Clinical Trials

Guadecitabine sodium is evaluated across multiple Phase I through III clinical trials investigating hematologic malignancies such as acute myeloid leukemia, alongside solid tumors including metastatic colorectal adenocarcinoma, small cell and non-small cell lung cancers, urothelial carcinoma, castration-resistant prostate cancer, and melanoma. Supported by pharmaceutical, academic, and government sponsors, these studies encompass active, recruiting, completed, and withdrawn protocols.

NCT Number Recruitment Conditions Sponsor/Collaborators Start Date Phases
NCT03220477 ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING
Lung Cancer
Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
2017-08-04 PHASE1
NCT02935361 ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING
Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia; Myelodysplastic Syndrome; Recurrent Acute Myeloid Leukemia With Myelodysplasia-Related Changes
University of Southern California
2016-11-02 PHASE1; PHASE2
NCT02998567 ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING
Non Small Cell Lung Cancer
Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust
2017-01-26 PHASE1
NCT02684162 COMPLETED
Acute Myeloid Leukemia; Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia; Myelodysplastic Syndrome; Recurrent Acute Myeloid Leukemia; Recurrent Myelodysplastic Syndrome
M.D. Anderson Cancer Center
2016-06-22 PHASE2
NCT02131597 COMPLETED
High Risk Myelodysplastic Syndrome
M.D. Anderson Cancer Center
2014-11-10 PHASE2
NCT04340843 ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING
Locally Advanced Unresectable Primary Central Chondrosarcoma; Metastatic Primary Central Chondrosarcoma; Unresectable Primary Central Chondrosarcoma
National Cancer Institute (NCI)
2020-09-08 PHASE2
NCT04250246 UNKNOWN
Melanoma; Non Small Cell Lung Cancer
Italian Network for Tumor Biotherapy Foundation
2020-03 PHASE2
NCT03308396 ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING
Advanced Kidney Cancer; Kidney Cancer; Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma
Ajjai Alva, MD
2017-12-19 PHASE1; PHASE2
NCT03576963 WITHDRAWN
Colorectal Adenocarcinoma; CpG Island Methylator Phenotype; Metastatic Microsatellite Stable Colorectal Carcinoma; Refractory Colorectal Carcinoma; Stage IV Colorectal Cancer AJCC v8; Stage IVA Colorectal Cancer AJCC v8; Stage IVB Colorectal Cancer AJCC v8; Stage IVC Colorectal Cancer AJCC v8
University of Southern California
2020-01-30 PHASE1; PHASE2
NCT03603964 TERMINATED
Acute Myeloid Leukemia; Myeloid Dysplastic Syndrome
Astex Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
2018-07-18 PHASE2
NCT03257761 ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING
Extrahepatic Bile Duct Adenocarcinoma, Biliary Type; Gallbladder Adenocarcinoma, Biliary Type; Metastatic Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma; Recurrent Cholangiocarcinoma; Recurrent Gallbladder Carcinoma; Recurrent Hepatocellular Carcinoma; Recurrent Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma; Recurrent Pancreatic Carcinoma; Stage III Gallbladder Cancer AJCC V7; Stage III Hepatocellular Carcinoma AJCC v7; Stage III Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma AJCC v7; Stage III Pancreatic Cancer AJCC v6 and v7; Stage IIIA Gallbladder Cancer AJCC v7; Stage IIIA Hepatocellular Carcinoma AJCC v7; Stage IIIB Gallbladder Cancer AJCC v7; Stage IIIB Hepatocellular Carcinoma AJCC v7; Stage IIIC Hepatocellular Carcinoma AJCC v7; Stage IV Gallbladder Cancer AJCC v7; Stage IV Hepatocellular Carcinoma AJCC v7; Stage IV Pancreatic Cancer AJCC v6 and v7; Stage IVA Gallbladder Cancer AJCC v7; Stage IVA Hepatocellular Carcinoma AJCC v7; Stage IVA Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma AJCC v7; Stage IVB Gallbladder Cancer AJCC v7; Stage IVB Hepatocellular Carcinoma AJCC v7; Stage IVB Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma AJCC v7; Unresectable Gallbladder Carcinoma; Unresectable Pancreatic Carcinoma
University of Southern California
2018-02-07 PHASE1
NCT03913455 COMPLETED
Small Cell Lung Cancer; Extensive-stage Small Cell Lung Cancer
Shadia Jalal, MD
2019-06-06 PHASE2
NCT03075826 COMPLETED
Myeloproliferative Neoplasms
Weill Medical College of Cornell University
2016-03-15 PHASE2
NCT02096055 COMPLETED
Untreated Adult Acute Myeloid Leukemia
M.D. Anderson Cancer Center
2014-04-04 PHASE2
NCT03206047 COMPLETED
Platinum-Resistant Fallopian Tube Carcinoma; Platinum-Resistant Ovarian Carcinoma; Platinum-Resistant Primary Peritoneal Carcinoma; Recurrent Fallopian Tube Carcinoma; Recurrent Ovarian Carcinoma; Recurrent Primary Peritoneal Carcinoma
National Cancer Institute (NCI)
2017-11-08 PHASE1; PHASE2
NCT03454984 UNKNOWN
Myelodysplastic Syndromes; Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Groupe Francophone des Myelodysplasies
2018-11 PHASE2
NCT03179943 ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING
Urothelial Carcinoma
Fox Chase Cancer Center
2017-11-27 PHASE2
NCT01966289 COMPLETED
Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins
2014-04-14 PHASE1
NCT02901899 COMPLETED
Recurrent Fallopian Tube Carcinoma; Recurrent Ovarian Carcinoma; Recurrent Primary Peritoneal Carcinoma
Northwestern University
2016-11-11 PHASE2
NCT02907359 COMPLETED
Myelodysplastic Syndromes; Leukemia, Myelomonocytic, Chronic
Astex Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
2017-01-13 PHASE3
NCT03165721 TERMINATED
Paraganglioma; Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors; Carcinoma, Renal Cell; Renal Neoplasms; Pheochromocytoma
National Cancer Institute (NCI)
2017-08-16 PHASE2
NCT02920008 COMPLETED
Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Astex Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
2017-03-16 PHASE3
NCT03576963 Withdrawn
Colorectal Adenocarcinoma|CpG Island Methylator Phenotype|Metastatic Microsatellite Stable Colorectal Carcinoma|Refractory Colorectal Carcinoma|Stage IV Colorectal Cancer AJCC v8|Stage IVA Colorectal Cancer AJCC v8|Stage IVB Colorectal Cancer AJCC v8|Stage IVC Colorectal Cancer AJCC v8
University of Southern California|National Cancer Institute (NCI)|Bristol-Myers Squibb|Astex Pharmaceuticals Inc.
2020-01-30 Phase 1|Phase 2
NCT02892318 COMPLETED
Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Hoffmann-La Roche
2016-10-31 PHASE1
NCT01896856 COMPLETED
Previously Treated Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins
2013-10-23 PHASE1; PHASE2
NCT03085849 COMPLETED
Extensive-stage Small Cell Lung Cancer
Catherine Shu
2017-12-15 PHASE1
NCT02429466 COMPLETED
Germ Cell Tumor; Testis Cancer; Testicular Cancer
Nasser Hanna
2015-04-27 PHASE1
NCT02348489 COMPLETED
Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute
Astex Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
2015-03-19 PHASE3
NCT03085849 Completed
Extensive-stage Small Cell Lung Cancer
Catherine Shu|Columbia University
2017-12-15 Phase 1
NCT03179943 Active not recruiting
Urothelial Carcinoma
Fox Chase Cancer Center|Stand Up To Cancer|Van Andel Research Institute
2017-11-27 Phase 2
NCT02293993 COMPLETED
Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.
2015-01-07 PHASE1
NCT02998567 Recruiting
Castration-Resistant Prostatic Cancer|Non Small Cell Lung Cancer
Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust|Astex Pharmaceuticals Inc.|Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC|Institute of Cancer Research United Kingdom
2017-01-26 Phase 1
NCT02892318 Completed
Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Hoffmann-La Roche
2016-10-31 Phase 1
NCT02608437 UNKNOWN
Metastatic Melanoma
Italian Network for Tumor Biotherapy Foundation
2015-10 PHASE1
NCT01696032 COMPLETED
Ovarian Cancer
Astex Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
2012-09 PHASE2
NCT01261312 COMPLETED
MDS; CMML; AML
Astex Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
2011-01-04 PHASE1; PHASE2
NCT02197676 COMPLETED
MDS
Groupe Francophone des Myelodysplasies
2014-08-04 PHASE2
NCT01752933 COMPLETED
Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Astex Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
2012-12 PHASE2

(data from https://clinicaltrials.gov, updated on 2026-08-05)

Check the Guadecitabine sodium product page for in-depth specifications, including solubility, stock solutions, MOA, and working concentrations.

Compliance for Clinical Use

Mechanism and Biochemical Profile

Guadecitabine sodium acts as a next-generation hypomethylating agent that incorporates into genomic DNA and inhibits DNA methyltransferases, thereby reversing aberrant hypermethylation and restoring the expression of epigenetically silenced tumor suppressor genes. This demethylating activity restores normal cellular differentiation pathways and induces apoptosis in malignant cells, providing a clear biological basis for its clinical evaluation in acute myeloid leukemia and various solid tumors.

Appendix RUO and cGMP Quality Standards

Quality Dimension RUO (Research Use Only) cGMP (Current Good Manufacturing Practice)
Clinical Applicability Prohibited in human clinical trials or medical diagnostics. Mandatory for human clinical trials (Phase I–III) and therapies.
Regulatory Status Non-regulated grade; exempt from drug manufacturing laws. Legally enforced by health authorities (e.g., FDA, EMA, NMPA).
Facility Environment Unclassified analytical or research laboratories. Validated Cleanrooms (ISO Class 5–8) with continuous monitoring.
Quality Control Basic purity and activity testing. Rigorous safety release testing (Sterility, Endotoxin, Mycoplasma).
Process Validation Basic equipment calibration; no process validation required. Full qualification (IQ/OQ/PQ) and complete batch records.
Quality Assurance Vendor self-declared without required formal QMS. Mandatory QA/QC unit, Change Control, CAPA, and vendor audits.
Regulatory Impact High risk of IND rejection if used as a critical raw material. Required for IND/NDA filings, supported by Drug Master Files (DMF).

Footnotes

Regulatory Note: Governed by FDA (21 CFR Parts 210/211/312), EMA (EudraLex Vol 4), ICH Guidelines (E6/Q7/Q9/Q10), and compendial standards (USP <71>/<85>/<1043>).

Note: Technical data last updated: Sep 1, 2026.