility, Endotoxin, Mycoplasma). |
| Process Validation | Basic equipment calibration; no process validation required. | Full qualification (IQ/OQ/PQ) and complete batch records. |
| Quality Assurance | Vendor self-declared without required formal QMS. | Mandatory QA/QC unit, Change Control, CAPA, and vendor audits. |
| Regulatory Impact | High risk of IND rejection if used as a critical raw material. | Required for IND/NDA filings, supported by Drug Master Files (DMF). |
Footnotes
Regulatory Note: Governed by FDA (21 CFR Parts 210/211/312), EMA (EudraLex Vol 4), ICH Guidelines (E6/Q7/Q9/Q10), and compendial standards (USP <71>/<85>/<1043>).