Clinical Trials

Multiple clinical trials, encompassing completed Phase 3 and Phase 4 studies alongside registry evaluations, have evaluated zotarolimus for cardiovascular conditions such as acute coronary syndrome, coronary artery disease, ischemic heart disease, and comorbid hypertension and diabetes. Conducted through collaborations between industry leaders like Medtronic Vascular and academic medical centers including Yonsei University and IRCCS San Raffaele, these studies investigated zotarolimus-eluting stent implantation, focusing on neointimal coverage, platelet activity, and long-term cardiovascular outcomes.

NCT Number Recruitment Conditions Sponsor/Collaborators Start Date Phases
NCT01239654 Completed
Acute Coronary Syndrome
IRCCS San Raffaele|Mediolanum Cardio Research|Cardiovascular Research Foundation New York
2010-09 Phase 3
NCT01003717 Completed
Coronary Artery Disease
Rebecca Torguson|Medstar Health Research Institute
2009-10 --
NCT00846846 Completed
Coronary Artery Disease Autosomal Dominant 1
Medtronic Vascular
2009-01 Phase 4
NCT00815139 Completed
Coronary Artery Disease
Yonsei University
2008-02 --
NCT00599885 Completed
Hypertension|Diabetes|Coronary Artery Disease
Korea University Anam Hospital
2007-09 Phase 4
NCT00476957 Completed
Ischemic Heart Disease
Medtronic Vascular|Medtronic Bakken Research Center
2007-06 Phase 4

(data from https://clinicaltrials.gov, updated on 2024-05-22)

Check the Zotarolimus (ABT-578) product page for in-depth specifications, including solubility, stock solutions, MOA, and working concentrations.

Compliance for Clinical Use

Mechanism and Biochemical Profile

Zotarolimus binds to FK506-binding protein 12 (FKBP-12) with high affinity, forming a complex that inhibits mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) downstream signaling to suppress vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and neointimal growth. This anti-proliferative action provides the mechanistic basis for deploying zotarolimus-eluting stents to reduce re-occlusion and improve outcomes in clinical trials for patients with coronary artery disease, acute coronary syndrome, and ischemic heart disease.

Appendix RUO and cGMP Quality Standards

Quality Dimension RUO (Research Use Only) cGMP (Current Good Manufacturing Practice)
Clinical Applicability Prohibited in human clinical trials or medical diagnostics. Mandatory for human clinical trials (Phase I–III) and therapies.
Regulatory Status Non-regulated grade; exempt from drug manufacturing laws. Legally enforced by health authorities (e.g., FDA, EMA, NMPA).
Facility Environment Unclassified analytical or research laboratories. Validated Cleanrooms (ISO Class 5–8) with continuous monitoring.
Quality Control Basic purity and activity testing. Rigorous safety release testing (Sterility, Endotoxin, Mycoplasma).
Process Validation Basic equipment calibration; no process validation required. Full qualification (IQ/OQ/PQ) and complete batch records.
Quality Assurance Vendor self-declared without required formal QMS. Mandatory QA/QC unit, Change Control, CAPA, and vendor audits.
Regulatory Impact High risk of IND rejection if used as a critical raw material. Required for IND/NDA filings, supported by Drug Master Files (DMF).

Footnotes

Regulatory Note: Governed by FDA (21 CFR Parts 210/211/312), EMA (EudraLex Vol 4), ICH Guidelines (E6/Q7/Q9/Q10), and compendial standards (USP <71>/<85>/<1043>).

Note: Technical data last updated: Sep 1, 2026.