Multiple clinical trials evaluate the therapeutic profile of pixantrone maleate across Phase 1, Phase 2, and Phase 3 studies for hematologic malignancies and solid tumors, such as non-Hodgkin lymphoma, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, acute myelogenous leukemia, and metastatic breast cancer. Sponsored by both commercial entities and academic research organizations, these protocols report varied recruitment statuses, including completed, active non-recruiting, terminated, and withdrawn.
| NCT Number | Recruitment | Conditions | Sponsor/Collaborators | Start Date | Phases |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NCT03458260 | COMPLETED | Aggressive Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma |
The Lymphoma Academic Research Organisation |
2018-12-26 | PHASE2 |
| NCT02678299 | UNKNOWN | Malignant Lymphoma |
University of Aarhus |
2016-02 | PHASE1; PHASE2 |
| NCT02499003 | COMPLETED | Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin |
Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz |
2015-08-14 | PHASE2 |
| NCT02800889 | WITHDRAWN | Lymphoma; Solid Tumor (Excluding CNS) |
CTI BioPharma |
2016-10-24 | PHASE1 |
| NCT01321541 | COMPLETED | Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma; de Novo DLBCL; DLBCL Transformed From Indolent Lymphoma; Follicular Grade 3 Lymphoma |
CTI BioPharma |
2011-04-20 | PHASE3 |
| NCT01632436 | WITHDRAWN | Metastatic Cancer |
CTI BioPharma |
2012-05 | PHASE1 |
| NCT01491841 | COMPLETED | Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma |
Anne Beaven, MD |
2011-11-01 | PHASE1 |
| NCT00577161 | WITHDRAWN | Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma |
CTI BioPharma |
2007-09 | PHASE3 |
| NCT00268853 | COMPLETED | Diffuse Large-Cell Lymphoma |
CTI BioPharma |
2005-11 | PHASE2 |
| NCT01086605 | COMPLETED | Breast Cancer |
Alliance for Clinical Trials in Oncology |
2010-05 | PHASE2 |
| NCT00088530 | COMPLETED | Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin |
CTI BioPharma |
2004-07 | PHASE3 |
| NCT00060671 | TERMINATED | Lymphoma, Follicular; Lymphoma, Mixed-Cell, Follicular; Lymphoma, Small Cleaved-Cell, Follicular; Lymphoma, Low-Grade |
CTI BioPharma |
2005-01 | PHASE3 |
| NCT00106600 | Completed | Acute Myelogenous Leukemia |
CTI BioPharma |
2005-03 | Phase 1|Phase 2 |
| NCT00060684 | COMPLETED | Lymphoma, Low-Grade; Lymphoma, Small Lymphocytic; Lymphoma, Mixed-Cell, Follicular; Lymphoma, Small Cleaved-Cell, Follicular |
CTI BioPharma |
2001-12 | PHASE1 |
| NCT00060671 | Terminated | Lymphoma Follicular|Lymphoma Mixed-Cell Follicular|Lymphoma Small Cleaved-Cell Follicular|Lymphoma Low-Grade |
CTI BioPharma |
2005-01 | Phase 3 |
| NCT00551239 | WITHDRAWN | Leukemia; Lymphoma |
CTI BioPharma |
2007-08 | PHASE3 |
| NCT00069966 | UNKNOWN | Lymphoma |
Theradex |
2003-04 | PHASE2 |
| NCT00053105 | UNKNOWN | Lymphoma |
Theradex |
2002-02 | PHASE1 |
| NCT00106600 | COMPLETED | Acute Myelogenous Leukemia |
CTI BioPharma |
2005-03 | PHASE1; PHASE2 |
(data from https://clinicaltrials.gov, updated on 2026-03-10)
Check the
Pixantrone Maleate
product page for in-depth specifications, including solubility, stock solutions, MOA, and working concentrations.
Mechanism and Biochemical Profile
Appendix RUO and cGMP Quality Standards
| Quality Dimension | RUO (Research Use Only) | cGMP (Current Good Manufacturing Practice) |
|---|---|---|
| Clinical Applicability | Prohibited in human clinical trials or medical diagnostics. | Mandatory for human clinical trials (Phase I–III) and therapies. |
| Regulatory Status | Non-regulated grade; exempt from drug manufacturing laws. | Legally enforced by health authorities (e.g., FDA, EMA, NMPA). |
| Facility Environment | Unclassified analytical or research laboratories. | Validated Cleanrooms (ISO Class 5–8) with continuous monitoring. |
| Quality Control | Basic purity and activity testing. | Rigorous safety release testing (Sterility, Endotoxin, Mycoplasma). |
| Process Validation | Basic equipment calibration; no process validation required. | Full qualification (IQ/OQ/PQ) and complete batch records. |
| Quality Assurance | Vendor self-declared without required formal QMS. | Mandatory QA/QC unit, Change Control, CAPA, and vendor audits. |
| Regulatory Impact | High risk of IND rejection if used as a critical raw material. | Required for IND/NDA filings, supported by Drug Master Files (DMF). |
Footnotes
Regulatory Note: Governed by FDA (21 CFR Parts 210/211/312), EMA (EudraLex Vol 4), ICH Guidelines (E6/Q7/Q9/Q10), and compendial standards (USP <71>/<85>/<1043>).
Note: Technical data last updated: Sep 1, 2026.