Multiple clinical trials have evaluated naproxen across Phase 1, Phase 2, and Phase 4, with recruitment statuses ranging from active recruitment to completed. These studies investigate pain management in dysmenorrhea, orthodontic pain, and soft tissue injury, alongside cancer immune interception in Lynch syndrome-associated colorectal cancer. Research is supported by a diverse array of sponsors, including academic medical centers, government agencies like the NIH and U.S. Department of Defense, and pharmaceutical companies such as Bayer and Johnson & Johnson.
| NCT Number | Recruitment | Conditions | Sponsor/Collaborators | Start Date | Phases |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NCT05900336 | Recruiting | Dysmenorrhea|Menstrual Pain|Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drug |
Mclean Hospital|United States Department of Defense|NorthShore University HealthSystem |
2024-03-25 | Phase 4 |
| NCT05844995 | Completed | Orthodontic Pain |
Johnson & Johnson Consumer Inc. (J&JCI)|Johnson & Johnson Consumer and Personal Products Worldwide |
2023-09-13 | Phase 1 |
| NCT05411718 | Recruiting | T Cells|Colorectal Cancer|Lynch Syndrome |
M.D. Anderson Cancer Center|National Institutes of Health (NIH)|National Cancer Institute (NCI) |
2023-03-21 | Phase 2 |
| NCT05026320 | Completed | Soft Tissue Injury |
Bayer|Deutsche Sporthochschule Köln |
2021-08-08 | Phase 2 |
(data from https://clinicaltrials.gov, updated on 2024-05-22)
Mechanism and Biochemical Profile
Appendix RUO and cGMP Quality Standards
| Quality Dimension | RUO (Research Use Only) | cGMP (Current Good Manufacturing Practice) |
|---|---|---|
| Clinical Applicability | Prohibited in human clinical trials or medical diagnostics. | Mandatory for human clinical trials (Phase I–III) and therapies. |
| Regulatory Status | Non-regulated grade; exempt from drug manufacturing laws. | Legally enforced by health authorities (e.g., FDA, EMA, NMPA). |
| Facility Environment | Unclassified analytical or research laboratories. | Validated Cleanrooms (ISO Class 5–8) with continuous monitoring. |
| Quality Control | Basic purity and activity testing. | Rigorous safety release testing (Sterility, Endotoxin, Mycoplasma). |
| Process Validation | Basic equipment calibration; no process validation required. | Full qualification (IQ/OQ/PQ) and complete batch records. |
| Quality Assurance | Vendor self-declared without required formal QMS. | Mandatory QA/QC unit, Change Control, CAPA, and vendor audits. |
| Regulatory Impact | High risk of IND rejection if used as a critical raw material. | Required for IND/NDA filings, supported by Drug Master Files (DMF). |
Footnotes
Regulatory Note: Governed by FDA (21 CFR Parts 210/211/312), EMA (EudraLex Vol 4), ICH Guidelines (E6/Q7/Q9/Q10), and compendial standards (USP <71>/<85>/<1043>).