Several clinical trials evaluate (R)-Serine for indications such as schizophrenia, Tourette syndrome, related psychotic disorders, and healthy volunteer cohorts. Spanning Phase 1, Phase 2, Phase 4, and unspecified phase protocols, these studies are sponsored by industry, academic, and governmental organizations, including Neurocrine Biosciences, Takeda, Johns Hopkins University, the National Institute of Mental Health, and Shalvata Mental Health Center. Recruitment statuses range from completed investigations to studies with an unknown recruitment status.
| NCT Number | Recruitment | Conditions | Sponsor/Collaborators | Start Date | Phases |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NCT03359785 | Completed | Schizophrenia |
Neurocrine Biosciences|Takeda |
2018-01-10 | Phase 2 |
| NCT02716987 | Completed | Healthy |
Neurocrine Biosciences|Takeda |
2016-03-21 | Phase 1 |
| NCT01018056 | Completed | Tourette Syndrome |
Johns Hopkins University|National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) |
2009-11 | Phase 4 |
| NCT00789022 | Unknown status | Schizophrenia|Schizophreniform|Schizoaffective Disorder|Brief Psychotic Episode |
Shalvata Mental Health Center |
2009-01 | -- |
(data from https://clinicaltrials.gov, updated on 2024-05-22)
Mechanism and Biochemical Profile
Appendix RUO and cGMP Quality Standards
| Quality Dimension | RUO (Research Use Only) | cGMP (Current Good Manufacturing Practice) |
|---|---|---|
| Clinical Applicability | Prohibited in human clinical trials or medical diagnostics. | Mandatory for human clinical trials (Phase I–III) and therapies. |
| Regulatory Status | Non-regulated grade; exempt from drug manufacturing laws. | Legally enforced by health authorities (e.g., FDA, EMA, NMPA). |
| Facility Environment | Unclassified analytical or research laboratories. | Validated Cleanrooms (ISO Class 5–8) with continuous monitoring. |
| Quality Control | Basic purity and activity testing. | Rigorous safety release testing (Sterility, Endotoxin, Mycoplasma). |
| Process Validation | Basic equipment calibration; no process validation required. | Full qualification (IQ/OQ/PQ) and complete batch records. |
| Quality Assurance | Vendor self-declared without required formal QMS. | Mandatory QA/QC unit, Change Control, CAPA, and vendor audits. |
| Regulatory Impact | High risk of IND rejection if used as a critical raw material. | Required for IND/NDA filings, supported by Drug Master Files (DMF). |
Footnotes
Regulatory Note: Governed by FDA (21 CFR Parts 210/211/312), EMA (EudraLex Vol 4), ICH Guidelines (E6/Q7/Q9/Q10), and compendial standards (USP <71>/<85>/<1043>).