Clinical Trials

Several clinical trials have evaluated triptolide across Phase 1 through Phase 3 studies, focusing on treatment-naive and acute HIV-1 infections, autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease, and advanced non-small cell lung cancer. Sponsored predominantly by major academic medical centers such as Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, and City of Hope Medical Center, these evaluations encompass varied recruitment statuses, including completed, active but not recruiting, terminated, and unknown. Completed studies have specifically investigated critical outcomes such as viral suppression and immune biomarkers.

NCT Number Recruitment Conditions Sponsor/Collaborators Start Date Phases
NCT05166616 ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING
Advanced Lung Non-Small Cell Carcinoma; Locally Advanced Lung Non-Small Cell Carcinoma; Stage III Lung Cancer AJCC v8; Stage IIIA Lung Cancer AJCC v8; Stage IIIB Lung Cancer AJCC v8; Stage IIIC Lung Cancer AJCC v8; Stage IV Lung Cancer AJCC v8; Stage IVA Lung Cancer AJCC v8; Stage IVB Lung Cancer AJCC v8; Unresectable Lung Non-Small Cell Carcinoma
City of Hope Medical Center
2022-03-07 PHASE1
NCT03403569 COMPLETED
HIV-infection/AIDS
Peking Union Medical College Hospital
2018-09-01 PHASE3
NCT02219672 UNKNOWN
AIDS/HIV PROBLEM
Peking Union Medical College
2014-07 PHASE3
NCT02115659 UNKNOWN
Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease (ADPKD)
Shanghai Changzheng Hospital
2014-04 PHASE3
NCT01817283 UNKNOWN
HIV
LI Taisheng
2013-01 PHASE1; PHASE2
NCT00801268 TERMINATED
Polycystic Kidney
Zhi-Hong Liu, M.D.
2008-11

(data from https://clinicaltrials.gov, updated on 2026-03-05)

Check the Triptolide product page for in-depth specifications, including solubility, stock solutions, MOA, and working concentrations.

Compliance for Clinical Use

Mechanism and Biochemical Profile

Triptolide functions by inhibiting NF-κB through the disruption of p65/CBP interactions, reducing p65 protein levels, abrogating HSF1 transactivation, and downregulating MDM2 to trigger p53-independent apoptosis. This multi-targeted pathway blockade suppresses aberrant cellular proliferation, inflammatory signaling, and viral activation, providing a therapeutic rationale for its study in non-small cell lung cancer, autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease, and HIV-1 infection.

Appendix RUO and cGMP Quality Standards

Quality Dimension RUO (Research Use Only) cGMP (Current Good Manufacturing Practice)
Clinical Applicability Prohibited in human clinical trials or medical diagnostics. Mandatory for human clinical trials (Phase I–III) and therapies.
Regulatory Status Non-regulated grade; exempt from drug manufacturing laws. Legally enforced by health authorities (e.g., FDA, EMA, NMPA).
Facility Environment Unclassified analytical or research laboratories. Validated Cleanrooms (ISO Class 5–8) with continuous monitoring.
Quality Control Basic purity and activity testing. Rigorous safety release testing (Sterility, Endotoxin, Mycoplasma).
Process Validation Basic equipment calibration; no process validation required. Full qualification (IQ/OQ/PQ) and complete batch records.
Quality Assurance Vendor self-declared without required formal QMS. Mandatory QA/QC unit, Change Control, CAPA, and vendor audits.
Regulatory Impact High risk of IND rejection if used as a critical raw material. Required for IND/NDA filings, supported by Drug Master Files (DMF).

Footnotes

Regulatory Note: Governed by FDA (21 CFR Parts 210/211/312), EMA (EudraLex Vol 4), ICH Guidelines (E6/Q7/Q9/Q10), and compendial standards (USP <71>/<85>/<1043>).

Note: Technical data last updated: Sep 1, 2026.