Several clinical trials evaluate or utilize creatinine across diverse conditions, including acute kidney injury, contrast-induced nephropathy, renal insufficiency, anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis, Werner syndrome, and renal transplantation. These studies encompass Phase 2, Phase 4, and unassigned phase designs, with recruitment statuses categorized as withdrawn or not yet recruiting. Sponsored by academic and pharmaceutical entities—including Maastricht University Medical Center, NovelMed Therapeutics, PRG Science & Technology Co. Ltd., and University Hospital Geneva—they assess renal parameters and targeted therapies in these patient populations.
| NCT Number | Recruitment | Conditions | Sponsor/Collaborators | Start Date | Phases |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NCT04598516 | Withdrawn | Acute Kidney Injury (Nontraumatic)|Contrast-induced Nephropathy|Renal Insufficiency |
Maastricht University Medical Center |
2097-11-01 | -- |
| NCT04597892 | Withdrawn | Renal Insufficiency|Acute Kidney Injury|Contrast-induced Nephropathy |
Maastricht University Medical Center |
2097-05-01 | -- |
| NCT06226662 | Not yet recruiting | Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-Associated Vasculitis |
NovelMed Therapeutics |
2025-06 | Phase 2 |
| NCT05847179 | Not yet recruiting | Werner Syndrome |
PRG Science & Technology Co. Ltd. |
2025-01-01 | Phase 2 |
| NCT05935293 | Not yet recruiting | Renal Transplantation|Dexmedetomidine |
Eduardo Schiffer|University Hospital Geneva |
2024-12-01 | Phase 4 |
(data from https://clinicaltrials.gov, updated on 2024-05-22)
Mechanism and Biochemical Profile
Appendix RUO and cGMP Quality Standards
| Quality Dimension | RUO (Research Use Only) | cGMP (Current Good Manufacturing Practice) |
|---|---|---|
| Clinical Applicability | Prohibited in human clinical trials or medical diagnostics. | Mandatory for human clinical trials (Phase I–III) and therapies. |
| Regulatory Status | Non-regulated grade; exempt from drug manufacturing laws. | Legally enforced by health authorities (e.g., FDA, EMA, NMPA). |
| Facility Environment | Unclassified analytical or research laboratories. | Validated Cleanrooms (ISO Class 5–8) with continuous monitoring. |
| Quality Control | Basic purity and activity testing. | Rigorous safety release testing (Sterility, Endotoxin, Mycoplasma). |
| Process Validation | Basic equipment calibration; no process validation required. | Full qualification (IQ/OQ/PQ) and complete batch records. |
| Quality Assurance | Vendor self-declared without required formal QMS. | Mandatory QA/QC unit, Change Control, CAPA, and vendor audits. |
| Regulatory Impact | High risk of IND rejection if used as a critical raw material. | Required for IND/NDA filings, supported by Drug Master Files (DMF). |
Footnotes
Regulatory Note: Governed by FDA (21 CFR Parts 210/211/312), EMA (EudraLex Vol 4), ICH Guidelines (E6/Q7/Q9/Q10), and compendial standards (USP <71>/<85>/<1043>).