Several clinical trials evaluate cephalexin across Phase 1 studies focusing on pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic, and bioequivalence profiles. These trials assess healthy volunteers as well as pediatric populations with neonatal infections or musculoskeletal conditions such as osteomyelitis, septic arthritis, and pyomyositis, with some investigating specialized pediatric dosing protocols. Sponsored by academic and industrial entities including the University of Colorado Denver, Eli Lilly and Company, and Investigacion Farmacologica y Biofarmaceutica S.A. de C.V., study recruitment statuses range from completed to enrolling by invitation.
| NCT Number | Recruitment | Conditions | Sponsor/Collaborators | Start Date | Phases |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NCT04916951 | Enrolling by invitation | Neonatal Infection |
University of Colorado Denver |
2021-07-14 | Phase 1 |
| NCT03802552 | Completed | Osteomyelitis|Septic Arthritis|Pyomyositis |
University of Colorado Denver |
2019-05-01 | Phase 1 |
| NCT02490670 | Completed | Healthy |
Eli Lilly and Company|Investigacion Farmacologica y Biofarmaceutica S.A. de C.V. |
2015-07 | Phase 1 |
| NCT02123459 | Completed | Healthy Volunteers |
Eli Lilly and Company|Investigacion Farmacologica y Biofarmaceutica S.A. de C.V. |
2014-05 | Phase 1 |
| NCT02123472 | Completed | Healthy Volunteers |
Eli Lilly and Company|Investigacion Farmacologica y Biofarmaceutica S.A. de C.V. |
2014-05 | Phase 1 |
(data from https://clinicaltrials.gov, updated on 2024-05-22)
Mechanism and Biochemical Profile
Appendix RUO and cGMP Quality Standards
| Quality Dimension | RUO (Research Use Only) | cGMP (Current Good Manufacturing Practice) |
|---|---|---|
| Clinical Applicability | Prohibited in human clinical trials or medical diagnostics. | Mandatory for human clinical trials (Phase I–III) and therapies. |
| Regulatory Status | Non-regulated grade; exempt from drug manufacturing laws. | Legally enforced by health authorities (e.g., FDA, EMA, NMPA). |
| Facility Environment | Unclassified analytical or research laboratories. | Validated Cleanrooms (ISO Class 5–8) with continuous monitoring. |
| Quality Control | Basic purity and activity testing. | Rigorous safety release testing (Sterility, Endotoxin, Mycoplasma). |
| Process Validation | Basic equipment calibration; no process validation required. | Full qualification (IQ/OQ/PQ) and complete batch records. |
| Quality Assurance | Vendor self-declared without required formal QMS. | Mandatory QA/QC unit, Change Control, CAPA, and vendor audits. |
| Regulatory Impact | High risk of IND rejection if used as a critical raw material. | Required for IND/NDA filings, supported by Drug Master Files (DMF). |
Footnotes
Regulatory Note: Governed by FDA (21 CFR Parts 210/211/312), EMA (EudraLex Vol 4), ICH Guidelines (E6/Q7/Q9/Q10), and compendial standards (USP <71>/<85>/<1043>).