Nifuroxazide is currently being evaluated in several clinical trials for gastrointestinal and hepatic disorders, specifically ulcerative colitis and hepatic encephalopathy secondary to liver cirrhosis. Sponsored by academic and individual investigators, including Cairo University and Mostafa Bahaa, these Phase 2 and Phase 3 studies range in status from actively recruiting to completed. Ultimately, these investigations demonstrate the expanding therapeutic scope of nifuroxazide beyond its traditional antibacterial profile.
| NCT Number | Recruitment | Conditions | Sponsor/Collaborators | Start Date | Phases |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NCT05754996 | COMPLETED | Hepatic Encephalopathy |
Cairo University |
2023-03-12 | PHASE3 |
| NCT05988528 | COMPLETED | Inflammatory Bowel Diseases |
Mostafa Bahaa |
2023-08-20 | PHASE2; PHASE3 |
| NCT05754996 | Recruiting | Hepatic Encephalopathy |
Cairo University |
2023-03-12 | Phase 3 |
(data from https://clinicaltrials.gov, updated on 2025-09-02)
Mechanism and Biochemical Profile
Appendix RUO and cGMP Quality Standards
| Quality Dimension | RUO (Research Use Only) | cGMP (Current Good Manufacturing Practice) |
|---|---|---|
| Clinical Applicability | Prohibited in human clinical trials or medical diagnostics. | Mandatory for human clinical trials (Phase I–III) and therapies. |
| Regulatory Status | Non-regulated grade; exempt from drug manufacturing laws. | Legally enforced by health authorities (e.g., FDA, EMA, NMPA). |
| Facility Environment | Unclassified analytical or research laboratories. | Validated Cleanrooms (ISO Class 5–8) with continuous monitoring. |
| Quality Control | Basic purity and activity testing. | Rigorous safety release testing (Sterility, Endotoxin, Mycoplasma). |
| Process Validation | Basic equipment calibration; no process validation required. | Full qualification (IQ/OQ/PQ) and complete batch records. |
| Quality Assurance | Vendor self-declared without required formal QMS. | Mandatory QA/QC unit, Change Control, CAPA, and vendor audits. |
| Regulatory Impact | High risk of IND rejection if used as a critical raw material. | Required for IND/NDA filings, supported by Drug Master Files (DMF). |
Footnotes
Regulatory Note: Governed by FDA (21 CFR Parts 210/211/312), EMA (EudraLex Vol 4), ICH Guidelines (E6/Q7/Q9/Q10), and compendial standards (USP <71>/<85>/<1043>).