Numerous clinical trials spanning Phase 2 through Phase 4 have evaluated Tegaserod Maleate for various gastrointestinal conditions, including chronic constipation, dyspepsia, heartburn, gastroesophageal reflux disease, and diabetic gastroparesis. Sponsored by organizations such as Novartis, Braintree Laboratories, and the Hospital Authority, Hong Kong, these studies are predominantly completed, though several were withdrawn, terminated, or remain of unknown recruitment status. Overall, this clinical landscape reflects extensive research into gut motility, gastric emptying, and gastrointestinal symptom relief.
| NCT Number | Recruitment | Conditions | Sponsor/Collaborators | Start Date | Phases |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NCT00414024 | TERMINATED | Opioid-induced Constipation |
Novartis |
2007-02 | PHASE3 |
| NCT00365820 | TERMINATED | Constipation |
Novartis |
2006-07 | PHASE2; PHASE3 |
| NCT00399659 | TERMINATED | Opioid-induced Constipation |
Novartis |
2006-11 | PHASE3 |
| NCT00348634 | TERMINATED | Chronic Constipation |
Novartis |
2006-07 | PHASE4 |
| NCT00390975 | TERMINATED | Gastroparesis; Diabetes |
Novartis |
2007-01 | PHASE4 |
| NCT00232089 | COMPLETED | Dyspepsia |
Novartis |
2004-05 | PHASE3 |
| NCT00171431 | TERMINATED | Constipation Predominant; Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS-C) |
Novartis Pharmaceuticals |
2004-11 | PHASE3 |
| NCT00149851 | COMPLETED | Symptomatic Gastroespohageal Reflux Disease |
Novartis |
2004-01 | PHASE2 |
| NCT00142974 | TERMINATED | Diabetic Gastropathy |
Novartis |
2004-05 | PHASE2 |
| NCT00153140 | COMPLETED | Constipation |
Braintree Laboratories |
2004-07 | PHASE4 |
| NCT00171522 | COMPLETED | Constipation |
Novartis |
2005-05 | PHASE4 |
| NCT00171457 | COMPLETED | Heartburn; Dyspepsia |
Novartis |
2005-04 | PHASE3 |
| NCT00277550 | WITHDRAWN | Constipation and Dyspepsia |
Novartis |
PHASE4 | |
| NCT00171470 | COMPLETED | Dyspepsia |
Novartis |
2005-04 | PHASE3 |
| NCT00171483 | COMPLETED | Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) |
Novartis |
2004-01 | PHASE3 |
| NCT00139568 | COMPLETED | Constipation |
Novartis |
2005-02 | PHASE3 |
| NCT00142987 | COMPLETED | IBS-C and IBS With Mixed Bowel Habits |
Novartis |
2004-04 | PHASE4 |
| NCT00141089 | COMPLETED | Chronic Constipation |
Novartis |
2004-03 | PHASE3 |
| NCT00232037 | COMPLETED | Dyspepsia |
Novartis |
2004-09 | PHASE3 |
| NCT00232102 | COMPLETED | Dyspepsia |
Novartis |
2004-09 | PHASE3 |
| NCT00563615 | UNKNOWN | Constipation |
Hospital Authority, Hong Kong |
2004-11 | |
| NCT00149877 | COMPLETED | Chronic Constipation |
Novartis |
2004-04 | PHASE4 |
| NCT00563758 | TERMINATED | Constipation; Chronic Disease |
Hospital Authority, Hong Kong |
2004-12 | |
| NCT00171418 | COMPLETED | Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) |
Novartis |
2003-06 | PHASE3 |
| NCT00232024 | COMPLETED | Dyspepsia |
Novartis |
2004-01 | PHASE3 |
(data from https://clinicaltrials.gov, updated on 2012-04-20)
Mechanism and Biochemical Profile
Appendix RUO and cGMP Quality Standards
| Quality Dimension | RUO (Research Use Only) | cGMP (Current Good Manufacturing Practice) |
|---|---|---|
| Clinical Applicability | Prohibited in human clinical trials or medical diagnostics. | Mandatory for human clinical trials (Phase I–III) and therapies. |
| Regulatory Status | Non-regulated grade; exempt from drug manufacturing laws. | Legally enforced by health authorities (e.g., FDA, EMA, NMPA). |
| Facility Environment | Unclassified analytical or research laboratories. | Validated Cleanrooms (ISO Class 5–8) with continuous monitoring. |
| Quality Control | Basic purity and activity testing. | Rigorous safety release testing (Sterility, Endotoxin, Mycoplasma). |
| Process Validation | Basic equipment calibration; no process validation required. | Full qualification (IQ/OQ/PQ) and complete batch records. |
| Quality Assurance | Vendor self-declared without required formal QMS. | Mandatory QA/QC unit, Change Control, CAPA, and vendor audits. |
| Regulatory Impact | High risk of IND rejection if used as a critical raw material. | Required for IND/NDA filings, supported by Drug Master Files (DMF). |
Footnotes
Regulatory Note: Governed by FDA (21 CFR Parts 210/211/312), EMA (EudraLex Vol 4), ICH Guidelines (E6/Q7/Q9/Q10), and compendial standards (USP <71>/<85>/<1043>).